CN103683313A - Photovoltaic inverter employing hybrid type power device - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic grid-connected inverters. A photovoltaic inverter employing a hybrid type power device comprises two parts, namely, a power inversion unit and an inversion control unit, wherein the power inversion unit mainly comprises an input EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) filter circuit, an interleaving Boost boosted circuit, a full bridge inversion circuit employing a mixer and an output grid-connected filter circuit; the inversion control unit mainly comprises a power grid phase detection circuit, a sampling circuit and a controller. The photovoltaic inverter adopts a double-stage structure, and the first stage adopts interleaving Boost boosted voltage, so that the fluctuation of current is reduced, and output voltage ripple is reduced; the later stage inversion unit adopts a hybrid power device, so that the inversion consumption is effectively reduced, and the system efficiency is improved. The photovoltaic inverter has the characteristics of simple structure, easiness in circuit control and convenience in capacity expansion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic combining inverter technical field, relate in particular to a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter that adopts combined power device.
Background technology
Along with the progress of photovoltaic silicon material refinement technique and the continuous decline of cost, solar grid-connected generation technology is developed rapidly, as the key link of electric energy conversion, converters occupies very important status for photovoltaic system overall performance and reliability.In the design of solar photovoltaic inverter, system effectiveness is one of factor of emphasis consideration, and as far as possible little power loss is not only saved energy, can also reduce temperature rise, improves system reliability, and makes system compacter, thereby reduced cost.Conventional stage type combining inverter prime adopts Boost booster circuit conventionally, and rear class adopts the full-bridge inverting of same size power tube, and middle a large amount of electrochemical capacitors in parallel carry out filtering and energy storage.But conventional Boost booster circuit output current ripple is larger, greatly affected the useful life of middle electrochemical capacitor, and front stage circuits dilatation difficulty easily causes current fluctuation when carrying out dilatation by a plurality of power tubes of parallel connection, has reduced the reliability of system.Conventional four power tubes of full bridge inverter all adopt insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) or field-effect transistor (MOSFET) conventionally simultaneously.When four power tubes all adopt IGBT conventionally, because IGBT switching frequency is lower with respect to MOSFET, switching speed is slower, and harmonic wave is larger, and grid-connected current waveform is poor.And when four power tubes all adopt MOSFET conventionally, MOSFET conduction loss is large, has reduced system effectiveness, during relatively high power, system heating is serious.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the weak point of avoiding above-mentioned technology to exist, a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that adopts mixed type power device is provided,, high efficiency highly reliable for realizing, design and the control of middle low power photovoltaic grid-connected inverting system cheaply provide solution, the framework of its optimization and control method, can improve easily system reliability and efficiency, and improve the quality of grid-connected current.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
System mainly by input EMI filter circuit 1., crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit 2., the full bridge inverter that adopts hybrid device 3., export grid-connected filter circuit 4., electrical network phase detecting circuit 5., sample circuit 6., 7. etc. controller partly forms.Its annexation is: photovoltaic battery panel group connects process input EMI filter circuit and is 1. input to crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit 2., 3. 2. crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit be connected with adopting the full bridge inverter of hybrid device by DC bus, and 4. 3. full bridge inverter be connected with external electrical network through the grid-connected filter circuit of output.2. 2. 5. 6. 7. controller be connected with full bridge inverter power tube 3. with crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit with SPWM by exporting PWM with the full bridge inverter same Time Controller that is 3. connected with crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit respectively with electrical network phase detecting circuit by sample circuit.
Further, 2. crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit is in parallel by two-way Boost booster circuit, an every road output carborundum (SIC) diode (D1 and D2) of connecting respectively, two MOSFET power tube S1 and S2 be with the staggered conducting of high frequency, by controlling the duty ratio of S1 and S2, realizes MPPT maximum power point tracking and control.
Further, full bridge inverter 3. four power tubes adopts mixed type power device, two, top power tube S3 and S5 are insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and silicon carbide diode of difference inverse parallel, two of bottoms power tube S4 and S6 are field-effect transistor (MOSFET).
Further, 3. full bridge inverter is unipolarity Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation, and power tube S3 and S5 are with the complementary conducting of power frequency speed, and this industrial frequency control ripple is synchronizeed with external electrical network, and power tube S4 and S6 are controlled by sinusoidal pulse width modulation ripple, and modulating wave and synchronized.
Further, described controller is 7. by sampling DC bus-bar voltage, line voltage, grid-connected current, mains frequency, and zero cross detection circuit, feeds back PI control algolithm realize grid-connected with photovoltaic maximum power by electric current loop.
Compared with prior art, remarkable benefit of the present invention is embodied in:
1. prime core topology is two Boost circuit crisscross parallels, can effectively realize higher-wattage volume output, the current fluctuation of having avoided the direct parallel connection of switching tube to cause, reduced the capacity requirement of switching tube, improved input current ripple frequency, reduced ripple amplitude, be conducive to the design of filter circuit and reduce switching loss.
2. four of full bridge inverter power tubes adopt mixed type power device, by top, adopt the power frequency conducting of two IGBT to effectively reduce the conduction loss of switching tube, generate heat less, have improved system effectiveness.And two MOSFET of bottom work with high frequency sinusoidal pulse width modulation, harmonic wave is little, and grid-connected current waveform quality is good.
3. the IGBT anti-paralleled diode of crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit output series diode and full-bridge inverting is silicon carbide diode, utilizes the zero reverse recovery time of silicon carbide diode, effectively improves system effectiveness, reduces system EMI.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter principle schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter main circuit structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit control waveform schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a is that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter crisscross parallel Boost boost circuit switch pipe S1 of the present invention conducting, switching tube S2 turn-off work schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 b is that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter crisscross parallel Boost boost circuit switch pipe S1 of the present invention turn-offs, switching tube S2 turn-offs work schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 c is that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter crisscross parallel Boost boost circuit switch pipe S1 of the present invention turn-offs, switching tube S2 conducting work schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the inverter circuit control waveform schematic diagram that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention adopts combined power device;
Fig. 6 a is that inverter circuit switching tube S3 and the switching tube S6 of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention turn-offs, inverter circuit schematic diagram when switching tube S4 and switching tube S5 conducting;
Fig. 6 b is that inverter circuit switching tube S3, switching tube S4 and the switching tube S6 of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention turn-offs, inverter circuit schematic diagram during switching tube S5 conducting;
Fig. 6 c is inverter circuit switching tube S3 and the switching tube S6 conducting of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention, inverter circuit schematic diagram when switching tube S4 and switching tube S5 turn-off;
Fig. 6 d is the inverter circuit switching tube S3 conducting of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention, inverter circuit schematic diagram when switching tube S4, switching tube S5 and switching tube S6 turn-off.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, describe the present invention in detail, in this illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation, be used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 1ly provide a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of mixed type power device that adopts mainly to comprise: input EMI filter circuit 1., crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit 2., the full bridge inverter that adopts hybrid device 3., export grid-connected filter circuit 4., electrical network phase detecting circuit 5., sample circuit 6., 7. etc. controller partly forms.Its annexation is: photovoltaic battery panel group connects process input EMI filter circuit and is 1. input to crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit 2., 3. 2. crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit be connected with adopting the full bridge inverter of hybrid device by DC bus, and 4. 3. full bridge inverter be connected with external electrical network through the grid-connected filter circuit of output.3. 2. 5. 6. 7. controller be connected with full bridge inverter with crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit respectively with electrical network phase detecting circuit by sample circuit, with Time Controller, by output PWM, is 2. connected with full bridge inverter power tube 3. with crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit with SPWM.
A kind of concrete structural design and connection that adopts the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter main circuit of mixed type power device of the present invention of showing embodiment illustrated in fig. 2: photovoltaic array through input EMI filter circuit 1., 2. power be input to crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit, after 2. crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit boosts, produce stable high voltage dc bus, then be input to the full bridge inverter of employing combined power device 3., 3. full bridge inverter is exported through LC filter and is 4. connected with external electrical network with EMI filter circuit.
The present invention of showing embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 is a kind of adopts the on off sequence of crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of mixed type power device: under inductance L 1 and L2 continuous current mode, suppose that switching tube S1 and switching tube S2 duty ratio are less than 0.5, at t
0～t
1stage, switching tube S1 conducting, switching tube S2 turn-offs, at t
1～t
2in the stage, switching tube S1 and switching tube S2 turn-off, at t
2～t
3in the stage, switching tube S1 turn-offs, and switching tube S2 conducting, at t
3～t
4in the stage, switching tube S1 and switching tube S2 turn-off.
Fig. 4 a illustrated embodiment shows that crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit is operated in t
0～t
1stage, switching tube S1 conducting, switching tube S2 turn-offs, and the electric current in inductance L 1 starts to rise, and the electric current in inductance L 2 charges to capacitor C o by sustained diode 2, and constantly reduces.
Fig. 4 b illustrated embodiment shows that crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit is operated in t
1～t
2stage and t
3～t
4in the stage, switching tube S1 and switching tube S2 turn-off, and the electric current in inductance L 1 charges to capacitor C o by the electric current in sustained diode 1 and inductance L 2 by sustained diode 2, and is all constantly reducing.
Fig. 4 c illustrated embodiment shows that crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit is operated in t
2～t
3in the stage, switching tube S1 turn-offs, switching tube S2 conducting, and the electric current in inductance L 1 is given capacitor C o charging and is constantly declined by sustained diode 1, and the electric current in inductance L 2 starts to rise.
After the working stability of crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit shown in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 c, the voltage kept stable of capacitor C o, the effect of capacitor C o is mainly that high frequency ripple voltage carries out filtering.
The present invention of showing embodiment illustrated in fig. 5 is a kind of adopt mixed type power device photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter full bridge inverter on off sequence and with the relation of line voltage electric current be: at the positive half period of line voltage, insulated gate bipolar transistor S3 and field-effect transistor S6 keep off state, insulated gate bipolar transistor S5 keeps conducting state, field-effect transistor S4, with sinusoidal modulation wave SPWM alternation switch, modulates input voltage.Negative half-cycle at line voltage, insulated gate bipolar transistor S5 and field-effect transistor S4 keep off state, insulated gate bipolar transistor S3 keeps conducting state, and field-effect transistor S6, with sinusoidal modulation wave SPWM alternation switch, modulates input voltage.
Fig. 6 a illustrated embodiment shows that full bridge inverter is at the positive half period of line voltage, and switching tube S3 and switching tube S6 keep off state, switching tube S5 and switching tube S4 conducting, and now DC bus is as electrical network Injection Current.
Fig. 6 b illustrated embodiment shows that full bridge inverter is at the positive half period of line voltage, switching tube S3 and switching tube S6 keep off state, switching tube S5 conducting, switching tube S4 turn-offs, and the now anti-paralleled diode D3 of switching tube S5 and switching tube S3 formation loop is electrical network afterflow.
Fig. 6 c illustrated embodiment shows that full bridge inverter is at the negative half-cycle of line voltage, and switching tube S4 and switching tube S5 keep off state, switching tube S3 and switching tube S6 conducting, and now DC bus is as electrical network Injection Current.
Fig. 6 d illustrated embodiment shows that full bridge inverter is at the negative half-cycle of line voltage, switching tube S4 and switching tube S5 keep off state, switching tube S3 conducting, switching tube S6 turn-offs, and the now anti-paralleled diode D4 of switching tube S3 and switching tube S5 formation loop is electrical network afterflow.
Whole photovoltaic grid-connected micro inverter device detailed operation principle is as follows:
2. 1. solar cell panel assembly be input to crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit through EMI filter circuit, by crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit, 2. the photovoltaic electric of the wide variation from solar cell panel assembly input being compressed into row Boost boosts, crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit two switching tube alternate conduction 2., control mode as shown in Figure 3.7. controller utilizes sample circuit 6. sample DC bus and photovoltaic input voltage, and inverter output current, and the duty ratio that changes Fig. 3 control sequence by control algolithm can reach the object of different input and output voltages couplings, realizes MPPT maximum power point tracking.3. 2. crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit provide stable DC bus-bar voltage by two afterflow silicon carbide diode D1 and D2 and storage capacitor Co to full bridge inverter.Adopt the full bridge inverter of combined power device 3. to have four switching tube S 3, S4, S5 and S6, two of its middle and upper parts power tube S3 and S5 are insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and silicon carbide diode of difference inverse parallel, two of bottoms power tube S4 and S6 are field-effect transistor (MOSFET); This full bridge inverter is unipolarity Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation, the full bridge inverter of employing combined power device control sequence 3. as shown in Figure 5, power tube S3 and S5 are with the complementary conducting of power frequency speed, this industrial frequency control ripple is 7. by electrical network phase detecting circuit, 5. to be reached with external electrical network and synchronize with phase locking loop controlling method by controller, switching tube S4 and S6 are controlled by sinusoidal pulse width modulation ripple, and modulating wave and synchronized.Full bridge inverter output is 3. connected to electrical network through EMI filter circuit (LCL low-pass filtering).
Controller is 7. by the control sequence duty ratio of disturbance crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit two switching tubes 2., reach the object of disturbance DC bus-bar voltage, 6. 7. controller detect DC bus-bar voltage by sample circuit, line voltage and injection power network current, by PI control algolithm change full bridge inverter 3. in the modulation ratio of sinusoidal pulsewidth sequence of switching tube S4 and switching tube S6, 5. by electrical network phase detecting circuit and phase locking loop controlling method simultaneously, and above-mentioned modulation ratio produces and the sinusoidal pulse width control sequence of synchronized, thereby change electrical network Injection Current, carry out the disturbance of stable DC busbar voltage.By injection power network current now of sampling and the input voltage of solar module, calculate the grid-connected power after disturbance, compare with front once grid-connected power, determine perturbation direction next time, thereby reach the object of maximum power output, completed the tracking of the maximum power point of solar module.
The present invention compared with prior art, overall structure flexibly compactness, dependable performance, efficiency is high, prime core topology is two Boost circuit crisscross parallels, can effectively realize higher-wattage volume output, the current fluctuation of having avoided the direct parallel connection of switching tube to cause, has reduced the capacity requirement of switching tube, has improved input current ripple frequency, reduced ripple amplitude, be conducive to the design of filter circuit and reduce switching loss.
Four power tubes of full bridge inverter adopt mixed type power device, by top, adopt the power frequency conducting of two IGBT to effectively reduce the conduction loss of switching tube, generate heat less, have improved system effectiveness.And two MOSFET of bottom work with high frequency sinusoidal pulse width modulation, harmonic wave is little, and grid-connected current waveform quality is good.
The IGBT anti-paralleled diode of crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit output series diode and full-bridge inverting is silicon carbide diode, utilizes the zero reverse recovery time of silicon carbide diode, effectively improves system effectiveness, reduces system EMI.
Below the present invention is described in detail; the above is only the present invention's preferred embodiment, when not limiting the scope of the present invention; all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace or improve, within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that adopts mixed type power device, it is characterized in that, comprising: input EMI filter circuit 1., crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit 2., full bridge inverter 3., export grid-connected filter circuit 4., electrical network phase detecting circuit 5., sample circuit 6., the controller part such as 7., its annexation is: photovoltaic battery panel group connects process input EMI filter circuit and is 1. input to crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit 2., 3. 2. crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit be connected with adopting the full bridge inverter of hybrid device by DC bus, 4. 3. full bridge inverter be connected with external electrical network through the grid-connected filter circuit of output, 3. 2. 5. 6. 7. controller be connected with full bridge inverter with crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit respectively with electrical network phase detecting circuit by sample circuit, with Time Controller, by output PWM, be 2. connected with full bridge inverter power tube 3. with crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit with SPWM.
2. a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that adopts mixed type power device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: 2. crisscross parallel Boost booster circuit is in parallel by two-way Boost booster circuit, an every road output carborundum (SIC) diode (D1 and D2) of connecting respectively, two MOSFET power tube S1 and S2 be with the staggered conducting of high frequency, by controlling the duty ratio of S1 and S2, realizes MPPT maximum power point tracking and control.
3. a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that adopts mixed type power device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: full bridge inverter 3. four power tubes adopts mixed type power device, two, top power tube S3 and S5 are insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and silicon carbide diode of difference inverse parallel, two of bottoms power tube S4 and S6 are field-effect transistor (MOSFET).
4. full bridge inverter according to claim 3 3., it is characterized in that: be unipolarity Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation, power tube S3 and S5 are with the complementary conducting of power frequency speed, this industrial frequency control ripple is synchronizeed with external electrical network, power tube S4 and S6 are controlled by sinusoidal pulse width modulation ripple, and modulating wave and synchronized.
5. a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that adopts mixed type power device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described controller is 7. by sampling DC bus-bar voltage, line voltage, grid-connected current, mains frequency, and zero cross detection circuit, by electric current loop, feed back PI control algolithm and realize grid-connected with photovoltaic maximum power.
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| CN104009634A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-08-27 | 广东工业大学 | Dielectric barrier discharge type ozone generator power supply based on direct-current interlaced boost and alternating-current resonance network |
| CN104122929A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-29 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking control method and system |
| CN104253445A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected system and method |
| CN104601020A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-06 | 合肥天舟光伏技术有限公司 | Electric energy conservation type inverter for photovoltaic grid connection |
| CN108092537A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 艾思玛新能源技术（上海）有限公司苏州高新区分公司 | A kind of multichannel MPPT inverter current-sharing control methods under the conditions of same input source |
| CN108809131A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-11-13 | 上海颛芯企业管理咨询合伙企业（有限合伙） | Inverter system |
| CN109818495A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-28 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Group string inverter and its boost chopper control method |
| CN110391765A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-29 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Inverter system for vehicle |
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| CN111934578A (en) * | 2020-08-02 | 2020-11-13 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司武汉供电公司 | Dual-mode photovoltaic inverter circuit system based on hybrid control |
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| CN104009634A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-08-27 | 广东工业大学 | Dielectric barrier discharge type ozone generator power supply based on direct-current interlaced boost and alternating-current resonance network |
| CN104122929A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-29 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking control method and system |
| CN104253445A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected system and method |
| CN104601020A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-06 | 合肥天舟光伏技术有限公司 | Electric energy conservation type inverter for photovoltaic grid connection |
| CN108092537A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 艾思玛新能源技术（上海）有限公司苏州高新区分公司 | A kind of multichannel MPPT inverter current-sharing control methods under the conditions of same input source |
| CN110391765A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-29 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Inverter system for vehicle |
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| CN112202357A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-01-08 | 深圳市尚科新能源有限公司 | SPWM (sinusoidal pulse Width modulation) method |
| CN112865171A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter |
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