CN112112918B - Three-dimensional lattice structure of pole ization - Google Patents
Three-dimensional lattice structure of pole ization Download PDFInfo
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- CN112112918B CN112112918B CN202010990661.9A CN202010990661A CN112112918B CN 112112918 B CN112112918 B CN 112112918B CN 202010990661 A CN202010990661 A CN 202010990661A CN 112112918 B CN112112918 B CN 112112918B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/12—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members
- F16F7/128—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members characterised by the members, e.g. a flat strap, yielding through stretching, pulling apart
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
- F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a round-bar three-dimensional lattice structure, which comprises a plurality of lattice unit cells which are periodically and regularly arranged in a three-dimensional space and are mutually connected; the lattice unit cell comprises a plurality of spatially distributed nodes and a semicircular/semielliptical rod connected between the nodes; according to the invention, the straight rod in the lattice structure in the prior art is converted into the oval or round rod, so that the mechanical property of the structure is enhanced to a greater extent, and the lightweight degree is further improved, so that the round-rod lattice structure has good application value in functional bearing and lightweight application, and is easy to prepare and realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material structures, in particular to a lattice structure with arc-shaped rods, which has the characteristics of high bearing capacity, light weight, hole opening, easiness in preparation and the like, has excellent mechanical property and good energy absorption characteristic, and has wide applicability.
Background
At present, in the face of the current situation of accelerated transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in the fields of aerospace and automobile steamships in China, the lightweight, high-bearing and functional components are required more and more urgently, and the lattice structure consisting of periodic regular unit cells has great application potential. Therefore, it is inevitably required to develop a structure design method capable of improving the specific modulus and specific strength of the lattice structure and improving the advantage of light weight. For example, CN 201810615351.1-a light-weight space lattice structure discloses a light-weight, high-strength, through-hole rod lattice structure, which has good bending and torsion resistance, but the node of the rod lattice structure is easily damaged by loading. In contrast, patent CN 201910398127.6-a node-enhanced lattice structure discloses an enhanced lattice structure in which rods are connected by spherical nodes and fillets are smoothly transitioned between the rods and the spherical nodes, but the improved structure elastic modulus can be increased by only 20%, and the lattice unit cell volume is increased, which is not favorable for the light-weight goal.
Disclosure of Invention
To achieve excellent structural load-bearing characteristics while maintaining functional characteristics of high specific surface area, while promoting the advantage of light weight. On the premise of keeping high specific surface area and hole opening characteristics, the invention aims to innovatively provide a round-rod three-dimensional lattice structure, a plane quadrangle in the round-rod three-dimensional lattice structure is converted into an external ellipse or a circle, so that a novel arc-shaped rod lattice structure is formed, the mechanical property of the structure is enhanced to a greater extent, the light weight degree is further improved, the round-rod lattice structure has good application value in functional bearing and light weight application, and the round-rod lattice structure is easy to prepare and realize.
The invention relates to a round-rod three-dimensional lattice structure, which comprises a plurality of lattice unit cells which are periodically and regularly arranged in a three-dimensional space and are mutually connected; the lattice unit cell comprises a plurality of spatially distributed nodes and semicircular/semielliptic rods connected among the nodes; wherein, the distribution of the nodes in the lattice unit cell can adopt the existing lattice distribution in the prior art, such as BCC, FCC, etc.; the semi-circle/semi-elliptical rod in the lattice unit cell and the semi-circle/semi-elliptical rod in the adjacent lattice unit cell are mutually intersected to form a complete circle/elliptical rod.
Furthermore, the nodes in the lattice unit cell are distributed in a Body Centered Cubic (BCC) mode, four semielliptic rods are respectively connected with four pairs of vertex nodes of the body centered cubic, and the four semielliptic rods are intersected with the body centered nodes; FIG. 1 is a prior art body-centered cubic lattice unit cell structure with eight vertex nodes and one body-centered node; the eight straight rods are respectively connected with the eight vertex nodes and the body center node; in the invention, a pair of straight rods is replaced by a semi-elliptical rod; as shown in fig. 5, a schematic diagram of the existing BCC lattice structure is shown, and as shown in fig. 6, a schematic diagram of the BCC lattice structure after being round-bar-shaped is shown, it can be known from comparison that, in the lattice structure formed after the regular repetitive arrangement of lattice unit cells of the present invention, the planar quadrilateral bar structure on the diagonal plane in the horizontal direction in the existing BCC lattice is replaced by an external ellipse, so that it becomes an arc bar, and has the characteristics of light weight and high strength.
Furthermore, the nodes in the lattice unit cell are distributed in a face-centered cubic (FCC) mode; the eight semicircular rods are respectively connected with four pairs of vertex nodes of the face-centered cube, and two adjacent semicircular rods are intersected at the face-centered nodes. The face-centered cubic lattice unit cell structure in the prior art has eight vertex nodes and four face-centered nodes; each surface is respectively connected with four vertex nodes and a face center node by four straight rods; in the invention, as shown in fig. 3, each straight rod pair is replaced by a semi-circular rod, as shown in fig. 7, the schematic diagram of the FCC lattice structure after being round-rod shaped, and in the lattice structure formed by the regular and repeated arrangement of the lattice unit cells of the invention, the square rod structure in the existing FCC lattice is replaced by an external round rod.
Further, nodes in the lattice unit cells are distributed in a body-centered face-centered composite cubic (F2 BCC) mode; the four semielliptic rods and the eight semicircular rods are respectively connected with four pairs of vertex nodes of the composite cube, the four semielliptic rods are intersected at a body center node, and the two adjacent semicircular rods are intersected at a face center node; the body-centered face-centered composite cubic lattice unit cell structure in the prior art is provided with eight vertex nodes, four face-centered nodes and a body-centered node; the eight straight rods are respectively connected with the eight vertex nodes and the body center node, and each face is respectively connected with the four vertex nodes and the face center node through the four straight rods; as shown in fig. 4, in the present invention, each pair of straight rods connecting the vertex nodes and the face-center nodes is replaced by a semicircular rod, and each pair of straight rods connecting the vertex nodes and the body-center nodes is replaced by a semicircular rod, as shown in fig. 8, a schematic diagram of a circularly-stemmed F2BCC lattice structure is shown.
Further, the method selects a commonly used Ti6Al4V material, and completes the processing and preparation of the lattice structure according to the technical criteria of Selective Laser Melting (SLM), wherein the thickness of a slice layer in the selective laser melting process is 40 mu m, the laser power is 290w, the scanning speed is 1200mm/s, and the hatching interval is set to be 120 mu m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the round-rod lattice structure is simple in structure and convenient to prepare, cross nodes among the rod bodies are changed into arc transition, the stress bearing area is increased, stress concentration is reduced, and the mechanical property is improved remarkably compared with the traditional lattice structure.
2. The round-rod lattice structure has the advantages of light weight, high specific surface area, hole opening characteristics and functional potential, and is suitable for preparing filling type vibration attenuation structural members with high rigidity and high damping.
3. The design method of the round-rod lattice structure is widely applicable to lattice structures containing plane quadrangles, so that the improved lattice structure has excellent comprehensive performance and great popularization potential.
Drawings
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a BCC lattice unit cell in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circular rod BCC lattice unit cell;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a round rod FCC lattice unit cell;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circular rod F2BCC lattice unit cell;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a BCC lattice structure block in the prior art;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circular-bar BCC lattice structure block;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a round rod FCC lattice building block;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a circle-rod F2BCC lattice structure block;
FIG. 9 is a Z-direction compression response curve of BCC and circle-bar BCC lattice structures;
FIG. 10 shows Z-direction compression response curves of FCC, F2BCC and rounded FCC, F2BCC lattice structures.
Detailed Description
The embodiment discloses a one-way variant gradient lattice structure, which is characterized in that a planar quadrilateral rod contained in a traditional lattice structure is replaced by an elliptical rod or a circular rod, so that the mechanical property of the lattice structure can be greatly improved, and the light-weight and high-strength characteristics of the lattice structure are fully shown. In addition, the optimization strategy has good applicability to various lattice structures and is easy to process and prepare, so that a new reference is provided for further developing and applying lattice functional structural members of intelligent materials. The sample preparation material is commonly used titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, the preparation method is a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology, the resolution ratio reaches 0.01mm, and the structural parameter design is based on the SLM processing criterion.
Preferably, a simple-structured, widely representative Body Centered Cubic (BCC) lattice structure is chosen. According to the processing requirement of preparing the titanium alloy material by the SLM method, the preferred rod diameter of the BCC lattice structure is 0.6mm, excellent mechanical properties are obtained for matching the rod diameter, and the unit cell size is designed to be 4 multiplied by 4mm 3 FIG. 1 is a prior art BCC lattice unit cell model. Replacing a straight rod between a pair of connecting vertex nodes and a body center node with a semi-elliptic rod; from the integral view of the lattice, namely, the plane quadrangle on the diagonal surface of the lattice in the horizontal direction is replaced by an external oval rod, so that the straight rod of the lattice structure is changed into an oval arc rod, the round rod BCC lattice structure unit cell model is shown in figure 2, the rod diameter is 0.6mm, and the unit cell size is 4 multiplied by 4mm3.
In order to avoid the unit cell size effect and ensure the mechanical property of the lattice structure, the number of the BCC lattice structure unit cells and the circular bar BCC lattice structure unit cells arranged along three directions is designed to be 6. The unit cells are tightly combined, and through the solid combination in Boolean operation, a three-dimensional solid lattice block with the overall size of 24 × 24 × 24mm3 is formed, and fig. 5 and 6 are upper and lower isometric views of the two structures.
Further, the wide applicability of the design method of the round-bar lattice structure is verified, and a classical face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice structure and a combined (F2 BCC) lattice structure are established. According to the SLM processing constraint, the rod diameter of the FCC and F2BCC lattice structures is preferably 0.6mm, the matched unit cell size is 4 × 4 × 4mm3, the round-rod improvement is respectively performed, the round-rod lattice structure unit cells are arranged along three directions, the number is 6, to eliminate the size effect influence, and a three-dimensional solid lattice block with the overall size of 24 × 24 × 24mm3 is formed, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
And (3) carrying out analysis and verification on the lattice structure block by adopting finite element simulation, setting the material property as titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, and obtaining quasi-static compression response in the Z direction. The compressive stress strain curves of the BCC lattice blocks and the round-bar BCC lattice blocks in the Z direction are shown in FIG. 9, the mechanical property curves of the FCC and round-bar FCC lattice blocks and the F2BCC and round-bar F2BCC lattice blocks are shown in FIG. 10.
The lattice structure before and after the improvement has larger difference in mechanical property. The BCC lattice structure has an elastic modulus of 1.43Gpa and a compressive strength of 104.81MPa, and a ratio of the modulus to the strength to the relative density is determined by considering the influence of the relative density in the lattice structure, so that a relative elastic modulus and a relative compressive strength can be obtained, wherein the relative modulus and the relative strength are respectively 13.01Gpa and 0.95Gpa, and the specific surface area is 6.24. The circular rod BCC lattice structure has the elastic modulus of 6.05GPa, the compressive strength of 212.02MPa, the relative modulus and the relative strength of 60.51Gpa and 2.12Gpa respectively, and the specific surface area of 6.09. The relative density was reduced by 9.09%. The relative elastic modulus is increased by 365.10%, and the relative compressive strength is increased by 123.16%.
The relative elastic modulus of the FCC lattice structure before and after circular rod is increased by 193.66%, and the relative compressive strength is increased by 138.02%. The relative elastic modulus of the F2BCC lattice structure before and after circular rod is increased by 40.56 percent, and the relative compressive strength is increased by 95.67 percent. The change of stress-strain curves of a plurality of groups of lattice structures shows that the design method of the circular-rod lattice structure can keep the high specific surface area of the lattice structure, simultaneously, the lightweight advantage is improved, the mechanical property of the structure is greatly improved, and the circular-rod lattice structure has excellent applicability.
In addition, the lattice structure parameter design is based on the preparation process rule of preparing the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V by the SLM, so that the bad unit cell size effect of the lattice structure is effectively avoided, and the mechanical property of the sample piece is ensured. In order to reduce the structure residual stress and residual deformation and improve the processing precision and the bearing capacity of the lattice structure, the SLM preparation process parameters are selected as follows: the thickness of the sliced layer is 40 μm, the laser power is 290w, the scanning speed is 1200mm/s, and the hatching interval is set to be 120 μm. By means of high-precision SLM preparation method parameter selection and reasonable lattice structure size parameter design, a round-rod lattice structure sample with excellent processing effect is obtained.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A three-dimensional lattice structure of round-bar, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of periodically and regularly arranging a plurality of lattice unit cells in a three-dimensional space and mutually connecting the lattice unit cells; the lattice unit cell comprises a plurality of spatially distributed nodes and a semicircular/semielliptical rod connected between the nodes;
the nodes in the lattice unit cells are distributed in a face-centered cubic manner; the eight semicircular rods are respectively connected with four pairs of vertex nodes of the face-centered cube, and two adjacent semicircular rods are intersected at the face-centered nodes.
2. The rodlike three-dimensional lattice structure according to claim 1, wherein the nodes in the lattice unit cell are in a body-centered face-centered composite cubic distribution; the four semielliptic rods and the eight semicircular rods are respectively connected with four pairs of vertex nodes of the composite cube, the four semielliptic rods are intersected at the body center node, and the two adjacent semicircular rods are intersected at the face center node.
3. The round-rod three-dimensional lattice structure of claim 2, wherein the lattice structure is made of Ti6Al4V alloy by selective laser melting.
4. The round-rod three-dimensional lattice structure according to claim 3, wherein the slice layer thickness in the selective laser melting process is 40 μm, the laser power is 290w, the scanning speed is 1200mm/s, and the hatching interval is set to 120 μm.
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