CN113489326A - Two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to energy router - Google Patents
Two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to energy router Download PDFInfo
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- CN113489326A CN113489326A CN202110963324.5A CN202110963324A CN113489326A CN 113489326 A CN113489326 A CN 113489326A CN 202110963324 A CN202110963324 A CN 202110963324A CN 113489326 A CN113489326 A CN 113489326A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of power electronics, and particularly discloses a two-stage DCAC (direct current-alternating current) bidirectional conversion device applied to an energy router, which comprises a primary DC/DC conversion unit, a direct current bus capacitor, a primary DC/AC conversion unit and an LC (inductance-capacitance) filtering unit, wherein the primary DC/DC conversion unit is connected with the DC bus capacitor; the DC/DC conversion unit is used for realizing the conversion of one direct-current voltage U1 and another direct-current voltage U2 and simultaneously realizing the neutral-point potential balance control of the direct-current bus capacitor; the direct current bus capacitor absorbs the ripple current of the system and provides stable direct current U2 for DC/AC; the direct current U2 is converted with three-phase four-wire sine alternating current with power frequency of 50Hz through DC/AC conversion and LC filtering, so that the conversion of wide-range direct current and alternating current is realized, and meanwhile, the problem of unbalanced three-level midpoint potential is solved while energy transmission is realized through an intelligent algorithm on the premise of not adding extra devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to an energy router.
Background
With the development of new energy industry, the improvement of clean energy ratio and the rapid development of energy storage technology, the technical scheme of the comprehensive energy router such as light storage and charging integration, intelligent microgrid and the like realizes the active control of multi-energy complementation, energy interconnection and multidirectional power flow, and has very positive promotion effects on the aspects of energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon consumption reduction of power users; the DC/AC bidirectional conversion technology is a main link in the solution and is a key technology for solving the problems of new energy storage, clean energy utilization and photovoltaic power generation feed network;
the DC/AC bidirectional conversion device inverts direct current into alternating current, clean energy can be transmitted to a power grid through grid-connected feeding, and an intelligent micro-grid can be formed to convert new energy power generation into alternating current to supply power to a load; the conversion of DC/AC is classified into a single-stage type and a two-stage type, the single-stage type structure is simple, but the control is complex, the isolation is difficult, the capacitance of the connection part of the DC/AC and the battery is large, and the current protection cannot be carried out. The device adopts two-stage conversion, firstly carries out one-stage DC/DC conversion, and then carries out one-stage DC/AC conversion to invert direct current into alternating current, the number of devices is increased, but the control is simple, the control on direct current side current is well realized, the control on charging speed and charging mode is convenient to realize, and meanwhile, the direct current bus can be well utilized to realize two-stage separation; the three-phase four-wire inversion output mainly solves the adverse effects of midpoint offset and the like caused by unbalanced loads in off-grid and microgrid operation; the three-level topology adopted by the method has the advantages of low switching loss, high efficiency, output voltage waveform closer to a sine waveform, low current harmonic, designed filter parameters, reduced volume and convenience in installation;
the three-level topology has a plurality of advantages, but the neutral point potential imbalance is a problem which often occurs in the three-level topology, and the problems that the inverter output contains direct current components, the voltage borne by a switching device is unbalanced, the service life of a bus capacitor is influenced and the like can be caused under the condition of the neutral point potential imbalance after long-term operation; the DC/DC direct current conversion unit exists in the design of the patent, the DC/DC direct current conversion unit can work in a Buck model or a Boost mode by controlling the switching states of T1, T2, T3 and T4, two capacitors on a direct current side are directly charged and discharged, neutral point potential balance is directly controlled through the DC/DC direct current conversion unit, the method is simple, and a neutral point potential balance control circuit does not need to be additionally added.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and defects in the prior art, the invention provides a two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to an energy router, which adopts a power electronic conversion technology to convert one form of direct current U1 into direct current U2 of another voltage grade through one-stage DC/DC conversion, the U2 is subjected to voltage stabilization and filtering through a direct current bus capacitor and then is converted into three-phase four-wire power frequency 50Hz alternating current to be output, and a direct current power supply U1 can be an independent direct current source in the forms of storage battery power supply, super capacitor power supply and the like; the direct current U2 needs to meet the voltage level of the inversion requirement; the converter can transmit energy in two directions, can work in modes of grid connection, off-grid, micro-grid and the like, and is suitable for balanced load, unbalanced load, linear load and nonlinear load.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to an energy router, including a one-stage DC/DC conversion unit, a DC bus capacitor unit, a one-stage DC/AC conversion unit, and an LC filter unit, wherein:
the DC/DC conversion unit is used for converting direct current U1 in one form into direct current voltage U2 matched with a system in another form, and can also convert direct current U2 into direct current U1 through switching of working modes, and energy flows bidirectionally;
the direct current bus capacitor unit is used for stabilizing the voltage of a system direct current bus and absorbing ripple current generated by the system;
the DC/AC conversion unit is used for converting the direct current U2 into three-phase four-wire power frequency 50Hz alternating current, and can also convert the power frequency alternating current into a direct current point U2 through the switching of working modes, so that energy flows bidirectionally;
the LC filtering unit is used for filtering the square waveform of the DC/AC output into a sine waveform.
Furthermore, the DC/DC conversion unit comprises four power switch devices of an energy storage inductor L1 and T1-T4, the T1-T4 are connected in series to form a bridge arm, a collector of the T1 is electrically connected with an anode of a direct-current bus capacitor, an emitter of the T4 is electrically connected with a cathode of the direct-current bus, one end of the energy storage inductor is connected to a common point of the T1 and the T2, the other end of the energy storage inductor is connected to an anode of the U1, and a cathode of the U1 is connected to a common point of the T3 and the T4;
energy bidirectional flow of direct current U1 and direct current U2 is realized by switching the working mode of the DC/DC conversion unit, when the energy of a direct current source U2 needs to be transmitted to U1, the DC/DC conversion unit works in a Buck mode, and the energy of a direct current source U2 transmits the energy of direct current bus capacitors C1 and C2 to U1 through an energy storage inductor L1 by controlling the switching sequence of T1 and T4; when the U1 energy needs to be transmitted to the U2, the DC/DC conversion unit works in a Boost mode, and the energy of the direct current source U1 transmits the energy to the U2 through the energy storage inductor by controlling the switching sequence of the T2 and the T3;
the neutral point potential balance condition of the capacitor is identified by detecting the voltages of the upper half bus capacitor and the lower half bus capacitor of the direct current bus unit, when the neutral point potential of the bus capacitor is unbalanced, the system controls the DC/DC conversion unit to work in a Buck or Boost mode, and the DC/DC conversion unit respectively charges and discharges C1 and C2 independently, so that the voltage balance of the upper half bus capacitor and the lower half bus capacitor of the C1 and the C2 is ensured.
Furthermore, the direct current bus unit is formed by connecting an upper half bus capacitor C1 and a lower half bus capacitor C2 in series, and the connection midpoint of C1 and C2 is connected with the midpoint of a DC/DC conversion bridge arm, connected with the midpoint of a DC/AC conversion unit bridge arm clamping diode, connected with the midpoint of an LC filter unit capacitor and connected with an alternating current output N line;
furthermore, the DC/AC conversion unit consists of three NPC1 type three-level bridge arms, each bridge arm comprises four power switches and two clamping diodes, the connecting points of the two clamping diodes are connected with the midpoint of a capacitor, and the alternating current output of each bridge arm is connected with the corresponding LC filter inductor.
Furthermore, the LC filtering unit comprises three filtering inductors and three filtering capacitors, the three filtering inductors and the three filtering capacitors respectively correspond to three-phase alternating current output and filter square wave waveforms of the DC/AC conversion unit, and the three capacitors are connected in a star shape to form a midpoint which is connected with a bus capacitor midpoint and the alternating current output N.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to the energy router can convert one form of direct current U1 into another voltage grade U2 and further invert the direct current U2 into three-phase four-wire output power-frequency 50Hz sine wave alternating current or convert the power-frequency alternating current into direct current U1; the conversion of the direct current U1 and U2 is realized through a DC/DC bidirectional direct current conversion unit in the invention, two capacitors on the direct current side are directly charged and discharged by controlling the DC/DC bidirectional direct current conversion unit to work in a Buck model or a Boost mode, and the neutral point potential balance is directly controlled through the DC/DC bidirectional direct current conversion unit, so that the method is simple, and no additional neutral point potential balance control circuit is required; the DC/AC adopts a three-level topology, has the advantages of small switching loss, high efficiency, output voltage waveform closer to a sine waveform, small current harmonic, designed filter parameters, reduced volume and convenient installation, can be widely applied to use scenes of grid connection, off-grid, intelligent microgrids and the like, and is a key technology of comprehensive solutions of photovoltaic energy storage, voltage sag control, electric energy quality control and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to an energy router of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of the two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device of the present invention applied to an energy router.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a two-stage DC/AC bidirectional converter system applied to an energy router includes a DC/DC conversion unit, a DC bus capacitor, a DC/AC conversion unit, and an LC filter unit;
the direct current side storage battery is used as a direct current source U1, the electric energy of the storage battery is converted into direct current U2 which meets the design requirements of a system through DC/DC conversion, at the moment, a DC/DC conversion unit works in a Boost mode, as shown in FIG. 2, functional switches are T2 and T3, T2 and T3 are controlled to be simultaneously conducted at first, energy is stored in an energy storage inductor L1, T2 and T3 are respectively controlled to be turned off, the current circulation path is changed, and the energy in an energy storage inductor L1 is charged to C1 or C2;
when the T2 is controlled to be turned off and the T3 is controlled to be turned on, the energy in the energy storage inductor L1 charges the upper half-bus capacitor C1 of the direct current bus, and the current flow path is as follows: an energy storage inductor L1-T1 freewheeling diode-bus capacitor upper half capacitor C1-T3 power switch-DC source U1-energy storage inductor L1;
when the T2 is controlled to be switched on and the T3 is controlled to be switched off, the energy in the energy storage inductor L1 charges the lower half bus capacitor C2 of the direct current bus, and the current flow path is as follows: an energy storage inductor L1-T2 power switch-bus capacitor lower half capacitor C2-T4 power switch freewheeling diode-direct current source U1-energy storage inductor L1;
when energy is transmitted, the potential difference of the upper half bus and the lower half bus is ensured to change within an allowed control range by adding a midpoint balance control algorithm, so that the control of midpoint balance is realized;
the direct current U2 is stabilized by a direct current bus capacitor and then provides stable direct current for DC/AC, the DC/AC converter is controlled to work in an inversion mode according to the design of a system working mode, the direct current U2 is converted into alternating current square waves, and high-frequency components of the alternating current square waves are filtered by an LC filtering unit and are converted into power frequency sine waveforms; the converter power frequency alternating current output can be operated by grid-connected feed, and can be connected with an alternating current balanced load, an unbalanced load and the like to meet the requirements of users on power frequency power utilization.
When the system needs photovoltaic access, the direct current U2 is used as a photovoltaic access point to receive photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic power generation is respectively transmitted to the DC/DC conversion unit and the DC/AC conversion unit through the power control function, when the storage battery needs to be charged, the DC/DC conversion unit converts the photovoltaic power generation transmitted to the U2 into direct current U1 which can be received by the storage battery, and if the storage battery does not need to be charged, the DC/AC conversion unit converts the photovoltaic power generation into power frequency alternating current meeting grid connection or the requirement of power quality used by a user.
The above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not restrictive, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications to obtain corresponding equivalent technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent technical solutions should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a two-stage formula DC/AC bidirectional conversion device for energy router, includes one-level DC/DC conversion unit, direct current bus capacitor unit, one-level DC/AC conversion unit and LC filter unit, its characterized in that:
the DC/DC conversion unit is used for converting the direct current with the voltage grade of U1 into the direct current with the voltage grade of U2, comprises a Buck mode or a Boost mode working mode, and realizes the conversion of voltage rising and reduction and the bidirectional transmission of energy;
the direct current bus capacitor unit is used for absorbing part of converter ripple current, so that the direct current bus voltage of the converter is stable, and energy is provided for a load when the converter is operated off the grid;
the DC/AC conversion unit is used for converting the direct-current voltage U2 into power-frequency 50Hz three-phase four-wire system alternating current, and the alternating current output can be connected with grid feeding, a balanced load and an unbalanced load;
and the LC filtering unit filters high-frequency components of the square waveform output by the DC/AC conversion so that the power converter outputs a sine waveform.
2. The two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to the energy router of claim 1, wherein the DC/DC conversion unit comprises an energy storage inductor L1, power switches T1, T2, T3 and T4, wherein:
one end of an inductor L1 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current source, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the common point of the connection of the emitter of T1 and the collector of T2;
t1, T2, T3 and T4 are connected in series to form a bridge arm, the collector of T1 is connected with the positive electrode of the bus capacitor, and the emitter of T4 is connected with the negative electrode of the bus capacitor.
3. The two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to the energy router of claim 1, wherein the DC bus capacitor unit is composed of C1 and C2 which are connected in series, the common point of the connection of C1 and C2 is respectively connected with the common point of the connection of T2 and T3 of the DC/DC conversion unit and the diode clamp midpoint of the DC/AC conversion unit, and the common point of the connection of C1 and C2 is used as an N-line connection point of the AC output of the DC/AC conversion unit.
4. The two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to the energy router of claim 1, wherein the DC/AC conversion unit comprises three NPC1 type three-level bridge arms, each bridge arm is composed of four power switches and two clamping diodes.
5. The two-stage DC/AC bidirectional conversion device applied to the energy router of claim 1, wherein the LC filtering unit comprises three filtering inductors and three filtering capacitors, and the three filtering inductors and the three filtering capacitors respectively correspond to three-phase alternating current outputs and filter square wave waveforms of the DC/AC conversion unit, and the three capacitors are connected in a star-shaped manner to form a middle point, and the middle point is connected with the bus capacitor middle point and the alternating current output N.
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| CN114640257A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-06-17 | 杭州禾迈电力电子股份有限公司 | Direct current conversion circuit, inverter and inverter midpoint balancing method |
| CN115065270A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-09-16 | 北京索英电气技术有限公司 | Energy storage converter and energy storage system |
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