CN102983771B - Pulse width modulation method for modularization multi-level converter - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electrical power systems, and particularly relates to a pulse width modulation method for a modularization multi-level converter. The modularization multi-level converter (MMC) is composed of three phases and six bridge arms, each bridge arm comprises n sub-modules and an alternating current reactor, and the n sub-modules are successively connected in series. Each sub-module comprises two insulated gate bipolar translator (IGBT), a half-bridge structure and a capacitor, anti-parallel diodes of the IGBT constitute the half-bridge structure, and the half-bridge structure is connected with the capacitor in parallel. The pulse width modulation method includes the following steps: A three-phase saddle-shaped modulating waves are produced; B the saddle-shaped modulating waves and triangle carrier waves are compared to produce pulse-width modulation (PWM) signals; and C the PWM signals are used for controlling the MMC. The method has the advantages of achieving on-line computation easily, achieving engineering simply, being high in direct voltage use ratio, being capable of reducing the quantity of modules in the same voltage power level, and capable of lowering cost, and being obvious in effect when volume is large.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power, be specifically related to a kind of pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter.
Background technology
Modularization multi-level converter (MMC) is a kind of novel topological structure adopting the series connection of multiple submodule, its each phase brachium pontis is divided into brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis, and upper and lower brachium pontis is followed in series to form by N number of identical submodule and an AC reactor respectively.The half-bridge structure that each submodule is made up of two insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) and anti-paralleled diode thereof and electric capacity in parallel are formed.Each submodule is a two terminal device, and it can carry out the switching between full module voltage and zero module voltage simultaneously when two kinds of senses of current.
Modularization multi-level converter (MMC) avoids the technological difficulties of devices in series, and output waveform is many level, effectively reduces physical switching frequency and the switching loss of switching device; Modular construction specific to MMC makes its flexible design, is beneficial to batch production; Be convenient to individual-phase control and modularized design, can bypass trouble unit by redundant technique, and then improve plant running reliability; Devices switch frequency is lower, and plant running loss is less.
Based on above feature, modularization multi-level converter is extremely adapted at using in flexible direct current power transmission system and THE UPFC (UPFC), high-power application in advantage particularly evident, by be multi-level converter of future generation main flow topology one of.
For pulse-width modulation (PWM) modulator approach of modularization multi-level converter (MMC), mainly contain space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), optimize PWM method and phase-shifting carrier wave PWM method etc.SVPWM method, due to calculation of complex, selects the factors such as difficulty to apply in the converter being greater than three level seldom when number of levels redundant vectors of many times.Optimizing PWM method due to its good harmonic performance obtains certain application, but needs solve complicated transcendental equation in advance and store a large amount of switch angles, can not in line computation, and dynamic property is poor, thus receives certain restriction.Comparatively speaking, phase-shifting carrier wave modulated applications is more extensive.Phase-shifting carrier wave PWM is identical with conventional sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM), and modulating wave is sinusoidal wave, and carrier wave is triangular wave or sawtooth waveforms.Phase-shifting carrier wave has advantage: under any modulation ratio M and any fundamental frequency, output voltage keeps identical switching frequency; Unbalanced power problem is there is not between modular unit; Triangular carrier phase-shift PWM mode can present modularized design etc. for each phase.Therefore phase-shifting carrier wave PWM becomes the standard P WM control method of modularization multi-level converter.But the modulating wave of phase-shifting carrier wave PWM is sinusoidal wave, and DC bus-bar voltage utilance is only 86.6%, limit its application in high-power occasion.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of pulse width modulation mode of modularization multi-level converter, the method, on the basis of phase-shifting carrier wave PWM method, uses a kind of new shape of a saddle modulating wave to compare generation PWM modulation signal with triangular carrier; The method has following characteristics: be easy in line computation, Project Realization is simple; Direct voltage utilance is high; Equal voltage power grade can reduce number of modules, and can reduce costs, capacity is larger, and effect is more obvious.
The object of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
For a pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter, described modularization multi-level converter MMC is made up of three-phase six brachium pontis; Each brachium pontis comprises connect successively N number of submodule and an AC reactor; Described submodule comprises half-bridge structure and the electric capacity of two insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBTs and anti-paralleled diode composition thereof; Described half-bridge structure and Capacitance parallel connection;
Its improvements are, described method comprises the steps:
A, generation three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave;
B, more described three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier, produce pwm signal;
C, described pwm signal control modularization multi-level converter MMC.
Preferably, in described steps A, generate three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and comprise the steps:
A, get three phase sine voltage U respectively
a, U
band U
cinstantaneous maximum U
maxwith instantaneous minimum value U
min;
B, get described instantaneous maximum U
maxwith instantaneous minimum value U
minmean value, to described mean value negate to, obtain residual voltage U
p;
C, by residual voltage U
pwith described three phase sine voltage U
a, U
band U
csuperpose respectively, obtain three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave U
a', U
b' and U
c'.
More preferably, described instantaneous maximum U
max, instantaneous minimum value U
minwith residual voltage U
prespectively with 1. following-3. formula represent:
U
max＝max{U
a，U
b，U
c} ①；
U
min＝min{U
a，U
b，U
c} ②；
U
p＝-1/2(U
max+U
min) ③。
More preferably, described three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave U
a', U
b' and U
c' represent by following 4. formula:
Preferably, the equivalent switching frequency of described modularization multi-level converter MMC is high, and the switching frequency of the submodule in every phase brachium pontis is low, and the frequency of described triangular carrier gets the 2-10 integral multiple of power frequency.
More preferably, the position of described three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave starting point is selected in rising edge or the trailing edge place at zero point of described triangular carrier.
More preferably, the N number of submodule in every phase brachium pontis all adopts low switching frequency, and switching frequency is identical with the frequency of triangular carrier, and N number of submodule all has identical carrier wave ratio K
cwith the triangular carrier of modulation degree m.
Preferably, in described step B, more described three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier, produce pwm signal and comprise the steps:
I, the triangular carrier initial phase making each submodule corresponding move 2 π/N phase angles successively;
II, the shape of a saddle modulating wave of the triangular carrier moving 2 π/N phase angles with the corresponding phase obtained to be compared;
The size of III, the amplitude judging shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier amplitude: if the amplitude of shape of a saddle modulating wave is less than the amplitude of triangular carrier, then the Output rusults compared is 0; If the amplitude of shape of a saddle modulating wave is greater than the amplitude of triangular carrier, then the Output rusults compared is 1; Produce this phase N group PWM modulation signal thus.
Preferably, in described step C, the pwm signal produced controls modularization multi-level converter MMC: N number of pwm signal of every phase goes a driving N submodule unit respectively, by described N number of pwm signal and N number of submodule one_to_one corresponding, corresponding positive signal controls the upper switching tube 1 of submodule, and the negative signal using corresponding positive signal reverse controls the lower switching tube 2 of submodule.
More preferably, by superimposed for the N number of submodule output voltage dropped into, thus the PWM output voltage waveforms of a phase brachium pontis of modularization multi-level converter MMC is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention reaches is:
1, the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, be easy in line computation, Project Realization is simple;
2, the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, output line voltage amplitude can reach the value of direct-current input power supplying voltage E, and comparatively SPWM mode direct voltage utilance improves more than 15%, and maximum percentage modulation can reach 0.907;
3, the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, there is not harmonic wave in first-harmonic frequency domain, therefore there is not the problem of low-order harmonic interference first-harmonic;
4, the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, residual voltage is frequency tripling harmonic wave, and at three-phase without in neutral system, frequency tripling harmonic current does not have path, so there is not frequency tripling harmonic wave in three-phase line voltage and line current.
5, the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, sideband is wider, the major harmonic ingredient breakdown in frequency conversion band in a pair to amplitude less closer to harmonic wave;
6, the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, switching frequency is identical with triangular carrier frequency, and the load of converter upper and lower bridge arm can be made to distribute equal, the power rating of switching tube can give full play to;
7, the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, because direct voltage utilance is high, the number of modules that under equal voltage, power grade, MMC uses reduces relatively, and can reduce costs, capacity is larger, and effect is more obvious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is three phase sine voltage provided by the invention and residual voltage oscillogram;
Fig. 2 is three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave provided by the invention and residual voltage oscillogram;
Fig. 3 is the bright single submodular circuits figure of modularization multi-level converter MMC provided of this law;
Fig. 4 is the workflow diagram of the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Modularization multi-level converter MMC is made up of three-phase six brachium pontis; Each brachium pontis comprises connect successively N number of submodule and an AC reactor; Submodule comprises half-bridge structure and the electric capacity of two insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBTs and anti-paralleled diode composition thereof; Half-bridge structure and Capacitance parallel connection; One of them insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and anti-paralleled diode thereof are called switching tube 1, and another insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and anti-paralleled diode thereof are called lower switching tube 2.
As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is the workflow diagram of the pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, and the method comprises the steps:
A, generation three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave:
Further illustrate three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave generation method below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, generate three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and comprise the steps:
A, get three phase sine voltage U respectively
a, U
band U
cinstantaneous maximum U
maxwith instantaneous minimum value U
min;
B, get instantaneous maximum U
maxwith instantaneous minimum value U
minmean value, to both mean value negates to, obtain residual voltage U
p; Instantaneous maximum U
max, instantaneous minimum value U
minwith residual voltage U
prespectively with 1. following-3. formula represent:
U
max＝max{U
a，U
b，U
c} ①；
U
min＝min{U
a，U
b，U
c} ②；
U
p＝-1/2(U
max+U
min) ③。
C, by residual voltage U
pwith three phase sine voltage U
a, U
band U
csuperpose respectively, obtain three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave U
a', U
b' and U
c'.Three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave U
a', U
b' and U
c' represent by following 4. formula:
B, compare three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier, produce pwm signal:
Modularization multi-level converter MMC equivalent switching frequency is high, and the switching frequency of each submodule is lower, and the frequency of triangular carrier gets the 2-10 integral multiple of power frequency; The position of modulating wave starting point is selected in the rising of triangular wave or trailing edge place at zero point as well.
N number of submodule in every phase brachium pontis all adopts low switching frequency, and switching frequency is identical with the frequency of triangular carrier, and N number of submodule all has identical carrier wave ratio K
cwith the triangular carrier of modulation degree m.
Relatively three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier, produces pwm signal and comprises the steps:
I, the triangular carrier initial phase making each submodule corresponding move 2 π/N phase angles successively;
II, the shape of a saddle modulating wave of the triangular carrier moving 2 π/N phase angles with the corresponding phase obtained to be compared;
The size of III, the amplitude judging shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier amplitude: if the amplitude of shape of a saddle modulating wave is less than the amplitude of triangular carrier, then the Output rusults compared is 0; If the amplitude of shape of a saddle modulating wave is greater than the amplitude of triangular carrier, then the Output rusults compared is 1; Produce this phase N group PWM modulation signal thus.
C, pwm signal control modularization multi-level converter MMC:
Composition graphs 3 further illustrates the pwm signal of generation to MMC control mode:
N number of pwm signal of every phase goes a driving N submodule unit respectively, and by N number of pwm signal and N number of submodule one_to_one corresponding, corresponding positive signal controls the upper switching tube 1 of submodule, and the negative signal using corresponding positive signal reverse controls the lower switching tube 2 of submodule.
Decide each submodule in this way whether drop into or excise, by superimposed for the N number of submodule output voltage dropped into, thus obtain the PWM output voltage waveforms of a phase brachium pontis of modularization multi-level converter MMC.All the other brachium pontis in like manner.
Pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter provided by the invention, on the basis of phase-shifting carrier wave PWM method, uses a kind of new shape of a saddle modulating wave and carrier wave ratio comparatively to generate PWM modulation signal.The method is easy in line computation, and Project Realization is simple; Direct voltage utilance is high; Equal voltage power grade can reduce number of modules, and reduce costs, capacity is larger, and effect is more obvious.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1., for a pulse duration modulation method for modularization multi-level converter, described modularization multi-level converter MMC is made up of three-phase six brachium pontis; Each brachium pontis comprises connect successively N number of submodule and an AC reactor; Described submodule comprises half-bridge structure and the electric capacity of two insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBTs and anti-paralleled diode composition thereof; Described half-bridge structure and Capacitance parallel connection;
It is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
A, generation three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave;
B, more described three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier, produce pwm signal;
C, described pwm signal control modularization multi-level converter MMC;
In described steps A, generate three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and comprise the steps:
A, get three phase sine voltage U respectively
a, U
band U
cinstantaneous maximum U
maxwith instantaneous minimum value U
min;
B, get described instantaneous maximum U
maxwith instantaneous minimum value U
minmean value, to described mean value negate to, obtain residual voltage U
p;
C, by residual voltage U
pwith described three phase sine voltage U
a, U
band U
csuperpose respectively, obtain three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave U
a', U
b' and U
c';
Described instantaneous maximum U
max, instantaneous minimum value U
minwith residual voltage U
prespectively with 1. following-3. formula represent:
U
max＝max{U
a,U
b,U
c} ①；
U
min＝min{U
a,U
b,U
c} ②；
U
p＝-1/2(U
max+U
min) ③；
Described three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave U
a', U
b' and U
c' represent by following 4. formula:
The equivalent switching frequency of described modularization multi-level converter MMC is high, and the switching frequency of the submodule in every phase brachium pontis is low, and the frequency of described triangular carrier gets the 2-10 integral multiple of power frequency;
The position of described three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave starting point is selected in rising edge or the trailing edge place at zero point of described triangular carrier;
N number of submodule in every phase brachium pontis all adopts low switching frequency, and switching frequency is identical with the frequency of triangular carrier, and N number of submodule all has identical carrier wave ratio K
cwith the triangular carrier of modulation degree m;
In described step B, more described three-phase shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier, produce pwm signal and comprise the steps:
I, the triangular carrier initial phase making each submodule corresponding move 2 π/N phase angles successively;
II, the shape of a saddle modulating wave of the triangular carrier moving 2 π/N phase angles with the corresponding phase obtained to be compared;
The size of III, the amplitude judging shape of a saddle modulating wave and triangular carrier amplitude: if the amplitude of shape of a saddle modulating wave is less than the amplitude of triangular carrier, then the Output rusults compared is 0; If the amplitude of shape of a saddle modulating wave is greater than the amplitude of triangular carrier, then the Output rusults compared is 1; Produce this phase N group PWM modulation signal thus;
In described step C, the pwm signal produced controls modularization multi-level converter MMC: N number of pwm signal of every phase goes a driving N submodule unit respectively, by described N number of pwm signal and N number of submodule one_to_one corresponding, corresponding positive signal controls the upper switching tube (1) of submodule, and the negative signal using corresponding positive signal reverse controls the lower switching tube (2) of submodule;
By superimposed for the N number of submodule output voltage dropped into, thus obtain the PWM output voltage waveforms of a phase brachium pontis of modularization multi-level converter MMC.
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| CN104953590B (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2016-04-20 | 国家电网公司 | Based on the harmonic analysis method of the THE UPFC of MMC topological structure |
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| CN112234960A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-15 | 昆明电器科学研究所 | Space vector pulse width modulation algorithm based on maximum and minimum average method |
| CN112421982B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-01-21 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | MMC module control pulse modulation method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN113990625A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-28 | 浙江飞旋科技有限公司 | High-frequency large-capacity power electronic unit parallel device and carrier multiplexing method |
| CN115589170B (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-10 | 麦田能源有限公司 | Two-phase inverter system and two-phase inverter control method |
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