CN203617928U - A single-phase photovoltaic grid connection inverter - Google Patents
A single-phase photovoltaic grid connection inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN203617928U CN203617928U CN201320838847.8U CN201320838847U CN203617928U CN 203617928 U CN203617928 U CN 203617928U CN 201320838847 U CN201320838847 U CN 201320838847U CN 203617928 U CN203617928 U CN 203617928U
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
Provided is a single-phase photovoltaic grid connection inverter. A DC/DC transformation unit of a preceding stage is coupled to a photovoltaic array and is used for realizing a maximum power point tracking function and a voltage multiplying function of the photovoltaic array. The DC/DC transformation unit comprises a voltage boost chopper circuit, a driving pulse complementation circuit and a clamping circuit. An NPC three-level inversion unit of a rear stage is coupled to the DC/DC transformation unit, a negative terminal of the photovoltaic array and an external alternating electrical network null line. A double closed loop grid connection control mode is adopted; a stable intermediate direct current voltage is obtained; and adjusting is carried out on grid connection current phases and grid connection quality so as to realize grid connection electricity generation. The NPC three-level inversion unit comprises a direct current side filter circuit and the DC/DC transformation unit. According to the utility model, through the simultaneous connection of the negative end of the photovoltaic array and the electrical network null line to a direct current side midpoint, a common-mode voltage of a system is completely eliminated, and a common-mode leakage current is further guaranteed to be zero; in addition, secondary pulsation occurring to a midpoint potential is also avoided, and capacitance value demands of a capacitor on a direct current side is further reduced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to without isolating transformer structure field, relates in particular to a kind of stage type neutral point clamp tri-level single phase photovoltaic combining inverter based on high frequency voltage-multiplying circuit.
Background technology
In traditional photovoltaic combining inverter, there is the HF switch action of switching device, can produce the common-mode voltage to the earth.Affected by the factor such as area, structure, environment and mounting means thereof of photovoltaic array, there is the distributed capacitance that is about 50 ~ 200nF/kWp in photovoltaic array to the earth.The existence of distributed capacitance between photovoltaic array and the earth, makes the common-mode voltage that photovoltaic combining inverter causes form common mode current by distributed capacitance, causes the problems such as power network current distortion, electromagnetic interference, even also may jeopardize personal safety.
Therefore, need to propose a kind of new photovoltaic combining inverter, to solve leakage current hidden danger that the common-mode voltage problem that exists in traditional photovoltaic combining inverter may cause and the secondary pulsation of DC side, improve the utilance of solar energy.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to address the above problem, and a kind of single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is provided, and solves common-mode voltage problem by the interconnection of neutral point and electrical network zero line, makes system not have leakage current hidden danger; DC side, by effective high frequency voltage-multiplying mode, has suppressed the secondary pulsation of midpoint potential preferably simultaneously, has reduced the capacitance of DC side filter capacitor.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, comprising: the NPC tri-level inversion unit of the DC/DC converter unit of prime and rear class, described DC/DC converter unit is coupled to photovoltaic array, for realizing MPPT maximum power point tracking and times compression functions of photovoltaic array, wherein, described DC/DC converter unit comprises boost chopper, driving pulse complementary circuit and clamp circuit, the described boost chopper photovoltaic array output voltage that is used for raising, described driving pulse complementary circuit is for exporting complementary driving pulse, described clamp circuit carries out neutral point clamp to voltage after boosting under driving for the driving pulse complementary, obtains stable midpoint potential, described NPC tri-level inversion unit is coupled to described DC/DC converter unit, the negative end of photovoltaic array and external communication electrical network zero line, adopt two grid-connected control modes of closed loop, obtain and stablize middle dc voltage and grid-connected current phase place and grid-connected quality are regulated, realization is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, wherein, described NPC tri-level inversion unit comprises DC side filter circuit and DC/AC translation circuit, it is zero for alternating voltage being carried out to DC filtering and making common mode leakage current that described DC side filter circuit is coupled to described clamp circuit, described DC/AC translation circuit is coupled to described DC side filter circuit, for the grid-connected current of photovoltaic array and external communication electrical network is controlled.
Further, described boost chopper comprises the first inductance and the first electric capacity, and described the first inductance one end is connected to the forward end of photovoltaic array simultaneously by one second capacity earth protection, and the other end is connected to respectively the two ends of described the first electric capacity by a diode; Described driving pulse complementary circuit comprises the first switching tube and second switch pipe, is attempted by the two ends of described the first electric capacity after described the first switching tube and second switch pipe string connect; Described clamp circuit comprises the first clamping diode and the second clamping diode, described the first clamping diode and the second clamping diode are one end and are connected to respectively described the first electric capacity and described driving pulse complementary circuit, and the other end is coupled to described DC side filter circuit.
Further, described DC side filter circuit is made up of the 3rd electric capacity of connecting and the 4th electric capacity, and described the 3rd electric capacity and the 4th electric capacity are an end and are connected to described clamp circuit, and the other end is coupled to described driving pulse complementary circuit.
Further, described DC/AC translation circuit comprises the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube; The 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube serial connection, and be one end and be connected to by an auxiliary switch one end of described DC side filter circuit, be coupled between described the 3rd electric capacity and the 4th electric capacity by a diode, the other end is connected to external communication electrical network by one second inductance simultaneously.
The good effect of the single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter that the utility model provides is:
1) photovoltaic array negative end and electrical network zero line are connected to DC side mid point simultaneously, eliminate system common-mode voltage completely, and then guaranteed that common mode leakage current is zero;
2) positive and negative group of DC capacitor of NPC tri-level inversion unit, respectively by the output capacitance high frequency clamp of DC/DC converter unit, avoided midpoint potential to occur secondary pulsation, reduced the capacitance demand of DC bus capacitor;
3) astatic control to AC signal has been realized in NPC tri-level inversion unit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the utility model single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter;
Fig. 2 is the utility model DC/DC converter unit working waveform figure;
Fig. 3 A is the first inductive energy storage schematic diagram of the utility model boost chopper;
Fig. 3 B is the first inductive discharge schematic diagram of the utility model boost chopper;
Fig. 4 is the utility model DC/DC converter unit control principle block diagram;
Fig. 5 A is the utility model positive level output schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 B is the utility model zero level output schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the utility model NPC tri-level inversion unit controls theory diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter described in the utility model is elaborated.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, comprises the DC/DC converter unit 12 of prime and the NPC tri-level inversion unit 14 of rear class.(the Neutral Point Clamped of the stage type neutral point clamp based on high frequency voltage-multiplying circuit that the utility model provides, NPC) tri-level single phase photovoltaic combining inverter, adopt the DC/DC conversion of prime to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking (the Maximum Power Point Ttracking of photovoltaic array, MPPT) and times compression functions, rear class NPC tri-level inversion is realized and being generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.
Described DC/DC converter unit 12 is coupled to photovoltaic array 10, for realizing MPPT maximum power point tracking and times compression functions of photovoltaic array 10.Wherein, described DC/DC converter unit 12 comprises boost chopper, driving pulse complementary circuit and clamp circuit.
Described boost chopper photovoltaic array 10 output voltages that are used for raising.Wherein, described boost chopper comprises the first inductance L 1 and the first capacitor C 1.Described the first inductance L 1 one ends are connected to the forward end of photovoltaic array 10; simultaneously by one second capacitor C 2 ground protections; first inductance L 1 other end is connected to the forward end end of described the first capacitor C 1 by diode D1, be connected to the negative phase end of the first capacitor C 1 by diode D2 simultaneously.
Described driving pulse complementary circuit is for exporting complementary driving pulse.Described driving pulse complementary circuit comprises the first switch transistor T 1 and second switch pipe T2, is attempted by the two ends of described the first capacitor C 1 after described the first switch transistor T 1 and second switch pipe T2 serial connection.Described the first switch transistor T 1 and second switch pipe T2 are separately and be connected to a diode (D11, D21 as shown in the figure).Described the first switch transistor T 1 and second switch pipe T2 conducting in switch periods are separately also that T1, T2 are in HF switch state.
Described clamp circuit carries out neutral point clamp to voltage after boosting under driving for the driving pulse complementary, obtains stable midpoint potential.Described clamp circuit comprises the first clamping diode D3 and the second clamping diode D4.The forward end of described the first clamping diode D3 is connected to the forward end of described the first capacitor C 1, is connected to the first switch transistor T 1 of described driving pulse complementary circuit simultaneously, and the negative end of D3 is coupled to described DC side filter circuit.The negative end of described the second clamping diode D4 is connected to the negative end of described the first capacitor C 1, is connected to the second switch pipe T2 of described driving pulse complementary circuit simultaneously, and the forward end of D4 is coupled to described DC side filter circuit.
Described NPC tri-level inversion unit 14 is coupled to negative end and external communication electrical network 19 zero lines of described DC/DC converter unit 12, photovoltaic array 10, adopt two grid-connected control modes of closed loop, obtain and stablize middle dc voltage and grid-connected current phase place and grid-connected quality are regulated, realization is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.Wherein, described NPC tri-level inversion unit 14 comprises DC side filter circuit and DC/AC translation circuit.
It is zero for alternating voltage being carried out to DC filtering and making common mode leakage current that described DC side filter circuit is coupled to described clamp circuit.Wherein, described DC side filter circuit is made up of the 3rd capacitor C 3 of connecting and the 4th capacitor C 4.The forward end of described the 3rd capacitor C 3 is connected to the negative end of the first clamping diode D3 of described clamp circuit, when the negative end of C3 is connected in series to the forward end of the 4th capacitor C 4, is connected between T1, the T2 of described driving pulse complementary circuit.The negative end of described the 4th capacitor C 4 is also connected between T1, the T2 of described driving pulse complementary circuit, and the forward end of C4 is connected to the forward end of the second clamping diode D4 of described clamp circuit.
Described DC/AC translation circuit is coupled to described DC side filter circuit, for the grid-connected current of photovoltaic array 10 and external communication electrical network 19 is controlled.Described DC/AC translation circuit comprises the 3rd switch transistor T 3 and the 4th switch transistor T 4.Described the 3rd switch transistor T 3 one end are connected to the forward end of the 3rd capacitor C 3 of described DC side filter circuit by an auxiliary switch T5, be coupled between described the 3rd capacitor C 3 and the 4th capacitor C 4 by a diode D5 simultaneously; The 3rd switch transistor T 3 other ends are connected in series described the 4th switch transistor T 4, and are connected to external communication electrical network 19 by the second inductance L 2.Described the 4th switch transistor T 4 one end are connected to the negative end of the 4th capacitor C 4 of described DC side filter circuit by an auxiliary switch T6, be coupled between described the 3rd capacitor C 3 and the 4th capacitor C 4 by a diode D6 simultaneously; The 4th switch transistor T 4 other ends are connected in series described the 3rd switch transistor T 3, and are connected to external communication electrical network 19 by described the second inductance L 2.Wherein all switching tubes separately and be connected to a diode (D31-D61 as shown in the figure).
Because photovoltaic array negative pole is directly connected with electrical network zero line, between photovoltaic array and the earth, there is not common-mode voltage.Because T1, the T2 of driving pulse complementary circuit is in HF switch state, therefore the C1 of boost chopper charges to C3 and the C4 of DC side filter circuit respectively with very high switching frequency, the voltage stabilization that only need to control C1 gets final product equivalent control C3, the voltage stabilization of C4, and therefore C3, C4 adopt the less electric capacity of capacitance.Also, no matter grid-connected current for just or for negative, output energy is mainly provided by the first capacitor C 1 that exists high frequency to switch, and therefore greatly reduces the capacity of NPC tri-level inversion unit DC side series capacitance C3, C4.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 4, the operation principle of described DC/DC converter unit is described.Wherein, Fig. 2 is DC/DC converter unit working waveform figure; Fig. 3 A is the first inductive energy storage schematic diagram of boost chopper; Fig. 3 B is the first inductive discharge schematic diagram of boost chopper; Fig. 4 is DC/DC converter unit control principle block diagram.
L1 and C1 composition boost chopper; The driving pulse complementation of T1, two switching tubes of T2; After D3, D4 will boost, voltage difference clamp is to intermediate point direct voltage Udc/2; In Fig. 2, D is conducting duty ratio, and Ug is T1 pipe gate voltage, and Ts is switch periods, U
c1and I
l1corresponding C1 voltage and L1 electric current respectively.
During (0 ~ t1), T1 conducting, inductance L 1 is by D1, T1 energy storage, DC inductance Current rise.Now, due to the existence of clamping diode D4, capacitor C 4 strictly equates with the voltage of C1, i.e. U
c1=U
c4(U
c4for the voltage at C4 two ends), as shown in Figure 3A.During (t1 ~ t2), when closing, T1 has no progeny, and inductance L 1 is charged to C1 by D1, T2 loop, C1 energy storage, L1 releases energy.Now, due to the existence of clamping diode D3, capacitor C 3 strictly equates with the voltage of C1, i.e. U
c1=U
c3(U
c3for the voltage at C3 two ends), as shown in Figure 3 B.
Because T1, T2 are in HF switch state, therefore C1 is with very high switching frequency respectively to C3 and C4 charging, and the voltage stabilization that only need to control C1 gets final product equivalent control C3, the voltage stabilization of C4, and therefore C3, C4 adopt the less electric capacity of capacitance.
With reference to figure 4, DC/DC converter unit control principle block diagram, DC/DC conversion fraction is mainly used in realizing the MPPT function of photovoltaic array, therefore adopts the control mode of inductive current closed loop, by U
c1and I
l1sampling, calculate DC side current-order I*
l1; Through pi regulator G
pI(s) draw the gate drive voltage U of switch transistor T 2
g-T2.MPPT controls the algorithm that adopts stagnant ring comparison method and optimum gradient method to combine, and calculates the set-point of inductive current, has realized the MPPT of photovoltaic array by controlling inductive current trace command electric current.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B and Fig. 6 describe the operation principle of described NPC tri-level inversion unit.Wherein, Fig. 5 A is positive level output schematic diagram; Fig. 5 B is zero level output schematic diagram; Fig. 6 is NPC tri-level inversion unit controls theory diagram.
Take alternating voltage positive half period as example, no matter alternating current direction is for flowing into or flowing out, when T3, T5 conducting, and NPC tri-level inversion unit output positive level, output voltage 0.5U
dc, as shown in Figure 5A; When T4, T6 conducting, NPC tri-level inversion unit output zero level, output voltage is zero, as shown in Figure 5 B; Output state handoff procedure between positive level and zero level only exists the discharging and recharging of capacitor C 3, and C4 voltage remains unchanged.In like manner, in alternating voltage negative half-cycle, regardless of the direction of alternating current, output state switches between negative level and zero level, and an existence discharges and recharges capacitor C 4, and C3 voltage remains unchanged.Owing to there is the high frequency clamp of prime DC/DC part, the voltage of C3, C4 is by C1 clamp, and midpoint potential remains unchanged substantially, can not exist traditional stage type photovoltaic combining inverter can cause that midpoint potential exists the problem of fluctuation.
With reference to figure 6, NPC tri-level inversion unit controls theory diagram, DC/AC part adopts two grid-connected control modes of closed loop, and outer voltage is stablized middle dc voltage, and current inner loop realizes the adjusting to grid-connected current phase place and grid-connected quality.U*
dcthe set-point that is DC bus-bar voltage can artificially be set, with actual DC busbar voltage U
dccompare, the result of output is sent into G
pI(s),, to control outer voltage output, make it reach set-point; G
pI(s) be Voltage loop PI controller, its output is pressed first-harmonic angular frequency with net
0sinusoidal product draw alternating current command value I*
grid; G
pR(s) be ratio resonant controller, press feed-forward signal U with net
gridafter addition, through line impedance G
f(s) obtain grid-connected current I
grid, form feedback control system.
Wherein, G
pI(s)=K
p+ K
i/ s (1);
G
f(s)＝1/（（L＋Lg）s＋Rg） (2)。
In formula: K
pand K
ibe respectively PI link proportion integral modulus; L is net side filter inductance; Lg and Rg are line impedance.For realizing, the floating of AC signal amplitude and phase place is followed the tracks of, current inner loop is selection percentage resonance (Proportion Resonant, PR) controller here, shown in (3), and K '
pand K
rbe respectively PR link ratio resonance coefficient, add cut-off frequency ω simultaneously
cexpand the bandwidth of resonant controller, reduce the susceptibility that desirable controller changes for resonance frequency, improve the stability of control system.
G
PR(s)＝K’
P＋K
Rω
cs/（s
2＋2ω
cs＋ω
0 2） (3)。
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the utility model structure; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. a single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, is characterized in that, comprising: the NPC tri-level inversion unit of the DC/DC converter unit of prime and rear class;
Described DC/DC converter unit is coupled to photovoltaic array, for realizing MPPT maximum power point tracking and times compression functions of photovoltaic array, wherein, described DC/DC converter unit comprises boost chopper, driving pulse complementary circuit and clamp circuit, the described boost chopper photovoltaic array output voltage that is used for raising, described driving pulse complementary circuit is for exporting complementary driving pulse, described clamp circuit carries out neutral point clamp to voltage after boosting under driving for the driving pulse complementary, obtains stable midpoint potential;
Described NPC tri-level inversion unit is coupled to described DC/DC converter unit, the negative end of photovoltaic array and external communication electrical network zero line, adopt two grid-connected control modes of closed loop, obtain and stablize middle dc voltage and grid-connected current phase place and grid-connected quality are regulated, realization is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, wherein, described NPC tri-level inversion unit comprises DC side filter circuit and DC/AC translation circuit, it is zero for alternating voltage being carried out to DC filtering and making common mode leakage current that described DC side filter circuit is coupled to described clamp circuit, described DC/AC translation circuit is coupled to described DC side filter circuit, for the grid-connected current of photovoltaic array and external communication electrical network is controlled.
2. single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described boost chopper comprises the first inductance and the first electric capacity, described the first inductance one end is connected to the forward end of photovoltaic array simultaneously by one second capacity earth protection, and the other end is connected to respectively the two ends of described the first electric capacity by a diode; Described driving pulse complementary circuit comprises the first switching tube and second switch pipe, is attempted by the two ends of described the first electric capacity after described the first switching tube and second switch pipe string connect; Described clamp circuit comprises the first clamping diode and the second clamping diode, described the first clamping diode and the second clamping diode are one end and are connected to respectively described the first electric capacity and described driving pulse complementary circuit, and the other end is coupled to described DC side filter circuit.
3. single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described DC side filter circuit is made up of the 3rd electric capacity of connecting and the 4th electric capacity, described the 3rd electric capacity and the 4th electric capacity are an end and are connected to described clamp circuit, and the other end is coupled to described driving pulse complementary circuit.
4. single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described DC/AC translation circuit comprises the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube; Described the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube serial connection, and be one end and be connected to by an auxiliary switch one end of described DC side filter circuit, be coupled between described the 3rd electric capacity and the 4th electric capacity by a diode, the other end is connected to external communication electrical network by one second inductance simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320838847.8U CN203617928U (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | A single-phase photovoltaic grid connection inverter |
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| CN201320838847.8U CN203617928U (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | A single-phase photovoltaic grid connection inverter |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104022669A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-03 | 大连海事大学 | Neutral point clamp photovoltaic inverter and modulation method thereof |
| CN105429448A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-23 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Single-phase inverter and DC bus ripple suppression method thereof |
| CN105958600A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-09-21 | 西安科技大学 | ARM control-based solar mobile phone charging power supply system |
| CN107112892A (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2017-08-29 | 梅鲁斯音频有限公司 | Multi output boosting DC D/C power converters |
| CN110943633A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Three-level single-phase single-stage boost inverter and control method thereof |
| CN111756244A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-09 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Two-stage conversion circuit |
| CN113273073A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2021-08-17 | 广东锐顶电力技术有限公司 | Novel full-wave switch DC-AC grid-connected inverter |
| CN113489326A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-10-08 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to energy router |
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2013
- 2013-12-19 CN CN201320838847.8U patent/CN203617928U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104022669A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-03 | 大连海事大学 | Neutral point clamp photovoltaic inverter and modulation method thereof |
| CN107112892A (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2017-08-29 | 梅鲁斯音频有限公司 | Multi output boosting DC D/C power converters |
| CN107112892B (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2019-09-03 | 英飞凌科技奥地利有限公司 | Multi output boost DC-DC power adapter |
| CN105429448A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-23 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Single-phase inverter and DC bus ripple suppression method thereof |
| CN105429448B (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2018-10-02 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of single-phase inverter and its DC bus Ripple Suppression method |
| CN105958600A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-09-21 | 西安科技大学 | ARM control-based solar mobile phone charging power supply system |
| CN110943633A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Three-level single-phase single-stage boost inverter and control method thereof |
| CN110943633B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2022-04-29 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Three-level single-phase single-stage boost inverter and control method thereof |
| CN113273073A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2021-08-17 | 广东锐顶电力技术有限公司 | Novel full-wave switch DC-AC grid-connected inverter |
| CN113273073B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2023-01-31 | 广东锐顶电力技术有限公司 | Novel full-wave switch DC-AC grid-connected inverter |
| CN111756244A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-09 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Two-stage conversion circuit |
| CN111756244B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-04-08 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Two-stage conversion circuit |
| CN113489326A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-10-08 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to energy router |
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