CN110744873A - 3D printing structure composite material sandwich board with negative Poisson ratio effect and processing method - Google Patents

3D printing structure composite material sandwich board with negative Poisson ratio effect and processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110744873A
CN110744873A CN201911161591.XA CN201911161591A CN110744873A CN 110744873 A CN110744873 A CN 110744873A CN 201911161591 A CN201911161591 A CN 201911161591A CN 110744873 A CN110744873 A CN 110744873A
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negative poisson
surface layer
poisson ratio
rod piece
layer
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王璐
丁腾
刘伟庆
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B32B3/20—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
    • B32B38/1808—Handling of layers or the laminate characterised by the laying up of the layers
    • B32B38/1816—Cross feeding of one or more of the layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0064—Smoothing, polishing, making a glossy surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness

Abstract

The invention discloses a 3D printing structure composite sandwich board with a negative Poisson ratio effect and a processing method thereof, wherein the sandwich board comprises an upper surface layer, a lower surface layer and a middle core material layer; the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are made of composite materials formed by solidifying fiber cloth and resin, the middle core material layer is a negative Poisson ratio structural layer printed through 3D, and the structural layer is bonded with the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer through a bonding agent; the negative Poisson ratio structural layer is formed by connecting an array of negative Poisson ratio units through a middle rod piece, the rod piece is of an inwards concave structure with a negative Poisson ratio effect of expansion and compression, and the cross section of the rod piece is square or circular. The invention can be used as a surface layer of a sandwich structure, plays a role in protecting the core material and improves the overall mechanical property; and can be used as an anti-collision surface course of bridges, buildings and the like. And the upper and lower layers can also be filled with foam to serve as sound insulation plates to realize the effects of sound insulation and sound insulation.

Description

3D printing structure composite material sandwich board with negative Poisson ratio effect and processing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sandwich panel material, in particular to a 3D printing structure composite sandwich panel with a negative Poisson ratio effect and a processing method.
Background
It is generally believed that almost all materials have a positive Poisson's ratio of about 1/3, 1/2 for rubber-like materials, 0.133 for aluminum metal, 0.127 for copper, 0.11-0.14 for typical polymer foams, etc., i.e., the materials shrink in the cross direction when stretched. The negative poisson's ratio effect means that when the material is stretched, the material expands transversely within the elastic range; while under compression, the material shrinks in the transverse direction instead. This phenomenon is thermodynamically possible, but the presence of a negative poisson's ratio effect is not generally observed in materials in general. Some materials with special structures discovered in recent years have a negative poisson ratio effect, and due to the peculiar properties, the materials scientists and physicists pay more attention to the fact that the negative poisson ratio structure can be used as a surface layer of a sandwich structure, and the negative poisson ratio structure plays roles in protecting a core material and improving the mechanical property of the whole structure.
In contrast to typical positive poisson's ratio materials, negative poisson's ratio materials and structures expand laterally under tension and contract laterally under compression. Negative poisson's ratio materials and structures have received extensive attention and research in their unique ways. Experiments prove that the functional material has good mechanical properties including shear resistance, indentation resistance, impact resistance and good energy absorption capacity, and has wide industrial application prospects. The sandwich panel core material in China has no precedent of adopting a negative Poisson ratio material, and the use of the core material is limited to a material with a positive Poisson ratio mainly because the negative Poisson ratio structure is difficult to select and high in processing difficulty, and the negative Poisson ratio structure cannot be obtained in the traditional processing mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a 3D printing structure composite sandwich board with a negative Poisson ratio effect and a processing method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: A3D printing structure composite material sandwich board with a negative Poisson ratio effect comprises an upper surface layer, a lower surface layer and a middle core material layer;
the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are made of composite materials formed by solidifying fiber cloth and resin, the middle core material layer is a negative Poisson ratio structural layer printed through 3D, and the structural layer is bonded with the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer through a bonding agent;
the negative Poisson ratio structural layer is formed by connecting an array of negative Poisson ratio units through a middle rod piece, the rod piece is of an inwards concave structure with a negative Poisson ratio effect of expansion and compression, and the cross section of the rod piece is square or circular;
the radius or the side length r of the rod piece meets the following requirements: r is more than 0.8 mm;
the length L of the rod piece satisfies: l is more than 6 mm;
when the rod piece is in the positive view of the negative Poisson ratio unit, the included angle theta between the rod piece and the longitudinal direction is as follows: theta is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees;
when the rod piece is viewed on the negative Poisson ratio unit, the included angle omega between the rod piece and the longitudinal direction is as follows: omega is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees;
the height of the composite sandwich panel is Y: y ═ 2L cos θ +2a, where a is the thickness of the upper layer and the thickness of the lower layer;
the side length X of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the negative Poisson ratio unit is as follows: x is 2L cos ω sim θ.
Preferably, the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are formed by solidifying fiber cloth and resin by adopting a pultrusion process or a vacuum infusion process. In the pultrusion process, firstly, the continuous fiber cloth impregnated with the resin glue solution is shaped by a forming die under the action of a traction device; and secondly, curing in a curing furnace, and cutting into plates with corresponding sizes.
Preferably, the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are formed by solidifying one of glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth and a resin matrix, the fiber cloth is at least one of biaxial cloth, multiaxial cloth and fiber non-woven cloth, and the resin is at least one of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, phenolic resin or vinyl ester.
Preferably, the adhesive is an epoxy resin two-component AB adhesive, wherein A: B is 3: 1.
Preferably, the bonding surfaces of the upper and lower layers should be polished.
The negative Poisson ratio unit forms the negative Poisson ratio effect with expansion and compression through the structure form that the rod piece is concave, the structure is a rod piece structure, the cross section of the rod piece can be square or round, the square cross section is used in the embodiment, and the rod piece structure form is simple, saves more materials and has higher strength. The negative Poisson ratio structure is connected through the array of the negative Poisson ratio units and the middle pull rod to increase the integrity, and the structure forms an integral negative Poisson ratio effect through connecting and transferring loads, so that the structure has better shock resistance. The 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a technique of constructing an object by printing layer by layer using an adhesive material such as powdered metal or plastic based on a digital model file.
The design method of the 3D printing structure composite material sandwich board with the negative Poisson ratio effect comprises the following steps:
1) determining the length, the diameter and the arrangement angle of a rod piece connected with the negative Poisson ratio unit, and determining the size and the height of the negative Poisson ratio unit according to the size of the selected rod piece;
2) designing a single negative Poisson ratio unit according to the selected size, performing integral modeling by using a computer, and performing array on the single negative Poisson ratio unit to obtain the required size;
3) printing the model built by the computer in the last step by adopting a 3D printing technology, wherein the adopted printing material is nylon particles or other 3D printing materials;
4) cutting the surface layer of the composite material according to the size of the printed model, polishing the bonding surface of the surface layer and ensuring the flatness and smoothness of the bonding surface;
5) and bonding the 3D printing model with the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer by using an adhesive, and finally forming.
The negative Poisson ratio material has unique properties different from common materials, has incomparable advantages of other materials in many aspects, and particularly greatly improves the physical and mechanical properties of the material, such as the shear modulus, the notch resistance and the fracture resistance of the material and the resilience toughness of the material.
The invention adopts a method combining a 3D printing technology and a composite material processing technology and adopts a novel structure as a middle surface layer of the composite material, thereby inventing a novel composite material with a negative Poisson ratio effect. And the negative Poisson's ratio functional material is innovatively utilized, so that the overall mechanical property of the structure can be effectively improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the structure is a rod structure, so the relative density is lower than that of a solid material, and the weight is lighter.
2. The 3D printing technology adopted by the invention is closer to the requirement of the development of the times;
3. the carbon emission in the whole material manufacturing and component assembling process is low, and the environment is protected;
4. the panel has better corrosion resistance by adopting the composite material as the structural material;
5. the adopted negative Poisson ratio structure is used as the middle layer, so that the invention has good mechanical properties, such as shear resistance, impact resistance, fracture resistance and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a negative Poisson ratio cell of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the negative Poisson ratio unit of the present invention;
FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of negative Poisson ratio unit dimensions of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a 3D printed negative Poisson's ratio structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a 3D printed negative Poisson's ratio structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional view of a 3D printed negative Poisson's ratio structure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-7, a 3D printed structural composite sandwich panel with negative poisson's ratio effect includes an upper layer 1, a lower layer 2 and an intermediate core layer 3;
the upper surface layer 1 and the lower surface layer 2 are made of composite materials formed by solidifying fiber cloth and resin, the middle core material layer 3 is a negative Poisson ratio structural layer printed through 3D, and the structural layer is bonded with the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer through a bonding agent;
the negative Poisson ratio structural layer is formed by connecting an array of negative Poisson ratio units through a middle rod piece 4, the rod piece 4 is of an inwards concave structure with a negative Poisson ratio effect of expansion and compression, and the cross section of the rod piece 4 is square or circular;
the radius or the side length r of the rod piece 4 meets the following requirements: r is more than 0.8 mm;
the length L of the rod 4 satisfies: l is more than 6 mm;
the included angle theta between the rod piece 4 and the longitudinal direction when the rod piece is viewed from the front of the negative Poisson ratio unit is as follows: theta is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees;
the included angle omega between the rod piece 4 and the longitudinal direction when the rod piece is viewed on the negative Poisson ratio unit is as follows: omega is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees;
the height of the composite sandwich panel is Y: y ═ 2L cos θ +2a, where a is the thickness of upper layer 1 and the thickness of lower layer 2;
the side length X of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the negative Poisson ratio unit is as follows: x is 2L cos ω sim θ.
The upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are formed by solidifying fiber cloth and resin by adopting a pultrusion process or a vacuum infusion process. In the pultrusion process, firstly, the continuous fiber cloth impregnated with the resin glue solution is shaped by a forming die under the action of a traction device; and secondly, curing in a curing furnace, and cutting into plates with corresponding sizes. The upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are formed by solidifying one of glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth and a resin matrix, the fiber cloth is at least one of biaxial cloth, multiaxial cloth or fiber non-woven cloth, and the resin is at least one of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, phenolic resin or vinyl ester. The binder is epoxy resin two-component AB glue, wherein A and B are 3 to 1. The bonding surfaces of the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are polished.
The design method of the 3D printing structure composite material sandwich board with the negative Poisson ratio effect comprises the following steps:
1) determining the length, the diameter and the arrangement angle of a rod piece connected with the negative Poisson ratio unit, and determining the size and the height of the negative Poisson ratio unit according to the size of the selected rod piece;
2) designing a single negative Poisson ratio unit according to the selected size, performing integral modeling by using a computer, and performing array on the single negative Poisson ratio unit to obtain the required size;
3) printing the model built by the computer in the last step by adopting a 3D printing technology, wherein the adopted printing material is nylon particles or other 3D printing materials;
4) cutting the surface layer of the composite material according to the size of the printed model, polishing the bonding surface of the surface layer and ensuring the flatness and smoothness of the bonding surface;
5) and bonding the 3D printing model with the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer by using an adhesive, and finally forming.
The negative Poisson ratio material has unique properties different from common materials, has incomparable advantages of other materials in many aspects, and particularly greatly improves the physical and mechanical properties of the material, such as the shear modulus, the notch resistance and the fracture resistance of the material and the resilience toughness of the material.
The invention adopts a method combining a 3D printing technology and a composite material processing technology and adopts a novel structure as a middle surface layer of the composite material, thereby inventing a novel composite material with a negative Poisson ratio effect. And the negative Poisson's ratio functional material is innovatively utilized, so that the overall mechanical property of the structure can be effectively improved.
The invention can be used as a surface layer of a sandwich structure, plays a role in protecting the core material and improves the overall mechanical property; and can be used as an anti-collision surface course of bridges, buildings and the like. And the upper and lower layers can also be filled with foam to serve as sound insulation plates to realize the effects of sound insulation and sound insulation.
When a negative poisson's ratio material is used to make the sandwich panel, the security of the sandwich panel made of the negative poisson's ratio material is greatly improved because the material expands outward when subjected to a bending load and absorbs more energy, rather than collapsing inward to be destroyed as in a positive poisson's ratio material. And the surface layer of the sandwich panel is a composite material fiber reinforced surface layer. The study of negative poisson's ratio structure is still relatively rare in the field of composite materials, and the study of three-dimensional woven negative poisson's ratio structure is much less. The invention fills the blank at home and abroad, and has important significance for the subsequent research of the negative Poisson ratio structure.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made on the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept.

Claims (6)

1. A3D prints structure combined material battenboard with negative poisson's ratio effect which characterized in that: comprises an upper surface layer, a lower surface layer and a middle core material layer;
the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are made of composite materials formed by solidifying fiber cloth and resin, the middle core material layer is a negative Poisson ratio structural layer printed through 3D, and the structural layer is bonded with the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer through a bonding agent;
the negative Poisson ratio structural layer is formed by connecting an array of negative Poisson ratio units through a middle rod piece, the rod piece is of an inwards concave structure with a negative Poisson ratio effect of expansion and compression, and the cross section of the rod piece is square or circular;
the radius or the side length r of the rod piece meets the following requirements: r is more than 0.8 mm;
the length L of the rod piece satisfies: l is more than 6 mm;
when the rod piece is in the positive view of the negative Poisson ratio unit, the included angle theta between the rod piece and the longitudinal direction is as follows: theta is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees;
when the rod piece is viewed on the negative Poisson ratio unit, the included angle omega between the rod piece and the longitudinal direction is as follows: omega is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees;
the height of the composite sandwich panel is Y: y ═ 2Lcos θ +2a, where a is the thickness of the upper layer and the thickness of the lower layer;
the side length X of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the negative Poisson ratio unit is as follows: x is 2Lcos ω sin θ.
2. The 3D printed structural composite sandwich sheet with negative poisson's ratio effect of claim 1, wherein: the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are formed by solidifying fiber cloth and resin by adopting a pultrusion process or a vacuum infusion process; in the pultrusion process, firstly, the continuous fiber cloth impregnated with the resin glue solution is shaped by a forming die under the action of a traction device; and secondly, curing in a curing furnace, and cutting into plates with corresponding sizes.
3. The 3D printed structural composite sandwich sheet with negative poisson's ratio effect of claim 1, wherein: the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are formed by solidifying one of glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth and a resin matrix, the fiber cloth is at least one of biaxial cloth, multiaxial cloth or fiber non-woven cloth, and the resin is at least one of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, phenolic resin or vinyl ester.
4. The 3D printed structural composite sandwich sheet with negative poisson's ratio effect of claim 1, wherein: the binder is epoxy resin two-component AB glue, wherein A and B are 3 to 1.
5. The 3D printed structural composite sandwich sheet with negative poisson's ratio effect of claim 1, wherein: the bonding surfaces of the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are polished.
6. The method of designing a 3D printed structural composite sandwich panel with negative poisson's ratio effect as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) determining the length, the diameter and the arrangement angle of a rod piece connected with the negative Poisson ratio unit, and determining the size and the height of the negative Poisson ratio unit according to the size of the selected rod piece;
2) designing a single negative Poisson ratio unit according to the selected size, performing integral modeling by using a computer, and performing array on the single negative Poisson ratio unit to obtain the required size;
3) printing the model built by the computer in the last step by adopting a 3D printing technology, wherein the adopted printing material is nylon particles or other 3D printing materials;
4) cutting the surface layer of the composite material according to the size of the printed model, polishing the bonding surface of the surface layer and ensuring the flatness and smoothness of the bonding surface;
5) and bonding the 3D printing model with the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer by using an adhesive, and finally forming.
CN201911161591.XA 2019-11-22 2019-11-22 3D printing structure composite material sandwich board with negative Poisson ratio effect and processing method Pending CN110744873A (en)

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