CN116388599A - New energy multiport integrated power supply system for simultaneously supplying power to single-stage power frequency link - Google Patents
New energy multiport integrated power supply system for simultaneously supplying power to single-stage power frequency link Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a new energy multi-port integrated power supply system in a single-stage power frequency link with simultaneous power supply, which is characterized in that a three-winding power frequency transformer connects a new energy multi-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit with an output filter inductance and a prepositive simultaneous selection switch circuit, an energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit with an output filter inductance and an output filter capacitor, and the system adopts a power limiting energy management SPWM control strategy with maximum power tracking and maximum output power limitation of multiple input sources by feeding back an input current instantaneous value of an output voltage independent control loop of the energy storage element direct-current port high-frequency inverter circuit. The power supply system has the advantages of simultaneous power supply of multiple input sources, power frequency isolation, large duty ratio adjustment range of the multiple input sources, single-stage power conversion among three types of ports, small volume and weight, high conversion efficiency, high reliability, low cost and the like, and is suitable for scenes with larger voltage difference of the multiple input sources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system, belonging to the power electronic conversion technology.
Background
The new energy power generation mainly comprises photovoltaic, wind power, fuel cells and other types, and has the defects of unstable and discontinuous power supply, change along with the climate conditions and the like, so that a distributed power supply system combining multiple new energy sources is needed. The new energy power supply is influenced by natural conditions such as illumination intensity, wind power and the like, the power supply has obvious randomness and fluctuation, and has larger impact on loads, and the system is unstable when serious. In some occasions, measures such as light abandoning, wind abandoning and the like are adopted to meet the safe operation of the system, so that the economy of new energy power supply is seriously affected. In order to reduce the influence on the continuous power supply of the load, the new energy power supply system is often provided with an energy storage device for storing and regulating electric energy so as to meet the requirements of the electric load on the power supply continuity and stability, and the power is balanced on site, so that the economic benefit is remarkable. Therefore, the new energy power supply system generally needs to be configured with energy storage. In addition, under the extreme working conditions of large-range fluctuation of new energy power such as photovoltaic and wind power and abnormal climate conditions, the power transmitted by the new energy power supply system exceeds an allowable value, and the problem of safe and reliable operation of the system also draws great attention.
A conventional two-stage new energy multi-port power supply system is shown in fig. 1 and 2. The system adopts a plurality of single-input direct current converters to convert new energy power generation equipment such as photovoltaic cells and the like which do not need energy storage respectively through a unidirectional direct current converter, and then the output ends of the new energy power generation equipment are connected in series or in parallel and then connected to a common direct current bus, and the energy storage equipment is also connected to the common direct current bus after being converted through a bidirectional direct current converter, so that various new energy sources are ensured to be supplied with power in a combined mode and can work in a coordinated mode. The power supply system realizes the simultaneous supply of power to loads by multiple input sources and the full utilization of energy sources, improves the stability and flexibility of the system, but has the defects of complex topological structure, two-stage power conversion among three types of ports, large volume and weight, low conversion efficiency, high cost and the like, and has low practicability.
In order to improve the system performance and reduce the cost, the topological structure of the two-stage new energy multiport power supply system shown in fig. 1 and 2 needs to be simplified into a novel single-stage new energy multiport integrated power supply system shown in fig. 3. The single-stage new energy multiport integrated power supply system allows multiple new energy sources to be input, the properties, the amplitude and the characteristics of input sources can be the same, the differences can be large, and the single-stage new energy multiport integrated power supply system has the advantages of simple circuit structure, small volume and weight, high conversion efficiency, low cost and the like.
Therefore, it is urgent to actively seek a new single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system with excellent performance. The method has very important significance for guaranteeing basic energy, promoting the development of power electronic technology and new energy storage industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system which has the characteristics of isolation between output and input power frequency, simultaneous power supply of a plurality of input power supplies in one switching period, simple topological structure, large adjustment range of the duty ratio of a plurality of input sources, small size and weight, high conversion efficiency, low cost, suitability for scenes with larger voltage difference of the plurality of input sources and the like, and has the advantages of single-stage power conversion between three types of ports of a plurality of input sources, energy storage battery and output load.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a multi-port integrated power supply system with single-stage power frequency link and new energy source is composed of a three-winding power frequency transformer with output filter inductance L f1 New energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit of simultaneous selection switch circuit, and output filter inductance L f2 Energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit and output filter capacitor C f The connection structure is formed, n is the path number of multiple input sources and is not less than 2 natural numbers; each input end of the new energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit with the simultaneous selection switch circuit is correspondingly connected with each output end of n input filters which are not commonly grounded, and the output end of the new energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit is correspondingly connected with the output filter inductance L f1 N input source port winding N of three-winding power frequency transformer 11 Phase cascade, L f1 From external inductor and winding N 11 Is connected in series or is formed by winding N 11 Is realized by leakage inductance; the input end of the energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit is connected with the output end of the input filter, and the output end is connected with the output filter inductance L f2 And energy storage element port winding N of three-winding power frequency transformer 12 Phase cascade, L f2 From external inductorAnd winding N 12 Is connected in series or is formed by winding N 12 Is realized by leakage inductance; the output filter capacitor C f Output load port winding N of power frequency transformer with three windings 2 Is connected with each other; the new energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit with the simultaneous selection switch circuit is formed by sequentially cascading n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits and single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuits, the n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits are equivalent to a single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit at any moment, the n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits are formed by forward and backward serial connection of positive and negative polarity output ends of each path of n-path bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits, each path of bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit is formed by a selection switch capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress and a selection diode, an emitter of the selection switch is connected with a cathode of the selection diode, a collector of the selection switch and an anode of the selection diode are respectively a positive and a negative polarity input end of the path of the bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit, and an anode of the selection diode are respectively a positive and a negative polarity output end of the path of the bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit; the two sets of single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuits of the n-input source direct-current port and the energy storage element direct-current port are respectively composed of four high-frequency power switches bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress of a left bridge arm and a right bridge arm or an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, the collector electrodes of the two upper bridge arm switches and the emitter electrodes of the two lower bridge arm switches are respectively connected with the positive output end and the negative output end of an n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit or an energy storage element input filter, and the emitter electrodes of the left upper bridge arm switch, the collector electrodes of the left lower bridge arm switch and the output filter inductance L f1 Or L f2 The emitter of the upper right bridge arm switch and the collector of the lower right bridge arm switch are connected with the primary winding N of the power frequency transformer 11 Or N 12 One end of (a) is connected with and outputs a filter inductance L f1 、L f2 The other end of the winding is respectively connected with the primary winding N of the power frequency transformer 11 、N 12 The other end of the first connecting piece is connected with the other end of the second connecting piece; n selection switches S of the n-way bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit s1 、S s2 、…、S sn And n select diodes D s1 、D s2 、…、D sn The voltage stress of (a) is U respectively i1 、U i2 、…、U in The voltage stress of four power switches of the single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit is U i1 +U i2 +…+U in Or U (U) b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The n paths of input sources U of the power supply system i1 、U i2 、…、U in The duty ratio adjustment range of (2) is large, and U is pressed in one switching period i1 +U i2 +…+U in 、U i1 +U i2 +…+U in-1 、…、U i1 The power is supplied to the load simultaneously in sequence, which is only applicable to multiple input source voltage U i1 -U imax Not less than 300V and U imax -U imin Scenes less than or equal to 100V, U imax ＝max(U i2 、…、U in ),U imin ＝min(U i2 、…、U in )。
The invention constructs the topology structure of the traditional two-stage new energy multiport power supply system into the topology structure of the novel single-stage new energy multiport integrated power supply system, and provides the topology structure of the simultaneous power supply single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system and the power-limiting energy management control strategy thereof, namely, the topology structure is formed by using a three-winding power frequency transformer to form a power-saving power supply system with an input filter and an output filter inductance L f1 New energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit with prepositive series connection and simultaneous selection switch, and input filter and output filter inductance L f2 The energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit and an output filter capacitor are connected, and the output ends of the new energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit and the energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit are respectively connected with the n-input source port winding and the energy storage element port winding through a filter inductor (an external inductor is connected with leakage inductance of a transformer winding in series or is only realized by leakage inductance of the transformer winding).
The multi-port integrated power supply system for the new energy in the single-stage power frequency link can invert a plurality of input source voltages which are not commonly grounded into stable and high-quality output alternating current required by a load, has the characteristics of isolation between output and input power frequency, simultaneous power supply of multiple input power sources in one switching period, simple topological structure, large adjustment range of the duty ratio of the multiple input sources, single-stage power conversion between the multiple input sources, an energy storage element and the output load, small volume and weight, high conversion efficiency, low cost, suitability for scenes with larger voltage difference of the multiple input sources and the like, and has the comprehensive performance superior to that of the traditional multi-port power supply system for the two-stage new energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a two-stage new energy multi-port power supply system with a plurality of unidirectional DC converter output ends connected in series.
FIG. 2 shows a two-stage new energy multi-port power supply system with a plurality of unidirectional DC converter output ends connected in parallel.
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a novel single-stage new energy multiport integrated power supply system.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a new energy multi-port integrated power supply system for a single-stage power frequency link with simultaneous power supply.
FIG. 5 is a circuit structure diagram of a new energy multi-port integrated power supply system for a single-stage power frequency link with simultaneous power supply.
FIG. 6 is a schematic waveform diagram of a steady state principle when the single polarity SPWM control is adopted in the simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a full bridge circuit, which is an example of a circuit topology of a single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system with simultaneous power supply.
FIG. 8, a power limiting energy management control strategy of a simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system.
Fig. 9, a block diagram of a multi-input source simultaneous supply input current instantaneous feedback maximum power output energy management unipolar SPWM with energy storage element dc-port high frequency inverter circuit output voltage independent control loop.
Fig. 10 is a waveform diagram of the principle of unipolar SPWM control of multi-input source simultaneous power supply input current instantaneous feedback maximum power output energy management with an energy storage element dc-port high frequency inverter circuit output voltage independent control loop.
FIG. 11, output voltage u of the simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system o And output filter inductor current i Lf1 、i Lf2 Waveform.
FIG. 12, working mode I of the simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system- -multiple input sources supply power to output loads and energy storage elements.
FIG. 13, working mode II of the simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system- -multiple input sources and energy storage elements supply power to an output load.
FIG. 14, working mode III of the new energy multi-port integrated power supply system for the single-stage power frequency link of simultaneous power supply, namely the multi-input source supplies power to the output load, and the energy storage element is neither charged nor discharged.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the attached drawings and embodiments.
The topological structure of the new energy multiport integrated power supply system in the single-stage power frequency link of the simultaneous power supply type is that a three-winding power frequency transformer is used for providing an output filter inductance L f1 New energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit of simultaneous selection switch circuit, and output filter inductance L f2 Energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit and output filter capacitor C f The connection structure is formed, n is the path number of multiple input sources and is not less than 2 natural numbers; each input end of the new energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit with the simultaneous selection switch circuit is correspondingly connected with each output end of n input filters which are not commonly grounded, and the output end of the new energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit is correspondingly connected with the output filter inductance L f1 N input source port winding N of three-winding power frequency transformer 11 Phase cascade, L f1 From external inductor and winding N 11 Is connected in series or is formed by winding N 11 Is realized by leakage inductance; the energy storage element is a single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuitThe input end is connected with the output end of the input filter, and the output end is connected with the output filter inductance L f2 And energy storage element port winding N of three-winding power frequency transformer 12 Phase cascade, L f2 From external inductor and winding N 12 Is connected in series or is formed by winding N 12 Is realized by leakage inductance; the output filter capacitor C f Output load port winding N of power frequency transformer with three windings 2 Is connected with each other; the new energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit with the simultaneous selection switch circuit is formed by sequentially cascading n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits and single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuits, the n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits are equivalent to a single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit at any moment, the n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits are formed by forward and backward serial connection of positive and negative polarity output ends of each path of n-path bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits, each path of bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit is formed by a selection switch capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress and a selection diode, an emitter of the selection switch is connected with a cathode of the selection diode, a collector of the selection switch and an anode of the selection diode are respectively a positive and a negative polarity input end of the path of the bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit, and an anode of the selection diode are respectively a positive and a negative polarity output end of the path of the bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit; the two sets of single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuits of the n-input source direct-current port and the energy storage element direct-current port are respectively composed of four high-frequency power switches bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress of a left bridge arm and a right bridge arm or an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, the collector electrodes of the two upper bridge arm switches and the emitter electrodes of the two lower bridge arm switches are respectively connected with the positive output end and the negative output end of an n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit or an energy storage element input filter, and the emitter electrodes of the left upper bridge arm switch, the collector electrodes of the left lower bridge arm switch and the output filter inductance L f1 Or L f2 The emitter of the upper right bridge arm switch and the collector of the lower right bridge arm switch are connected with the primary winding N of the power frequency transformer 11 Or N 12 One end of (a) is connected with and outputs a filter inductance L f1 、L f2 The other end of the winding is respectively connected with the primary winding N of the power frequency transformer 11 、N 12 The other end of the first connecting piece is connected with the other end of the second connecting piece; n selection switches S of the n-way bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit s1 、S s2 、…、S sn And n select diodes D s1 、D s2 、…、D sn The voltage stress of (a) is U respectively i1 、U i2 、…、U in The voltage stress of four power switches of the single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit is U i1 +U i2 +…+U in Or U (U) b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The n paths of input sources U of the power supply system i1 、U i2 、…、U in The duty ratio adjustment range of (2) is large, and U is pressed in one switching period i1 +U i2 +…+U in 、U i1 +U i2 +…+U in-1 、…、U i1 The power is supplied to the load simultaneously in sequence, which is only applicable to multiple input source voltage U i1 -U imax Not less than 300V and U imax -U imin Scenes less than or equal to 100V, U imax ＝max(U i2 、…、U in ),U imin ＝min(U i2 、…、U in )。
Meanwhile, a schematic block diagram, a circuit structure and steady-state principle waveforms of the power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system are shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6 when unipolar SPWM control is adopted. In FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, U i1 、U i2 、…、U in N paths of input direct current voltage sources, n is a natural number not less than 2, Z L For single-phase output ac load (ac network), u o 、i o Each of which is a single-phase output ac voltage (ac current). The n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit is formed by sequentially cascading a front n-path bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit and a single-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit, wherein the front n-path bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit is formed by n high-frequency selection switches S capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress s1 、S s2 、…、S sn (simultaneous on or with phase difference on, the switching frequencies being the same or different, where only the same switching frequency is analyzed, simultaneous on controlMode) and n select diodes D s1 、D s2 、…、D sn The single-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit is composed of a plurality of high-frequency power switches such as MOSFET, IGBT and the like capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, and the n-way input filter is a capacitance filter or an LC filter; the energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency link inverter circuit is also composed of a plurality of high-frequency power switches such as MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) and IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, and the n-way input filter is a capacitive filter or an LC filter. Fig. 5 shows a case of using an input capacitor filter, where the input dc current is smoother when using an LC input filter. The system adopts a bipolar SPWM or unipolar SPWM control strategy, and FIG. 6 shows steady-state principle waveforms when a unipolar SPWM control strategy is adopted. n-way input direct-current voltage source U is connected with n-way input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit i1 、U i2 、…、U in Modulating into bipolar two-state (bipolar SPWM modulation) multilevel SPWM voltage wave u with amplitude changing along with the number of input power supplies AB (the amplitude of the positive half cycle +1 state and the negative half cycle-1 state are both U i1 +U i2 +…+U in 、U i1 +U i2 +…+U in-1 、…、U i1 The amplitude of the positive half cycle-1 state and the negative half cycle +1 state is output as U i1 +U i2 +…+U in ) Or unipolar tri-state (unipolar SPWM modulated) multi-level SPWM voltage wave u AB The magnitude of the +1 state and the-1 state are both U i1 +U i2 +…+U in 、U i1 +U i2 +…+U in-1 、…、U i1 ) Through output filter inductance L f1 Power frequency transformer T, output filter capacitor C f Obtaining high-quality sine AC voltage u on single-phase output AC load or AC network o Or alternating current i o . n input pulse currents are input into a DC power supply U in n paths after flowing through an input filter i1 、U i2 、…、U in Is obtained to smooth the input DC current I i1 、I i2 、…、I in The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The energy storage element voltage U is supplied to the energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit b Modulated to amplitude dependentTwo-level SPWM voltage wave u with bipolar two-state (bipolar SPWM modulation) or unipolar three-state (unipolar SPWM modulation) with variable input DC voltage CD (+1 state amplitude is U b The-1 state amplitude is-U b ) Through output filter inductance L f2 Power frequency transformer T, output filter capacitor C f And then the supplement of the insufficient energy of the multiple input sources and the storage of the excessive energy of the multiple input sources are realized.
Meanwhile, the circuit topology embodiment of the power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system comprises push-pull type, push-pull forward type, half-bridge type and full-bridge type circuits, wherein the push-pull type, push-pull forward type and half-bridge type circuits can only adopt a bipolar SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) strategy, the full-bridge type circuits can adopt a bipolar SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) strategy, and the push-pull forward type circuits and the half-bridge type circuits are only suitable for the condition that the modulation ratios of n input power supplies are basically equal. The n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit is composed of n high-frequency power switches capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress and n diodes, the single-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit is composed of two or four high-frequency power switches capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress (push-pull type, push-pull type forward type and half-bridge type circuits are composed of 2 high-frequency power switches, and the full-bridge type circuit is composed of 4 high-frequency power switches), and the full-bridge type circuit topology is shown in fig. 7. The power switch voltage stress of four circuit topology embodiments of the new energy multiport integrated power supply system in the single-stage power frequency link of the power supply type is shown in table 1. As can be seen from table 1, the inverter circuit of the system has large power switch voltage stress and is only suitable for multiple input source voltage U i1 -U imax Not less than 300V and U imax -U imin Less than or equal to 100V to fully utilize the voltage quota of the power switch, U imax ＝max(U i2 、…、U in ),U imin ＝min(U i2 、…、U in ). The push-pull type push-pull forward circuit is suitable for high-power low-voltage input inversion occasions, the half-bridge circuit is suitable for medium-power high-voltage input inversion occasions, and the full-bridge circuit is suitable for high-power high-voltage input inversion occasions.
Table 1 Power switch Voltage stress for four topology examples of New energy Multi-port Integrated Power supply System with Simultaneous Power supply Single-stage Power frequency links
Let 1 st, 2 nd, … th, n th output signal i of input source error amplifier 1e +i 2e +…+i ne 、i 2e +i 3e +…+i ne 、…、i ne And an output signal u of the output voltage error amplifier e The amplitude of (a) is I respectively 1em +I 2em +…+I nem 、I 2em +I 3em +…+I nem 、…、I nem 、U em Saw-tooth carrier signal u c Is of amplitude U cm The corresponding modulation degree is m 1 +m 2 +…+m n ＝(I 1em +I 2em +…+I nem )/U cm 、m 2 +…+m n ＝(I 2em +…+I nem )/U cm 、…、m n ＝I nem /U cm 、m＝U em /U cm And has 0.ltoreq.m 1 、m 2 、…、m n M is less than or equal to 1 and m n ＜m n-1 +m n ＜…＜m 1 +m 2 +…+m n . The principle of the power supply system is equivalent to the superposition of the voltages of a plurality of voltage type single-input inverters at the output end, or equivalent to the output voltage of an energy storage element voltage type single-input inverter, namely the output voltage u o And multiple input source voltage (U) i1 、U i2 、…、U in ) Turn ratio N of industrial frequency transformer 11 /N 2 Modulation degree (m) 1 +m 2 +…+m n 、m 2 +m 3 +…+m n 、…、m n ) The relation between is u o ＝[(m 1 +m 2 +…+m n )U i1 +(m 2 +m 3 +…+m n )U i2 +…+m n U in )]N 2 /N 11 (unipolar SPWM modulation) or u o ＝{[(2(m 1 +m 2 +…+m n )-1]U i1 +[2(m 2 +m 3 +…+m n )-1]U i2 +…+(2m n -1)U in }N 2 /N 11 (bipolar SPWM modulation), or output voltage u o And energy storage element voltage U b Turn ratio N of industrial frequency transformer 12 /N 2 The relation between the modulation degree m is u o ＝mU b N 2 /N 12 (unipolar SPWM modulation) or u o ＝(2m-1)U b N 2 /N 12 (bipolar SPWM modulation). For a proper modulation degree m 1 +m 2 +…+m n 、m 2 +m 3 +…+m n 、…、m n Turn ratio N of m and power frequency transformer 11 /N 2 、N 12 /N 2 ，u o Can be greater than, equal to, or less than the sum U of multiple input source voltages i1 +U i2 +…+U in The power frequency transformer in the power supply system not only plays a role in improving the safety reliability and electromagnetic compatibility of the system operation, but also plays a role in matching the output voltage with the input voltage, namely, the output voltage of the system is higher than, equal to or lower than the sum U of multiple input source voltages i1 +U i2 +…+U in The application range is greatly widened. Due to the presence of 0 < m 1 +m 2 +…+m n 、m 2 +m 3 +…+m n 、…、m n < 1 (unipolar SPWM modulation) and [ (2 (m) 1 +m 2 +…+m n )-1]+[2(m 2 +m 3 +…+m n )-1]+…+(2m n -1) < 1 (bipolar SPWM modulation), so u o ＜(U i1 +U i2 +…+U in )N 2 /N 1 I.e. output voltage u o Always lower than the input DC voltage (U i1 、U i2 、…、U in ) Turn ratio N with power frequency transformer 2 /N 11 Sum of products (U) i1 +U i2 +…+U in )N 2 /N 11 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Because the power supply system belongs to a single-stage circuit structure, the working frequency of a transformer is equal to the frequency of output voltage, and the n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit is arranged in front of the single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency circuitThe inverter circuit is also called a single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system with a front-end simultaneous selection switch. N-way input source U of power supply system i1 、U i2 、…、U in The duty ratio adjustment range of (2) is large, and U is pressed in one switching period i1 +U i2 +…+U in 、U i1 +U i2 +…+U in-1 、…、U i1 The power is supplied to the loads simultaneously in sequence, the modulation degree can be the same (m 1 +m 2 +…+m n ＝m 2 +m 3 +…+m n ＝…＝m n ) May also be different (m 1 +m 2 +…+m n ≠m 2 +m 3 +…+m n ≠…≠m n )。
The multi-input source and the energy storage element share one output power frequency transformer and one filter circuit, and the multi-input source shares one single-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit, which is essentially different from the topological structure of the traditional two-stage new energy multi-port power supply system. Therefore, the power supply system has novelty and creativity, has the advantages of isolation of output and input power frequency, no common ground of multiple input power sources, simultaneous power supply in one switching period, simple topological structure, large power switch voltage stress of an inverter circuit, large duty ratio adjustment range of multiple input sources, single-stage power conversion among three types of ports, small volume and weight, high conversion efficiency (small energy loss), low cost, flexible input voltage preparation, small output voltage ripple, large output capacity and suitability for multiple input source voltage U i1 -U imax Not less than 300V and U imax -U imin The voltage rating of the power switch is fully utilized in the scene of less than or equal to 100V, U imax ＝max(U i2 、…、U in ),U imin ＝min(U i2 、…、U in ) The system is an ideal energy-saving consumption-reducing single-stage new energy multiport power supply system, and has important value at present when the energy-saving and saving society is advocated to be built.
To realize photovoltaic (V),The full utilization of new energy sources such as wind power and the like requires a maximum power output energy management mode. Photovoltaic and wind power generally have complementary characteristics, and rated maximum power is difficult to output at the same time, so that in order to improve the conversion efficiency and reduce the cost of the new energy multiport power supply system, the tolerance capacity of the multiport power supply system needs to be optimally designed according to actual working conditions. Under the extreme working condition that the power fluctuates in a large range, the maximum power output by new energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power exceeds the tolerance capacity of the multi-port power supply system, so that the multi-port power supply system cannot safely and reliably operate, and the maximum power output by new energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power must be limited at the moment, even if the system exits from an MPPT state. The multi-port power supply system not only needs to perform energy management on the multi-input source direct current ports, but also needs to realize power distribution between two types of direct current ports through a control strategy. Therefore, the energy management control of the new energy multi-port integrated power supply system in the simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link needs to control the maximum output power of the multi-input source direct-current port high-frequency inverter circuit and the power flow size and direction of the energy storage element direct-current port high-frequency inverter circuit so as to realize the power distribution of the two types of direct-current ports and the stability of the output voltage of the system. Therefore, the simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system adopts a limited power energy management SPWM control strategy with an energy storage element direct current port high frequency inverter circuit output voltage independent control loop, an input current instantaneous value feedback maximum power tracking loop and a multi-input source maximum output power limiting loop, as shown in fig. 8. In FIG. 8, u o 、u r Respectively output feedback voltage and reference voltage, U 1 、I 1ref 、I 1 、P 1ref 、P 1 Output voltage, reference current, output power reference and output power of the 1 st path input source respectively, U 2 、I 2ref 、I 2 、P 2ref 、P 2 Output voltage, reference current, output power reference and output power of the 2 nd input source respectively …, U n 、I nref 、I n 、P nref 、P n Output voltage, reference current, output current and output work of the nth input source respectivelyThe rate reference and the output power sin (ωt) are synchronous signals of the output voltage (current). The power limiting control is realized by adding n power limiting loops on the basis of n input source MPPT loops: under normal working conditions, P 1 <P 1ref 、P 2 <P 2ref 、…、P n <P nref Output u of n power-limited loops m1 、u m2 、…、u mn Respectively through diode D b1 And resistance R b1 Diode D b2 And resistance R b2 … and diode D bn And resistance R bn N clipping circuits composed, due to u m1 ＞0、u m2 ＞0、…、u mn ＞0，D b1 、D b2 、…、D bn Cut-off, I e1 ＝I e1 * 、I e2 ＝I e2 * 、…、I en ＝I en * ，u m1 、u m2 、…、u mn The MPPT loops of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n th input sources are not affected, namely the power limiting loop is not effective; under extreme working conditions, the power is limited as long as the power of 1 input source fluctuates in a large range, and n input source powers P are set 1 >P 1ref 、P 2 >P 2ref 、…、P n >P nref Output u of n power-limited loops m1 ＜0、u m2 ＜0、…、u mn ＜0，D b1 、D b2 、…、D bn Conduction, I e1 ＝I e1 * +u m1 ＜I e1 * 、I e2 ＝I e2 * +u m2 ＜I e2 * 、…、I en ＝I en * +u mn ＜I en * ，u m1 、u m2 、…、u mn Output I of MPPT loop of 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n th input sources e1 、I e2 、…、I e2 Limiting amplitude, wherein n paths of input sources exit from MPPT state, so that modulation degree m of the multi-input source direct current port high-frequency inverter circuit is limited 1 +m 2 +…+m n 、m 2 +m 3 +…+m n 、…、m n And the maximum power transmitted by the multi-port integrated power supply system ensures the safe and reliable operation of the multi-port integrated power supply system.
The following further discusses the control strategy of the SPWM for controlling the maximum power output by feeding the instantaneous value of the input current to the multi-input source with the independent control loop of the output voltage of the DC port high-frequency inverter circuit of the energy storage element under the normal working condition of the system (the power limiting loop is not working). Fig. 9 and 10 show control block diagrams and control principle waveforms when the unipolar SPWM modulation strategy is adopted. Current feedback signal I of n-path input source i1f 、I i2f 、…、I inf Reference current signals I obtained by calculation with the maximum power points of n paths of input sources respectively i1r 、I i2r 、…、I inr The output error amplified signal I is amplified by the comparison of a proportional integral error amplifier 1e 、I 2e 、…、I ne Respectively multiplied by the sine synchronous signals, and output i through an adder 1e +i 2e +…+i ne 、i 2e +i 3e +…+i ne 、…、i ne A signal; system output voltage feedback signal u of With reference sinusoidal voltage u r The output error amplified signal u is compared and amplified by a proportional integral error amplifier e ；i 1e +i 2e +…+i ne 、i 2e +i 3e +…+i ne 、…、i ne And u e Zigzag carrier u with positive and negative polarities respectively corresponding to positive and negative half cycles of system output voltage c The control signal u of the power switch of the n-path bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit is output after the intersection and the output voltage gating signal and the proper logic conversion circuit gss1 、u gss2 、…、u gssn And control signal u of single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit power switch gs1 、u gs2 、u gs3 、u gs4 Control signal u of energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit power switch gsb1 、u gsb2 、u gsb3 、u gsb4 . n-way error amplifier (current) independent workThe power supply system works independently with an n+1th path error amplifier (voltage), the n path error amplifier is used for realizing the maximum power output of an n path input source, and the n path error amplifier is used for realizing the stability of the output voltage of a power supply system, and the n path input source and an energy storage element are closely matched for supplying power to a load. By regulating the reference voltage u when the multiple-input source voltage or load varies r And reference current i i1r 、i i2r 、…、i inr Or adjust the feedback voltage u of And feedback current i i1f 、i i2f 、…、i inf To change the voltage error amplified signal u e And a current error amplified signal i 1e +i 2e +…+i ne 、i 2e +i 3e +…+i ne 、…、i ne Thereby changing the modulation degree m 1 +m 2 +…+m n 、m 2 +m 3 +…+m n 、…、m n M, so that the regulation and stabilization of the output voltage and the input current (output power) of the power supply system can be realized. The control principle waveforms shown in FIG. 10 mark the switching period T S And on-time T of 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n th input sources on1 、T on2 、…、T onn Power switch S 1 Is set to be on-time T of on ，T on ＝T on1 ＞T on2 ＞…＞T onn On time T on Is varied in a sinusoidal manner during an output voltage period. It should be noted that, when the system is used for grid-connected power generation, the independent control loop of the output voltage needs to be adjusted to the independent control loop of the grid-connected current.
Taking the band-stop load of the new energy multi-port integrated independent power supply system in the single-stage power frequency link with simultaneous power supply as an example, the control of the power flow direction and the system output voltage of the energy storage element direct-current port high-frequency inverter circuit is discussed, as shown in fig. 11, 12, 13 and 14. For output filter capacitor C f And output load Z L ＝R L To say, the multi-input source direct current port high-frequency inverter circuit and the energy storage battery direct current port high-frequency inverter circuit respectively pass through L f1 、L f2 Two direct current port windings N of three-winding power frequency transformer T 11 、N 12 And is equivalent toTwo current sources at output load port winding N 2 And (5) overlapping in parallel. From the output voltage u of the system shown in FIG. 11 o And output filter inductor current i Lf1 、i Lf2 Waveform shows that i of multi-input source direct current port high-frequency inverter circuit Lf1 And u is equal to o The same frequency and the same phase output active power; the high-frequency inverter circuit of the direct current port of the energy storage battery is connected with the power supply through u o And reference voltage u r Is controlled by SPWM signal generated by intersecting error amplification signal with high frequency sawtooth carrier, i Lf2 And u is equal to o There is a phase difference θ between them, and different phase differences θ mean that active power of different magnitudes and directions is output. When P o ＜P 1max +P 2max +…+P nmax When u o Increasing theta is more than 90 degrees, and the energy storage element direct current port high-frequency inverter circuit absorbs active power, namely the residual power output by the multiple-input source charges the energy storage element-a power supply mode I, and the power supply mode I is equivalent to the multiple-input double-output multiple-port integrated conversion system shown in fig. 12; when P o >P 1max +P 2max +…+P nmax When u o The power supply mode II is equivalent to a multi-input single-output multi-port integrated inverter system in which multiple input sources and multiple windings are connected in parallel and simultaneously supply power, wherein the power supply mode II is shown in FIG. 13; when P o ＝P 1max +P 2max +…+P nmax When θ=90°, the active power output by the dc-port high-frequency inverter circuit of the energy storage element is zero, and the energy storage element neither charges nor discharges—power supply mode iii, which is equivalent to the multiple-input single-output multi-port integrated inverter system shown in fig. 14. Thus, the energy management control strategy can be based on P o And P 1max +P 2max +…+P nmax The relative size of the energy storage element DC port high-frequency inverter circuit is controlled in real time to realize the maximum power output of multiple input sources such as photovoltaic, wind power and the like, the power distribution of two types of DC ports, the stability of the output voltage of the system and the smooth and seamless switching power of the system under three different power supply modesCan be used. Based on the above, the maximum power of the multi-input source output under the extreme working condition is limited, so that the power-limiting energy management SPWM control strategy of the maximum power tracking loop and the multi-input source maximum output power limiting loop with the input current instantaneous value feedback of the energy storage element direct current port high-frequency inverter circuit output voltage independent control loop shown in fig. 8 can be realized.
Compared with the technical scheme of a time-sharing power supply type single-stage low-frequency chain new energy multi-port integrated power supply system and a power frequency isolation type single-stage new energy multi-port hybrid power device integrated inverter, the invention has the advantages that the four power switches of the bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit have large voltage stress, namely U because of different topological structures, circuit connection relations and power-limiting energy management control strategies i1 +U i2 +…+U in Or the energy storage element voltage U b But obtain "n-way input source U i1 、U i2 、…、U in The duty ratio adjustment range of (2) is large, and U is pressed in one switching period i1 +U i2 +…+U in 、U i1 +U i2 +…+U in-1 、…、U i1 The power is supplied to the load simultaneously in sequence, which is only applicable to multiple input source voltage U i1 -U imax Not less than 300V and U imax -U imin Scenes less than or equal to 100V, U imax ＝max(U i2 、…、U in ),U imin ＝min(U i2 、…、U in ) "technical effect.
Claims (2)
1. A multi-port integrated power supply system for new energy sources in a single-stage power frequency link with simultaneous power supply is characterized in that: the topology structure of the power supply system is that a three-winding power frequency transformer is used for providing an output filter inductance L f1 New energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit of simultaneous selection switch circuit, and output filter inductance L f2 Energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit and output filter capacitor C f The connection structure is formed, n is the path number of multiple input sources and is not less than 2 natural numbers; the new energy n-input single with the simultaneous selection switch circuitEach input end of the output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit is connected with each output end of the n input filters which are not grounded in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the output end of the output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit is connected with the output filter inductance L f1 N input source port winding N of three-winding power frequency transformer 11 Phase cascade, L f1 From external inductor and winding N 11 Is connected in series or is formed by winding N 11 Is realized by leakage inductance; the input end of the energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit is connected with the output end of the input filter, and the output end is connected with the output filter inductance L f2 And energy storage element port winding N of three-winding power frequency transformer 12 Phase cascade, L f2 From external inductor and winding N 12 Is connected in series or is formed by winding N 12 Is realized by leakage inductance; the output filter capacitor C f Output load port winding N of power frequency transformer with three windings 2 Is connected with each other; the new energy n-input single-output bidirectional high-frequency inverter circuit with the simultaneous selection switch circuit is formed by sequentially cascading n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits and single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuits, the n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits are equivalent to a single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit at any moment, the n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits are formed by forward and backward serial connection of positive and negative polarity output ends of each path of n-path bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuits, each path of bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit is formed by a selection switch capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress and a selection diode, an emitter of the selection switch is connected with a cathode of the selection diode, a collector of the selection switch and an anode of the selection diode are respectively a positive and a negative polarity input end of the path of the bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit, and an anode of the selection diode are respectively a positive and a negative polarity output end of the path of the bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit; the two sets of single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuits of the n-input source direct-current port and the energy storage element direct-current port are composed of four high-frequency power switches which bear unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress of a left bridge arm and a right bridge arm or an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, and the collector electrodes of the two upper bridge arm switches and the emission electrodes of the two lower bridge arm switches are respectively connected with the two high-frequency power switchesThe poles are respectively connected with the positive and negative polarity output ends of the n-input single-output bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit or the energy storage element input filter, the emitter of the left upper bridge arm switch and the collector of the left lower bridge arm switch are connected with the output filter inductance L f1 Or L f2 The emitter of the upper right bridge arm switch and the collector of the lower right bridge arm switch are connected with the primary winding N of the power frequency transformer 11 Or N 12 One end of (a) is connected with and outputs a filter inductance L f1 、L f2 The other end of the winding is respectively connected with the primary winding N of the power frequency transformer 11 、N 12 The other end of the first connecting piece is connected with the other end of the second connecting piece; n selection switches S of the n-way bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit s1 、S s2 、…、S sn And n select diodes D s1 、D s2 、…、D sn The voltage stress of (a) is U respectively i1 、U i2 、…、U in The voltage stress of four power switches of the single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit is U i1 +U i2 +…+U in Or U (U) b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The n paths of input sources U of the power supply system i1 、U i2 、…、U in The duty ratio adjustment range of (2) is large, and U is pressed in one switching period i1 +U i2 +…+U in 、U i1 +U i2 +…+U in-1 、…、U i1 The power is supplied to the load simultaneously in sequence, which is only applicable to multiple input source voltage U i1 -U imax Not less than 300V and U imax -U imin Scenes less than or equal to 100V, U imax ＝max(U i2 、…、U in ),U imin ＝min(U i2 、…、U in )。
2. The simultaneous power supply type single-stage power frequency link new energy multiport integrated power supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply system adopts a limited power energy management SPWM control strategy of an input current instantaneous value feedback maximum power tracking loop and a multi-input source maximum output power limiting loop of an output voltage independent control loop of a high-frequency inverter circuit with an energy storage element direct current port; current feedback signals I of 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n th input sources i1f 、I i2f 、…、I inf Reference current signal I obtained by calculating maximum power point with 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n th input sources respectively i1r 、I i2r 、…、I inr The output error amplified signal I is amplified by the comparison of a proportional integral error amplifier 1e 、I 2e 、…、I ne Respectively multiplied by the sine synchronous signals, and output i through an adder 1e +i 2e +…+i ne 、i 2e +i 3e +…+i ne 、…、i ne Signal, system output voltage feedback signal u of With reference sinusoidal voltage u r The output error amplified signal u is compared and amplified by a proportional integral error amplifier e ，i 1e +i 2e +…+i ne 、i 2e +i 3e +…+i ne 、…、i ne And u e Zigzag carrier u with positive and negative polarities respectively corresponding to positive and negative half cycles of system output voltage c The control signal u of the power switch of the n-path bidirectional simultaneous selection switch circuit is output after the intersection and the output voltage gating signal and the proper logic conversion circuit gss1 、u gss2 、…、u gssn And control signal u of single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit power switch gs1 、u gs2 、u gs3 、u gs4 Control signal u of energy storage element single-input single-output bidirectional full-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit power switch gsb1 、u gsb2 、u gsb3 、u gsb4 。
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