CN103683313B - A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103683313B CN103683313B CN201210336793.5A CN201210336793A CN103683313B CN 103683313 B CN103683313 B CN 103683313B CN 201210336793 A CN201210336793 A CN 201210336793A CN 103683313 B CN103683313 B CN 103683313B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to photovoltaic combining inverter technical field.Including the power inverting unit being made up of power circuit and inversion control unit two parts, power inverting unit mainly includes inputting EMI filter circuit, crisscross parallel Boost circuit, the full bridge inverter of employing hybrid device, exporting grid-connected filter circuit, and inversion control unit mainly includes power grid phase detection circuit, sample circuit and controller.The present invention uses two-stage structure, and prime uses crisscross parallel Boost boosting, reduces the fluctuation of electric current, reduces output voltage ripple；Later stage inversion unit uses combined power device, effectively reduces inversion consumption, improves system effectiveness.Have simple in construction, circuit is easily controlled, facilitate the feature of dilatation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic combining inverter technical field, particularly relate to a kind of employing combined power device
Photovoltaic combining inverter.
Background technology
Progress and the continuous decline of cost, solar grid-connected generating skill along with photovoltaic silicon material refinement technique
Art is developed rapidly, and as the key link of electric energy conversion, converters is for photovoltaic system
System overall performance occupies very important status with reliability.The design of solar photovoltaic inverter is
System efficiency is one of factor of emphasis consideration, and the least power attenuation not only saves energy, it is also possible to
Reduce temperature rise, improve system reliability, and make system more compact, thus reduce cost.Conventional is double
Level formula combining inverter prime generally uses Boost circuit, and rear class uses same size power tube
Full-bridge inverting, middle a large amount of electrochemical capacitors in parallel are filtered and energy storage.But the Boost of routine boosts
Circuit output current ripple is relatively big, greatly have impact on the service life of middle electrochemical capacitor, and prime
Circuit dilatation difficulty, easily causes current fluctuation when the most multiple power tubes carry out dilatation, reduces
The reliability of system.The most conventional four power tubes of full bridge inverter the most all use insulated gate
Bipolar transistor (IGBT) or field-effect transistor (MOSFET).When four power tubes are the most all adopted
When using IGBT, owing to IGBT switching frequency is lower relative to MOSFET, switching speed is relatively slow, harmonic wave
Relatively big, grid-connected current waveform is poor.And when four power tubes the most all use MOSFET, MOSFET
Conduction loss is big, reduces system effectiveness, and during relatively high power, system heat generation is serious.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the weak point avoiding above-mentioned technology to exist, it is provided that a kind of employing mixed type power device
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, for realizing highly reliable, the middle low power photovoltaic grid-connected inverting of high efficiency, low cost
Design and the control of system provide solution, its framework optimized and control method, in that context it may be convenient to improve
System reliability and efficiency, and improve the quality of grid-connected current.
The present invention solves technical problem and adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
System mainly by input EMI filter circuit 1., crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2., use mixed
The full bridge inverter of clutch part 3., export grid-connected filter circuit 4., power grid phase detection circuit 5., adopt
Sample circuit 6., the controller part composition such as 7..Its annexation is: photovoltaic battery panel group is connected through defeated
Entering EMI filter circuit and be 1. input to crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2., crisscross parallel Boost boosts
3. 2. circuit be connected with the full bridge inverter using hybrid device by dc bus, full bridge inverter
3. 4. it is connected with external electrical network through the grid-connected filter circuit of output.Controller 7. by sample circuit 6. and electricity
3. 2. net phase detecting circuit be connected with full bridge inverter with crisscross parallel Boost circuit the most respectively
2. and full-bridge inverting is electric with crisscross parallel Boost circuit by output PWM and SPWM for controller simultaneously
Road power tube 3. is connected.
Further, 2. crisscross parallel Boost circuit is in parallel by two-way Boost circuit,
Every road outfan is connected a carborundum (SIC) diode (D1 and D2) respectively, two MOSFET merits
Rate pipe S1 and S2, with the staggered conducting of high frequency, realizes maximum power point by the dutycycle controlling S1 and S2
Tracing control.
Further, full bridge inverter 3. four power tubes use mixed type power device, two, top
Power tube S3 and S5 is insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and one carborundum of inverse parallel respectively
Diode, two, bottom power tube S4 and S6 is field-effect transistor (MOSFET).
Further, 3. full bridge inverter is unipolarity Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation, power tube S3 and S5
Turning on power frequency speed complementation, this industrial frequency control ripple is Tong Bu with external electrical network, and power tube S4 and S6 is by just
String pulse width modulated wave controls, and modulating wave and synchronized.
Further, described controller 7. by sampling DC bus-bar voltage, line voltage, grid-connected current,
Mains frequency, and zero cross detection circuit, realized by electric current loop feedback PI control algolithm with photovoltaic maximum work
Rate is grid-connected.
Compared with prior art, the notable benefit of the present invention is embodied in:
1. prime core topology is two Boost circuit crisscross parallels, it is possible to be effectively realized higher-wattage
Volume output, it is to avoid the switching tube directly current fluctuation caused in parallel, reduces switching tube
Capacity requirement, improves input current ripple frequency, reduces ripple amplitude, is conducive to filtering
The design of circuit and reduction switching loss.
2. four power tubes of full bridge inverter use mixed type power device, use two by top
The power frequency conducting of IGBT effectively reduces the conduction loss of switching tube, generates heat less, improves and is
System efficiency.And the two of bottom MOSFET are with high frequency sinusoidal PWM duty, harmonic wave is little, and
Net current waveform quality is good.
3. crisscross parallel Boost circuit output series diode and the IGBT inverse parallel two of full-bridge inverting
Pole pipe is silicon carbide diode, utilizes zero reverse recovery time of silicon carbide diode, effectively
Raising system effectiveness, reduce system EMI.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes of the application
Point, it is not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter principle schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter main circuit structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter crisscross parallel Boost circuit of the present invention controls waveform diagram；
Fig. 4 a is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter crisscross parallel Boost circuit switching tube S1 of the present invention conducting, opens
Close pipe S2 and turn off operating diagram；
Fig. 4 b is that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter crisscross parallel Boost circuit switching tube S1 of the present invention turns off, opens
Close pipe S2 and turn off operating diagram；
Fig. 4 c is that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter crisscross parallel Boost circuit switching tube S1 of the present invention turns off, opens
Close pipe S2 ON operation schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention uses the inverter circuit of combined power device to control waveform diagram；
Fig. 6 a is that the inverter circuit switching tube S3 and switching tube S6 of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention turn off, switch
Inverter circuit schematic diagram during pipe S4 and switching tube S5 conducting；
Fig. 6 b is inverter circuit switching tube S3, switching tube S4 and the switching tube S6 of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention
Turn off, inverter circuit schematic diagram during switching tube S5 conducting；
Fig. 6 c is inverter circuit switching tube S3 and the switching tube S6 conducting of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention, switch
Inverter circuit schematic diagram when pipe S4 and switching tube S5 turns off；
Fig. 6 d is the inverter circuit switching tube S3 conducting of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention, switching tube S4, switch
Inverter circuit schematic diagram when pipe S5 and switching tube S6 turns off.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail, in the signal of this present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment
Property embodiment and explanation be used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 provides a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device to specifically include that
Input EMI filter circuit 1., crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2., use hybrid device full-bridge inverse
Power transformation road 3., export grid-connected filter circuit 4., power grid phase detection circuit 5., sample circuit 6., control
7. device waits part composition.Its annexation is: photovoltaic battery panel group is connected through input EMI filter circuit
1. being input to crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2., 2. crisscross parallel Boost circuit passes through direct current
3. bus is connected with the full bridge inverter using hybrid device, and full bridge inverter is 3. grid-connected through output
4. filter circuit is connected with external electrical network.Controller is 7. by sample circuit 6. and power grid phase detection circuit
2. being 3. connected with full bridge inverter with crisscross parallel Boost circuit the most respectively, controller leads to simultaneously
2. and full bridge inverter power tube 3. output PWM and SPWM and crisscross parallel Boost circuit are crossed
It is connected.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 shows a kind of main electricity of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device of the present invention
The concrete structure design on road and connection: photovoltaic array is through input EMI filter circuit 1., defeated by power
Enter to crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2., produce after 2. crisscross parallel Boost circuit boosts
Raw stable high voltage dc bus, is then inputted into using the full bridge inverter of combined power device 3.,
3. full bridge inverter exports and is 4. connected with external electrical network with EMI filter circuit through LC wave filter.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 shows the friendship of a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device of the present invention
The on off sequence of wrong Boost circuit in parallel: under inductance L1 and L2 continuous current mode, it is assumed that
Switching tube S1 and switching tube S2 dutycycle are less than 0.5, at t0～t1In the stage, switching tube S1 turns on, opens
Close pipe S2 to turn off, at t1～t2Stage, switching tube S1 and switching tube S2 turn off, at t2～t3Stage,
Switching tube S1 turns off, and switching tube S2 turns on, at t3～t4Stage, switching tube S1 and switching tube S2 turn off.
Fig. 4 a illustrated embodiment shows that crisscross parallel Boost circuit is operated in t0～t1Stage, switch
Pipe S1 turns on, and switching tube S2 turns off, and the electric current in inductance L1 begins to ramp up, the electric current in inductance L2
Charge to electric capacity Co by sustained diode 2, and constantly reduce.
Fig. 4 b illustrated embodiment shows that crisscross parallel Boost circuit is operated in t1～t2Stage and t3~
t4Stage, switching tube S1 and switching tube S2 are both off, and the electric current in inductance L1 passes through sustained diode 1
And the electric current in inductance L2 is charged to electric capacity Co by sustained diode 2, and all constantly reducing.
Fig. 4 c illustrated embodiment shows that crisscross parallel Boost circuit is operated in t2～t3Stage, switch
Pipe S1 turns off, and switching tube S2 turns on, and the electric current in inductance L1 gives electric capacity Co by sustained diode 1
Charging also constantly declines, and the electric current in inductance L2 begins to ramp up.
After crisscross parallel Boost circuit working stability shown in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 c, electric capacity Co
Voltage kept stable, the effect of electric capacity Co mainly high frequency ripple voltage is filtered.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 5 shows the complete of a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device of the present invention
The on off sequence of bridge inverter circuit and be with the relation of line voltage electric current: at the positive half cycle of line voltage
Phase, insulated gate bipolar transistor S3 and field-effect transistor S6 are held off, insulated gate bipolar
Transistor npn npn S5 tends to remain on, field-effect transistor S4 with sinusoidal modulation wave SPWM alternation switch,
Input voltage is modulated.In the negative half-cycle of line voltage, insulated gate bipolar transistor S5 and field
Effect transistor S4 is held off, and insulated gate bipolar transistor S3 tends to remain on, and field is imitated
Answer transistor S6 with sinusoidal modulation wave SPWM alternation switch, input voltage is modulated.
Fig. 6 a illustrated embodiment shows the full bridge inverter positive half period at line voltage, switching tube S3
It is held off with switching tube S6, switching tube S5 and switching tube S4 conducting, now dc bus picture electricity
Net injection current.
Fig. 6 b illustrated embodiment shows the full bridge inverter positive half period at line voltage, switching tube S3
Being held off with switching tube S6, switching tube S5 turns on, and switching tube S4 turns off, now switching tube S5
Forming loop with the anti-paralleled diode D3 of switching tube S3 is electrical network afterflow.
Fig. 6 c illustrated embodiment shows the full bridge inverter negative half-cycle at line voltage, switching tube S4
It is held off with switching tube S5, switching tube S3 and switching tube S6 conducting, now dc bus picture electricity
Net injection current.
Fig. 6 d illustrated embodiment shows the full bridge inverter negative half-cycle at line voltage, switching tube S4
Being held off with switching tube S5, switching tube S3 turns on, and switching tube S6 turns off, now switching tube S3
Forming loop with the anti-paralleled diode D4 of switching tube S5 is electrical network afterflow.
Whole photovoltaic grid-connected micro inverter device detailed operation principle is as follows:
1. solar cell panel assembly is input to crisscross parallel Boost circuit through EMI filter circuit
2., by crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2. to the change on a large scale inputted from solar cell panel assembly
The photovoltaic voltage changed carries out Boost boosting, and crisscross parallel Boost circuit two switching tubes 2. are handed over
For conducting, control mode is as shown in Figure 3.7. controller utilizes sample circuit 6. to sample dc bus and light
Volt input voltage, and inverter output current, change Fig. 3 by control algolithm and control the duty of sequence
Than the purpose that can reach different input and output voltage coupling, it is achieved MPPT maximum power point tracking.Crisscross parallel
Boost circuit 2. by two afterflow silicon carbide diode D1 and D2 and storage capacitor Co to
3. full bridge inverter provides stable DC bus-bar voltage.Use the full-bridge inverting electricity of combined power device
3. road has four switching tube S 3, S4, S5 and S6, and two, its middle and upper part power tube S3 and S5 is insulation
Grid bipolar transistor (IGBT), and one silicon carbide diode of inverse parallel, two, bottom power respectively
Pipe S4 and S6 is field-effect transistor (MOSFET)；This full bridge inverter is unipolarity sinusoidal wave pulse width
Modulation, uses the full bridge inverter control sequence 3. of combined power device as it is shown in figure 5, power tube
S3 and S5 turns on power frequency speed complementation, and this industrial frequency control ripple is 7. to be detected by grid phase by controller
5. circuit reaches Tong Bu with external electrical network with phase locking loop controlling method, and switching tube S4 and S6 is by sinusoidal pulsewidth
Modulating wave controls, and modulating wave and synchronized.Full bridge inverter output 3. filters through EMI
Circuit (LCL low-pass filtering) is connected to electrical network.
Controller is 7. by the control sequence of disturbance crisscross parallel Boost circuit two switching tubes 2.
Dutycycle, reaches the purpose of disturbance DC bus-bar voltage, and 6. 7. controller detect direct current by sample circuit
3. busbar voltage, line voltage and injection power network current, change full bridge inverter by PI control algolithm
The modulation ratio of the sinusoidal pulsewidth sequence of breaker in middle pipe S4 and switching tube S6, is detected by grid phase simultaneously
5. and phase locking loop controlling method, and above-mentioned modulation is than the sinusoidal pulsewidth control produced with synchronized for circuit
Sequence processed, thus change electrical network injection current, carry out stable DC busbar voltage disturbance.By sampling this
Time inject power network current and the input voltage of solar module, calculate the grid-connected power after disturbance,
Compared with the most grid-connected front power, determine perturbation direction next time, thus reach maximum power output
Purpose, i.e. complete the tracking of the maximum power point of solar module.
Compared with prior art, overall structure flexible compact, dependable performance, efficiency are high, prime for the present invention
Core topology is two Boost circuit crisscross parallels, it is possible to be effectively realized higher-wattage volume output,
Avoid the switching tube directly current fluctuation caused in parallel, reduce the capacity requirement of switching tube, improve
Input current ripple frequency, reduces the design of ripple amplitude, beneficially filter circuit and reduces switch damage
Consumption.
Four power tubes of full bridge inverter use mixed type power device, use two by top
The power frequency conducting of IGBT effectively reduces the conduction loss of switching tube, generates heat less, improves system effectiveness.
And the two of bottom MOSFET are with high frequency sinusoidal PWM duty, harmonic wave is little, grid-connected current waveform quality
Good.
Crisscross parallel Boost circuit output series diode and IGBT inverse parallel two pole of full-bridge inverting
Pipe is silicon carbide diode, utilizes zero reverse recovery time of silicon carbide diode, effectively improves system
System efficiency, reduces system EMI.
Below the present invention is described in detail, the above, only the preferred embodiments of the invention and
, when not limiting the scope of the present invention, all made within the spirit and principles in the present invention any
Amendment, equivalent or improvement, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device, it is characterised in that including: input EMI
Filter circuit 1., crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2., full bridge inverter 3., export grid-connected filtered electrical
Road 4., power grid phase detection circuit 5., sample circuit 6. with controller 7.；Its annexation is: photovoltaic electric
Pond plate group is connected through input EMI filter circuit and is 1. input to crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2., staggered
3. 2. Boost circuit in parallel be connected with the full bridge inverter using hybrid device by dc bus,
4. 3. full bridge inverter be connected with external electrical network through the grid-connected filter circuit of output, and controller is 7. by sampling
6. 2. and full-bridge inverting is electric with crisscross parallel Boost circuit the most respectively with power grid phase detection circuit for circuit
3. road is connected, and controller is by output PWM and SPWM with crisscross parallel Boost circuit 2. simultaneously
It is connected with full bridge inverter power tube 3.；7. described controller changes described staggered by control algolithm
The dutycycle of the control sequence of Boost circuit in parallel, it is achieved MPPT maximum power point tracking；Described controller
7. the sinusoidal pulsewidth sequence of full bridge inverter 3. breaker in middle pipe S4 and switching tube S6 is changed by PI control algolithm
The modulation ratio of row.
A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: 2. crisscross parallel Boost circuit is in parallel by two-way Boost circuit, and every road outfan is respectively
Connect carborundum (SIC) diode D1 and D2, and two MOSFET power tube S1 and S2 are with high frequency
Staggered conducting, realizes MPPT maximum power point tracking control by the dutycycle controlling S1 and S2.
A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
Use mixed type power device in: full bridge inverter 3. four power tubes, two, top power tube S3 and
S5 is insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and one silicon carbide diode of inverse parallel, bottom two respectively
Individual power tube S4 and S6 is field-effect transistor (MOSFET).
A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device the most according to claim 3, its feature exists
In: 3. full bridge inverter is unipolarity Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation, and power tube S3 and S5 is mutual with power frequency speed
Mending conducting, this industrial frequency control ripple is Tong Bu with external electrical network, and power tube S4 and S6 is by sinusoidal pulse width modulation ripple control
System, and modulating wave and synchronized.
A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter using mixed type power device the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: described controller 7. by sampling DC bus-bar voltage, line voltage, grid-connected current, mains frequency,
And zero cross detection circuit, realize grid-connected with photovoltaic peak power by electric current loop feedback PI control algolithm.
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| CN104122929A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-29 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking control method and system |
| CN104253445A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected system and method |
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| CN108092537A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 艾思玛新能源技术（上海）有限公司苏州高新区分公司 | A kind of multichannel MPPT inverter current-sharing control methods under the conditions of same input source |
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| CN109818495B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-05-22 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | String inverter and boost chopper circuit control method thereof |
| CN111934578B (en) * | 2020-08-02 | 2022-04-05 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司武汉供电公司 | Dual-mode photovoltaic inverter circuit system based on hybrid control |
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