CN113968197B - Three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure and honeycomb combined structure based on same - Google Patents
Three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure and honeycomb combined structure based on same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113968197B CN113968197B CN202111499112.2A CN202111499112A CN113968197B CN 113968197 B CN113968197 B CN 113968197B CN 202111499112 A CN202111499112 A CN 202111499112A CN 113968197 B CN113968197 B CN 113968197B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
- B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
- B60R2019/264—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means using cellular structures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of material structures, in particular to a three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure. Including the indent structure that alternately coincide was placed, indent structure includes ejector pin and sill bar that two parallels were placed, ejector pin and sill bar pass through the slope pole setting and connect, the slope pole setting is including first pole setting and the second pole setting that becomes the contained angle each other, connect through middle horizontal pole between the crossing point of first pole setting and second pole setting, first pole setting and second pole setting all are equipped with the department of buckling, the pole setting of department of buckling top is the upper diagonal rod, the pole setting of department of buckling below is the lower diagonal rod. The invention also provides a honeycomb combined structure based on the structure and a combination method. In the impact deformation process, the increase of the area of the shaft surface can offset and buffer the pressure of external load, the change of the pressure becomes particularly gentle, and the stability during impact collision is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material structures, in particular to a three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure and a honeycomb combined structure based on the structure.
Background
The earliest poisson's ratio concept was proposed by the well-known french mathematics, western Mengbo pine, and negative poisson's ratio was in 1987, poderick laskes discovered a negative poisson's ratio effect during occasional experiments, from which research in the field of negative poisson's ratio began to develop.
In recent years, due to the unique properties of negative poisson's ratio materials, the negative poisson's ratio materials have advantages which are incomparable with other materials in many aspects, in particular, the physical and mechanical properties of the materials, the notch resistance of the materials, the shear modulus of the materials, the rebound toughness of the materials and the fracture resistance are improved. Poisson's ratio of materials affects the transmission and reflection of stress waves, and negative poisson's ratio materials are widely used, such as in the manufacture of fasteners or safety belts, sound insulating materials, etc., and lateral expansion of materials when subjected to external forces counteracts the effects of external forces, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of these components. The negative poisson ratio material can also be applied to various parts of an automobile, such as an automobile body, a negative poisson ratio tire, an automobile front end energy absorption box, a A, B, C column filling structure and the like, and the negative poisson ratio structural material can also be applied to bulletproof vests, shin guards, knee guards, jackets and the like, so that the packing property and the comfort capability can be greatly improved.
Poisson's ratio refers to the ratio of the absolute value of the positive transverse strain to the positive axial strain of a material when it is pulled (compressed) in one direction, also called the transverse deformation coefficient, which is a constant reflecting the transverse deformation of the material. The negative poisson's ratio effect refers to the phenomenon that a material expands laterally within an elastic range when stretched (compressed), and contracts laterally within the elastic range when compressed. Negative poisson's ratio material (manufactured by man) has specific properties such as improved physical and mechanical properties, notched resistance, shear modulus, rebound toughness and fracture resistance compared to conventional positive poisson's ratio materials (in nature). Therefore, the negative poisson ratio material structure has wide application prospect in the field of impact resistance and deformation damage resistance component design.
Automobile safety is very important, and research in the safety field of the existing automobile equipment shows that: after the accident occurs to the front end energy-absorbing box, the A, B, C post and other parts, plastic deformation can absorb most of kinetic energy generated during the collision of vehicles, so that the safety of passengers and cargoes is effectively protected, and the casualties and various losses in traffic accidents can be effectively reduced. Most of the existing automobile energy absorption box structures are thin-walled square and round pipes, and one of the advantages of the thin-walled pipes as an energy absorption structure is easy mass production under the condition of meeting the common energy absorption requirement. Due to the special properties of negative poisson's ratio materials, many structures with negative poisson's ratio characteristics have been developed in succession over the years, classical ones are: arrow-shaped negative poisson ratio structure, star-shaped negative poisson ratio structure, chiral structure and the like. The negative poisson ratio structure can be obtained not only from the natural world but also by artificial synthesis. Due to the limitations of manufacturing and synthesizing technologies, the types of the current common negative poisson ratio structures are not very large (especially three-dimensional negative poisson ratio structures), the application of the negative poisson ratio structures in practical engineering is not very wide, and the stability of the negative poisson ratio structures in impact collision is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass type structure and a honeycomb combined structure based on the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass type structure, which can offset and buffer the pressure of external load, and the pressure change becomes particularly gentle, so that the stability in impact collision is greatly improved.
The invention provides a three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure, which comprises a concave structure body which is arranged in a crossed and overlapped manner, wherein the concave structure body comprises two ejector rods and bottom rods which are arranged in parallel, the ejector rods and the bottom rods are connected through inclined vertical rods, the inclined vertical rods comprise a first vertical rod and a second vertical rod which form an included angle with each other, the intersection points of the first vertical rod and the second vertical rod are connected through a middle horizontal rod, the first vertical rod and the second vertical rod are respectively provided with a bending part, the vertical rod above the bending part is an upper inclined rod, and the vertical rod below the bending part is a lower inclined rod.
Preferably, two concave structures are arranged, and the two concave structures are vertically superposed.
Preferably, the height and thickness of both of the concave structures are equal.
Preferably, the heights and thicknesses of the bending parts on the first vertical rod and the second vertical rod are equal.
Preferably, the first upright and the second upright are the same length.
Preferably, the upper diagonal and the lower diagonal are the same length.
A honeycomb combined structure based on the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure comprises a plurality of three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structures, wherein the edge surfaces of a top rod and a bottom rod of one three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure are respectively connected with the edge surfaces of middle horizontal rods of adjacent three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structures.
Preferably, the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structures are the same size.
The combination method of the three-dimensional honeycomb combined structure with the negative poisson ratio hourglass structure comprises the following steps of:
s1: the two concave structures are placed in a superposition mode, one concave structure rotates by gamma degrees along the direction of the straight-edge central line, and a three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure is formed.
S2: and connecting an ejector rod edge surface of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure with an intermediate horizontal rod edge surface of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure, connecting a bottom rod edge surface with an intermediate horizontal rod edge surface of the other three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure, and expanding and further repeatedly arranging in a space direction according to the combination mode to form the honeycomb structure.
Preferably, the γ ° is 90 °.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) When the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure is subjected to external load pressure, the root of the upper inclined rod is propped against the bending position, and the top of the lower inclined rod is propped against the bending position, so that the inclined rods are mutually pulled inwards at the bending position, the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure is transversely contracted and narrowed in the direction perpendicular to the pressure, and the axial surface area is increased. In the impact deformation process of the honeycomb structure, the increase of the area of the shaft surface can offset and buffer the pressure of external load, the change of the pressure becomes particularly gentle, and the stability during impact collision is greatly improved.
(2) The middle horizontal support rod is positioned at the waist of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure, and the design can enable the waist to have better support property when the structure is deformed, and simultaneously reduce the possibility of in-plane torsion of the waist in the compression process of the concave structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly process of the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass sizing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the appearance of the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a finite element variant of the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulated cloud image process obtained in the compression simulation of a three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure in finite element software;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the manner in which the honeycomb structure and the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of the present invention are joined;
fig. 8 is a front, top and left side view of a composite honeycomb structure of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-ejector rod, 2-edge surface, 3-upper inclined rod, 4-bending part, 5-lower inclined rod, 6-middle horizontal rod, 7-middle horizontal rod edge surface and 8-bottom rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure comprises two concave structures, wherein each concave structure comprises two ejector rods 1 and bottom rods 8 which are arranged in parallel, each ejector rod 1 is connected with each bottom rod 8 through an inclined upright rod, each inclined upright rod comprises a first upright rod and a second upright rod which form an included angle, the intersection points of the first upright rod and the second upright rod are connected through a middle horizontal rod 6, each first upright rod and each second upright rod are provided with a bending part 4, the upright rod above the bending part 4 is an upper inclined rod 3, and the upright rod below the bending part 4 is a lower inclined rod 5. The two concave structures are overlapped to form a basic frame, and one concave structure rotates by gamma degrees along the straight-side central line direction.
As shown in fig. 3, the length of the top rod and the bottom rod (AB, FH) of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure is L1 (mm); the length (BC) of the upper inclined rod is L2 (mm); the length (KJ) of the lower inclined rod is L3 (mm); the length of the middle horizontal connecting rod (DJ) is L4 (mm); acute angles formed by sharp angles are alpha (degrees); the included angles of the lower inclined rod and the horizontal middle rod are beta (°).
As shown in fig. 3, the widths of the top rod and the bottom rod of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure are t (mm), in order to reduce stress concentration of the middle rod in the concave part, the middle horizontal rod is designed to be a straight edge with the width of t (mm), in order to achieve better effect, the width and the thickness of the bent part of the vertical rod are t (mm), and the section is stretched by t (mm) along the axial direction to obtain the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure.
The three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure provided by the invention can be obtained by combining the concave structures in modeling software, and the combination process is shown in figure 2.
The construction parameters are as follows: l1= 118.67mm; l2=31.25 mm; l3=32.89 mm; l4=24.33 mm; α=41.81°; β= 131.68 °; γ=90°; t=2 mm; and the endowed material is aluminum alloy. The compression deformation cloud chart is shown in fig. 6, and the compression deformation condition is shown in fig. 5.
In the compression (stretching) process, the upper diagonal rod 3 and the lower diagonal rod 5 at the top and the bottom squeeze (pull) the bent part 4 of the vertical rod to inwards generate transverse shrinkage, so that the negative poisson ratio characteristic that the compression middle is thinned and the stretching middle is thickened is achieved.
Example 2
A method of assembling a cellular composite structure of a three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure, comprising the steps of:
s1: the two concave structures are placed in a superposition mode, one concave structure rotates 90 degrees along the direction of the straight-edge central line, and the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure is formed.
S2: and connecting an ejector rod edge surface of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure with an intermediate horizontal rod edge surface of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure, connecting a bottom rod edge surface with an intermediate horizontal rod edge surface of the other three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure, and expanding and further repeatedly arranging in a space direction according to the combination mode to form the honeycomb structure.
According to the definition of a representative body unit (RSM), the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio structures are mutually related in the compression process, the ejector rod of the last structure pushes the inclined rod to extrude the bent part of the upright rod to transversely shrink, and meanwhile, the ejector rod of the adjacent three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure is bent and pulled in the middle horizontal rod to transversely move inwards, and the motion characteristic is sequentially transferred, so that the honeycomb combined structure has the same negative poisson ratio characteristic as that of a three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure cell. The structure can be placed in an automobile energy absorption box to serve as a sandwich structure, and has better energy absorption characteristics and better stability in the impact resistance process compared with the traditional thin-wall pipe or the two-dimensional negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure filled in the thin-wall pipe. In a cellular composite structure, the local cells have a multidirectional negative poisson's ratio characteristic and the overall structure has a multidirectional negative poisson's ratio characteristic, which can better utilize the benefits of the negative poisson's ratio characteristic.
Example 3
The honeycomb combined structure of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure comprises a plurality of three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structures, wherein the edge surfaces 2 of the top rod 1 and the bottom rod 8 of one three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure are respectively connected with the edge surface 7 of the middle horizontal rod of the adjacent three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional burden poisson ratio hourglass type structure, its characterized in that, including the indent structure body that alternately coincide and place, indent structure body includes ejector pin and sill bar that two parallels were placed, ejector pin and sill bar pass through the slope pole setting and connect, the slope pole setting is including first pole setting and the second pole setting that becomes the contained angle each other, connect through middle horizontal pole between the intersect of first pole setting and second pole setting, first pole setting and second pole setting all are equipped with the kink, the pole setting of kink top is the upper diagonal rod, the pole setting of kink below is the lower diagonal rod, the height and the thickness of kink in first pole setting and the second pole setting are all equal, the contained angle that upper diagonal rod and ejector pin formed is alpha, the contained angle that lower diagonal rod and middle horizontal pole formed is beta, alpha = 41.81, beta = 131.68.
2. The three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of claim 1, wherein two of the concave structures are vertically coincident.
3. The three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of claim 2, wherein the height and thickness of both of the concave structures are equal.
4. The three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of claim 1, wherein the first upright and the second upright are the same length.
5. The three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of claim 1, wherein the upper diagonal and the lower diagonal are the same length.
6. A cellular composite structure based on the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a plurality of said three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structures, wherein the edge surfaces of the top and bottom rods of one three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure are respectively connected with the edge surfaces of the middle horizontal rods of an adjacent three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure.
7. The cellular composite structure of the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure of claim 6, wherein each of the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structures is the same size.
8. A method of assembling a cellular composite structure of a three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
s1: the two concave structures are placed in a superposition mode, one concave structure rotates by gamma degrees along the direction of a straight-side central line, and a three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure is formed;
s2: and connecting an ejector rod edge surface of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure with an intermediate horizontal rod edge surface of the three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure, and connecting a bottom rod edge surface with an intermediate horizontal rod edge surface of the other three-dimensional negative poisson ratio hourglass structure, so that the honeycomb structure is formed by further repeatedly arranging through spatial direction expansion.
9. The method of assembling a cellular composite structure of a three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio hourglass structure according to claim 8, wherein the γ ° is 90 °.
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| CN111063403A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-24 | 北京理工大学 | Novel three-dimensional negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure |
| DE102020201772A1 (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Crash box for a motor vehicle |
| CN112922995A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-08 | 同济大学 | Composite energy absorption structure based on negative Poisson ratio structure |
| CN113525273A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-22 | 广州大学 | Three-dimensional structure with negative Poisson ratio characteristic and combination method thereof |
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| CN107235024A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-10-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure and its optimization method |
| DE102020201772A1 (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Crash box for a motor vehicle |
| CN110014641A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-16 | 五邑大学 | A kind of three-dimensional auxetic metamaterial structure with negative poisson's ratio |
| CN112922995A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-08 | 同济大学 | Composite energy absorption structure based on negative Poisson ratio structure |
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