CN210034261U - Three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative Poisson ratio characteristic - Google Patents
Three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative Poisson ratio characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN210034261U CN210034261U CN201920378250.7U CN201920378250U CN210034261U CN 210034261 U CN210034261 U CN 210034261U CN 201920378250 U CN201920378250 U CN 201920378250U CN 210034261 U CN210034261 U CN 210034261U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson ratio characteristic, periodically arrange through single cell body on three-dimensional space and constitute, wherein single cell body is formed by the mutual quadrature connection of a pair of the same heterotypic quadrangle cellular structure. The single cell body and the adjacent cell body are mutually aligned and tightly connected in the Z direction through a straight rib structure; the X direction and the Y direction are mutually parallel and closely connected in an aligned mode through the arc rib structures. When the Z direction of the three-dimensional impact-resistant material with the negative Poisson ratio characteristic of the utility model is stretched, the X direction and the Y direction expand; when compressed in the Z direction, the X direction and the Y direction contract. The utility model discloses a three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic can regard as buffer material to use car automobile body, buffer isotructure, has improved impact toughness and compressive capacity greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a material science technical field especially relates to a three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic.
Background
Generally, a test piece of material is subjected to a longitudinal tensile test in which it contracts in the axial direction and expands in the axial direction when the test piece of material is compressed. This means that almost all common material specimens have positive poisson's ratio, but there are some structurally specific materials that have negative poisson's ratios, such as: the poisson's ratio of the copper foam is-0.8. The Lakes professor in the end of the last eighties of the last century produced foam materials with negative poisson's characteristics by thermo-mechanical treatment of ordinary foam, which have been increasingly appreciated and developed rapidly due to their peculiar characteristics.
The poisson ratio (v) is formulated as follows:
v＝-εj/εi
wherein epsilonjRepresents the transverse shrinkage strain of the material; epsiloniWhich represents the longitudinal extension strain of the material, i, j are two mutually perpendicular coordinate axes, respectively. Different from common materials, when a negative Poisson ratio material test piece is subjected to a longitudinal tensile test, the axial expansion of the negative Poisson ratio material test piece occurs, and when the material test piece is compressed, the axial contraction of the negative Poisson ratio material test piece occurs. The material with the negative Poisson's ratio has the characteristics different from the common material, so that the physical and mechanical properties of the material are far better than those of the common material in many cases, including the characteristics of impact resistance, fracture resistance, resilience toughness, shear modulus and the like, so that the material has great and wide application value in life.
With the rapid development of society, the living standard of people is greatly improved, automobiles enter thousands of households as a daily transportation tool, and then a large number of accidents of collision and rear-end collision happen.
The patent number CN 103214728A relates to a bionic negative Poisson's ratio material and a preparation method thereof, and the material is designed and prepared based on the microporous structure of natural foam and the principle of generating negative Poisson's ratio. The material is a porous foam structure material prepared from thermoplastic plastics by a screw extruder, the pores are elongated cellular micropores, and the long axes of the elongated cellular micropores are arranged in a manner of diverging symmetrically outwards from a central axis layer by layer along the radial direction. Although the material has the negative poisson ratio characteristic, stress concentration inevitably occurs due to sharp corners in the micropore structure, the shock resistance and the pressure resistance are greatly weakened, and the material is easy to crush and deform when being impacted by a larger load, so that the problem of crushing and deformation of the material when being impacted by the larger load is not solved in the text.
The patent number CN 105965930A relates to a preparation method of an inner hexagonal negative Poisson ratio honeycomb, which comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: gluing, laminating and hot-pressing the raw material base material to obtain a honeycomb laminated block; then stretching and shaping the honeycomb stacked block to obtain an over-stretched white honeycomb block, wherein the cross section of the cells of the over-stretched white honeycomb block is rectangular; the second step is that: performing first impregnation on the over-stretched white honeycomb block prepared in the first step, and performing heat treatment to semi-cure the impregnated glue solution; the third step: compressing the cells of the over-stretched white honeycomb block on a tool rack, wherein the compression is performed on the middle parts of the long sides of the cells, so that the middle parts of the long sides opposite to the cells are bent towards two; the fourth step: and (4) dipping and curing the compressed honeycomb to obtain the inner hexagonal negative poisson ratio honeycomb. Although the concave negative poisson ratio honeycomb is prepared through the steps, the middle parts of the opposite long sides of the cells are bent towards the half, and sharp corners exist, so that the honeycomb is subjected to stress concentration when being subjected to external load, and is easy to crush and deform when being impacted by large load.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic, the material can regard as buffer material to use automobile body, buffer isotructure, has improved impact toughness and compressive capacity greatly.
Realize the utility model discloses the technical solution of purpose does: a three-dimensional impact-resistant material with a negative Poisson ratio characteristic is formed by periodically arranging single cells on a three-dimensional space, wherein the single cells are formed by mutually orthogonally connecting a pair of same special-shaped quadrilateral unit structures, and each special-shaped quadrilateral unit structure is formed by connecting two arc rib structures and two straight rib structures end to end.
Furthermore, the arc rib structures in the special-shaped quadrilateral unit structures are symmetrically arranged around a vertical axis, and the straight rib structures are symmetrically arranged around a horizontal axis.
Furthermore, the arc rib structure is formed by three sections of arc ribs which are alternately convex and concave and have the same diameter and are tangent and smoothly connected, and the arc length of the middle section of the concave arc rib is the sum of the arc lengths of the convex arc ribs at the two ends of the concave arc rib.
Further, each straight rib structure in the single cell body has a rib length equal to the diameter length of a circle corresponding to the arc rib.
Further, the single cell body and the adjacent cell body are closely connected with each other in an aligned mode in the Z direction through a straight rib structure; the arc rib structures of the single cell and the adjacent cell are parallel to each other and closely connected in alignment in the X direction and the Y direction.
Further, the projection shapes of the materials in the X direction and the Y direction are completely the same, and the projection shape of each cell structure is also the same; the projected shape in the Z direction is a square grid connected orthogonally to each other.
The utility model has the advantages as follows:
(1) the material of the utility model has the characteristic of negative Poisson ratio, and when the material is stretched in the Z direction, the material expands in the X direction and the Y direction; when the material is compressed in the Z direction, the material is contracted in the X direction and the Y direction; (2) the material of the utility model can be used as a buffer material to be applied to structures such as automobile bodies, buffers and the like, thereby greatly improving the impact toughness and the compression resistance; (3) the arc rib structure in a single cell body of the material is formed by three sections of arc ribs which are alternately convex and concave and have equal diameters and are tangent and smoothly connected, so that when the Z direction is stretched or compressed, the arc rib structure in the cell body can not generate stress concentration.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the interconnection of a single cell body and an adjacent cell body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional plane structure projected in the X direction or the Y direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional plane structure projected in the Z direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of finite element deformation before and after the compressive load is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The above reference numerals: 1, a straight rib structure and 2, an arc rib structure; 201 a first section of convex arc rib, 202 a second section of concave arc rib and 203 a third section of convex arc rib; l straight rib length, b rib width, t rib thickness.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio, which is formed by connecting adjacent cells through arc rib structures 2 and straight rib structures 1. When the material is stretched in the Z direction, the material expands in the X direction and the Y direction; when compressed in the Z direction, the X direction and the Y direction contract. The arc rib structure 2 in a single cell body of the material is formed by three sections of arc ribs which are alternately convex and concave and have equal diameters and are tangent and smoothly connected, so that when the Z direction is stretched or compressed, the arc rib structure 2 in the cell body does not generate stress concentration.
As shown in figure 2, the single cell body of the material is formed by mutually orthogonally connecting a pair of identical special-shaped quadrilateral unit structures, each special-shaped quadrilateral unit structure is formed by connecting two arc rib structures 2 and two straight rib structures 1 end to end, the arc rib structures 2 are symmetrically arranged about a vertical axis, and the straight rib structures 1 are symmetrically arranged about a horizontal axis. Each arc rib structure 2 in the single cell body of the material is formed by three sections of arc ribs which are alternately convex and concave and have the same diameter and are tangent and smoothly connected, the arc length of the second section of concave arc rib 202 is the sum of the arc lengths of the first section of convex arc rib 201 and the third section of convex arc rib 203, the straight rib length L of each straight rib structure 1 is equal to the diameter length of a circle corresponding to the three sections of arc ribs included in the arc rib structure 2, and the diameters of the circles corresponding to the three sections of arc ribs are also equal. The rib widths b of the curved rib structures 2 and the straight rib structures 1 in a single cell of the material are both twice the rib thickness t.
As shown in fig. 3, the connection between the single cell body and the adjacent cell body in the Z direction is periodic and is closely connected with each other by the straight rib structure 1; the connection in the X direction and the Y direction is also periodic, and the connection mode is that the single cell body and the arc rib structure 2 of the adjacent cell body are mutually parallel and closely connected in alignment. The rib thickness of the two connection modes at the connection position is just equal to the rib width b at 2 t.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the projection shapes of the material in the X direction and the Y direction are completely the same and still have periodicity in a two-dimensional plane, and the projection shape of each cell is also the same; the projected shape in the Z direction is a square grid connected orthogonally to each other.
In order to verify the negative poisson's ratio characteristic, the impact toughness and the pressure resistance of the three-dimensional impact-resistant material with the negative poisson's ratio characteristic provided by the embodiment, a finite element model is established in ANSYS software by using the three-dimensional impact-resistant material with the negative poisson's ratio characteristic provided by the embodiment. In order to better simulate the present embodiment, two entities are designed at the upper and lower ends of the material without affecting the simulation result.
The simulation results are as follows:
as shown in fig. 6, to better compare the finite element deformation of the material structure before and after compressive loading, the structures before and after deformation are purposely put together, the magnitude of the applied compressive load is 10000N, the length L of the straight rib 1 is 42.42mm, the rib thickness 2t of the joint of a single cell body and an adjacent cell body is 2mm, and the rib width b of the cell body is 2mm, wherein the wire frame structure is in the material state before the compressive load is applied, and the solid structure is in the state after the compressive load is applied, it can be found that the closer to the middle part, the more inward contraction deformation is, the material has periodicity in a three-dimensional space and periodicity in a two-dimensional plane, each cell body can uniformly bear external load, and the load resistance, impact toughness and pressure resistance of the material are improved, so that the material is not crushed when being subjected to 10000N of large load.
This example illustrates the structure of a single cell and the periodic arrangement of cells in three-dimensional space of a three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristics. It was confirmed that the negative poisson's ratio characteristic was exhibited by establishing a finite element model in ANSYS software that found the stresses in the structure to be directed along the structure toward the middle of the material, causing the middle of the material to collapse inward. The cell bodies of the material have periodicity in a three-dimensional space, the projection shapes in the X direction and the Y direction are completely the same, the cell bodies still have periodicity in a two-dimensional plane, each cell body can uniformly bear external loads, the load resistance, the impact toughness and the pressure resistance of the material are greatly improved, and the material is not crushed when being subjected to a large load of 10000N.
To sum up, the utility model discloses a three-dimensional shock resistance material with negative poisson ratio characteristic has related to the periodic arrangement mode on three-dimensional space of single cell body and cell body of material, has verified through ANSYS finite element simulation that the material has negative poisson ratio characteristic. Each arc rib structure in the cell body of the material is formed by three sections of arc ribs which are alternately convex and concave and have equal diameters and are tangent and smoothly connected, and when the cell body is stretched or compressed in the Z direction, the arc rib structures in the cell body cannot generate stress concentration, so that the possibility of cracks under load is greatly reduced. The material cell bodies have periodicity in a three-dimensional space, the projection shapes in the X direction and the Y direction are completely the same, the cell bodies still have periodicity in a two-dimensional plane, each cell body can uniformly bear external load, and the load resistance of the material is improved. The material can be used as a buffer material to be applied to structures such as automobile bodies, buffers and the like, and the impact toughness and the pressure resistance are greatly improved.
The objects, main features, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A three-dimensional impact-resistant material having a negative poisson's ratio characteristic, wherein: the cell body is formed by periodically arranging single cell bodies in X, Y and Z three-dimensional space, wherein the single cell body is formed by mutually orthogonally connecting a pair of same special-shaped quadrilateral unit structures, and each special-shaped quadrilateral unit structure is formed by connecting two arc rib structures and two straight rib structures end to end.
2. The three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the arc rib structures in the special-shaped quadrilateral unit structures are symmetrically arranged around a vertical axis, and the straight rib structures are symmetrically arranged around a horizontal axis.
3. The three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the arc rib structure is formed by three sections of arc ribs which are alternately convex and concave and have the same diameter and are tangent and smoothly connected, and the arc length of the middle section of the concave arc rib is the sum of the arc lengths of the convex arc ribs at the two ends of the concave arc rib.
4. The three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic as claimed in claim 3, wherein: each straight rib structure in the single cell body has a rib length equal to the diameter length of a circle corresponding to the circular-arc rib.
5. The three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the single cell body and the adjacent cell body are mutually aligned and tightly connected in the Z direction through a straight rib structure; the arc rib structures of the single cell and the adjacent cell are parallel to each other and closely connected in alignment in the X direction and the Y direction.
6. The three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the projection shapes of the material in the X direction and the Y direction are completely the same, and the projection shape of each cell structure is also the same; the projected shape in the Z direction is a square grid connected orthogonally to each other.
7. The three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the material is stretched in the Z direction, the material expands in the X direction and the Y direction; when compressed in the Z direction, the X direction and the Y direction contract.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920378250.7U CN210034261U (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2019-03-25 | Three-dimensional impact-resistant material with negative Poisson ratio characteristic |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109869431A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-11 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of three-dimensional anti-impact material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic |
| CN112012983A (en) * | 2020-09-12 | 2020-12-01 | 长沙理工大学 | Negative Poisson ratio flexible buffering hydraulic cylinder |
| CN115263958A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Lattice structure with heat transfer and energy absorption and vibration reduction characteristics |
-
2019
- 2019-03-25 CN CN201920378250.7U patent/CN210034261U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109869431A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-11 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of three-dimensional anti-impact material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic |
| CN112012983A (en) * | 2020-09-12 | 2020-12-01 | 长沙理工大学 | Negative Poisson ratio flexible buffering hydraulic cylinder |
| CN115263958A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Lattice structure with heat transfer and energy absorption and vibration reduction characteristics |
| CN115263958B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2024-05-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Dot matrix structure with heat transfer and energy absorption vibration reduction characteristics |
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Granted publication date: 20200207 Termination date: 20210325 |