CN104092399A - Standard Z source three-level T-shaped inverter and SVPWM method thereof - Google Patents
Standard Z source three-level T-shaped inverter and SVPWM method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a standard Z source three-level T-shaped inverter and an SVPWM method thereof. A topology has boost features identical to boost features of a standard Z source network three-level NPC inverter, however, few switching elements are utilized, and efficiency is high. Compared with a three-level T-shaped inverter, functions of boost and voltage reduction of the topology can be achieved, direct connection of an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm is allowed, reliability is improved remarkably, dead time is eliminated, and waveform distortion is prevented. Compared with a Z source three-level diode clamped inverter, current at an input end is continuous, ripple waves are small, and the input end does not need to be connected with a large-capacitance array set in parallel. Compared with a standard Z source two-level inverter, output voltage has neutral point electric potentials, therefore, high frequency harmonic waves are small, a required filter is small, a switching frequency can be reduced, and switching loss is less. The SVPWM method is adopted to control the inverter, so that switching frequencies are decreased, switching loss is reduced, and harmonic contents of the output voltage are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of accurate Z source T-shaped inverter of three level and SVPWM modulator approach thereof.
Background technology
Along with the continuous lifting that develops rapidly and efficiency is required of distributed power source, the efficiency that improves the quality of power supply, minimizing harmonic pollution, raising electricity generation system is the key issue of distributed power source development.Three-level inverter has the advantages such as few, the withstand voltage height of harmonic wave, switch stress is little, electromagnetic interference (Electro Magnetic Interference, EMI) is few than traditional two-level inverter and is used widely at distributed power source and micro-electrical network field.But be not constant for the output voltage of fuel cell, photovoltaic cell distributed power supply, cannot realize the unsteady flow function of wider direct voltage scope and obtain higher ac output voltage.In order to meet the wider voltage range of DC bus, researcher has added DC/DC converter, adopts two-layer configuration.But this converter not only needs more power device, also produce in the course of the work a large amount of switching losses, reduce system effectiveness.In order to reduce the impact of the switching loss causing because of DC/DC converter on system effectiveness, adopting the two-level inverter of Z source network is a kind of desirable selection.
Z source two-level inverter is widely used at new energy fields such as photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, energy storage, electric automobile, fuel cells.But along with developing rapidly of distributed power source, improve the requirements such as the quality of power supply and power grade and receive much concern.Z source multi-electrical level inverter can address the above problem.And Z source three level neutral-point-clampeds (neutral point clamped, NPC) inverter is widely used in regenerative resources such as photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, wind-driven generator, fuel cells, and by one, independently DC power supply, two DC side dividing potential drop electric capacity, a Z source network and three level NPC inverter circuits form for it.The introducing of Z source network makes straight-through a kind of normal operating state that becomes, and by controlling straight-through duty ratio, Z source three level NPC inverters can be realized boost function, and need not control Dead Time, prevent inversion wave distortion.Bridge arm direct pass can not cause the damage of power device, and reliability obviously increases.Therefore, Z source three level NPC inverters are with the obvious advantage with respect to traditional three level NPC inverters, and prospect is very wide.
Although Z source three level diode clamp inverters have lifting/voltage reducing function, have the following disadvantages:
Z source network input discontinuous current, input needs and the United Nations General Assembly's electric capacity carries out filtering; Capacitance voltage stress is larger.Although capacitance voltage stress is all larger in all booster circuits, the electric capacity cost of two voltage levels is higher, and the series system cost between electric capacity and failure rate increase.Therefore, have the accurate Z of continuous input current source three level diode clamp inverters and carried out, due to the flat ripple effect of source of resistance network input inductance L 1, input current continuity and ripple are less, therefore the also electric capacity row of the United Nations General Assembly group of input.
But accurate Z source three level NPC inverters need passive device too many, can produce a large amount of power losss, can cause like this efficiency of system low.Efficiency and the quality of power supply are that guarantee regenerative resource and micro-electrical network are reliable, stable, the guarantee of economical operation.
Therefore, study the topological structure of a kind of efficiency and quality of power supply optimum most important.And for the T-shaped inverter of three level, efficiency and the quality of power supply are all better with respect to Z source three level NPC and Z source two-level inverter, but the output voltage output for fuel cell, photovoltaic cell distributed power supply is non-constant, cannot realize wide output voltage, and because the reason in dead band causes harmonic wave very large.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of accurate Z source T-shaped inverter of three level and SVPWM modulator approach thereof, the DC energy storage capacitor C 1 of the T-shaped inverter of accurate Z source three level and the voltage stress of C4 decline very obvious, reduce the series connection number of electric capacity, thereby reduce widely hardware cost and failure rate, adopt SVPWM modulator approach, the method not only can realize the combination of on off state flexibly, also has the switching loss of reduction and harmonic distortion is little, direct voltage utilance advantages of higher.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The T-shaped inverter of a kind of accurate Z source three level, comprises three-phase brachium pontis in parallel, and every phase brachium pontis comprises the IGBT pipe of two series connection, the different IGBT pipe of mid point one side series connection both direction of each phase brachium pontis, and opposite side is connected with resistance through filter; After connecting accurate Z source network, each brachium pontis input of parallel connection accesses input voltage source; In accurate Z source, two electric capacity junctions connect one end of the both direction different I GBT pipe of each phase brachium pontis, and each IGBT pipe drives by control circuit.
Described accurate Z source network comprises four inductance and electric capacity, and voltage source is anodal to be connected after an inductance series diode and after inductance, is connected a phase brachium pontis, is connected with an electric capacity between described brachium pontis and the input of diode; Voltage source negative pole connects after inductance diode of reversal connection and after inductance, is connected another phase brachium pontis, is connected with an electric capacity between described brachium pontis and the input of diode; Between the output of two diodes, be in series with two electric capacity, the connection mid point of two electric capacity connects third phase brachium pontis.
Described filter is LC filter circuit, and electric capacity common end grounding wherein.
Described control circuit comprises protective circuit, drive circuit, sampling modulate circuit; sampling modulate circuit connects DSP module; DSP module and protective circuit two-way communication, DSP module connects drive circuit, and in drive circuit output pwm signal driving brachium pontis, IGBT pipe opening and turn-offing.
The three-phase voltage value size of direct voltage, direct current, Z source network capacitance voltage and the filter output of described sampling modulate circuit Gather and input voltage source.
Based on a SVPWM modulator approach for the T-shaped inverter of above-mentioned accurate Z source three level, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) three level are changed into the SVPWM of two level, on the basis of SVPWM, calculate the state conversion time of every phase brachium pontis;
(2) state conversion time of every phase brachium pontis is adjusted, obtained final pwm signal.
The concrete grammar of described step (1) is: the reference vector that first according to the correction relation of table 1, three level reference vectors is changed into two level; Wherein
for changing into the Voltage Reference vector of two level,
be the Voltage Reference vector of three level,
for input voltage.
The correction relation of table 1 reference voltage
Then the state conversion time that calculates every phase brachium pontis on the basis of two level SVPWM algorithms is T
u, T
v, T
w:
Wherein: C=0.5T
1-b, T
1=T
s-(a-b), a=max (T
u, T
v, T
w), b=min (T
u, T
v, T
w), T
sit is a switch periods time.
The concrete grammar of described step (2) is: it is straight-through that selector switch state is changed minimum brachium pontis generation, at any time, and to the Tmax of state conversion time, i.e. T
u, T
v, T
win maximum, increase T
0the upper straight-through time, the Tmin to state conversion time, i.e. T simultaneously
u, T
v, T
win minimum value, reduce T
0the lower straight-through time, T
0for setting-up time, the Tmid of hold mode change-over time, i.e. T
u, T
v, T
win median constant, obtain the needed straight-through duty ratio of the T-shaped inverter of Z source three level, finally the pwm signal obtaining is delivered to drive circuit.
After adjusting in described step (2), three-phase service time Tmax ', Tmid ', Tmin ' are respectively:
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, with respect to the T-shaped inverter of three level, the accurate Z source T-shaped inverter of three level not only can be realized and boosting, and due to the straight-through damage that can not cause power device, reliability obviously increases, and the deadband eliminating time, prevents wave distortion;
2 compare with accurate Z source two-level inverter, and the Z source T-shaped inverter output voltage of three level has midpoint potential, therefore little with high-frequency harmonic, required filter is less, because three level are than the more approaching sine wave of two level, therefore switching frequency can reduce, and switching loss is less;
3 compare with the Z source T-shaped inverter of three level, and three level T-shaped inverter in accurate Z source is due to the flat ripple effect of source of resistance network input inductance L 1, and input current continuity and ripple are less, therefore the also electric capacity row of the United Nations General Assembly group of input.
4 compare with accurate Z source three level NPC inverters, and the accurate Z source T-shaped inverter of three level has reduced component number, and conduction loss is lower, and efficiency is higher;
5, there is the advantages such as high power, waveform quality be good, extensive in renewable energy source domain prospects such as photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system, fuel cells.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the mode of operation of three level T-shaped inverter in accurate Z source under non-pass-through state;
Fig. 3 a T-shaped inverter of Z source three level equivalent circuit diagram under non-pass-through state that is as the criterion;
Fig. 3 b T-shaped inverter of Z source three level equivalent circuit diagram under upper pass-through state that is as the criterion;
Fig. 3 c T-shaped inverter of Z source three level equivalent circuit diagram under lower pass-through state that is as the criterion;
Fig. 3 d is as the criterion the T-shaped inverter of Z source three level in complete straight-through lower state equivalent circuit diagram;
The be as the criterion three dimensional vector diagram of Z source three level of Fig. 4 a;
Fig. 4 b tri-level change into the service time figure of two level;
Fig. 5 adopts the modulator approach of SVPWM to realize the accurate Z source T-shaped inverter of three level to boost and inversion control;
Fig. 6 operation waveform of three level T-shaped inverter in Z source in straight-through situation and in non-straight-through situation that be as the criterion;
Fig. 7 operation waveform of the Z source T-shaped inverter of three level in upper and lower straight-through situation that be as the criterion;
Fig. 8 Z source T-shaped inverter of three level and Z source three level NPC inverters operation waveform in non-straight-through and upper and lower straight-through situation that is as the criterion;
Fig. 9 Z source three level NPC inverter structure figure that are as the criterion;
The be as the criterion control circuit figure of the T-shaped inverter of Z source three level of Figure 10.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the T-shaped inverter of a kind of accurate Z source three level, comprises three-phase brachium pontis in parallel, and every phase brachium pontis comprises the IGBT pipe of two series connection, the different IGBT pipe of mid point one side series connection both direction of each phase brachium pontis, and opposite side is connected with resistance through filter; After connecting accurate Z source network, each brachium pontis input of parallel connection accesses input voltage source; In accurate Z source, two electric capacity junctions connect one end of the both direction different I GBT pipe of each phase brachium pontis, and each IGBT pipe drives by control circuit.
Described accurate Z source network comprises four inductance and electric capacity, and voltage source is anodal to be connected after an inductance series diode and after inductance, is connected a phase brachium pontis, is connected with an electric capacity between described brachium pontis and the input of diode; Voltage source negative pole connects after inductance diode of reversal connection and after inductance, is connected another phase brachium pontis, is connected with an electric capacity between described brachium pontis and the input of diode; Between the output of two diodes, be in series with two electric capacity, the connection mid point of two electric capacity connects third phase brachium pontis.
Described filter is LC filter circuit, and electric capacity common end grounding wherein.
Described control circuit comprises protective circuit, drive circuit, sampling modulate circuit; sampling modulate circuit connects DSP module; DSP module and protective circuit two-way communication, DSP module connects drive circuit, and in drive circuit output pwm signal driving brachium pontis, IGBT pipe opening and turn-offing.
The three-phase voltage value size of direct voltage, direct current, Z source network capacitance voltage and the filter output of described sampling modulate circuit Gather and input voltage source.System output is connected with load.
For the T-shaped inverter of accurate Z source three level, adopt the method for SPWM, can make final output voltage comprise a large amount of harmonic waves, affect the waveform quality of output voltage.And the mode control PWM output that adopts SVPWM can improve voltage waveform quality and improve direct voltage utilance.Therefore the present invention adopts the method for SVPWM to realize the control of aiming at the T-shaped inverter of Z source three level.
The coherent signal that signal conditioning circuit records Hall element is nursed one's health, and obtains the analog signal that sample circuit can receive.The sampling of AD converter is controlled by DSP with conversion, and conditioned analog signal is converted to digital quantity.The processing of digital signal and SVPWM control, PWM produces by DSP and realizes, and the final pwm signal generating is given drive circuit and gone to control opening and turn-offing of IGBT pipe.
Fig. 2 is as the criterion the Z source T-shaped inverter of three level in non-straight-through situation, Converting Unit structure and circuit theory diagrams.Concrete control mode is as follows:
Modulating wave is three-phase sine-wave,
u
a＝sinωt
u
b＝sin(ωt-120°)
u
c＝sin(ωt-240°)；
Carrier wave is in phase place, to differ the triangular wave of 180 °.
Taking a, mutually as example, effluent is for just to the right to suppose electric current, and on off sequence generating mode is as follows:
If Ua>CA1 and Ua>CA2, on off sequence (Ua1, Ua2, Ua3, Ua4)=(1,1,0,0)=P.From Fig. 2 a, in the time of i>0, in the time that Ua1 opens, although Ua2 is open-minded, do not have electric current to flow through Ua2, Ua3, Ua4 turn-offs.In the time of i<0, Ua1, Ua2, Ua3, Ua4 turn-offs.Now Ua0=Vin/2.
If Ua<CA1 and Ua<CA2, on off sequence (Ua1, Ua2, Ua3, Ua4)=(0,0,1,1)=N.From Fig. 2 c, in the time of i<0, when Ua4 opens, although Ua3 is open-minded, do not have electric current to flow through Ua3, Ua, 1, Ua2 turn-offs.In the time of i>0, Ua1, Ua2, Ua3, Ua4 turn-offs.Therefore Ua0=-Vin/2.
If Ua<CA1 and Ua>CA2, on off sequence (Ua1, Ua2, Ua3, Ua4)=(0,1,1,0)=O.From Fig. 2 b, in the time of i>0, Ua2 is open-minded, Ua1, and Ua3, Ua4 turn-offs.Therefore Ua0=0.
If Ua<CA1 and Ua>CA2, on off sequence (Ua1, Ua2, Ua3, Ua4)=(0,1,1,0)=O.From Fig. 2 b, in the time of i<0, Ua3 is open-minded, Ua1, and Ua2, Ua4 turn-offs.Therefore Ua0=0.
Fig. 3 a T-shaped inverter of Z source three level equivalent circuit diagram under non-pass-through state that is as the criterion; Fig. 3 b T-shaped inverter of Z source three level equivalent circuit diagram under upper pass-through state that is as the criterion; Fig. 3 c T-shaped inverter of Z source three level equivalent circuit diagram under lower pass-through state that is as the criterion; Fig. 3 d is as the criterion the T-shaped inverter of Z source three level in complete straight-through lower state equivalent circuit diagram.Known by the derivation of equation, in the time of sensitizing factor B=1, the Z source T-shaped inverter of three level is operated in traditional decompression mode; In the time of sensitizing factor B>1, be operated in boost mode.
The be as the criterion three dimensional vector diagram of Z source three level of Fig. 4 a, is decomposed into 6 little hexagons.Fig. 4 b is after three-phase reference voltage is revised, and three level is changed into the SVPWM polar plot I of two level.
Fig. 5 is the switching waveform in the one-period that obtains of SVPWM modulator approach, and the switching over moment of three level is identical with two level.Therefore can be by upper and lower straight-through being added in equivalent zero vector.
Fig. 6 is upper and lower straight-through method for implanting; For the T-shaped inverter of accurate Z source three level, the injection of pass-through state can not exert an influence to the output voltage of brachium pontis, controls for SVPWM, { O} state can not produce complete straight-through for O, O, therefore only have upper straight-through and lower leading directly to, and upper and lower straight-through can only being created in equivalent zero vector.Wherein, { O} state refers to that the IGBT of three-phase brachium pontis in parallel manages all in { O} state for O, O.{ O} state is that the Continuity signal of four IGBT pipes of this phase brachium pontis is respectively (0,1,1,0); { N} state is that the Continuity signal of four IGBT pipes of this phase brachium pontis is respectively (0,0,1,1); { P} state is that the Continuity signal of four IGBT pipes of this phase brachium pontis is respectively (1,1,0,0).
Upper straight-through can only occurring in O}, in the action time of the equipollent vectors of N} state, lower straight-through can only occurring in O}, { in the action time of P} state equipollent vectors.It is straight-through that selector switch state is changed minimum brachium pontis generation, at any time, and to the Tmax of service time, i.e. T
u, T
v, T
win maximum, increase T
0upper straight-through, the Tmax to service time simultaneously, i.e. TU, TV, the minimum value in TW, reduces T
0lower straight-through, keep the Tmid of modulation signal, i.e. T
u, T
v, T
win median constant.Obtain the needed straight-through duty ratio of the T-shaped inverter of Z source three level, finally the pwm signal obtaining is delivered to drive circuit.
Fig. 7 is the waveform that SVPWM controls lower straight-through time T 0=0 and T0=0.1.When straight-through time T 0=0, setting modulation degree M is 0.8.What in figure, export successively is phase voltage, phase current, line voltage, Vdc voltage, accurate Z source network intermediate capacitance voltage.The accurate Z source T-shaped inverter of three level does not boost, and therefore the peak value of line voltage equals 200V.When straight-through time T 0=0.1, by the known sensitizing factor B=1.25 of formula, therefore theoretical phase voltage value is 160*1.25/1.732=115V, and actual measured value is 114V.Can obtain theoretical boost value Vdc by formula is 250V, and actual measured value is 249V.Electric current is not subject to the impact of through connect signal and distorts.The capacitance voltage of accurate Z source network can obtain 112V by correlation formula, and actual measured value is 111V.Vdc voltage is realized and being boosted and invert function to 250V variation at 125V in addition.Simulation result shows that the accurate Z source T-shaped inverter of three level can make line voltage be raised to the value of setting and not affect the waveform quality of output current.
Fig. 8 Z source three level NPC inverters and accurate Z source T-shaped inverter of three level that is as the criterion adopts SVPWM method to carry out simulation comparison.From figure, table 2 can find out, three level T-shaped inverter in accurate Z source is with accurate Z source three level NPC inverters under identical modulation strategy, harmonic wave is little, waveform quality is suitable.
Under table 2 PD modulation strategy, harmonic ratio
The be as the criterion structure chart of Z source three level NPC of Fig. 9.
The be as the criterion control circuit figure of the T-shaped inverter in Z source of Figure 10; Control circuit comprises protective circuit, drive circuit and sampling modulate circuit, sampling modulate circuit comprises three-phase voltage U a, Ub, the Uc of direct voltage Vin, Z source capacitance voltage Vzc, direct current Idc and filter output, signal conditioning circuit and control had/under-voltage protection of voltage and overcurrent protection; In drive circuit output pwm signal driving brachium pontis, IGBT pipe opening and turn-offing.
Therefore, adopt SVPWM modulation strategy can realize boosting and invert function of the T-shaped inverter of accurate Z source three level, and with respect to accurate Z source three level NPC inverters, conduction loss is lower, efficiency is high, and waveform quality is suitable.This topology inverter has a extensive future at renewable energy source domains such as photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system, fuel cells.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendments that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the T-shaped inverter of accurate Z source three level, is characterized in that: comprise three-phase brachium pontis in parallel, every phase brachium pontis comprises the IGBT pipe of two series connection, the different IGBT pipe of mid point one side series connection both direction of each phase brachium pontis, and opposite side is connected with resistance through filter; After connecting accurate Z source network, each brachium pontis input of parallel connection accesses input voltage source; In accurate Z source, two electric capacity junctions connect one end of the both direction different I GBT pipe of each phase brachium pontis, and each IGBT pipe drives by control circuit.
2. the T-shaped inverter of the accurate Z of one as claimed in claim 1 source three level, it is characterized in that: described accurate Z source network comprises four inductance and electric capacity, voltage source is anodal to be connected after an inductance series diode and after inductance, is connected a phase brachium pontis, is connected with an electric capacity between described brachium pontis and the input of diode; Voltage source negative pole connects after inductance diode of reversal connection and after inductance, is connected another phase brachium pontis, is connected with an electric capacity between described brachium pontis and the input of diode; Between the output of two diodes, be in series with two electric capacity, the connection mid point of two electric capacity connects third phase brachium pontis.
3. the T-shaped inverter of the accurate Z of one as claimed in claim 1 source three level, is characterized in that: described filter is LC filter circuit, and electric capacity common end grounding wherein.
4. the T-shaped inverter of the accurate Z of one as claimed in claim 1 source three level; it is characterized in that: described control circuit comprises protective circuit, drive circuit, sampling modulate circuit; sampling modulate circuit connects DSP module; DSP module and protective circuit two-way communication; DSP module connects drive circuit, and in drive circuit output pwm signal driving brachium pontis, IGBT pipe opening and turn-offing.
5. the T-shaped inverter of the accurate Z of one as claimed in claim 4 source three level, is characterized in that: the three-phase voltage value size of direct voltage, direct current, Z source network capacitance voltage and the filter output of described sampling modulate circuit Gather and input voltage source.
6. a SVPWM modulator approach for the T-shaped inverter of accurate Z source three level based on described in any one in claim 1-5, is characterized in that: specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) three level are changed into the SVPWM of two level, on the basis of SVPWM, calculate the state conversion time of every phase brachium pontis;
(2) state conversion time of every phase brachium pontis is adjusted, obtained final pwm signal.
7. SVPWM modulator approach as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of described step (1) is: the reference vector that first according to the correction relation of table 1, three level reference vectors is changed into two level; Wherein
for changing into the Voltage Reference vector of two level,
be the Voltage Reference vector of three level,
for input voltage,
The correction relation of table 1 reference voltage
Then the state conversion time that calculates every phase brachium pontis on the basis of two level SVPWM algorithms is T
u, T
v, T
w:
Wherein: C=0.5T
1-b, T
1=T
s-(a-b), a=max (T
u, T
v, T
w), b=min (T
u, T
v, T
w), T
sit is a switch periods time.
8. SVPWM modulator approach as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of described step (2) is: it is straight-through that selector switch state is changed minimum brachium pontis generation, at any time, and to the Tmax of state conversion time, i.e. T
u, T
v, T
win maximum, increase T
0the upper straight-through time, the Tmin to state conversion time, i.e. T simultaneously
u, T
v, T
win minimum value, reduce T
0the lower straight-through time, T
0for setting-up time, the Tmid of hold mode change-over time, i.e. T
u, T
v, T
win median constant, obtain the needed straight-through duty ratio of the T-shaped inverter of Z source three level, finally the pwm signal obtaining is delivered to drive circuit.
9. SVPWM modulator approach as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: after adjusting in described step (2), three-phase service time Tmax ', Tmid ', Tmin ' are respectively:
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| CN110365240A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-22 | 山东大学 | T-type NNPC five-level converter and its striding capacitance voltage control method |
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| WO2023216518A1 (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-11-16 | 锦浪科技股份有限公司 | T-type three-level overload operating system and working method thereof |
| CN115102417A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-23 | 江苏科曜能源科技有限公司 | Four-wire three-level energy storage converter |
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