CN111146802B - Source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for high-proportion new energy micro-grid - Google Patents
Source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for high-proportion new energy micro-grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111146802B CN111146802B CN201911350959.7A CN201911350959A CN111146802B CN 111146802 B CN111146802 B CN 111146802B CN 201911350959 A CN201911350959 A CN 201911350959A CN 111146802 B CN111146802 B CN 111146802B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
Abstract
The invention relates to a source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for a high-proportion new energy micro-grid, which comprises the following steps of: 1) determining a frequency control mode of each micro source participating in micro grid frequency modulation for a high-proportion new energy micro grid comprising a double-fed asynchronous fan, a diesel engine and a controllable load; 2) establishing a source-load cooperative participation microgrid frequency modulation control simulation model in the high-proportion new energy microgrid, and setting a strategy for participating in frequency modulation; 3) respectively calculating the economic benefits of source-load participation in frequency modulation under multiple time scales according to the simulation model, including the frequency modulation benefit B of the diesel engineGVirtual inertia frequency modulation benefit B of fanwindAnd controllable load frequency modulation benefit BloadAnd make the frequency modulation economic benefit SmaxAnd allocating frequency modulation capacity under the optimal condition. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the enthusiasm of the source load participating in auxiliary frequency modulation in the microgrid can be fully adjusted, the frequency modulation pressure of the high-proportion new energy microgrid is effectively reduced, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system frequency control, in particular to a source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for a high-proportion new energy micro-grid meter and with optimal economic benefit.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the new energy access proportion, large-scale new energy without frequency modulation capability is gradually merged into a power grid, wind power gradually replaces a traditional generator set, the inertia of the system is continuously reduced, the frequency modulation burden of the system is continuously increased, the frequency stability of the system is affected, troubles are brought to the stable operation of the power system, and the new energy power system is difficult to maintain to operate stably in frequency by only depending on an automatic adjusting system of a conventional generator set. A doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is used as a mainstream machine type of a wind driven generator, and because a wind turbine participates in auxiliary frequency modulation and needs to be reduced in load, economic loss of self power generation can be caused, corresponding compensation is given according to frequency modulation capacity provided by the wind turbine, the compensation is brought into frequency modulation auxiliary service, and the enthusiasm of wind power participating in frequency modulation is stimulated.
In addition to new energy sources such as wind and light, in recent years, scholars at home and abroad are also aware of the great potential of providing auxiliary services by controllable loads. The controllable load is controlled as an individual, and due to the small capacity and the dispersed regions, the direct control strategy is difficult to realize economy and high efficiency; and as a polymer, the power converter has the advantages of large quantity, sufficient capacity, stable power fluctuation and high response speed. How to reasonably control the system can be economically and efficiently regulated, and the method has important significance for stable operation of the system and promotion of source-load benign interaction.
Control methods for wind turbines participating in power grid frequency modulation at home and abroad mainly comprise three types: by releasing virtual inertia control of rotor kinetic energy, frequency micro-fluctuation can be adjusted rapidly, but the duration is short; overspeed control and pitch angle control with a certain spare capacity are reserved by fan unloading, although the response speed is slow, the fan can participate in frequency modulation for a long time; various combinations of control schemes can accommodate various different operating modes. The participation of the demand side in the power grid frequency modulation generally aims at controllable loads with low power supply requirements, such as temperature control loads of electric water heaters, refrigerators, air conditioners and the like, and the stability of the power grid frequency can be improved.
In the existing auxiliary frequency modulation methods, the conventional unit and demand side cooperative frequency modulation are only considered, the frequency modulation capability of a fan is not considered, and the method is not suitable for a micro-grid under the condition of high-proportion new energy; in some methods, only the frequency modulation effect of the system is considered, comprehensive consideration of frequency modulation benefits of a power supply side and a demand side is lacked, and the economic benefit of considering system frequency modulation is not optimal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for a high-proportion new energy micro-grid.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for a high-proportion new energy micro-grid comprises the following steps:
1) determining a frequency control mode of each micro source participating in micro grid frequency modulation for a high-proportion new energy micro grid comprising a double-fed asynchronous fan, a diesel engine and a controllable load;
2) establishing a source-load cooperative participation microgrid frequency modulation control simulation model in the high-proportion new energy microgrid, and setting a strategy for participating in frequency modulation;
3) respectively calculating the economic benefits of source-load participation in frequency modulation under multiple time scales according to the simulation model, including the frequency modulation benefit B of the diesel engineGVirtual inertia frequency modulation benefit B of fanwindAnd controllable load frequency modulation benefit BloadAnd obtaining economic benefits S of frequency modulationmaxAnd allocating frequency modulation capacity under the optimal condition.
In the step 1), the frequency control modes of each micro source participating in the frequency modulation of the microgrid are as follows:
the double-fed asynchronous fan adopts virtual inertia control and overspeed control to participate in system frequency modulation;
the controllable load participates in the frequency control of the system through the up-and-down fluctuation of the temperature control type load.
In the step 3), the strategy participating in frequency modulation specifically comprises:
the double-fed asynchronous fan and the diesel engine always preferentially participate in frequency modulation, and the controllable load participates in frequency modulation only when the frequency change rate is larger than a set value.
In the step 3), the frequency modulation benefit B of the virtual inertia of the fanwindThe calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
Ki＝1.0+(PT/PN-p％)·m
p％＝PMPPT·d％/PN
wherein, tonIs the start time of frequency modulation, toffFor the end of the frequency modulation, tnowFor frequency modulation recoveryEnd time, PwindFor adding the active power output of the fan after virtual inertia control and overspeed load shedding control, P0For fan output after frequency modulation is finished, CRCapacity electricity price for reserving frequency-modulated reserve capacity for fan overspeed load shedding, CDFor the market price of electricity, CBCompensation electricity price for fan participating in frequency modulation auxiliary service, KiIs the frequency modulation performance index, P, of the fanNRated output, P, of a wind turbineTFor the actual capacity adjustment of the wind turbine generator, P% is the ratio of the standby power to the rated power, d% is the load shedding rate of the fan, m is a set constant, PMPPTThe power is the power of the maximum power tracking of the fan.
In the step 3), the controllable load frequency modulation benefit BloadThe calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
wherein, tonIs the start time of frequency modulation, toffFor the end of the frequency modulation, Δ PloadFor the active power variation of the controlled load during frequency modulation, CLAnd participating in the compensation electricity price of the frequency modulation auxiliary service for the controllable load.
In the step 3), the diesel engine frequency modulation benefit BGIncluding diesel engine inertia frequency modulation benefit BifBenefit B of participating in primary frequency modulation with diesel enginepfThen, there are:
BG＝Bif+Bpf。
inertia frequency modulation benefit B of diesel engineifThe calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
Bif＝SIR·CG
SIR＝KE·(SIRF-15)·U
KE＝H·S
where SIR is the inertial response capacity of the diesel engine and H isConstant of inertia, S is the on-line capacity, KEFor storing kinetic energy, U is the off state of the diesel engine, the on state is equal to 1, the off state is equal to 0, SIRF is the time when the stored kinetic energy can be operated under the condition that the output force of the diesel engine is the lowest, GminDiesel engine power at minimum sustainable output, CGTo compensate for electricity prices.
In the step 3), the frequency modulation economic benefit S of the microgridmaxThe calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
Smax＝Bload+Bwind+BG。
the step 3) further comprises the following steps:
under the condition of strategy of participating in frequency modulation, the frequency modulation effect is evaluated by constructing a total frequency modulation evaluation index F, and the following steps are carried out:
F＝∑[0.4Δfmax+0.2(Δtf+Δtωr)+0.4ΔRoCoFmax]
wherein, Δ fmaxIs the maximum frequency deviation value, Δ tωrFor the speed recovery time, delta t, of the doubly-fed asynchronous fanfFor double-feed asynchronous fan frequency recovery time, Δ RoCoFmaxIs the maximum rate of change of frequency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention aims at the problem of heavy system frequency modulation burden under high-proportion new energy. The method comprises the steps that a source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for a high-proportion new energy microgrid and having optimal economic benefits is provided, a source-load cooperative participation microgrid frequency modulation control model in the high-proportion new energy microgrid is established, so that a fan and a diesel engine preferentially participate in frequency modulation, controllable loads participate in frequency modulation only when the frequency change rate is larger than a set value, and the frequency modulation satisfaction degree of a user is required to be ensured;
in addition, the method respectively calculates the benefits of the source load participating in the frequency modulation auxiliary service under multiple time scales, distributes the frequency modulation capacity under the condition of considering the optimal economic benefit, performs economic analysis on the source load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation control strategy on the basis, and calculates the frequency modulation benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a DFIG FM control model.
FIG. 2 is a graph of fan participation frequency modulated output.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of refrigeration load temperature regulation.
Fig. 4 is a frequency modulation curve of the controllable load participating microgrid.
Fig. 5 is a microgrid system model.
Fig. 6 is a flow of a wind-diesel-electric-load-participating microgrid frequency-modulation coordination strategy.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
The invention provides a source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency regulation method suitable for a high-proportion new energy microgrid and with optimal economic benefit, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, analyzing a frequency control method for each micro source participating in micro grid frequency modulation, wherein a diesel engine participates in system frequency control through inertia and primary frequency modulation; a double-fed asynchronous generator (DFIG) adopts virtual inertia control and overspeed control to participate in system frequency modulation; the controllable load participates in the frequency control of the system through the up-and-down fluctuation of the temperature control type load.
Step 2, establishing a source-load cooperative participation micro-grid frequency modulation control model in the high-proportion new energy micro-grid, and setting a frequency modulation strategy, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the installed capacity of the fan is larger than that of the diesel engine, so that the fan and the diesel engine preferentially participate in frequency modulation, the controllable load participates in frequency modulation only when the ROOF (frequency change rate) is larger than a set value, and the frequency modulation satisfaction of a user needs to be ensured, so that the frequency modulation capacity of the controllable load is limited.
And 3, respectively calculating benefits of the source load participating in the frequency modulation auxiliary service under multiple time scales, including diesel engine inertia frequency modulation benefit, primary frequency modulation benefit, fan virtual inertia frequency modulation benefit and controllable load frequency modulation benefit, and distributing frequency modulation capacity under the condition of considering the optimal economic benefit.
And 4, establishing a microgrid model containing a double-fed asynchronous fan (wind power permeability is 50 percent), a diesel engine and a controllable load by using MATLAB/Simulink software.
And 5, providing a total frequency modulation evaluation index, evaluating the frequency modulation effect after different frequency modulation methods are used, and verifying the effectiveness of the source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation control strategy.
And 6, carrying out economic analysis on the source load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation control strategy on the basis, calculating frequency modulation benefits, and proving that the frequency modulation strategy can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the source load participating in auxiliary frequency modulation in the microgrid and effectively reduce the frequency modulation pressure of the high-proportion new energy microgrid.
As shown in fig. 2, the virtual inertia frequency modulation benefit of the fan is frequency modulation benefit-frequency modulation cost-load shedding cost:
the fan frequency modulation performance index is as follows:
Ki＝1.0+(PT/PN-p％)·m (2)
in the formula: p% ═ PMPPT·d％/PN，PNRated output, P, of a wind turbineTThe capacity is actually adjusted for the wind turbine generator, P% is the ratio of the standby power to the rated power, d% is the load shedding rate of the fan, m is a set constant, and PMPPTFor the power at maximum power tracking of the fan, when PT＝p％·PNThe frequency modulation performance index is Ki1.0. The frequency modulation capability of the fan is evaluated by using the frequency modulation performance index, and the frequency modulation benefit obtained by the fan participating in auxiliary frequency modulation is adjusted according to the frequency modulation performance of the fan, so that the frequency modulation activity of the fan is stimulated.
The actual frequency modulation benefit of the fan considering the frequency modulation performance index is as follows:
in the formula, tonIs the start time of frequency modulation, toffFor the end of the frequency modulation, tnowFor the end of the frequency modulation recovery, PwindFor adding the active power output of the fan after virtual inertia control and overspeed load shedding control, P0For fan output after frequency modulation is finished, CRCapacity electricity price for reserving frequency-modulated reserve capacity for fan overspeed load shedding, CDFor the market price of electricity, CBCompensation electricity price for fan participating in frequency modulation auxiliary service, KiThe frequency modulation performance index of the fan is shown.
The frequency modulation curve of the load is shown in fig. 3, and the load frequency modulation benefit is as follows:
in the formula,. DELTA.PloadFor the active power variation of the controllable load during frequency modulation, BloadFor the frequency-modulated benefit of the controllable load, CLAnd participating in the compensation electricity price of the frequency modulation auxiliary service for the controllable load.
The inertia frequency modulation benefit of the diesel engine is as follows:
KE(MW·s)＝H(s)·S(MW) (5)
SIR＝KE·(SIRF-15)·U (7)
SIR is the capacity of the inertial response of a diesel engine in MW s2(ii) a H is an inertia constant with the unit of s; s is online capacity in MW, KEIs stored kinetic energy in units of MW · s; u is the shutdown state of the diesel engine, the starting state is U-1, and the shutdown state is U-0; SIRF is in units of s; gminIs the lowest sustainable diesel power output in MW. The capacity of the inertia response of the diesel engine can be calculated by the formula and multiplied by the corresponding compensation electricity price CGNamely, the inertia frequency modulation benefit is as follows:
Bif＝SIR·CG
the total frequency modulation benefit of the diesel engine is as follows:
BG＝Bif+Bpf (8)
in the formula, BifFrequency modulation gain obtained for diesel engine inertia participating in frequency modulation, BpfThe frequency modulation gain obtained by the diesel engine participating in the primary frequency modulation is obtained.
The source-load coordination participates in frequency modulation, and the frequency modulation strategy is shown in figure 6. The controllable load only participates in frequency modulation when the ROOF (frequency change rate) is larger than a set value, and the frequency modulation satisfaction of a user needs to be ensured, so that the frequency modulation capacity of the controllable load is limited. Frequency modulation economic benefit S according to microgridmaxMaximum capacity to obtain frequency modulation required for each part:
Smax＝Bload+Bwind+BG (9)
and providing a total frequency modulation evaluation index to evaluate the final frequency modulation effect of the system, and comparing the frequency modulation effects in different frequency modulation modes:
F＝∑[0.4Δfmax+0.2(Δtf+Δtωr)+0.4ΔRoCoFmax] (10)
wherein, Δ fmaxIs the maximum frequency deviation value, Δ tωrFor the speed recovery time, delta t, of the doubly-fed asynchronous fanfFor the frequency recovery time of a double-fed asynchronous fan, i.e. the time from a dynamic frequency extreme to a steady state value of the post-disturbance frequency, Δ RoCoFmaxFor maximum rate of frequency change, Δ RoCoFmaxAnd Δ fmaxThe smaller the value of (A), the better the frequency modulation effect.
The source charge is cooperatively participated in the auxiliary frequency modulation, the income of corresponding frequency modulation capability can be obtained in the frequency modulation auxiliary market, the enthusiasm of the source charge in the micro-grid for participating in the frequency modulation is stimulated, the wind power consumption capability in the grid is improved, and the frequency modulation strategy can also effectively reduce the frequency modulation pressure of the high-proportion new energy micro-grid.
Claims (3)
1. A source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for a high-proportion new energy micro-grid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining a frequency control mode of each micro source participating in micro grid frequency modulation for a high-proportion new energy micro grid comprising a double-fed asynchronous fan, a diesel engine and a controllable load;
2) establishing a source-load cooperative participation microgrid frequency modulation control simulation model in the high-proportion new energy microgrid, and setting a strategy for participating in frequency modulation;
3) respectively calculating the economic benefits of source-load participation in frequency modulation under multiple time scales according to the simulation model, including the frequency modulation benefit B of the diesel engineGVirtual inertia frequency modulation benefit B of fanwindAnd controllable load frequency modulation benefit BloadAnd make the frequency modulation economic benefit SmaxDistributing frequency modulation capacity and virtual inertia frequency modulation benefit B of fan under optimal conditionwindThe calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
Ki＝1.0+(PT/PN-p％)·m
p％＝PMPPT·d％/PN
wherein, tonIs the start time of frequency modulation, toffFor the end of the frequency modulation, tnowFor the end of the frequency modulation recovery, PwindFor adding the active power output of the fan after virtual inertia control and overspeed load shedding control, P0For fan output after frequency modulation is finished, CRCapacity electricity price for reserving frequency-modulated reserve capacity for fan overspeed load shedding, CDFor the market price of electricity, CBCompensation electricity price for fan participating in frequency modulation auxiliary service, KiIs the frequency modulation performance index, P, of the fanNRated output, P, of a wind turbineTFor the actual capacity adjustment of the wind turbine generator, P% is the ratio of the standby power to the rated power, d% is the load shedding rate of the fan, m is a set constant, PMPPTThe power is the power of the maximum power tracking of the fan;
controllable load frequency modulation benefit BloadThe calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
wherein, tonIs the start time of frequency modulation, toffFor the end of the frequency modulation, Δ PloadFor the active power variation of the controlled load during frequency modulation, CLThe controllable load participates in the compensation electricity price of the frequency modulation auxiliary service;
frequency modulation benefit B of diesel engineGIncluding diesel engine inertia frequency modulation benefit BifBenefit B of participating in primary frequency modulation with diesel enginepfThen, there are:
BG＝Bif+Bpf；
inertia frequency modulation benefit B of diesel engineifThe calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
Bif＝SIR·CG
SIR＝KE·(SIRF-15)·U
KE＝H·S
wherein SIR is the inertial response capacity of the diesel engine, H is the inertia constant, S is the on-line capacity, KEFor the stored kinetic energy, U is the off state of the diesel engine, the on state is taken as U-1, the off state is taken as U-0, SIRF is the time when the self-stored kinetic energy can be operated under the condition that the output force of the diesel engine is the lowest, GminDiesel engine power at minimum sustainable output, CGTo compensate for electricity prices;
frequency modulation economic benefit S of micro-gridmaxThe calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
Smax＝Bload+Bwind+BG；
the step 3) further comprises the following steps:
under the condition of strategy of participating in frequency modulation, the frequency modulation effect is evaluated by constructing a total frequency modulation evaluation index F, and the following steps are carried out:
F＝∑[0.4Δfmax+0.2(Δtf+Δtωr)+0.4ΔRoCoFmax]
wherein, Δ fmaxIs the maximum frequency deviation value, Δ tωrFor the speed recovery time, delta t, of the doubly-fed asynchronous fanfFor doubly-fed asynchronous fan frequency recovery time, Δ RoCoFmaxIs the maximum rate of change of frequency.
2. The source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for the high-proportion new energy microgrid according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 1), the frequency control modes of the micro sources participating in the microgrid frequency modulation are as follows:
the double-fed asynchronous fan adopts virtual inertia control and overspeed control to participate in system frequency modulation;
the controllable load participates in the frequency control of the system through the up-and-down fluctuation of the temperature control type load.
3. The source-load cooperative auxiliary frequency modulation method suitable for the high-proportion new energy micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the strategy for participating in frequency modulation is specifically as follows:
the double-fed asynchronous fan and the diesel engine always preferentially participate in frequency modulation, and the controllable load participates in frequency modulation only when the frequency change rate is larger than a set value.
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| WO2012178056A3 (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-03-07 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Scalable single-stage differential power converter |
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| CN109301863A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-01 | 上海电力学院 | Low wind speed distributing wind-powered electricity generation micro-capacitance sensor frequency modulation method based on deepness belief network |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2012178056A3 (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-03-07 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Scalable single-stage differential power converter |
| CN108521135A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-11 | 上海电力学院 | Wind bavin lotus suitable for high permeability regenerative resource micro-capacitance sensor coordinates frequency modulation method |
| CN108599201A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-09-28 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of large capacity off-network type micro-capacitance sensor mixing frequency modulation method |
| CN109301863A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-01 | 上海电力学院 | Low wind speed distributing wind-powered electricity generation micro-capacitance sensor frequency modulation method based on deepness belief network |
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