TWI548192B - Inverter apparatus and control method thereof - Google Patents
Inverter apparatus and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI548192B TWI548192B TW104103281A TW104103281A TWI548192B TW I548192 B TWI548192 B TW I548192B TW 104103281 A TW104103281 A TW 104103281A TW 104103281 A TW104103281 A TW 104103281A TW I548192 B TWI548192 B TW I548192B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
- H02H7/1225—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters responsive to internal faults, e.g. shoot-through
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於逆變裝置，尤指一種利用檢測直流母線電壓以控制逆變裝置的方法及其相關的逆變裝置。 The present invention relates to an inverter device, and more particularly to a method for controlling an inverter device by detecting a DC bus voltage and an associated inverter device.
在傳統的逆變裝置之中，直流轉直流轉換器會接收太陽能電池板輸出的直流電源，並將其進行升壓以傳送至直流轉交流轉換器，直流轉交流轉換器接著會將經升壓後的直流電源轉換成交流電源。由於太陽能電池板容易受到外在環境的影響(例如，雲朵遮蔽、飛禽糞便及/或枯葉遮蓋)，這會造成逆變裝置由太陽能電池所接收之功率能量跟著變低，當逆變裝置輸出的功率過低(輕載狀態)，會使逆變裝置在輕載的工作效率變差。 In a conventional inverter device, a DC-to-DC converter receives a DC power output from a solar panel and boosts it to a DC-to-AC converter, which then boosts the converter. The rear DC power is converted to an AC power source. Since the solar panel is susceptible to the external environment (for example, cloud cover, bird droppings and/or dead leaves), this will cause the power energy received by the inverter to be reduced by the solar cell, and the power output from the inverter. Too low (light load condition) will make the inverter work at light load.
因此，需要一種創新的逆變裝置的控制方法，以解決逆變裝置因為外在環境的影響而造成工作效率不佳的問題。 Therefore, there is a need for an innovative control method for an inverter device to solve the problem of inefficient operation of the inverter device due to the influence of the external environment.
有鑑於此，本發明的目的之一在於提供一種利用檢測直流母線電壓以控制逆變裝置的方法及其相關的逆變裝置，來解決上述問題。 In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for controlling a DC bus voltage to control an inverter device and an associated inverter device thereof to solve the above problems.
依據本發明之一實施例，其揭示一種逆變裝置的控制方法。該逆變裝置包含一直流轉直流轉換器與一直流轉交流轉換器。該直流轉直流轉換 器之一輸出側耦接於該直流轉交流轉換器之一輸入側。該控制方法包含以下步驟：自該直流轉直流轉換器之該輸出側輸出一直流電源；自該直流轉交流轉換器之該輸入側接收該直流電源，並依據該直流電源於該直流轉交流轉換器之一輸出側產生一交流電源；以及檢測該直流電源，並據以控制該直流轉交流轉換器之操作。 According to an embodiment of the invention, a method of controlling an inverter device is disclosed. The inverter device comprises a DC converter and a DC converter. The DC to DC conversion One output side of the device is coupled to one of the input sides of the DC-to-AC converter. The control method includes the following steps: outputting a DC power source from the output side of the DC-to-DC converter; receiving the DC power source from the input side of the DC-to-AC converter, and converting the DC power according to the DC power source One of the output sides generates an AC power source; and detects the DC power source and controls the operation of the DC-to-AC converter accordingly.
依據本發明之一實施例，其揭示一種逆變裝置。該逆變裝置包含 一直流轉直流轉換器、一直流轉交流轉換器以及一控制器。該直流轉直流轉換器用以輸出一直流電源。該直流轉交流轉換器係耦接於該直流轉直流轉換器，用以接收該直流電源，並依據該直流電源來產生一交流電源。該控制器係耦接於該直流轉交流轉換器，用以檢測該直流電源，並據以控制該直流轉交流轉換器之操作。 According to an embodiment of the invention, an inverter device is disclosed. The inverter device comprises A DC to DC converter, a continuously flowing AC converter, and a controller. The DC to DC converter is used to output a DC power source. The DC-to-DC converter is coupled to the DC-to-DC converter for receiving the DC power source and generating an AC power source according to the DC power source. The controller is coupled to the DC-to-AC converter for detecting the DC power source and controlling the operation of the DC-to-AC converter accordingly.
本發明所提供之逆變裝置的控制方法透過檢測初級輸出(直流母 線電壓)，消弭/減少外在環境對逆變裝置之工作效率的影響，進而提昇逆變裝置於輕載狀態下的操作性能。 The control method of the inverter device provided by the present invention detects the primary output (DC mother) Line voltage), eliminating/reducing the influence of the external environment on the working efficiency of the inverter device, thereby improving the operating performance of the inverter device under light load conditions.
100‧‧‧逆變裝置 100‧‧‧Inverter
102‧‧‧太陽能電池 102‧‧‧ solar cells
110‧‧‧直流轉直流轉換器 110‧‧‧DC to DC converter
120‧‧‧直流轉交流轉換器 120‧‧‧DC to AC converter
130‧‧‧控制器 130‧‧‧ Controller
302~332、402~432‧‧‧步驟 302~332, 402~432‧‧‧ steps
PIN‧‧‧輸入電源 P IN ‧‧‧Input power supply
PIN‧‧‧輸入電源 P IN ‧‧‧Input power supply
PDC‧‧‧直流電源 P DC ‧‧‧DC power supply
PAC‧‧‧交流電源 P AC ‧‧‧AC power supply
SDO、SAO‧‧‧輸出側 S DO , S AO ‧‧‧ output side
SAI‧‧‧輸入側 S AI ‧‧‧ input side
SG‧‧‧脈衝寬度調變訊號 S G ‧‧‧ pulse width modulation signal
CBUS‧‧‧直流母線電容 C BUS ‧‧‧DC bus capacitor
VBUS‧‧‧直流母線電壓 V BUS ‧‧‧ DC bus voltage
VH‧‧‧上限準位 V H ‧‧‧ upper limit
VL‧‧‧下限準位 V L ‧‧‧ lower limit
IAC‧‧‧電流準位 I AC ‧‧‧current level
t1、t2、t3、t4‧‧‧時間點 t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , t 4 ‧‧‧
第1圖為本發明逆變裝置之一實施例的功能方塊示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of an inverter device according to the present invention.
第2圖為第1圖所示之逆變裝置的初級輸出與次級輸出的一波形圖。 Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram showing the primary output and the secondary output of the inverter device shown in Fig. 1.
第3圖為本發明逆變裝置的控制方法之一實施例的流程圖。 Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a control method of the inverter device of the present invention.
第4圖為本發明逆變裝置的控制方法之另一實施例的流程圖。 Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing another embodiment of the control method of the inverter device of the present invention.
為了提昇逆變裝置於輕載狀態下的工作效率，本發明所提供之逆 變裝置的控制方法可直接檢測直流母線電壓(例如，直流轉直流轉換器所輸出之直流電源)，而據以決定是否要將逆變裝置操作於間歇模式(burst mode)以提昇工作效率。為了便於理解本發明的技術特徵，以下係以光伏逆變器(Photovoltaic inverter)來作為本發明所提供之逆變裝置的實作範例。然而，本發明所提供之逆變裝置的控制方法並不限於光伏逆變器。進一步的說明如下。 In order to improve the working efficiency of the inverter device under light load conditions, the inverse provided by the present invention The control method of the variable device can directly detect the DC bus voltage (for example, the DC power output from the DC-to-DC converter), and accordingly determine whether the inverter device is to be operated in a burst mode to improve the working efficiency. In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical features of the present invention, a photovoltaic inverter is used as an implementation example of the inverter device provided by the present invention. However, the control method of the inverter device provided by the present invention is not limited to the photovoltaic inverter. Further explanation is as follows.
請參閱第1圖，其為本發明逆變裝置之一實施例的功能方塊示意圖。逆變裝置100耦接於一太陽能電池(Photovoltaic cell，PV cell)102，並可包含(但不限於)一直流轉直流轉換器(direct current to direct current converter，DC/DC converter)110、一直流轉交流轉換器(direct current to alternating current converter，DC/AC converter)120以及一控制器130。直流轉直流轉換器110可接收太陽能電池102所提供之輸入電源PIN，並據以於輸出側SDO輸出一直流電源PDC(例如，直流母線電壓VBUS)。直流轉直流轉換器110之輸出側SDO耦接於直流轉交流轉換器120之輸入側SAI，其中直流轉交流轉換器120用以接收直流電源PDC，並依據直流電源PDC來於輸出側SAO產生一交流電源PAC。於此實施例中(但本發明不限於此)，直流轉直流轉換器110可由一LLC諧振式轉換器(LLC resonant converter)來實作之，以利用其軟性切換的特性而提高轉換效率並且降低電磁干擾，而直流轉交流轉換器120也可稱作直流轉交流變流器(DC/AC inverter)。 Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of an inverter device according to the present invention. The inverter device 100 is coupled to a photovoltaic cell (PV cell) 102 and may include, but is not limited to, a direct current to direct current converter (DC/DC converter) 110. A direct current to alternating current converter (DC/AC converter) 120 and a controller 130. The DC to DC converter 110 can receive the input power P IN provided by the solar cell 102 and output a DC power source P DC (eg, the DC bus voltage V BUS ) on the output side S DO . The output side S DO of the DC-to-DC converter 110 is coupled to the input side S AI of the DC-to-AC converter 120, wherein the DC-to-AC converter 120 is configured to receive the DC power P DC and output according to the DC power P DC The side S AO generates an AC power source P AC . In this embodiment (but the invention is not limited thereto), the DC-to-DC converter 110 can be implemented by an LLC resonant converter to improve conversion efficiency and reduce the efficiency of its soft switching. Electromagnetic interference, and the DC-to-AC converter 120 can also be referred to as a DC/AC inverter.
控制器130耦接於直流轉交流轉換器120，用以檢測直流電源PDC，並據以控制直流轉交流轉換器120之操作。舉例來說，控制器130可直接接收直流母線電容CBUS的跨壓(亦即，直流母線電壓VBUS)，以對直流電源PDC進行檢測。於另一範例中，直流母線電容CBUS的跨壓可經由一分壓電路(未繪示於第1圖中)而耦接於控制器130，控制器130便可依據所接收之分壓 資訊來檢測直流電源PDC。於又一範例中，直流轉直流轉換器110另可將直流電源PDC輸出至控制器130，以供控制器130進行直流母線電壓之檢測。 The controller 130 is coupled to the DC-to-AC converter 120 for detecting the DC power P DC and controlling the operation of the DC-to-AC converter 120 accordingly. For example, the controller 130 can directly receive the voltage across the DC bus capacitor C BUS (ie, the DC bus voltage V BUS ) to detect the DC power P DC . In another example, the voltage across the DC bus capacitor C BUS can be coupled to the controller 130 via a voltage dividing circuit (not shown in FIG. 1 ), and the controller 130 can be based on the received partial voltage. Information to detect DC power P DC . In another example, the DC to DC converter 110 can further output the DC power source P DC to the controller 130 for the controller 130 to detect the DC bus voltage.
當控制器130檢測出直流電源PDC滿足一切換準則時，控制器130便可據以控制逆變裝置100之操作模式。請連同第1圖來參閱第2圖。第2圖為第1圖所示之逆變裝置100的初級輸出(直流母線電壓VBUS)與次級輸出(交流電源PAC之電流準位IAC)的一波形圖。於時間點t1之前，逆變裝置100操作於一正常模式下。於時間點t1，因為外在環境的改變，造成逆變裝置100之初級功率開始降低。舉例來說，由於雲朵遮蔽的關係，造成逆變裝置100輸出的能量大於太陽能電池102可供應的能量，因此，直流母線電壓VBUS會開始下降。於此實施例中，當控制器130檢測出直流母線電壓VBUS下降至一下限準位VL時(時間點t2)，控制器130即關閉直流轉交流轉換器120以停止其切換操作，使得直流母線電壓VBUS可開始回升。舉例來說，控制器130可藉由減少脈衝寬度調變訊號SG(用來控制直流轉交流轉換器120之操作)的責任週期、將脈衝寬度調變訊號SG設為低準位，或停止將脈衝寬度調變訊號SG提供給直流轉交流轉換器120，以關閉直流轉交流轉換器120。 When the controller 130 detects that the DC power source P DC meets a switching criterion, the controller 130 can control the operation mode of the inverter device 100 accordingly. Please refer to Figure 2 together with Figure 1. Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of the primary output (DC bus voltage V BUS ) and the secondary output (current level I AC of the AC power source P AC ) of the inverter device 100 shown in Fig. 1. Before the time point t 1, the inverter device 100 operates in a normal mode. At time point t 1 , the primary power of the inverter device 100 begins to decrease due to changes in the external environment. For example, due to the cloud shielding relationship, the energy output by the inverter device 100 is greater than the energy that the solar cell 102 can supply, and therefore, the DC bus voltage V BUS will begin to decrease. In this embodiment, when the controller 130 detects that the DC bus voltage V BUS falls to a lower limit level V L (time point t 2 ), the controller 130 turns off the DC-to-AC converter 120 to stop its switching operation. This allows the DC bus voltage V BUS to start to rise. For example, the controller 130 can set the pulse width modulation signal S G to a low level by reducing the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal S G (used to control the operation of the DC to AC converter 120), or The pulse width modulation signal S G is stopped from being supplied to the DC-to-AC converter 120 to turn off the DC-to-AC converter 120.
在控制器130關閉直流轉交流轉換器120之後，控制器130可持續對直流電源PDC進行檢測，以避免直流電源PDC之能量準位過高而導致電路元件損壞。於此實施例中，當控制器130檢測出直流母線電壓VBUS上升至一上限準位VH時(時間點t3)，控制器130開啟直流轉交流轉換器120以啟動變流操作。舉例來說，控制器130可藉由增加脈衝寬度調變訊號SG的責任週期或再次將脈衝寬度調變訊號SG提供予直流轉交流轉換器120，以致能直流轉交流轉換器120輸出交流電源PAC。當控制器130再次檢測出直流母線電壓VBUS下降至下限準位VL時(時間點t4)，控制器130可重複上述控制機制以提昇逆變裝置100於輕載狀態下的工作效率。 In the controller 130 off the DC-AC converter after 120, the controller 130 of the DC power P DC sustainable detected, in order to avoid the energy level of the DC power P DC caused by excessive damage to the circuit elements. In this embodiment, when the controller 130 detects that the DC bus voltage V BUS rises to an upper limit level V H (time point t 3 ), the controller 130 turns on the DC-to-AC converter 120 to start the converter operation. For example, the controller 130 may increase the duty cycle by a pulse width modulation signal S G or the pulse width modulation signal S G is again provided to the DC-to-AC converter 120, so as to enable the DC-AC converter 120 outputs AC Power supply P AC . When the controller 130 detects again that the DC bus voltage V BUS falls to the lower limit level V L (time point t 4 ), the controller 130 may repeat the above control mechanism to improve the operating efficiency of the inverter device 100 in the light load state.
上述逆變裝置100之控制機制可簡單歸納為第3圖所示之流程圖。請連同第1圖與第2圖來參閱第3圖。第3圖為本發明逆變裝置的控制方法之一實施例的流程圖，其中該控制方法可應用於第1圖所示之逆變裝置100。請注意，第3圖所示之步驟的次序僅供說明之需。假若所得到的結果實質上大致相同，則不一定要依照第3圖所示之步驟次序來執行。第3圖所示之控制方法可簡單歸納如下。 The control mechanism of the above-described inverter device 100 can be simply summarized into the flowchart shown in FIG. Please refer to Figure 3 together with Figures 1 and 2. Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a control method of an inverter device according to the present invention, wherein the control method can be applied to the inverter device 100 shown in Fig. 1. Please note that the order of the steps shown in Figure 3 is for illustrative purposes only. If the results obtained are substantially the same, they do not have to be executed in the order of the steps shown in FIG. The control method shown in Figure 3 can be summarized as follows.
步驟302：開始。 Step 302: Start.
步驟312：檢測逆變裝置100之直流電源PDC的一能量準位(例如，初級輸出之電壓準位；直流母線電壓VBUS之準位)是否小於或等於一下限準位(例如，下限準位VL)。若是，執行步驟322；反之，執行步驟326。 Step 312: Detect whether an energy level of the DC power source P DC of the inverter device 100 (for example, the voltage level of the primary output; the level of the DC bus voltage V BUS ) is less than or equal to a lower limit level (for example, a lower limit Bit V L ). If yes, go to step 322; otherwise, go to step 326.
步驟322：關閉直流轉交流轉換器120。 Step 322: Turn off the DC to AC converter 120.
步驟326：開啟直流轉交流轉換器120。 Step 326: Turn on the DC to AC converter 120.
步驟332：檢測逆變裝置100之直流電源PDC的該能量準位是否大於或等於一上限準位(例如，上限準位VH)。若是，執行步驟326；反之，執行步驟322。 Step 332: Detect whether the energy level of the DC power source P DC of the inverter device 100 is greater than or equal to an upper limit level (for example, the upper limit level V H ). If yes, go to step 326; otherwise, go to step 322.
於步驟302中，逆變裝置100之直流轉交流轉換器120可處於致能狀態(例如，第2圖所示之時間點t2之前，或時間點t3與時間點t4之間)。於步驟312中，控制器130可依據直流轉交流轉換器120之一額定輸出能量(例如，市電的線電壓)來設定該下限準位(如380伏特)，以確保逆變裝置100可提供足夠的能量輸出。於步驟332中，控制器130可依據逆變裝置100之元件電性規格(例如，耐壓程度)來設定該上限準位(如410伏特)。另外，於步驟312及/或步驟332中，該能量準位並不限於直流電源PDC之電壓準位。舉例來說，控制器130也可以對直流電源PDC之功率準位或電流準位進行檢 測。由於熟習技藝者經由閱讀第1圖與第2圖的相關說明之後，應可了解第3圖所示之流程圖中每一步驟的操作細節，故進一步的說明在此便不再贅述。 In step 302, the DC-to-AC converter 120 of the inverter device 100 may be in an enabled state (for example, before the time point t 2 shown in FIG. 2 , or between the time point t 3 and the time point t 4 ). In step 312, the controller 130 may set the lower limit level (eg, 380 volts) according to one of the rated output energy of the DC-to-AC converter 120 (eg, the line voltage of the mains) to ensure that the inverter device 100 can provide sufficient Energy output. In step 332, the controller 130 may set the upper limit level (eg, 410 volts) according to the component electrical specifications (eg, the withstand voltage level) of the inverter device 100. In addition, in step 312 and/or step 332, the energy level is not limited to the voltage level of the DC power source P DC . For example, the controller 130 can also detect the power level or current level of the DC power source P DC . Since the skilled artisan will understand the operation details of each step in the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 after reading the related descriptions of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, further description will not be repeated here.
於一設計變化中，控制器130也可先檢測直流電源PDC之能量準 位是否高於一上限準位，而據以控制直流轉交流轉換器120之操作。請連同第1圖與第2圖來參閱第4圖。第4圖為本發明逆變裝置的控制方法之另一實施例的流程圖，其中該控制方法可應用於第1圖所示之逆變裝置100。請注意，第4圖所示之步驟的次序僅供說明之需。假若所得到的結果實質上大致相同，則不一定要依照第4圖所示之步驟次序來執行。第4圖所示之控制方法可簡單歸納如下。 In a design change, the controller 130 may also detect whether the energy level of the DC power source P DC is higher than an upper limit level, thereby controlling the operation of the DC-to-AC converter 120. Please refer to Figure 4 together with Figures 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing another embodiment of the control method of the inverter device of the present invention, wherein the control method is applicable to the inverter device 100 shown in Fig. 1. Please note that the order of the steps shown in Figure 4 is for illustrative purposes only. If the results obtained are substantially the same, they do not have to be executed in the order of the steps shown in FIG. The control method shown in Fig. 4 can be summarized as follows.
步驟402：開始。 Step 402: Start.
步驟412：檢測逆變裝置100之直流電源PDC的一能量準位(例如，初級輸出之電壓準位；直流母線電壓VBUS之準位)是否大於或等於一上限準位(例如，上限準位VH)。若否，執行步驟422；反之，執行步驟426。 Step 412: Detect whether an energy level of the DC power source P DC of the inverter device 100 (for example, a voltage level of the primary output; a level of the DC bus voltage V BUS ) is greater than or equal to an upper limit level (eg, an upper limit Bit V H ). If no, go to step 422; otherwise, go to step 426.
步驟422：關閉直流轉交流轉換器120。 Step 422: Turn off the DC to AC converter 120.
步驟426：開啟直流轉交流轉換器120。 Step 426: Turn on the DC to AC converter 120.
步驟432：檢測逆變裝置100之直流電源PDC的該能量準位是否小於或等於一下限準位(例如，下限準位VL)。若是，執行步驟422；反之，執行步驟426。 Step 432: Detect whether the energy level of the DC power source P DC of the inverter device 100 is less than or equal to a lower limit level (for example, a lower limit level V L ). If yes, go to step 422; otherwise, go to step 426.
於步驟402中，逆變裝置100之直流轉交流轉換器120可處於禁能狀態(例如，第2圖所示之時間點t2與時間點t3之間)。相似地，該下限準位(如380伏特)可依據直流轉交流轉換器120之一額定輸出能量(例如，市電的線電壓)來設定之，及/或該上限準位(如410伏特)可依據逆變裝置100之元件電性規格(例如，耐壓程度)來設定之。另外，控制器130也可 以對直流電源PDC之功率準位或電流準位進行檢測。由於熟習技藝者經由閱讀第1圖~第3圖的相關說明之後，應可了解第4圖所示之流程圖中每一步驟的操作細節，故與前述相仿之處在此便不再贅述。 In step 402, the DC-to-AC converter 120 of the inverter device 100 may be in an disabled state (for example, between a time point t 2 and a time point t 3 shown in FIG. 2 ). Similarly, the lower limit level (eg, 380 volts) may be set according to one of the rated output energy of the DC-to-AC converter 120 (eg, the line voltage of the mains), and/or the upper limit level (eg, 410 volts) may be used. It is set according to the electrical specifications of the components of the inverter device 100 (for example, the degree of withstand voltage). In addition, the controller 130 can also detect the power level or current level of the DC power source P DC . Since the skilled artisan can understand the operation details of each step in the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 after reading the related descriptions of FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the similarities with the foregoing will not be repeated here.
由上可知，本發明控制機制所採用的切換準則可以是「直流電源PDC之能量準位小於或等於一下限準位」及/或「直流電源PDC之能量準位大於或等於一上限準位」。如此一來，便可有效提昇逆變裝置100於輕載狀態下的工作效率。值得注意的是，第1圖所示之控制器130也可以先判斷直流轉交流轉換器120之操作狀態，再進行直流母線電壓VBUS之檢測。舉例來說，控制器130可先判斷直流轉交流轉換器120之操作狀態，而決定要先依據第2圖所示之下限準位VL來檢測直流母線電壓VBUS(例如，第3圖所示之流程)，還是先依據第2圖所示之上限準位VH來檢測直流母線電壓VBUS(例如，第4圖所示之流程)。 It can be seen that the switching criterion adopted by the control mechanism of the present invention may be “the energy level of the DC power source P DC is less than or equal to a lower limit level” and/or “the energy level of the DC power source P DC is greater than or equal to an upper limit. Bit". In this way, the working efficiency of the inverter device 100 under light load conditions can be effectively improved. It should be noted that the controller 130 shown in FIG. 1 may first determine the operating state of the DC-to-AC converter 120 and then detect the DC bus voltage V BUS . For example, the controller 130 may first determine the operating state of the DC-to-AC converter 120, and determine to first detect the DC bus voltage V BUS according to the lower limit V L shown in FIG. 2 (for example, FIG. 3 In the flow shown, the DC bus voltage V BUS (for example, the flow shown in FIG. 4) is first detected according to the upper limit V H shown in FIG. 2 .
另外，本發明所提供之逆變器架構係於逆變裝置的二次側設置一控制器，不僅可提昇逆變裝置於輕載狀態下的工作效率，另可解決傳統逆變裝置需要額外提供回授機制才能控制直流轉直流轉換器之電源輸出的問題。具體來說，傳統的逆變裝置僅於一次側(直流轉直流轉換器)設置一控制器，因此，為了要維持該直流轉直流轉換器的電源輸出穩定在某一特定值(如400伏特)，會需要先將直流轉交流轉換器/負載端(二次側)的一控制訊號回授至一次側的該控制器，該控制器再據以調整該直流轉直流轉換器的電源輸出。 In addition, the inverter architecture provided by the present invention is provided with a controller on the secondary side of the inverter device, which not only improves the working efficiency of the inverter device under light load conditions, but also solves the need for additional provision of the conventional inverter device. The feedback mechanism can control the power output of the DC to DC converter. Specifically, the conventional inverter device only sets a controller on the primary side (DC to DC converter), and therefore, in order to maintain the power output of the DC to DC converter stable at a certain value (for example, 400 volts) A control signal of the DC to AC converter/load terminal (secondary side) is first fed back to the controller on the primary side, and the controller adjusts the power output of the DC to DC converter accordingly.
相較於傳統的逆變器架構，本發明所提供之逆變器架構可於二次側設置一控制器以控制直流轉交流轉換器，無需傳統的回授機制即可提供穩定的一次側電源輸出。舉例來說，第1圖所示之逆變裝置100另可包含耦接 於直流轉直流轉換器110的另一控制器(不同於控制器130；未繪示於第1圖中)。換言之，第1圖所示之逆變裝置100的一次側及二次側均包含一控制器。由於控制器130可偵測一次側的電源輸出(亦即，直流電源PDC或直流母線電壓VBUS)，因此，控制器130便可直接將所得到的偵測結果來控制直流轉交流轉換器120是否進入間歇模式，進而控制直流轉直流轉換器110之電源輸出。另外，由於控制器130原本就可包含偵測電壓(例如，直流母線電壓VBUS)的腳位，因此本發明所提供之逆變器架構並不會增加額外的電路面積與成本。 Compared with the conventional inverter architecture, the inverter architecture provided by the present invention can set a controller on the secondary side to control the DC-to-AC converter, and can provide a stable primary side power supply without a conventional feedback mechanism. Output. For example, the inverter device 100 shown in FIG. 1 may further include another controller (other than the controller 130; not shown in FIG. 1) coupled to the DC-to-DC converter 110. In other words, the primary side and the secondary side of the inverter device 100 shown in Fig. 1 each include a controller. Since the controller 130 can detect the power output of the primary side (that is, the DC power supply P DC or the DC bus voltage V BUS ), the controller 130 can directly control the obtained detection result to control the DC to AC converter. 120 enters the intermittent mode, thereby controlling the power output of the DC to DC converter 110. In addition, since the controller 130 can originally include the pin of the detection voltage (for example, the DC bus voltage V BUS ), the inverter architecture provided by the present invention does not add additional circuit area and cost.
綜上所述，本發明所提供之逆變裝置的控制方法透過檢測初級輸出(直流母線電壓)，消弭/減少外在環境對逆變裝置之工作效率的影響，進而提昇逆變裝置於輕載狀態下的操作性能。另外，本發明所提供之逆變裝置係將初級輸出耦接於次級輸出側的控制器，而無需額外的電路即可有效提昇輕載狀態之工作效率，故可具有相當簡潔的電路架構，並且幾乎不會增加生產成本。 In summary, the control method of the inverter device provided by the present invention detects the primary output (DC bus voltage), eliminates/reduces the influence of the external environment on the working efficiency of the inverter device, and further improves the inverter device at light load. Operating performance in the state. In addition, the inverter device provided by the present invention couples the primary output to the controller on the secondary output side, and can effectively improve the working efficiency of the light load state without additional circuitry, so that the circuit structure can be quite simple. And it will hardly increase production costs.
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾，皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。 The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes and modifications made to the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.
302~332‧‧‧步驟 302~332‧‧‧Steps
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