EP2329682A2

EP2329682A2 - Electrically conductive polymer ribbon and polymer tissue on the basis of electrically conductive polymer fibers, yarns, threads and cords for areal heating elements

Info

Publication number: EP2329682A2
Application number: EP09741760A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Elena Tolmacheva; Alexander Tolmachev
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-05-05
Filing date: 2009-05-04
Publication date: 2011-06-08
Also published as: WO2009135487A2; WO2009135487A3

Abstract

The objects of the invention are an electrically conductive polymer ribbon or polymer tissue on the basis of electrically conductive polymer fibers, yarns, threads and cords, preferably for areal heating elements, or a heating tissue, a method for producing an areal heating element by way of the polymer fibers, yarns, threads, cords, polymer ribbons and polymer tissue, particularly for space heaters, for clothing, and in the medical field, under cost-effective conditions. Individual fibers (1) of the yarns (2) of the polymer ribbon or polymer tissue (7) comprise electrically conductive carbon fibers (1a) and/or electrically conductive, modified polymer carbon fibers (1b) and/or electrically conductive, modified polymer silver carbon fibers (1c) and/or electrically non-conductive polymer fibers (1d), or natural fibers (1d), or monofilament fibers (1d), and/or electrically conductive, metal-modified polymer fibers (1f), and/or electrically non-conductive polymer fibers (1d), or natural fibers (1d) or monofilament fibers (1d), comprising a coating compound made of a coal dust / polymer mixture (1e), and/or a coating compound made of a silver / coal dust / polymer mixture (1e), and/or a coating compound made of a silver / polymer mixture (1g), and/or a silver coating (1h), wherein the electrically non-conductive polymer fibers (1d), or natural fibers (1d), or monofilament fibers (1d) may be configured as elastic fibers (1i). During the method for producing an areal heating element, electrically conductive fibers (1a, 1b, 1c, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h) or knitted ribbons (4) or woven ribbons (7, 8) are disposed on a non-conductive textile carrier material (13) and fastened, wherein the knitted ribbons (4) and woven ribbons (7, 8) are prefabricated using weaving technology, knitting technology, or sewing technology. The field of application of the invention is the production of areal heating elements, particularly for space heaters, for clothing, and in the medical field.

Description

Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric based on electrically conductive polymer fibers, yarns, threads and cords for laminar heating elements, heating fabric and the like and method for producing the planar heating element

Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric based on electrically conductive polymer fibers, yarns, threads and cords for laminar heating elements, heating fabric and the like and method for producing the planar

Heating element, in particular for space heating, for clothing and in the medical field.

There are already known heating elements made of conductive polymer fibers. For example, EP1374638 A2 describes electrically conductive flexible fibers which are arranged or laid as a line in an insulating material. The cables can be routed differently in bands, surfaces or tubes, in parallel or in series.

Furthermore, WO 2004/098239 A1 describes a soft and flexible heater which uses electrically conductive threads or fibers as heating of media. The conductive fibers are combined by a material with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC), forming the temperature sensor of the heating cable. One or more heating cables may be formed in heaters of various configurations, including tapes, pipes or plates, which provide uniform local thermal radiation and overheat protection. Such heaters can be connected in various combinations as parallel or series connection. The heater may include a permanent temperature sensor with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) to precisely control the temperature in the heater. Such temperature sensors can be made of electrically conductive fibers, Metal lines or fibers consist of optical filaments. If desired, the electrically conductive threads / fibers may have a polymer base which serves as a thermal shutdown at a particular pre-set temperature. Likewise, methods for producing a planar heating element and a planar heating element are already known. For example, DE 10 2006 014 171 A1 describes an area heater with a conductive cellulose fleece, in which an area heater which is used for applications in the range of heating voltages of up to 1000 V yields achievable powers of up to 2 kw / m 2 and which is characterized in that the electrical resistance required for the heating is formed by an electrically conductive cellulose fleece. Integrated metallic contacts secure the connection of the conductive cellulose fleece to a

Voltage source. Polymer films applied on both sides provide mechanical and electrical protection and prevent the penetration of moisture into the cellulose fleece.

Furthermore, in DE 44 47 407 C2 a flexible

Surface heating element and a method for producing a flexible Flächenheizelementes described, which consists of a carrier layer, a cover layer, a preferably made of a polymer before impregnating th carbon fibers fiber web and attached to opposite sides

Connection electrodes consists and in which the carrier layer and the cover layer mechanically loadable fabric or nonwoven webs, the carbon fiber web, the carrier layer and the cover layer are needled together, these layers with an order of a PVC paste existing

Plastisol, made of a high-solid system (PUR) or made of a polymer and combined using a joining force to form a composite layer.

In DE 44 47 408 Al, a method for producing a flexible, web-shaped and mechanically strong Sheet with an integrated surface heating using a plastic with a wear-resistant surface described, which is inventively achieved in that on a layer composite, consisting of at least one mechanically loadable fiber web and a mechanically non-resilient mainly consisting of electrically conductive non-metallic fibers fiber web, in several Layers optionally a plastisol (PVC paste), a high-solid system (PUR system) or in the thermoplastic state, a polymer melt applied and with a plastic component before imprägnier te layer composite by applying a joining force with the order of plastic to a heterogeneous A sheet is combined, wherein a part of the applied PVC paste, the PUR system or the polymer melt penetrates into the Kunststoffaservlies. The invention is used in the manufacture of a flexible sheet-like and mechanically loadable sheet with an integrated, low-voltage heating to heat converting electrical energy predominantly for wear-resistant and optionally patterned surfaces in floor coverings.

DE 10 2005 010 540 A1 describes a current-conducting knitted or knitted fabric for heating purposes, which contains an electrically conductive, relatively high-resistance, flexible resistance material made of carbon threads with metal conductors for the electrical leads of a low-resistance material, wherein the carbon threads and the metal conductors in a synthetic Threads or knitted fabric or knit fabric knitted or knitted in mixture with natural fibers as carrier material. The manufacturing processes of such products are complicated and problematic. The invention provides a remedy in that it is designed in the form of a spacer fabric or knitted spacer fabric with a top and bottom side and intermediate layer and that the

Carbon threads by appropriately adjusted and adjusted mechanical factors, such as thread guide elements, have sufficient lateral force stability so that they do not experience any relevant damage during production.

The object of the invention is an electrically conductive

Polymer tape or polymer fabric based on electrically conductive polymer fibers, yarns, threads and cords for preferably planar heating elements or a heating fabric, a method for producing a planar heating element by means of polymer fibers, yarns, twisting, cords, polymer tapes and polymer fabric especially for space heaters to create for clothing and in the medical field under cost-effective conditions.

With the invention is achieved in the specified application that an electrically conductive polymer strip for heating elements, a method for producing a planar heating element provided, wherein the yarn, the twist, the cords and the tapes and the fabric consists of electrically conductive fibers based on polymer.

Within the polymer fibers or on the surface of electrically conductive materials or mixtures may be applied. The polymer fibers are advantageously processed into yarns and other textile processing stages. In this case, groups of parallel yarns, twines or strands can be formed and each connected as a group can be connected in the band. All strands are each conductively connected to each other and thus form a band as a single electrical conductor. The tapes can be used universally as a single arrangement or as groups. The electrical coupling is done in a mechanical way.

The fibers, yarns, threads, cords, tapes and the fabric are the basis for the production of flat and flexible heaters in the low temperature range and simultaneously

Basis for the production of electrical heating cables. The Number of braided polymer fibers in the monofilaments, as well as the number of threads, yarns, threads and / or cords in the belt or fabric are structurally determined by the predetermined parameters of the heating tape or heating fabric. According to the intended functions of the

Heating element and the intended conditions of use are the allowable specific individual power of a unit of length of fibers, yarns, threads and cords and a given specific resistance of the fibers, yarns, threads and cords for a unit length of fibers, yarns, threads and cords and the given surface temperature considered the heating tape. Since all the fibers, yarns, threads and cords of the ribbon or fabric are bonded together, they form a single electrical conductor of predetermined dimensions and resistivity, relative to a unit of the length of the ribbon or fabric. The heating elements are washable, stuck z. B. fibers in a fabric bag as metal or polymer, which is also washable. Advantageously, a silver metal mesh is used, which acts antibacterial and thus can be used particularly advantageously in the medical field. The heating elements are flexible, do not wear very strong and are inexpensive to produce.

Furthermore, in a non-electrically conductive textile

Carrier material electrically conductive polymer fibers, filaments and / or strand incorporated and thus there is a planar arrangement of electrical conductors and / or conductors. On this arrangement, the conductive polymer fibers on the textile substrate, an electrically conductive polymer tape is arranged and fixed conductively. As a result, a planar heating element is created which in mass production z. B. can be made on looms and can also be available by the meter or in ready-made sizes. The tapes can not only rectilinear but also as Meanders are laid. In the corner area is achieved by folding the direction change of the bands. The overlying bands have the same heat development at these corners as on the rectilinear areas, since the band is directly and not mutually isolated and thus there is no double heating effect and the effective conductor area is not increased. Individual bands can be arranged on a surface arranged via common conductors.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention for the polymer tape or polymer fabric are shown in claims 2 to 16. The polymer tape or polymer fabric undergoes a development according to claim 2, by the yarn is processed and used to twist to a variety of structures. As a result, it is possible in particular to influence the strength of the polymer strip or of the polymer fabric. Indirectly, this also affects the heating output. According to claim 3 electrically conductive cords or string from the

Base materials are produced, which can withstand a much greater mechanical stress. According to claim 4, the polymer tape is a knitted tape, which may have different structures through the use of yarn, twine or cords, this according to the necessary conditions of use. In the developments according to claim 5 to 7 different woven tapes are described, which are adapted to appropriate practical applications, such. B. elastic heating bands. The development according to claim 8 relates to a textile character of the polymer bands or polymer fabric created electrical contact solution, which has only a small height and thus serves the planar design. According to claim 9, a special planar solution is proposed for a heating wallpaper. In the development according to claim 10 are planar

Heating elements proposed, the specific conditions of use, such as As a seat heater for motor vehicle seats meet. According to claim 11, the Heizleiterbahnen can be sewn or embroidered. This provides advantages in the Textilher position in the production of heated clothing. The developments according to claim 12 and 13 represent solutions in which endless rollers can be produced, which can be cut and processed in the end use of the role in the appropriate length. In the development according to claim 14 special previous solutions for the production of a planar polymer cable are utilized. The

Development according to claim 15 represents a solution for the production of a wall or floor heating. The possible shielding, as already mentioned in claim 14, consisting of a fabric of metal wires or a fabric of electrically conductive polymer fibers, filaments and / or stranded wire, can be connected to a reference potential, whereby the cable / heating element is freed from electromagnetic radiation and thus can significantly expand the field of application. According to claim 16, the polymer tape or polymer fabric for any

Voltage, so suitable for DC or AC voltage, the operating voltage does not exceed 48 V, whereby the band for universal energy sources is available and the operating voltage does not exceed a man-friendly range.

Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. FIG. 1.1 shows the section of a yarn consisting of individual electrically conductive fibers, FIG.

2.1 shows the section of a yarn with a fiber core of electrically non-conductive polymer fibers, natural fibers or monofilament fibers and a coating or coating of an electrically conductive material, 2.2 shows the cross-section of a yarn according to FIG. 2.1, FIG. 3.1 shows the section of a fiber with a fiber core of electrically nonconductive polymer fibers and a first coating composition of a silver polymer mixture and a second coating of silver, FIG.

Fig. 3.2 shows the cross-section of a yarn according to Fig. 3.1, Fig. 4.1 shows a side view of a section of plain twine, Fig. 4.2 shows a side view of a section of a double twine, Fig. 4.3 shows a side view of a section of a triple twine,

FIG. 4.4 shows the side view of a section of a quadruple twine, FIG. 5.1 shows the spatial representation of a section of a twine or a twine made of modified polymer fibers and yarn or twine, FIG.

FIG. 5.2 shows the cross section of FIG. 5.1,

Fig. 6.1 is a plan view of a portion of a knitted tape, Fig. 6.2 is a cross-section of a knitted tape made of yarn, Fig. 6.3 is a cross-section of a knitted tape made of yarn and twine, Fig. 6.4 is a cross-section of a knitted tape made of cords, Fig. 7 is a plan view of a Section of a woven band, with a central region with electrically non-conductive warp threads and edge regions with electrically conductive warp threads,

9 is a plan view of a portion of a longitudinally and transversely elastic woven tape with good air permeability,

10.1 shows the top view of a section of a textile contact as a special knit band, FIG. 10.2 shows the basic representation of the contact formation between knit bands and woven bands, FIG. 11 shows the electrical construction of a heating wallpaper with electrical contact representations and without carrier material for a continuous production,

12.1 a sheet-like heating element with an elastic woven tape,

12.2 shows a sheet-like heating element with a woven tape or fabric with holes for a motor vehicle seat heating, FIG. 12.3 shows a sheet-like heating element with printed or embroidered conductor tracks, FIG. 13 shows a sheet-like heating element with carrier material for a continuous production, FIG.

14 shows a variant of a planar heating element in Endlosfer tion, Fig. 15 shows the cross section of a planar polymer cable with shielding and

Fig. 16 is a schematic representation of a planar heating element with insulating layers and shielding. To produce the electrically conductive polymer bands or the polymer fabric 7 yarns 2 are used, which consist of individual fibers 1. These fibers 1 of the yarns 2 of the polymer tape or polymer fabric 7 may consist of electrically conductive carbon fibers Ia with a proportion of 92 to 99% carbon and / or electrically conductive, modified polymer carbon fibers Ib and / or electrically conductive modified polymer silver carbon fibers Ic and / or electrically nonconductive polymer fibers Id or natural fibers Id or monofilament fibers Id and / or electrically conductive, metal-modified polymer fibers If and / or electrically non-conductive polymer fibers Id or natural fibers Id or monofilament fibers Id with a coating composition of a carbon-dust polymer mixture Ie with up to 30% carbon dust and the remainder polyamide and / or a coating composition of a silver-carbon dust polymer mixture Ie with up to 25% carbon dust and up to 5% silver and the balance polyamide and / or a coating composition of a silver Polymer Mixture Ig, consisting of 5 to 70% silver and the remainder of polyamide 6.6. and / or a silver coating or other metal coating of electrically highly conductive metal Ih with up to 99% silver. The electrically nonconductive polymer fibers Id or natural fibers Id or monofilament fibers Id can also be formed as elastic fibers Ii. Various yarns and fibers 2 are shown in FIGS. 1.1 to 3.2

The yarns 2 may be made into twines IF to nF. A simple twist IF of yarn 2 is z. B. of two electrically conductive, metal-modifizier th polymer fibers If. A yarn 2F of two yarns 2 consists z. B. from two electrically conductive, metal-modifizier th polymer fibers If or polymer fibers If simple or

Polymer fibers If twofold 2F. A triple thread 3F consists of a yarn 2 of three electrically conductive, metal-modifizier th polymer fibers If or polymer fibers If simple or polymer If fibers as twofold 2F or multiple fibers Id. A fourfold yarn 4F consists of a yarn 2 from four electrically conductive, metal-modified polymer fibers If or polymer fibers If simple or polymer fibers If as twisted triple 3F. Similarly, there are twisted nF, th of a yarn 2 from n-times electrically conductive, metallic-modifizier th

Polymer fibers If exists. Corresponding yarns IF to 4F are shown in FIGS. 4.1 to 4.4.

Even stronger electrically conductive cords 3 or twines 3 than twines IF to 4F may consist of yarns 2 of fibers Ia, Ib, Ic and / or If braided by means of fibers Ic, If or twine IF, 2F, 3F to nF, see FIGS. 5.1 and 5.2.

In the electrically conductive polymer bands or

Polymer fabric 7, there are a variety of variants in Structure of these bands. An electrically conductive knit tape 4 or electrically conductive knitted fabric 4 consists of yarn 2 with fibers Ib, Ic, Id and / or twisted yarn IF, 2F, 3F as the warp yarn 5 and the same yarns 2 as weft yarn 6. In this case there are knitting yarns 4a made of yarn 2, Knitted tapes 4b of yarn 2 and twine IF, 2F, 3F, 4F, nF and tapes 4c made of cords 3. The different structure of the tapes 4 can be seen from the figures 6.2 to 6.4. These different structures are selected according to the fields of application.

A further variant is the electrically conductive weaving tapes 7, see Figure 7. These weaving tapes 7 consist of warp threads 5 of yarn 2 and the yarn 2 of electrically non-conductive polymer fibers Id or natural fibers Id or monofilament Id exist. In each case, right and left on the edge of the woven tapes 7 warp threads 5 of yarn 2 or twisted yarn 3F, 4F or cords 3 of electrically conductive fibers Ia, Ib, Ic, If are arranged. The weft threads 6 consist alternately of yarn 2 of electrically non-conducting fibers Id and of yarn 2 of electrically conductive fibers Ia, Ib, Ic, If.

A variant of the woven tapes 7, as shown in Figure 8, represent the elastic woven tapes 8. These electrically conductive, elastic woven tapes 8 consist of warp threads 5 made of elastic fibers Ii and electrically conductive fibers Ia, Ib, Ic, If, yarns 2 or twisted yarns 3F, 4F or cords 3. The edges of the weaving tapes 8 are made of stretchable or non-stretchable selvedges 9 made of electrically non-conductive fibers Id. The weft threads 6 meander always oscillate between two adjacent warp threads 5 and consist of electrically non-conductive fibers Id and electrically non-conductive yarns 2, 3F, 4F or cords 3. It can also be performed vice versa that the Warp threads 5 made of elastic fibers Ii and electrically non-conducting fibers Id, yarns 2 or twisted 3F, 4F or cords 3 and the weft threads 6 made of electrically conductive fibers Ia, Ib, Ic, If and from electrically conductive yarns 2, twisting 3F, 4F or cords 3 exist. Due to the construction of the woven tapes 8, the expansion in width can be up to 7% and in length up to 70%. In a structure of the woven tapes 8 without elastic fibers Ii is no elasticity of the woven tapes 8 give.

In a further variant of the elastic woven tapes 8, as shown in Figure 9, which in the longitudinal direction (up to 70%) and in the transverse direction (up to 30%) have greater elasticity and are well air-permeable through many air meshes, these consist of electrically non-conductive Warp threads 5 and elastic fibers Ii and additionally of electrically conductive warp threads 5 of electrically conductive yarns 2 and twisted 3F, 4F or cords 3, said electrically conductive warp threads 5 meander between adjacent electrically non-conductive warp threads 5. These woven tapes 8 have weft threads 6 and right and left as edge stretchable selvages 9 of non-conductive fibers Id.

For the electrical contact on the polymer tape or polymer fabric 7, an electrically conductive textile contact 10 is provided in the form of a knitted tape 4, which according to the constructive solution at certain intervals reinforcing points with a very good electrical

Has conductivity. In addition, an electrically conductive paste may be applied at these points, or a silver plating may be present. For silver, other good electrical conductor materials can be used. The textile contact 10 is sewn by means of electrically non-conductive yarn 2 or twine 2F, 3F on the carrier material as knit tape 4 or woven tape 7, 8, see Figure 10.1 and 10.2. The impact bands 4 have been developed mainly to solve contact problems. A special application of the polymer tape or the polymer fabric 7 is the heating wallpaper 11. The heating wallpaper 11 is formed so that right and left at the edge electrically conductive warp threads 5 are arranged band-shaped and between these band-shaped warp threads 5 electrically conductive fibers Ia, Ib, Ic, If lie as weft threads 6. At the band-shaped warp threads 5 opposite effective bands 4 are arranged with textile contacts 10 at certain intervals. Thus, there are always repetitive sections, as can be seen from Figure 11. This allows continuous production and cutting to any length.

FIGS. 12.1 to 12.3 show examples of different heating surfaces according to the invention. On a preferably textile substrate 13 weave bands 7, 8 are applied, which have at the opposite ends of effective bands 4 as contact bands. Depending on the embodiment, the woven tapes 7, 8 have air meshes or holes 14 or apertures 14. On the topmost covering layer of these heating surfaces can be an epoxy resin lacquer layer or

Polymer layer may be applied. The illustrated variant in Figure 12.2 provides z. B. is a seat heating for a motor vehicle.

In the variant illustrated in FIG. 12.3, printed conductors of electrically conductive yarns 2, cords 3 or twines 2F to nF are sewn or embroidered on a textile carrier material and the printed conductors are combined at their beginnings and their ends and connected to knitted tapes 4 as contact bands.

As shown in FIG. 13, electrically conductive active bands 4 or electrically conductive strand 15 can be applied on the carrier material 13 in the longitudinal direction on the right and left at the edge and in the middle. Between the lying on the edge bands 4 or the strand 15 and in the Center lying bands 4 are provided by points with a textile contact 10 or a metallic contact 16 meandering arranged electrically conductive yarns 2, cords 3 or twines 2F to nF or impact tapes 4. These heating surfaces can be manufactured as endless belts and are very easy to separate in the required length.

The variant of a heating surface shown in Figure 14 on a preferably textile substrate 13 has in the longitudinal direction respectively right and left on the edge electrically conductive tapes 4 or electrically conductive wire 15. At intervals electrically conductive tapes 4 or tapes 7, 8 lying between the edge Knitted bands 4 connected by textile contacts 10 or metallic contacts 16. Also in this case, an endless production and the processing of the role is possible.

Planar polymer cables 19, as shown in Figure 15, have the following structure. An electrically conductive, multiple active tape 4 is provided with an insulating layer 18, in which a shield 17 may be embedded from a metal mesh or an electrically conductive polymer mesh. These polymer cables 19 are used in a wide variety of applications of the polymer bands and the fabric 7 their use.

The polymer bands, polymer mesh 7 or heating surfaces are applied to DC or AC voltage. An operating voltage of maximum 48V is advantageous here. Thus, people in case of damage or damage to the system are not at risk. However, it is also conceivable to use up to 400V. For this purpose, the heating surfaces, as shown in Figure 16, but be equipped with shields. The structure can be executed in the following. Impact bands 4 and / or woven bands 7, 8, possibly on carrier material 13, are provided on a planar insulation layer 18 applied, applied and covered with an insulating layer 18. A shield 17 with a further insulation layer 18 can follow this insulation layer 18.

In the method for producing a planar heating element 13 electrically conductive fibers Ia, Ib, Ic, Ie, If, Ig, Ih or impact tapes 4 or woven tapes 7, 8 are arranged and fixed on a non-conductive textile substrate 13, wherein the impact tapes 4 and woven tapes 7, 8 are prefabricated by weaving technique, knitting technique or sewing technique. The attachment to the substrate 13 can be done in a variety of ways by gluing, weaving, sewing, embroidering or other known methods.

Compilation of the reference numerals

I - fiber

Ia - carbon fiber

Ib - polymer carbon fiber Ic - polymer silver carbon fiber

Id - polymer fiber, natural fiber, monofilament fiber

Ie - Carbon - Polymer Mixture, Carbon - Silver -

Polymer mixture

If - metallic modified polymer fiber Ig - silver - polymer blend, metallic modified

Polymer mixture

Ih - silver coating, metal coating

Ii - elastic fiber

IF, 2F, 3F, 4F, nF - twist 2 - yarn

3 - strings, twine

4 - knitted tape, knitted fabric 4a - knitted tape made of yarn

4b - Twine and Twisted Thimble 4c - Thong Twine

5 - warp thread

6 - weft

7 - Woven tape, fabrics, polymer fabrics

8 - elastic woven band 9 - selvage made of polymer fiber, natural fiber 10 - textile contact

II - Heating wallpaper

12 - heating element

12a - Heating element with ribbons and elastic woven ribbons 12b - Heating element with woven ribbons, fabric heating element

12c - heating element sewn or embroidered

13 - carrier material

14 hole, breakthrough

15 - wire 16 - metallic contact 17 - shielding - Insulation layer - polymer cable

Claims

Claims:

1. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric based on electrically conductive polymer fibers, yarns, threads and cords for laminar heating elements, heating fabric and the like, characterized in that individual fibers (1) of the yarns (2) of the polymer tape or polymer fabric (7) of electrically conductive carbon fibers (Ia) and / or electrically conductive, modified polymer carbon fibers (Ib) and / or electrically conductive, modified

Polymer silver carbon fibers (Ic) and / or electrically non-conductive polymer fibers (Id) or natural fibers (Id) or monofilament fibers (Id) and / or electrically conductive, metal-modifizier th polymer fibers (If) and / or electrically non-conductive polymer fibers (Id ) or natural fibers (Id) or monofilament fibers (Id) with a coating composition of a coal dust-polymer mixture (Ie) and / or a coating composition of a silver-carbon-dust polymer mixture (Ie) and / or a coating composition of a silver Polymer mixture (Ig) and / or a silver coating (Ih) exist, wherein the electrically non-conductive polymer fibers (Id) or natural fibers (Id) or monofilament fibers (Id) can be formed as elastic fibers (Ii).

2. Electroconductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that twine (IF) of yarn (2) consists of two electrically conductive, metal-modifizier th polymer fibers (If), or twisted yarn (2F) of two yarns (2), of two electrically conductive, metal-modified polymer fibers (If) or of polymer fibers (If) single or polymer fibers (If) as twisted twofold (2F), or twine (3F) of one yarn (2) of three electrically conductive, metal-modified polymer fibers (If) or polymer fibers (If) single or polymer fibers (If) as twisted twofold (2F) or multiple fibers (Id), or twine (4F) from a yarn (2) made of four electrically conductive, metallic-modifizier th

Polymer fibers (If) or polymer fibers (If) simple or polymer fibers (If) as twisted triple (3F) or twisted yarn (nF) from a yarn (2) of n-fold electrically conductive, metal-modifizier th polymer fibers (If) exist.

3. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that consist of yarns (2) made of fibers (Ia, Ib, Ic, If) electrically conductive cords (3) or twine (3), which by means of fibers (Ic , If) or twisting (IF, 2F, 3F to nF) are braided.

4. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrically conductive knit tapes (4) or electrically conductive knitted fabric (4) with yarn (2) made of fibers (Ib, Ic, Id) and / or twisted yarn (IF, 2F, 3F) as a warp thread (5) and identical yarns (2) as a weft thread (6), wherein knit tapes (4a) of yarn (2), knit tapes (4b) of yarn (2) and twine (IF, 2F, 3F , 4F, nF) and tapes (4c) made of cords (3) have a different structure according to the materials used.

5. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrically conductive woven tapes (7) of warp threads (5) made of yarn (2) of electrically non-conductive polymer fibers (Id) or natural fibers (Id) or monofilament fibers (Id) consist and these woven tapes (7) each have warp threads (5) of yarn (2) or twisted yarn (3F, 4F) or cords (3) of electrically conductive fibers (Ia, Ib, Ic, If) on the right and left margins and of weft threads (6) consist alternately of yarn (2) of electrically non-conductive fibers (Id) and of yarn (2) of electrically conductive fibers (Ia, Ib, Ic, If).

Electroconductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrically conductive elastic woven tapes (8) of warp threads (5) of elastic fibers (Ii) and electrically conductive fibers (Ia, Ib, Ic, If), yarns (2) or ply (3F, 4F) or cords (3), the edges of the woven tapes (8) are made of stretchable or non-stretchable selvages (9) of electrically non-conductive fibers (Id) and weft threads (6) meander Shaped always between two adjacent warp threads (5) and made of electrically non-conductive fibers (Id) and electrically non-conductive yarns (2), twist (3F, 4F) or cords (3) or the warp threads (5) made of elastic fibers (Ii ) and electrically non-conductive fibers (Id), yarns (2) or twines (3F, 4F) or cords (3) and the weft threads (6) of electrically conductive fibers (Ia, Ib, Ic, If) and electrically conductive yarns ( 2), Zw (3F, 4F) or strings (3).

7. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrically conductive, elastic woven tapes (8) which are elastic in the longitudinal and transverse directions and are well air-permeable by many air meshes, from electrically non-conductive warp threads (5) and from elastic fibers (Ii) and additionally of electrically conductive warp threads (5) of electrically conductive yarns (2) and twisted yarns (3F, 4F) or Lacing (3), said electrically conductive warp threads (5) meander between adjacent electrically non-conductive warp threads (5) and these weaving bands (8) weft threads (6) and right and left edge stretchable selvages (9) of non-conductive fibers ( Id).

8. Electroconductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u c h e c e n e z e c h e n e, that for the electrical contact on the polymer tape or

Polymer fabric (7) as an electrically conductive textile contact (10) a knitted tape (4) is provided, which has according to the constructive solution at certain intervals reinforcing points with a very good electrical conductivity and at these points additionally an electrically conductive paste may be applied or a galvanic Coating with silver or other electrically highly conductive metals is present and textile contact

(10) by means of electrically non-conductive yarn (2) or twisted yarn (2F, 3F) on the carrier material as knit tape (4) or woven tape (7, 8) is sewn.

9. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer tape or polymer fabric (7) as a heating wallpaper

(11) is formed by right and left at the edge electrically conductive warp threads (5) are arranged band-shaped and between these band-shaped warp threads (5) electrically conductive fibers (Ia, Ib, Ic, If) as weft threads (6) and the band-shaped Warp threads (5) are arranged at certain intervals opposite the active bands (4) with textile contacts (10).

10. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that woven tapes (7, 8) are applied to a preferably textile carrier material (13), which at the opposite ends have tapes (4) as contact strips and the woven tapes (7 , 8) depending on the embodiment, have air meshes or holes (14) or openings (14) and thus form a sheet-like heating element (12), it being possible to apply an epoxy resin coating layer or polymer layer as the uppermost covering layer.

11. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on a textile substrate (13) conductor tracks of electrically conductive yarns (2), cords (3) or ply (2F to nF) are sewn or embroidered and the conductor tracks are summarized at their beginnings and their ends and with tapes (4) as

Contact bands are connected and thus form a planar heating element.

12. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that applied on a preferably textile substrate (13) in the longitudinal direction respectively right and left at the edge and in the middle electrically conductive tapes (4) or electrically conductive wire (15) are / and between the lying on the edge bands (4) or the strand (15) to the middle lying tapes (4) of points with a textile contact (10) or a metallic contact (16) meandering arranged electrically conductive yarns ( 2), cords (3) or twines (2F to nF) or knit tapes (4) are provided.

13. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on a preferably textile support material (13) in the longitudinal direction respectively right and left at the edge electrically conductive tapes (4) or electrically conductive wire (15) are applied / is and at intervals electrically conductive tapes (4) or woven tapes (7, 8) between the edge bands lying on the edge (4) by means of textile contacts (10) or metallic contacts (16) are applied and connected.

14. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrically conductive, multiple active tape (4) is provided with an insulating layer (18) in which a shield (17) of a metal mesh or an electrically conductive polymer mesh embedded may be, and thus forms a sheet-like polymer cable (19).

15. Electroconductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on a planar insulating layer (18)

Woven tapes (4), woven tapes (7, 8), these possibly on carrier material (13) applied, placed and covered with an insulating layer (18), said over this insulating layer (18) still a shield (17) with a further insulating layer ( 18) may follow, thus forming a planar heating element.

16. Electrically conductive polymer tape and polymer fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer tape or polymer fabric (7) is applied to DC or AC voltage, wherein the operating voltage in embodiments without insulation (18) and shield (17) does not exceed 48 V and For versions with insulation (18) and shield (18) up to 400 V is possible.

17. A method for producing a planar heating element, characterized in that on a non-conductive textile support material (13) electrically conductive fibers (Ia, Ib, Ic, Ie, If, Ig, Ih) or impact tapes (4) or woven tapes (7, 8 ) are arranged and fixed, wherein the knit bands (4) and woven tapes (7, 8) are prefabricated by weaving technique.