CN108199603B - Multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter - Google Patents
Multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter Download PDFInfo
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- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter, which is formed by connecting a plurality of isolated input filters and a shared output filter circuit by a combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper. The inverter has the characteristics of multi-input source electrical isolation, time-sharing power supply, output and input electrical isolation, simple circuit topology, single-stage power conversion, high power density, high conversion efficiency, high reliability in load short circuit, small output capacity, wide application prospect and the like, and lays a key technology for a small-capacity distributed power supply system for realizing combined power supply of various new energy sources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter, belonging to the power electronic conversion technology.
Background
The inverter is a static converter which applies a power semiconductor device to convert unstable and poor direct current electric energy into stable and good alternating current electric energy, and is used for alternating current loads or realizes alternating current grid connection. The inverter with low-frequency electric isolation or high-frequency electric isolation between the output alternating current load or alternating current power grid and the input direct current power supply is respectively called as a low-frequency link inverter and a high-frequency link inverter. The electrical isolation element plays a major role in the inverter: (1) the electrical isolation between the output and the input of the inverter is realized, and the safety reliability and the electromagnetic compatibility of the operation of the inverter are improved; (2) the matching between the output voltage and the input voltage of the inverter is realized, namely the technical effect that the output voltage of the inverter is higher than, equal to or lower than the input voltage is realized, and the application range of the inverter is greatly widened; (3) when the working frequency of the transformer or the energy storage type transformer is above 20kHz, the volume and the weight of the transformer or the energy storage type transformer are greatly reduced, and audio noise is eliminated. Therefore, the inverter has an important application value in secondary power conversion using a dc generator, a battery, a photovoltaic cell, a fuel cell, or the like as a main dc power source.
The new energy sources (also called green energy sources) such as solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy and the like have the advantages of cleanness, no pollution, low price, reliability, richness and the like, thereby having wide application prospect. Due to the increasing shortage of traditional fossil energy (non-renewable energy) such as petroleum, coal and natural gas, serious environmental pollution, global warming, nuclear waste generated by nuclear energy production, environmental pollution and the like, the development and utilization of new energy are receiving more and more attention. The new energy power generation mainly comprises photovoltaic, wind power, fuel cells, water power, geothermal energy and the like, and all the types have the defects of unstable and discontinuous power supply, change along with climatic conditions and the like, so that a distributed power supply system adopting various new energy sources for combined power supply is needed.
A traditional new energy distributed power supply system is shown in figures 1 and 2. The system generally adopts a plurality of single-input direct-current converters to convert electric energy of new energy power generation equipment which does not need energy storage, such as photovoltaic cells, fuel cells, wind driven generators and the like, through one unidirectional direct-current converter respectively, and the output ends of the new energy power generation equipment are connected to a direct-current bus of a common inverter in parallel or in series, so that the combined power supply of various new energy sources is ensured, and the coordinated work can be realized. The distributed power generation system realizes the priority utilization of the power supplied by a plurality of input sources to the load and the energy, improves the stability and the flexibility of the system, but has the defects of two-stage power conversion, low power density, low conversion efficiency, high cost and the like, and the practicability of the distributed power generation system is limited by a great degree.
In order to simplify the circuit structure and reduce the number of power conversion stages, a novel single-stage new energy distributed power supply system needs to be formed by replacing the conventional multi-input inverter with a direct-current converter and an inverter two-stage cascade circuit structure shown in fig. 1 and 2 by the novel multi-input inverter with a single-stage circuit structure shown in fig. 3. The single-stage multi-input inverter allows for multiple new energy inputs, and the nature, magnitude and characteristics of the input sources may be the same or may vary widely. The novel single-stage new energy distributed power supply system has the advantages of simple circuit structure, single-stage power conversion, low cost and the like, and a plurality of input sources simultaneously or in time-sharing mode supply power to a load in one high-frequency switching period.
Therefore, the active search for a single-stage multi-input inverter allowing multiple new energy sources to supply power jointly and a new energy source distributed power supply system thereof is urgent, and the active search has a very important significance for improving the stability and flexibility of the system and realizing the prior utilization or the full utilization of the new energy sources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter which has the characteristics of joint power supply of various new energy sources, mutual isolation of input direct current power supplies, setting of a multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer for a combined type multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper, electrical isolation between output and input, time-sharing power supply of a plurality of input power supplies to a load, simple circuit topology, single-stage power conversion, high conversion efficiency, high reliability during load short circuit, small output capacity, wide application prospect and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback DC chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter is formed by connecting a plurality of mutually isolated input filters and a shared output filter circuit by a combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback DC chopper, wherein each input end of the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback DC chopper is correspondingly connected with the output end of each input filter one by one, and the output end of the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback DC chopper is connected with the output filter circuit; the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is formed by reversely connecting each input end of two identical multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current choppers which respectively output low-frequency positive half cycle and low-frequency negative half cycle unipolar pulse width modulation current waves in parallel with the output end in series one by one, and two non-serial output ends of the two multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current choppers are output ends of the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper; each multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is formed by connecting a plurality of mutually isolated bidirectional power flow single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuits and a high-frequency rectifier formed by a shared rectification and polarity selection two-quadrant high-frequency power switch through a multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer, each input end of the multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer is correspondingly connected with the output end of each high-frequency inverter circuit one by one, and the output end of the multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer is connected with the input end of the high-frequency rectifier; the input end of each high-frequency inverter circuit is the input end of the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper, each high-frequency inverter circuit is composed of a four-quadrant high-frequency power switch and a two-quadrant high-frequency power switch or only composed of a four-quadrant high-frequency power switch, and the output filter circuit is composed of a filter capacitor or is composed of a filter capacitor and a filter inductor which are sequentially cascaded.
The invention relates to a multi-input inverter circuit structure formed by two-stage cascading of a direct current converter and an inverter of a traditional multi-new-energy combined power supply system, which is constructed into a novel multi-winding time-sharing power supply single-stage multi-input inverter circuit structure, and provides a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter circuit structure, a topology family and an energy management control strategy thereof, namely the circuit structure is formed by connecting a plurality of mutually isolated input filters and a shared output filter circuit through providing a combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper.
The multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback DC chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter can invert a plurality of mutually isolated and unstable input DC voltages into stable and high-quality output AC required by a load, and has the characteristics of mutual isolation of multi-input DC power supplies, electrical isolation of output and input, time-sharing power supply of the multi-input power supplies to the load, simple circuit topology, single-stage power conversion, high conversion efficiency, wide input voltage variation range, high reliability during overload and short circuit of the load, small output capacity, wide application prospect and the like. The comprehensive performance of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter is superior to that of a multi-input inverter formed by two-stage cascading of a traditional direct current converter and an inverter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a conventional two-stage new energy distributed power supply system with a plurality of unidirectional dc converters connected in parallel at output terminals.
Fig. 2 shows a conventional two-stage new energy distributed power supply system with a plurality of unidirectional dc converters connected in series at output terminals.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a novel single-stage multiple-input inverter.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter.
Fig. 5 is a circuit structure diagram of a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter.
Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of a steady-state principle of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter controlled by an output voltage instantaneous value SPWM.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single-tube flyback dc-chopper type circuit topology example i-a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback dc-chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter circuit.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a circuit topology example two-double-tube flyback dc-chopper type circuit of a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback dc-chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a circuit topology example of a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter, namely a three-parallel interleaving single-tube flyback direct current chopper type circuit.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a circuit topology example of a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter, i.e., a four-parallel interleaving double-tube flyback direct current chopper type circuit.
Fig. 11 is a master-slave power distribution energy management control block diagram of the output voltage and input current instantaneous values SPWM of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply single-tube type and double-tube type isolated flyback dc chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter.
Fig. 12 is a waveform diagram of the output voltage and input current instantaneous values SPWM master-slave power distribution energy management control principle of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply single-tube and double-tube isolated flyback dc chopper type single-stage multiple-input inverter.
Fig. 13 is a master-slave power distribution energy management control block diagram of the output voltage and input current instantaneous values SPWM of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply parallel interleaved single-tube type and parallel interleaved double-tube type isolated flyback dc chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter.
Fig. 14 is a waveform diagram of the output voltage and input current instantaneous values SPWM master-slave power distribution energy management control principle of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply parallel interleaved single-tube type and parallel interleaved double-tube type isolated flyback dc chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter.
Fig. 15 shows a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback dc chopper type single-stage multiple-input independent power supply system with an output connected in parallel with a single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter.
Fig. 16, maximum power output energy management control strategy with single stage isolated bidirectional charge-discharge converter output voltage independent control loop.
FIG. 17, output voltage u of independent power supply systemoOutput current iLfAnd an output filter inductor iLf' waveform.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples of the specification.
The multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter is formed by connecting a plurality of mutually isolated input filters and a shared output filter circuit by a combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper, wherein each input end of the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is correspondingly connected with the output end of each input filter one by one, and the output end of the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is connected with the output filter circuit; the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is formed by reversely connecting each input end of two identical multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current choppers which respectively output low-frequency positive half cycle and low-frequency negative half cycle unipolar pulse width modulation current waves in parallel with the output end in series one by one, and two non-serial output ends of the two multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current choppers are output ends of the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper; each multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is formed by connecting a plurality of mutually isolated bidirectional power flow single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuits and a high-frequency rectifier formed by a shared rectification and polarity selection two-quadrant high-frequency power switch through a multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer, each input end of the multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer is correspondingly connected with the output end of each high-frequency inverter circuit one by one, and the output end of the multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer is connected with the input end of the high-frequency rectifier; the input end of each high-frequency inverter circuit is the input end of the combined multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper, each high-frequency inverter circuit is composed of a four-quadrant high-frequency power switch and a two-quadrant high-frequency power switch or only composed of a four-quadrant high-frequency power switch, and the output filter circuit is composed of a filter capacitor or is composed of a filter capacitor and a filter inductor which are sequentially cascaded.
A schematic block diagram, a circuit structure and a steady-state principle waveform of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter during control of an output voltage instantaneous value SPWM are respectively shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6. In FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, Ui1、Ui2、…、UinInputting a DC voltage source (n is a natural number greater than 1) for n paths, ZLFor single-phase output of AC loads, uo、ioRespectively a single phase output ac voltage (including ac grid voltage) and an ac current. The combined multi-input single-output isolated bidirectional flyback DC chopper consists of two same unipolar pulse width modulation current waves i which respectively output a low-frequency positive half cycle and a low-frequency negative half cycleo1、io2Each input end of the multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is in one-to-one correspondence with the parallel output ends and is reversely connected in series, two non-serial output ends of the two multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current choppers are output ends of the combined type multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper, and the two same multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current choppers respectively use a multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer to enable a plurality of mutually isolated bidirectional power flow single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuits and a shared rectification and polarity selection circuitThe high-frequency rectifier formed by two-quadrant high-frequency power switches is formed by sequentially cascading a plurality of single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuits, a multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer and a shared high-frequency rectifier for rectification and polarity selection, and is equivalent to a bidirectional power flow single-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper at any time. Two same multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current choppers work for half of a low-frequency period in turn in a low-frequency output voltage period, namely when one direct current chopper works to output i of a low-frequency positive half periodo1While the other DC chopper is deactivated and the polarity selection is conducted by the two-quadrant power switch, i o20 and uo20, and outputting sine alternating current u after passing through an output filterO、iOPositive half-cycle of (c); on the contrary, when one direct current chopper works to output i of low-frequency negative half cycleo2While the other DC chopper is deactivated and the polarity selection is conducted by the two-quadrant power switch, i o10 and uo10, and outputting sine alternating current u after passing through an output filterO、iONegative half cycles of (c). Each single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuit consists of a four-quadrant high-frequency power switch and a two-quadrant high-frequency power switch or only consists of the four-quadrant high-frequency power switch, the shared high-frequency rectifier for rectification and polarity selection consists of the two-quadrant high-frequency power switches, and power devices such as an MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor), an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor), a GTR (thyristor controlled resistor) and the like can be selected. The output filter circuit is formed by filter capacitors or by sequentially cascading the filter capacitors and filter inductors, and circuit diagrams of an output capacitor filter suitable for a passive alternating current load and an output capacitor inductor filter suitable for an alternating current power grid load are drawn in the circuit diagrams; the n-path input filter is an LC filter (filter inductor L with an added virtual frame)i1、Li2、…、Lin) Or a capacitor filter (filter inductor L without adding a virtual frame)i1、Li2、…、Lin) When an LC filter is adopted, the n input direct current paths are smoother. The n-path high-frequency inverter circuit in each multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct-current chopper respectively inputs a direct-current voltage source Ui1、Ui2、…、UinUnipolar tri-state multi-slope SPWM current wave i with modulated amplitude distributed according to sinusoidal envelope curveN111+iN121+…+iN1n1、iN211+iN221+…+iN2n1Transformer T of the energy-accumulating type1、T2The isolation and high-frequency rectifier is rectified into a unipolar three-state single-slope SPWM current wave i with the amplitude distributed according to a sinusoidal envelope curveo1、io2After the output filter capacitor, high-quality sine alternating-current voltage u is obtained on the single-phase alternating-current passive load or the single-phase alternating-current power gridoOr sinusoidal alternating current ioN input pulse currents of each n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback DC chopper flow through an input filter Li1-Ci1、Li2-Ci2、…、Lin-CinOr Ci1、Ci2、…、CinThen inputting a direct current power supply U in n pathsi1、Ui2、…、UinTo obtain a smooth input direct current Ii1、Ii2、…、Iin. The effective value of the output sine voltage is set as UoThe number of turns of the primary winding of the energy storage type transformer is N111＝N211＝N11、N121＝N221＝N21、…、N1n1＝N2n1＝Nn1Number of turns of secondary winding N12＝N22＝N2The inductances of the primary windings being L respectively11、L21、…、Ln1Inductance of secondary winding is L2Then the dual-polarity two-state multi-level SPWM voltage wave u12、u22Has an amplitude of
and-Ui1N2/N11、-Ui2N2/N21、…、-UinN2/Nn1Unipolar three-state multilevel SPWM current wave iN111(iN211)、iN121(iN221)、…、iN1n1(iN2n1) Respectively, the rising slopes ofi1/L11、Ui2/L21、…、Uin/Ln1Unipolar tri-state single-level SPWM current wave io1、io2Has a falling slope of-uo/L2。
The multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter belongs to a buck-boost type inverter, n input sources supply power to a load in a time-sharing mode, and the principle of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter is equivalent to the superposition of magnetic fluxes generated by the input sources in an energy storage type transformer or current increment generated by a primary side inductor of the energy storage type transformer. Setting power selection switch S111(S111′、S112、S112′、S211、S211′、S212、S212′)、S121(S121′、S122、S122′、S221、S221′、S222、S222′)、…、S1n1(S1n1′、S1n2、S1n2′、S2n1、S2n1′、S2n2、S2n2') has a duty cycle of d1、d2、…、dnThe output voltage uo and the input direct current voltage (U) can be deduced according to the fact that the increment of the magnetic flux in a high-frequency switching period is approximately equal to the decrement of the magnetic flux when the high-frequency energy storage type transformer is in a steady statei1、Ui2、…、Uin) Energy-storage transformer turn ratio (N)2/N11、N2/N21、…、N2/Nn1) Duty ratio (d)1、d2、…、dn) The relation between, i.e. uo＝(d1Ui1N2/N11+d2Ui2N2/N21+…+dnUinN2/Nn1)/(1-d1-d2-…-dn). For a suitable duty cycle (d)1、d2、…、dn) And turn ratio (N) of energy-storage transformer2/N11、N2/N21、…、N2/Nn1)，uoCan be greater than, equal to or less than the sum U of the input DC voltagesi1+Ui2+…+UinAn energy storage transformer in the inverterNot only the safety reliability and the electromagnetic compatibility of the operation of the inverter are improved, but also the function of matching the output voltage with the input voltage is achieved, namely the output voltage of the inverter is higher than, equal to or lower than the sum U of the input direct-current voltagei1+Ui2+…+UinThe application range of the method is greatly widened. When d is more than 0.51+d2+…+dn< 1 or 0 < d1+d2+…+dnWhen < 0.5, u is presento＞Ui1N2/N11+Ui2N2/N21+…+UinN2/Nn1Or uo＜Ui1N2/N11+Ui2N2/N21+…+UinN2/Nn1I.e. the output voltage uoHigher or lower than the input DC voltage (U)i1、Ui2、…、Uin) Turns ratio (N) of energy-storage transformer2/N11、N2/N21、…、N2/Nn1) Sum of products of (1) Ui1N2/N11+Ui2N2/N21+…+UinN2/Nn1(ii) a Because the inverter belongs to a single-stage circuit structure, the output and the input are isolated by the energy storage type transformer, and the combined type multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is provided with the multi-input single-output energy storage type transformer, the inverter is called a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type (buck-boost type) single-stage multi-input inverter. The energy storage type transformer has two working modes of high-frequency magnetic reset and low-frequency magnetic reset, the energy storage type transformer realizes magnetic flux reset in a high-frequency switching period, and belongs to a high-frequency link inverter in order to avoid that power reverse flow can only work in a critical CCM mode and adopt a PFM control strategy without audio noise; the latter is that the energy storage transformer realizes magnetic flux reset in an output low-frequency period, works in a CCM mode and a constant-frequency SPWM control strategy, has audio noise, and does not belong to a high-frequency link inverter. The n input sources of the inverter supply power to the output alternating current load in a time-sharing manner, and the duty ratios can be the same (d)1＝d2＝…＝dn) Or may be different (d)1≠d2≠…≠dn)。
The multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter disclosed by the invention shares one combined type multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper and one output filter circuit, so that the circuit structure of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter is essentially different from the circuit structure of a traditional multi-input inverter formed by two-stage cascading of a direct current converter and an inverter. Therefore, the inverter has novelty and creativity, has the characteristics of electrical isolation of output and input, time-sharing power supply of a multi-input power supply, simple circuit topology, single-stage power conversion, large voltage-boosting and voltage-reducing ratio, wide input voltage variation range, flexible input voltage preparation, high conversion efficiency (meaning small energy loss), high reliability during overload and short circuit of a load, small output capacity, low cost, wide application prospect and the like, is an ideal energy-saving and consumption-reducing single-stage multi-input inverter, and has important value at present when building an energy-saving and energy-saving society is vigorously advocated.
The multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter circuit topology family embodiment is shown in fig. 7, 8, 9 and 10. In the circuits shown in fig. 7-10, each single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuit is composed of 1-2 four-quadrant high-frequency power switches and 1-2 two-quadrant high-frequency power switches (some circuits also include power diodes) or only 1-2 four-quadrant high-frequency power switches, one shared high-frequency rectifier for rectification and polarity selection is realized by a plurality of two-quadrant high-frequency power switches, and two multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback dc choppers in the combined type multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback dc chopper work for half a low-frequency output period in turn. Specifically, the single-tube flyback dc chopper type circuit shown in fig. 7 is implemented by 2n four-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing bidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, and 4 two-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress; FIG. 8 shows a double-transistor flyback DC chopper type circuit, which is composed of 2n four-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing bidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress2n +4 two-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress and 4n diodes are turned off; fig. 9 shows a parallel interleaved single-tube flyback dc chopper type circuit, which is implemented by 4n four-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing bidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, and 6 two-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress; the parallel interleaved double-tube flyback dc chopper type circuit shown in fig. 10 is implemented by 4n four-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing bidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, 4n +6 two-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, and 8n diodes. It should be noted that the circuits shown in fig. 7-10 show the case where the input filter is an LC filter, and are limited to the case where the input filter is not a capacitor filter; the circuits shown in fig. 7-10 show only the circuit diagram of an output capacitive filter for a passive ac load, and not the circuit diagram of an output capacitive inductive filter for an ac grid load. The power switch voltage stress of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback dc chopper type single-stage multiple-input inverter topology embodiment is shown in table 1. In Table 1, UN2max＝max(Ui1N2/N11、Ui2N2/N21、…、UinN2/Nn1)，UoFor outputting a sinusoidal voltage uoIs determined. The single-tube type and parallel staggered single-tube type circuits are suitable for low-power low-voltage input inversion occasions, and the double-tube type and parallel staggered double-tube type circuits are suitable for low-power high-voltage input inversion occasions. The circuit topology family is suitable for converting a plurality of mutually isolated and unstable input direct current voltages into output alternating current with required voltage and stable and high quality, and can be used for realizing a novel single-stage multiple new energy distributed power supply system with excellent performance and wide application prospect, such as photovoltaic cells 40-60VDC/220V50HzAC or115V400HzAC, proton exchange membrane fuel cells 85-120V/220V50HzAC or115V400HzAC, medium and small-sized family wind power generation 24-36-48VDC/220V50HzAC or115V400HzAC, large-scale wind power generation 510VDC/220V50HzAC or115V400HzAC and the like, and alternating current load or alternating current power gridAnd (5) supplying power.
Table 1 power switch voltage stress for multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback dc chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter topology embodiment
The energy management control strategy is crucial to various new energy combined power supply systems. Due to the presence of multiple input sources and corresponding power switching units, multiple duty cycles need to be controlled, i.e. there are multiple degrees of freedom of control, which provides the possibility for energy management of multiple new energy sources. An energy management control strategy of a multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter needs to have three functions of energy management of an input source, MPPT (maximum power point tracking) and output voltage (current) control of new energy power generation equipment such as a photovoltaic cell and a wind driven generator, and sometimes, charging and discharging control of a storage battery and smooth and seamless switching of a system under different power supply modes need to be considered. The multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter adopts two different energy management modes: (1) in the energy management mode I, namely a master-slave power distribution mode, the power required by a load is known to be provided by the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 st input sources of the master power supply equipment as much as possible, the input current of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 st input sources is given, which is equivalent to the input power of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 st input sources, the insufficient power required by the load is provided by the nth input source of the slave power supply equipment, and a storage battery energy storage device does not need to be added; (2) in the energy management mode II, namely the maximum power output mode, the 1 st input source, the 2 nd input source, the … th input source and the n th input source are all output to a load with the maximum power, storage battery energy storage equipment is omitted, the requirement of a grid-connected power generation system on the full utilization of energy is met, and if an output end is connected with a storage battery charging and discharging device in parallel, the stability of the output voltage (current) of an independent power supply system can be realized. When the input voltage of the n paths of new energy sources is given, the input current of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n paths of input sources is controlled, so that the input power of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n paths of input sources is controlled.
The energy management control strategy of the inverter is discussed by taking the energy storage type transformer as an example to realize magnetic flux reset in an output low-frequency period, work in a CCM mode and adopt a constant-frequency SPWM control strategy. The multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter adopts an output voltage and input current instantaneous value SPWM master-slave power distribution energy management control strategy to form an independent power supply system; or an input current instantaneous value SPWM maximum power output energy management control strategy is adopted to form a grid-connected power generation system. The output power of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th input source output power is fixed, and the output voltage and input current instantaneous value SPWM of the insufficient power required by the nth input source supplementary load, the master-slave power distribution energy management control block diagram and the control principle waveform are respectively shown in the graphs of FIGS. 11, 12, 13 and 14. Fig. 11 and 12 show control schemes for single-pipe and double-pipe circuit topologies, and fig. 13 and 14 show control schemes for parallel-interleaved single-pipe and parallel-interleaved double-pipe circuit topologies, which are very similar in nature. The basic idea of the control scheme is that n high-frequency inverter circuits in each multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct-current chopper respectively input a direct-current voltage source Ui1、Ui2、…、UinUnipolar tri-state multi-slope SPWM current wave i with modulated amplitude distributed according to sinusoidal envelope curveN111+iN121+…+iN1n1、iN211+iN221+…+iN2n1The on-time of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 st high-frequency inverter circuit power switches is obtained by intercepting the sawtooth wave according to the product of the error current and the reference sine synchronous signal (realizing the maximum power output of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 st input sources), the on-time of the nth selection power switch is obtained by intercepting the sawtooth wave according to the error voltage (realizing the complement of the nth input source power), and the on-time T of the n high-frequency inverter circuit power switcheson1、Ton2、…、TonnThe sum of the total conduction time T of the inverter switchonTransformer T of the energy-accumulating type1(T′1)、T2(T′2) The isolation and high-frequency rectifier is rectified into a unipolar three-state single-slope SPWM current wave i with the amplitude distributed according to a sinusoidal envelope curveo1、io2Filtering to obtain high-quality sinusoidal AC voltage uoOr sinusoidal alternating current io(ii) a The control strategy is applicable to the circuits shown in fig. 7-10 by adjusting the output voltage error signal to achieve stabilization of the inverter output voltage. The 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 th input sources are calculated by the maximum power point to obtain a reference current signal I＊ i1r、I＊ i2r、…、I＊ i(n-1)rInput current feedback signal I of inverter circuit 1, 2, … and n-1i1f、Ii2f、…、Ii(n-1)fReference current signal I with No. 1, No. 2, No. … and No. n-1i1r、Ii2r、…、Ii(n-1)rThe error signal I is amplified by comparison of a proportional-integral regulator1e、I2e、…、I(n-1)eRespectively multiplied by the reference sine synchronous signals to obtain i1e、i2e、…、i(n-1)eAnd an inverted signal-i1e、-i2e、…、-i(n-1)eOutput voltage feedback signal u of inverterofWith reference sinusoidal voltage urObtaining a voltage error amplification signal u through comparison and amplification of a proportional-integral regulatore，i1e、i2e、…、i(n-1)e、ue、-i1e、-i2e、…、-i(n-1)e、-ueAre respectively matched with the unipolar sawtooth-shaped carrier wave ucIn comparison, the power switch control signal u of the single-tube type and double-tube type circuit topologies shown in fig. 7 and 8 is obtained by considering the output voltage polarity selection signal and through a proper combinational logic circuitgs111(ugs′111)、ugs121(ugs′121)、…、ugs1n1(ugs′1n1)、ugs211(ugs′211)、ugs221(ugs′221)、…、ugs2n1(ugs′2n1)、ugs13、ugs23、ugs15、ugs25Or the power switch control signal u of the parallel interleaved single-tube and parallel interleaved double-tube circuit topologies shown in fig. 9 and 10gs111(ugs′111)、ugs121(ugs′121)、…、ugs1n1(ugs′1n1)、ugs112(ugs′112)、ugs122(ugs′122)、…、ugs1n2(ugs′1n2)、ugs211(ugs′211)、ugs221(ugs′221)、…、ugs2n1(ugs′2n1)、ugs212(ugs′212)、ugs222(ugs′222)、…、ugs2n2(ugs′2n2)、ugs13、ugs14、ugs15、ugs23、ugs24、ugs25. When the load power PoWhen the output voltage is larger than the sum of the maximum powers of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 th input sourcesoReducing, the voltage regulator output voltage ueIs greater than the threshold comparison level UtAnd I1e、I2e、…、I(n-1)eAre all greater than zero, diode D1、D2、…、Dn-1Blocking, the 1 st, 2 nd, … th, n-1 th current regulators and the nth voltage regulator work independently, i.e. Ii1r＝I＊ i1r、Ii2r＝I＊ i2r、…、Ii(n-1)r＝I＊ i(n-1)rThe 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 th circuit current regulators are used for realizing the maximum power output of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 th input sources, the nth circuit voltage regulator is used for realizing the stability of the output voltage of the inverter, and the n-th input sources supply power to the load in a time-sharing manner; when the load power PoWhen the output voltage is less than the sum of the maximum powers of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 th input sourcesoIncrease when the voltage regulator output voltage ueIs reduced to a threshold comparison level UtWhen following, diode Dn-1On, D1、D2、…、Dn-2When the input voltage is still blocked, the hysteresis comparison circuit n +1 outputs low level, the nth input source stops supplying power, the voltage regulator and the current regulator form a double closed-loop control system, the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 th input sources supply power to the load in a time-sharing mode in a switching period, and the reference current I of the current regulatori(n-1)rDecrease, i.e. Ii(n-1)r＜I＊ i(n-1)rN-1 th input source outputThe power is reduced (working at a non-maximum working point), the output power of the nth path input source is reduced to zero, and the output voltage u of the inverter is reducedoAnd tends to be stable. By regulating the reference voltage u as the input voltage or load variesrOr the feedback voltage uofTo change the error voltage signal ueAnd an error current signal i1e、i2e、…、i(n-1)eThereby changing the duty ratio d1、d2、…、dnTherefore, the regulation and stabilization of the output voltage and the input current (output power) of the inverter can be realized.
When the nth input source in fig. 11-14 is designed as input current feedback to control the input current, an input current instantaneous value SPWM maximum power output energy management control strategy is constructed. The 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-way current regulators respectively work independently and are all used for realizing the maximum power output of respective input sources, and the n-way input sources supply power to a load in a time-sharing manner.
The control principle waveforms shown in fig. 12 and 14 mark the high frequency switching period TSA certain high frequency switching period TSConduction time T of internal 1 st, 2 nd, … th input sourceon1、Ton2、…、TonnAnd total on-time T of inverter switchon＝Ton1+Ton2+…+TonnTotal on-time T of inverter switchonThe variation in the output voltage period is sinusoidal.
When energy is transmitted from the input direct current power supply side to the output alternating current load side in the forward direction, the n turn ratios of the double-tube type and parallel-connection staggered double-tube type circuit energy storage type transformer must meet the requirement
In order to form an independent power supply system capable of fully utilizing energy of multiple input sources, the multiple input sources should work in a maximum power output mode and energy storage equipment needs to be configured to realize the stability of output voltage, namely, one input source is connected in parallel with the output end of an inverterA single stage isolated bidirectional charge-discharge converter as shown in fig. 15. The single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter consists of an input filter (L)i、CiOr Ci) High-frequency inverter, high-frequency transformer, cycle converter, output filter (L)f′、Cf') is cascaded in sequence, and the cycle converter is composed of four-quadrant high-frequency power switches capable of bearing bidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress. The single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter is respectively equivalent to a single-stage high-frequency link DC-AC converter and a single-stage high-frequency link AC-DC converter when energy is transmitted in the forward direction (energy storage equipment is discharged) and transmitted in the reverse direction (energy storage equipment is charged).
The independent power supply system adopts a maximum power output energy management control strategy with a single-stage isolated bidirectional charge-discharge converter output voltage independent control loop, as shown in fig. 16. When the load power Po＝UoIoGreater than the sum P of the maximum powers of the plurality of input sources1max+P2max+…+PnmaxWhen the power supply is started, energy storage equipment such as a storage battery, a super capacitor and the like provides needed insufficient power to a load through a single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter, namely a power supply mode II, and the energy storage equipment independently provides power to the load, namely a power supply mode III, and belongs to the extreme situation of the power supply mode II; when the load power Po＝UoIoLess than the sum P of the maximum powers of the plurality of input sources1max+P2max+…+PnmaxAnd in the time, the residual energy output by the plurality of input sources is used for charging the energy storage equipment through the single-stage isolation bidirectional charging and discharging converter, namely, the power supply mode I. Using the band elimination load as an example, the power flow direction control of the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter is discussed, as shown in fig. 17. For output filter capacitor Cf、Cf' and load ZLIn other words, the parallel connection of the output ends of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter and the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter is equivalent to the parallel connection superposition of two current sources. As can be seen from the energy management control strategy shown in fig. 16, the output current i of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback dc-chopper type single-stage multi-input inverterLfFundamental component of and output voltage uoThe same frequency and the same phase are adopted, and active power is output; the charging and discharging converter outputs a voltage uoAnd a reference voltage uorefError amplified signal uoeControlled by SPWM signal generated by intercepting the high-frequency carrier wave, which outputs a filtered inductor current iLf' and uoThere is a phase difference theta between them, and a different phase difference theta means that active power with different magnitude and direction is output. When P is presento＝P1max+P2max+…+PnmaxWhen theta is equal to 90 degrees, the active power output by the charge-discharge converter is zero, and the charge-discharge converter is in an idle state; when P is presento>P1max+P2max+…+PnmaxWhen u is turned onoThe theta is reduced to be less than 90 degrees, the charging and discharging converter outputs active power, and the energy storage equipment discharges to the load, namely the energy storage equipment provides insufficient power required by the load; when P is presento＜P1max+P2max+…+PnmaxWhen u is turned onoAnd increasing theta to be more than 90 degrees, outputting negative active power by the charging and discharging converter, feeding energy back to the energy storage device by the load, namely charging the energy storage device by residual power output by the plurality of input sources, and feeding the energy back to the energy storage device by the load to be the maximum when the theta is 180 degrees. Thus, the energy management control strategy can be based on PoAnd P1max+P2max+…+PnmaxThe relative size of the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter controls the power flow size and direction of the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter in real time, and smooth and seamless switching of the system under three different power supply modes is realized.
Claims (2)
1. A multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter is characterized in that: the inverter is formed by sequentially cascading n paths of mutually isolated input direct current filters, a combined n-input single-output isolated bidirectional flyback direct current chopper and an output alternating current filter circuit, wherein each path of input end of the combined n-input single-output isolated bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is correspondingly connected with the output end of each path of input direct current filter one by one, n is the number of paths of multiple input sources, and n is a natural number greater than 1; the combined n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper comprises two same low-frequency positive half cycles and two same low-frequency low half cycles which are respectively outputEach path of input end of the n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper of the frequency negative half-cycle unipolar sine pulse width modulation current wave is correspondingly connected in parallel and the output ends of the n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper are connected in series in a reverse mode, and the two output ends of the two n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current choppers which are not connected in series in a reverse mode are the output ends of the combined n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper; the two isolated bidirectional flyback direct current choppers work in turn for a half low-frequency period in a low-frequency output voltage period, when one direct current chopper works to output unipolar pulse width modulation current waves of a low-frequency positive half period, the other direct current chopper stops working, the polarity selection is conducted by the two-quadrant power switch, the positive half period of the sinusoidal alternating current is obtained after the output filter circuit, when one direct current chopper works to output unipolar pulse width modulation current waves of a low-frequency negative half period, the other direct current chopper stops working, the polarity selection is conducted by the two-quadrant power switch, and the negative half period of the sinusoidal alternating current is obtained after the output filter circuit; each n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper is formed by sequentially cascading n paths of mutually isolated bidirectional power flow single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuits, n-input single-output energy storage type transformers and bidirectional power flow high-frequency rectifiers, wherein the output end of each path of bidirectional power flow single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuit is correspondingly connected with each path of input end of the n-input single-output energy storage type transformers one by one, and the input end of each path of bidirectional power flow single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuit is each path of input end of the combined n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper; the output alternating current filter circuit is formed by an alternating current filter capacitor or formed by sequentially cascading an alternating current filter capacitor and an alternating current filter inductor; each n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct current chopper circuit is in a single-tube type, double-tube type, parallel-interleaved single-tube type and parallel-interleaved double-tube type topology, each single-tube type high-frequency inverter circuit is composed of a four-quadrant high-frequency power switch bearing bidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, two drain electrodes of the single-tube type high-frequency inverter circuit are respectively connected with a non-negative end of a primary winding of the energy storage type transformer and a negative end of an input direct current source of the energy storage type transformer, and the negative end of the primary winding of the energy storage type transformer is connected with an output positive end of an input direct current filter of the energy storage type transformerThe left bridge arm of each double-tube high-frequency inverter circuit is composed of a four-quadrant high-frequency power switch bearing bidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress and a high-frequency power diode, the right bridge arm is composed of a two-quadrant high-frequency power switch bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress and a high-frequency power diode, a drain electrode of the left upper bridge arm switch and a cathode of the right upper bridge arm diode are both connected with an output positive-polarity end of the input direct-current filter of the circuit, the other drain electrode of the left upper bridge arm switch and a cathode of the left lower bridge arm diode are both connected with a negative-polarity end of the input direct-current source of the circuit, an anode of the left lower bridge arm diode and a source electrode of the right lower bridge arm switch are both connected with a non-negative-polarity end of the original winding of the circuit of the energy-storage transformer, the bidirectional power flow high-frequency rectifier of the single-tube circuit and the double-tube circuit consists of a two-quadrant high-frequency rectifier switch bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress and a two-quadrant polarity selection switch bearing unidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, the drains of the rectifier switch and the polarity selection switch are connected to be used as the non-serial output ends of the two isolated bidirectional flyback DC choppers, the source of the rectifier switch is connected with the non-inverse end of the secondary winding of the energy storage transformer, the source of the polarity selection switch is connected with the inverse-inverse end of the secondary winding of the energy storage transformer to be used as the inverse-serial output ends of the two isolated bidirectional flyback DC choppers, the parallel staggered single-tube circuit consists of two identical single-tube circuits with parallel primary sides and parallel secondary sides and sharing one polarity selection switch, the parallel staggered double-tube circuit consists of two identical double-tube circuits with parallel primary sides, The secondary sides are connected in parallel and share one polarity selection switch, and the four-quadrant high-frequency power switch is formed by connecting two quadrant high-frequency power switches with two source electrodes connected together in a reverse series manner; n high-frequency inverter circuits in each multi-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct-current chopper respectively input n direct-current voltage sources Ui1、Ui2、…、UinThe modulated level amplitude is distributed according to the sine envelope curve and the rising slope is Ui1/L11、Ui2/L21、…、Uin/Ln1The single-polarity three-state multi-slope SPWM current wave is rectified into level amplitude distributed according to a sinusoidal envelope curve and with a falling slope of-u by an energy storage type transformer isolation converter and a high-frequency rectifiero/L2The single-polarity three-state single-slope SPWM current wave obtains sinusoidal alternating voltage or grid-connected sinusoidal current L on the single-phase alternating current load after passing through the output filter circuit11、L21、…、Ln1Inductances, L, of n primary windings of the energy-storing transformer respectively2Inductance u for secondary winding of energy-storage transformeroTo output a sinusoidal voltage transient; the working principle of the inverter is equivalent to the superposition of magnetic fluxes generated by a plurality of input sources in the energy storage type transformer or current increment generated by a primary side inductor of the energy storage type transformer, namely output voltage uoThe turn ratio N of the multi-input direct-current voltage source and the energy storage type transformer2/N11、N2/N21、…、N2/Nn1Duty ratio d of multi-channel input source1、d2、…、dnThe relationship between is uo＝(d1Ui1N2/N11+d2Ui2N2/N21+…+dnUinN2/Nn1)/(1-d1-d2-…-dn) (ii) a The voltage stress of the n-path high-frequency inverter switches of the single-tube type circuit and the parallel staggered single-tube type circuit is respectively
The voltage stress of the n-path high-frequency inverter switch and the n-path high-frequency inverter diode of the double-tube type and parallel staggered double-tube type circuit are respectively Ui1、Ui2、…、UinThe voltage stress of the two-quadrant high-frequency rectifier switch and the two-quadrant polarity selection switch of the single-tube type, double-tube type, parallel staggered single-tube type and parallel staggered double-tube type circuits are respectively
UN2max＝max(Ui1N2/N11、Ui2N2/N21、…、UinN2/Nn1)，UoOutputting a sine voltage effective value; an independent power supply system formed by the inverter adopts a master-slave power distribution energy management control strategy of output voltage and input current instantaneous values SPWM of insufficient power required by the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n-1 st input source output power fixing and the nth input source supplementary load, and a grid-connected power generation system formed by the inverter adopts a management control strategy of SPWM maximum power output energy output by feeding back the input current instantaneous values of the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n th input sources; the n turn ratios of the double-tube type and parallel staggered double-tube type circuit energy storage transformer must meet the requirements
The inverter determines the number of input sources needing to be put into operation by controlling the on-off of n paths of bidirectional power flow single-input single-output high-frequency inverter circuits in each n-input single-output isolation bidirectional flyback direct-current chopper according to the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle of the output voltage and the size of an alternating-current load, wherein the n paths of input sources are U-shaped in one high-frequency switching periodi1、Ui2、…、UinThe power is supplied to the AC load in parallel in sequence and time sharing, so that n input DC voltages which are mutually isolated and unstable are efficiently inverted into sinusoidal AC power required by the AC load in a single-stage isolation manner.
2. The multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback dc-chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter of claim 1, wherein: the output end of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter is connected with a single-stage isolation bidirectional charge and discharge converter of the energy storage device in parallel, so that an independent power supply system which can fully utilize the energy of the n input sources and has stable output voltage is formed; the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter is formed by sequentially cascading an input direct-current filter, a high-frequency inverter, a high-frequency transformer, a cycle converter and an output alternating-current filter, wherein the cycle converter is formed by a four-quadrant high-frequency power switch capable of bearing bidirectional voltage stress and bidirectional current stress, and the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter is respectively equivalent to a single-stage voltage type high-frequency link DC-AC converter and a single-stage current type high-frequency link AC-DC converter when the energy storage equipment is discharged and charged; the independent power supply system adopts a management control strategy of the maximum power output energy of n input sources with a single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter output voltage independent control loop, the n input sources all work in a maximum power output mode, the power flow size and direction of the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter are controlled in real time according to the relative size of the sum of the load power and the maximum power of the n input sources, and the smooth seamless switching of the output voltage of the system and the charge and discharge of energy storage equipment is realized; when the load power is greater than the sum of the maximum powers of the n input sources, the system works in a power supply mode II in which the energy storage device provides required insufficient power to the load through the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter, a power supply mode III in which the energy storage device supplies power to the load independently belongs to the extreme situation of the power supply mode II, and when the load power is less than the sum of the maximum powers of the n input sources, the system works in a power supply mode I in which the residual energy output by the n input sources charges the energy storage device through the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter; for the output alternating current filter capacitor and the alternating current load, the parallel connection of the output ends of the multi-winding time-sharing power supply isolation flyback direct current chopper type single-stage multi-input inverter and the single-stage isolation bidirectional charge-discharge converter is equivalent to the parallel connection superposition of two alternating current sources; the method comprises the steps that 1, 2, … and n paths of input source output currents are subjected to error amplification with 1, 2, … and n paths of input source maximum power point reference currents respectively, 1, 2, … and n paths of error amplification signals are multiplied by sinusoidal synchronous signals and then are intersected with the same high-frequency carrier signal respectively to generate 1, 2, … and n paths of signal control n input inverters, the n input inverters output alternating current filter inductive currents which are in the same frequency and the same phase as output voltages and output active power, and the difference theta between the output alternating current filter inductive currents of a charge-discharge converter controlled by the error amplification signals of the system output voltages and the reference voltages and the high-frequency carrier signals is intersected with the high-frequency carrier signals to generate SPWM signals, wherein the difference theta between the output alternating current filter inductive currents and the system output voltages is different in size and direction, and the difference theta means that; when the alternating current load power is equal to the sum of the maximum powers of the n input sources, theta is equal to 90 degrees, the active power output by the charging and discharging converter is zero, when the alternating current load power is larger than the sum of the maximum powers of the n input sources, the output voltage is reduced, theta is smaller than 90 degrees, the charging and discharging converter outputs the active power, namely the insufficient power required by the alternating current load is provided by the energy storage device, when the alternating current load power is smaller than the sum of the maximum powers of the n input sources, the output voltage is increased, theta is larger than 90 degrees, and the charging and discharging converter outputs the negative active power, namely the residual power output by the.
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