DE202009003858U1 - Thermometers - Google Patents

Abstract

Heating fabric from weft and warp threads, wherein
a part of the weft threads and / or warp threads consists of flexible carbon black filled conductive fibers (3) and / or of flexible conductive carbon fibers and / or of flexible synthetic-based or cellulose-based synthetic fibers each having incorporated electrically conductive particles which fulfill the heating function,
a further part of the weft threads and / or warp threads made of flexible synthetic fibers (2, 4), which fulfill a supporting function in the tissue and
for energy supply, a third part of the weft threads and / or warp threads of metal threads (5), which are coupled to a power source.

Description

The The invention relates to an electrical energy-operated heating fabric, that both for clothing and for Insulations in the commercial sector is applicable and also to sensory detection of moisture should be usable.

A sheet for the electric heating of artificial turf, tarpaulins, wall and ceiling fabrics, floor coverings and carpets and pipes is from the DE 1 943 007 A known. The sheet contains an insulating layer of polyvinyl chloride flexible foam with closed pores as an insulating layer, a fabric equipped with carbon black of synthetic fibers, which is electrically conductive and at the edge of copper strands as PTC thermistors, an aluminum foil with cast polyethylene film and a cover layer of a textile or textile-like fabrics and can be heated to a temperature of 10 ° C to 60 ° C with an electrical voltage of 220 volts.

Electrically heating fabric articles are from the EP 1 021 064 B1 known. Here, there is proposed a composite fabric article comprising a fabric layer having an inner surface and an outer surface, a barrier layer positioned adjacent to the inner surface of the fabric layer, and an electric heating / warming element in the form of flexible electricity conductive film disposed on the inner surface of the cloth layer and / or disposed on a surface of the barrier layer, and configured to generate heat when connected to a power source.

The outer one Layer of the barrier layer is at least adjacent attached or secured, and more preferably on the inner surface of the Material layer.

An electric heating fabric is used in the DE 03 251 059 T1 described. The woven fibrous article comprises a woven fibrous body having a quantity of nonconductive warp yarns and a quantity of nonconductive tail or throw yarns, one of the amount of nonconductive warp yarns and the amount of nonconductive tail or throw yarns in one or more yarns a plurality of first regions comprising relatively more coarse yarns and comprising in one or more second regions relatively more fine yarns having electrically conductive elements extending generally along the second region from the woven fibrous body and attached to a plurality of spaced apart electrical conductance Connect heating elements in a parallel circuit with an electric power source, and the other amount of non-conductive warp yarns and the amount of non-conductive tail yarn or yarn in the one or more first areas and in the one or more second B relatively more fine yarns comprising, with the plurality of spaced apart conductive electrical conduction heating elements in the woven fibrous body connected to the other of the amount of non-conductive warp yarns and the amount of non-conductive tail or Yarn yarns are to extend generally between the opposed second regions of the woven fibrous body.

The electrical guiding elements can be woven in or or applied z. B. by stitching, seams, adhesives, by coating or by mechanical fastening. Intended are also conductive yarns that have a core, an electrical conductive filament and wrapped around the core Include material.

A carbon black fiber filled with soot, which produces a uniform infrared heat in textiles at relatively low energy requirements, is offered by Smart Fiber AG under the trade name Smartcel ^™ lyocell functional fiber. (smartcel is a registered trademark of Smart Fiber AG, 07407 Rudolstadt, among others DE 30708365 )

Such Heizfilamente with the ingredients 50% cellulose and 50% Leitruß have z. B. the following properties: single filament 1 tex total denier 150-170 tex (even finer if you prefer) Fineness-based breaking strength 9-10 cN / tex (single fiber) 60-70 mN / tex (filament) strain 14-15% (single fiber) 6.5-7.5% (filament) colour deep black specific electrical volume resistance after hydrothermal tempering at 130 ° C 0.4-0.5 Ω cm Electrical length resistance after hydrothermal tempering 40-55 kΩ / m

The Operating voltage can be in the range of 12 to 230 volts.

It It has been found that the heating fabrics have the following disadvantages. For curved cuts is the power supply to the heating filaments due to the parallel current supplying Ladder can not be realized on a larger scale, at higher levels Voltages is a problem with electric shock isolation and with increasing surface area is the uniformity the warming of the total area no longer exists. Furthermore, it is necessary for fabrics with carbon fibers, this through Stabilize coatings, allowing flexibility and the air and moisture permeability lost walk.

task The invention is to remedy these deficiencies and in particular to provide a heating fabric that works high flexibility, can be cut to size and is Needs a good air and moisture permeability having.

Solved This object is achieved with the features of claim 1, advantageous Embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

At the Heating fabric according to the invention from weft and warp threads is provided that a part of the weft threads and / or Warp threads made of flexible soot-filled consists of conductive cellulose fibers and / or of flexible conductive carbon fibers and / or flexible conductive Synthetic or cellulose-based synthetic fibers each with embedded electrically conductive particles, these Fibers that fulfill the heating function, another part the weft threads and / or warp threads of flexible synthetic and / or natural fibers, which fulfill a supporting function in the tissue and Energieeinpeisung a third part of the weft threads and / or Warp threads consisting of metal threads that with a Power source are coupled.

Around to ensure that the tissue is highly flexible has and good electrical contact between the heating filaments and the thread feeding the energy, is provided that the, the flexible soot filled conductive cellulosic fibers and / or the flexible conductive ones Carbon fibers and / or the flexible conductive chemical fibers Synthetic or cellulose-based fibers / fibers crossing in the fabric, in particular the filaments for energy supply, in the cellulose fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or man-made fibers partially pressed are. This is preferably done with a circumferential section of 50-20% the extent of the threads / fibers that make up the cellulose fibers and / or the carbon fibers and / or the flexible conductive ones Synthetic-based or cellulose-based synthetic fibers in the tissue cross.

Further It has been shown that it is both in terms of flexibility as well as the optimal energy introduction is advantageous if the Weft yarns and / or warp yarns serving for supplying energy consist of only one ladder, but as a bundle of juxtaposed Weft threads or warp threads are arranged, wherein a bundle of preferably 6-72 individual wires consists.

The Ends of the weft threads serving for the energy supply or warp threads are preferred in the edge region of the fabric electrical conductors connected to the power supply. It is in the aspect of uniformity the heat development of the heating fabric as appropriate proven when along the fabric edge spaced feed contacts arranged for the electric power supply are.

The contacting of the ends of the weft threads or warp threads serving for supplying energy with the conductors to be supplied with current can be tailored by different, to the respective application ne solutions are guaranteed.

So is provided in a variant that weft and warp threads bordered in the edge region of the fabric, wherein the enclosure inwandig has one or more electrical conductors, the Bordered with the ends of the weft yarns used for energy supply or warp threads are connected and over which the Power supply takes place.

at Another embodiment provides that the or one or more sections of the fabric edge by means of one or more a plurality of electrical conductors are formed gekettelt, wherein between the ends of the weft yarns used for energy supply or warp threads and the one or more warp threads electrically conductive connection is made.

Instead of Ketteln is also a stitching or embroidery possible.

to Ensuring the required slip resistance of the Tissue and / or for electrical isolation purposes (the operating voltage can also go beyond 230 V into the machine flow range rich) may be a coating or lamination of the fabric as be provided whole or in sections. In the low-current range It has been proven if the coating or lamination includes only the tissue area in which serving for energy supply Weft or warp threads are arranged.

• – die Leinwandbindung,
• – die Körperbindung,
• – die Atlasbindung oder
• – deren Ableitungen.

For maximum crossing of the thread systems in warp and weft are used as bonds preferred

• - the plain weave,
• - the body bond,
• - the satin weave or
• - their derivatives.

Especially even with an open tissue structure, the bonds have the Dreherbindungen or the Ajourbindung proven.

In A further advantageous embodiment provides that the fabric is double-layered. Here should be in a fabric layer weft threads and in the other fabric layer Warp threads are used for energy supply.

At Exemplary embodiments, the heating fabric and its use be explained in more detail. Show it

1 schematic representation of the heating fabric,

2 a crosshairs with a cellulose fiber,

3 intersecting bundles of energy feeds,

4 the application with a glove and

5 a pipe insulation.

1 shows a schematic representation of the heating fabric 1 with weft threads 2 and warp threads 4 made of synthetic fibers. In the heating fabric 1 are in this embodiment as filaments soot-filled cellulose fibers 3 arranged as weft threads.

The Number of shots (the heating filaments) thus represents an indication how much conductive fibers are woven into the fabric, and can thus be the basis for the design of the heating power to be the tissue.

It is also shown that for energy supply warp threads 5.1 - 5.4 are provided. These warp threads 5.1 - 5.4 are arranged as a bundle of adjacent warp threads, wherein a bundle here consists of 4 individual wires that a strand-shaped conductor 7 come from, which is connected to a power source for the power supply. Analogously, the second bundle is with the current-carrying conductor 8th arranged and trained.

In a detailed view shows 2 in that, the flexible soot-filled conductive cellulosic fibers 3 In the fabric crossing threads / fibers, in particular the warp threads 5.1 - 5.4 for energy input, in the cellulose fibers 3 partially indented. The impressions in the cellulose fibers 3 comprises a peripheral portion of 50-20% of the circumference of the warp threads 5.1 - 5.4 containing the cellulose fibers 3 cross.

In 3 In the case of intersecting bundles of weft threads and warp yarns of different polarity serving for energy supply, it is shown that one bundle skips over the other bundle in the tissue, preferably with an insulating layer between the crossing surfaces.

This principle is also used in double-layered fabrics, with weft threads in a double-layered fabric in a fabric layer 6.1-n and in the other fabric layer warp threads 5.1 n used for energy supply.

In 4 is the application of the heating fabric 1 shown in a glove, wherein the energy supply via the arranged in the outer finger area fabric edges by means of gekettelter electrical conductor 7 . 8th or facing 9 ,

The possibilities of connecting the ends of the energy supply serving weft or warp strands to an electrical conductor is effected by a mount 9 or by linked ladder 7 . 8th , This is shown in the detail views, which are used alternatively.

Possible It is also that the connection of the ends of the energy feed serving weft or warp strands on one electrical conductor by sewing or embroidery takes place.

5 shows in (a) as the prior art a linearly arranged heating cable 11 for Rohrbegleitheizung and in (b) an inventive heating fabric 1 ,

consequences the linear, belonging to the prior art, pipe heating (a) are "cold" and "warm" tube halves and thus an undefined heat distribution, condensate formation and one-sided heat radiation.

Due to the full-surface coating of the pipe surface (b) with the proposed heating fabric ( 1 ) a homogeneous heat distribution is achieved, the pipe cross-section is fully heated, condensation cores are avoided and it is a drying of moisture at temperature below guaranteed. The necessary energy requirement is reduced compared to a linear heating cable arrangement when using the Heizgewebes 1 up to 1/10.

1

Thermometers

2

wefts made of synthetic fibers

3

wefts from carbon black filled fibers

4

warp made of synthetic fibers

5.1 n

bunch of warp threads for energy supply

6.1-n

bunch of weft threads for energy input

7

electrical ladder

8th

electrical ladder

9

mount

10

Coating / insulating layer

11

heating cables (State of the art)

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 1943007 A [0002]
• - EP 1021064 B1 [0003]
• - DE 03251059 T1 [0005]
• - DE 30708365 [0007]

Claims (18)

Heating fabric of weft and warp threads, wherein a part of the weft threads and / or warp threads of flexible carbon black-filled conductive fibers ( 3 ) and / or of flexible conductive carbon fibers and / or of flexible synthetic-based or cellulose-based synthetic fibers, each with incorporated electrically conductive particles which fulfill the heating function, another part of the weft threads and / or warp threads of flexible synthetic fibers ( 2 . 4 ), which fulfill a supporting function in the fabric and for energy supply a third part of the weft threads and / or warp threads of metal threads ( 5 ) which are coupled to a power source. Heating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible soot-filled conductive cellulose fibers ( 3 ) and / or the flexible conductive carbon fibers and / or the flexible synthetic-based or cellulose-based synthetic fibers, in each case with embedded electrically conductive particles in the tissue crossing fibers / threads ( 2 . 4 . 5 . 6 ) especially the threads ( 5 . 6 ) for energy input, into the cellulose fibers ( 3 ) and / or the conductive carbon fibers and / or the conductive chemical fibers are partially pressed. Heating fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that the impressions into the cellulose fibers ( 3 ) and / or the conductive carbon fibers and / or the conductive chemical fibers have a peripheral portion of 50-20% of the circumference of the fibers / threads ( 4 . 5 ) containing the cellulose fibers ( 3 ) and / or crossing the conductive carbon fibers and / or the conductive chemical fibers. Heating fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the weft threads and / or warp threads serving for supplying energy ( 5 . 6 ) as a bundle ( 5.1 n . 6.1-n ) juxtaposed weft threads or warp threads are arranged, wherein a bundle ( 5.1 n or 6.1-n ) consists of preferably 6-72 individual wires. Heating fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that in intersecting bundles ( 5.1 n . 6.1-n ) of weft threads and warp threads of different polarity serving for energy supply, a bundle skips the other bundle in the fabric, preferably with an insulating layer ( 10 ) between the crossing surfaces. Heating fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ends of the weft threads or warp threads serving for supplying energy ( 5.1 n . 6.1-n ) in the edge region of the tissue with electrical conductors ( 7 . 8th ) are connected to the power supply. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that spaced along the fabric edge Infeed contacts for the electrical power supply are arranged. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that weft and warp threads ( 2 - 6 ) are bordered in the edge region of the fabric, wherein the enclosure ( 9 ) inwandig one or more electrical conductors ( 7 . 8th ), which when bordered with the ends of the weft threads or warp threads ( 5.1 n . 6.1-n ) are connected and via which the power supply takes place. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the or one or more sections of the fabric edge by means of one or more electrical conductors ( 7 . 8th ), wherein an electrically conductive connection is produced between the ends of the weft threads or warp threads and / or the warp threads serving for energy supply. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the or one or more sections of the fabric edge by means of one or more electrical conductors ( 7 . 8th ) are sewn or embroidered, wherein between the ends of the weft yarns or warp threads serving for the energy supply and the or the sewing or embroidery threads or an electrically conductive connection is made. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that to ensure the required slip resistance of the fabric and / or for electrical insulation purposes, a coating ( 10 ) or lamination of the fabric as a whole or in sections is provided. Heating fabric according to claim 11, characterized in that the coating ( 10 ) or lamination comprises the area of tissue in which the weft or warp threads serving for feeding energy are arranged. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that for maximum crossing the thread systems in warp and weft preferably used as bonds are - plain weave, - body bond, - satin weave or - their derivatives. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that to ensure the required slip resistance and air permeability of the tissue even with an open tissue structure as bonds the leno weave or the ajour weave are used. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the fabric executed double-layered is. Heating fabric according to claim 15, characterized in that in a double-layered fabric in a fabric layer weft threads ( 6.1-n ) and in the other fabric layer warp threads ( 5.1 n ) are used for energy supply. Use of the heating fabric in a glove, in which a power supply via linked, sewn or embroidered electrical conductors ( 7 . 8th ) or borders ( 9 ) takes place in the outer finger area. Use of the heating fabric for antifreeze clothing or condensate avoidance and drying or for temperature maintenance and / or temperature increase in containers of any shape and piping by the heating fabric ( 1 ) is arranged over its entire surface on the surface.