CN115473238B - Wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference - Google Patents

Wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference Download PDF

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CN115473238B
CN115473238B CN202211178903.XA CN202211178903A CN115473238B CN 115473238 B CN115473238 B CN 115473238B CN 202211178903 A CN202211178903 A CN 202211178903A CN 115473238 B CN115473238 B CN 115473238B
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wind
frequency modulation
doubly
fed
power
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CN115473238A (en
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秦超
孟令聪
曾沅
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Tianjin University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy power generation, in particular to a wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference, which comprises the steps of 1, constructing an available frequency modulation capacity calculation model of a doubly-fed wind turbine according to the wind energy capturing process of the wind turbine and considering the rotation speed limit of safe operation of the wind turbine; 2. calculating the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the fan under different wind speeds and different rotating speeds; 3. the wind power plant control center obtains wind speeds of different fans, calculates the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of each fan respectively, and sets the load shedding standby power of the different fans according to the frequency modulation capacity requirement of a power grid on the wind power plant and the maximum available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units; 4. according to the scheme for distributing the load-shedding standby power of the wind farm, calculating the rotating speed reference of each fan, and sending the rotating speed reference to a fan control system, and reserving the load-shedding standby power distributed in the step 3. The method only needs to control part of fans while meeting the available frequency modulation capacity, and simplifies the complexity of a control system.

Description

Wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference, and belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation.
Background
In the field of new energy power generation, large-scale new energy grid connection can bring huge pressure to active standby and frequency adjustment of a system due to strong fluctuation. The new energy participates in the frequency modulation of the power system, so that the frequency stability of the system can be enhanced, the active standby capacity of the system synchronous machine can be reduced, and the new energy acceptance of the system can be improved. Considering the influence of wake flow and topography in a wind power plant, the wind speeds of the areas where the fans are located are different, and the reserve capacity reservation conditions are different, namely the reserve conditions of the available frequency modulation capacity are different. For the wind power plant, the wind power plant is provided with all fans which participate in load shedding, so that the wind power utilization efficiency is reduced, the control complexity is increased, and the available frequency modulation capacity model is constructed by combining the external wind speed and the self rotating speed, and the frequency modulation resources of the wind power plant are coordinated according to the available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units.
The invention discloses a wind farm participation system coordination method with differentiated real-time frequency modulation capability of a fan, which dynamically classifies the wind farms according to real-time wind speed, rotation speed and unit control information, realizes different types of power supply frequency modulation priority through the cooperation of multi-type frequency modulation control frequency setting values, classifies different wind turbines on a system level, but does not analyze available frequency modulation capacity of different types, and can not provide a basis for wind farms to evaluate the available frequency modulation capacity and formulate a coordination control strategy.
Chinese patent CN111211582B discloses a comprehensive frequency modulation method for a power grid based on frequency modulation capability of a doubly fed wind turbine in a wind farm, and the invention proposes a concept of volume of wind, and measures the frequency modulation capability of each DFIG device in the wind farm by using the concept. Under the condition that the frequency deviation of the power grid is smaller than 0.2Hz, only the DFIG fan with the largest volume is adopted to carry out independent frequency modulation, so that the frequency deviation is eliminated faster, and the real-time frequency error of the power system is ensured to be within 0.2 Hz; the invention can measure the frequency modulation capability of different fans according to the capacity fans, but the frequency modulation capability of the fans not only depends on wind speed, but also has relation with the rotating speed of the fans, and can not specifically measure the frequency modulation capability of different wind speed units on a three-dimensional level.
The invention aims to quantitatively evaluate the frequency modulation capacity of a fan based on the wind field layer, and can effectively establish the connection between the active control capacity of the fan layer and the system dispatching layer. The invention only considers the coordination of wind farm levels, but the internal control of the fan is not improved.
Chinese patent CN113036779B discloses a method and a system for setting time-varying frequency modulation parameters of wind power participating in power grid frequency modulation, which take mechanical power load shedding energy caused by fan operating point deviation into consideration, and quantitatively analyze corresponding available rotor kinetic energy under different rotational speed partitions of a fan; and calculating equivalent time-varying frequency modulation parameters according to the energy linkage distribution model. The method only considers the setting method of the frequency modulation coefficient of the control layer in the unit, but does not consider the wind speed difference among different units for the whole wind power plant, and coordinates different wind speed units to participate in frequency modulation.
The invention provides a dynamic regulation algorithm aiming at a fan inherent control link based on a fuzzy logic algorithm, and realizes a frequency modulation control strategy of the cooperation of a fan operating point, fan inherent control and frequency modulation control link parameters. The invention realizes the frequency modulation coefficient self-adaption on the control layer inside the wind turbine generator set by utilizing the fuzzy control, but does not consider the available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind turbine generator sets, and coordinates wind power plant frequency modulation resources according to the available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind turbine generator sets.
The prior art is mainly directed to active control capability of wind farms or research on frequency modulation control in maximum power tracking mode (maximum power point tracking, MPPT). However, considering the difference of load shedding spare capacities of different wind speed units, few researches exist on a control scheme for coordinating wind power plant frequency modulation resources. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for controlling the wind power plant frequency modulation reserve coordination control aim at researching the wind power plant frequency modulation reserve coordination control problem considering the wind speed difference, build the doubly-fed wind machine available frequency modulation capacity model, analyze the available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units, facilitate the wind power plant to rapidly evaluate the available frequency modulation capacity, and provide a basis for formulating a load shedding reserve strategy for the wind power plant. Meanwhile, considering the influence of wake flow and topography in a wind power plant, the wind speeds of the areas where the fans are located are different, and the load shedding spare capacities are different, namely the available frequency modulation capacities are different. Therefore, the invention discloses a wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference, which coordinates wind farm frequency modulation resources according to available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units, and only needs to control part of fans when the standby capacity is met, so that the complexity of a control system is simplified.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference, an available frequency modulation capacity model of a doubly-fed wind turbine is constructed, the available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units is analyzed, the wind farm can evaluate the available frequency modulation capacity quickly, in addition, the method coordinates wind farm frequency modulation resources according to the available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units, only part of wind turbines are usually required to be controlled while the standby capacity is met, and the complexity of a control system is simplified.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference, comprising the following steps:
step 1, according to the wind energy capturing process of a wind turbine, the rotation speed limit of safe operation of the wind turbine is considered, and an available frequency modulation capacity calculation model of the doubly-fed wind turbine is constructed;
step 2, calculating the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the fan under different wind speeds and different rotating speeds;
step 3, the wind speed of different fans is obtained by a wind power plant control center, the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of each fan is calculated respectively, and the load reduction standby power of the different fans is set according to the frequency modulation capacity requirement of a power grid on the wind power plant and the maximum available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units;
and 4, calculating the rotating speed reference of each fan according to the scheme for distributing the load-shedding standby power of the wind farm, and sending the rotating speed reference to a fan control system, and reserving the load-shedding standby power distributed in the step 3.
Further, in the step 1, an available frequency modulation capacity calculation model of the doubly-fed wind turbine is constructed as follows:
wind energy captured by the wind turbine is converted into electric power according to a certain utilization efficiency, and under the condition of adopting a rotating speed load shedding control strategy, the load shedding is controlled without considering the pitch angle, namelyβ=0, coefficient of wind energy utilizationC p (λ,β) Is the tip speed ratioλAnd because of the function ofTherefore, it isC p (λ,β) Is a function of rotational speed and wind speed, calculated by equation (1):
（1）
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,Ris the radius of the blade of the fan,vin order to input the wind speed,C p (λ,β) Is the wind energy utilization coefficient of the fan,λfor the tip speed ratio,βis the pitch angle of the fan,ω w the mechanical rotation speed of the fan;
at wind speed ofvWhen the fan rotates at the speed ofω w When the output power of the fan is calculated by the formula (2):
（2）
the rotational speed of the fan is deviated from a maximum power tracking point by carrying out rotational speed load shedding control on the fan, the difference value between the power corresponding to the maximum power tracking point of the fan and the actual output power of the fan is the available frequency modulation capacity of the fan, and the method is calculated by the following formula (3):
（3）
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,C p max for maximum wind energy utilization coefficient, deltaPReserved available fm capacity for speed derate control.
Further, the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the fan in the step 2 is:
considering the constraint of the rotating speed control range of the doubly-fed wind machine, under different wind speeds, the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the DFIG can be obtained through the rotating speed bidirectional load shedding controlDifferent; for safety reasons, the allowable range of the rotating speed of the fan is 0.8-1.2p.u.;
defining maximum overspeed derate powerIs the difference between the power corresponding to the maximum power point and the output power of the fan when the rotating speed is 1.2p.u. and is communicated withCalculating by the formula (4); defining maximum low-speed derating power +.>Calculating the difference between the power corresponding to the Maximum Power Point (MPPT) and the output power of the fan when the rotating speed is 0.8p.u. through (5); maximum available frequency modulation capacity of fansIs->And->The maximum value of (2) is calculated by the formula (6);
（4）
（5）
（6）。
further, the specific method of the step 3 is as follows:
3-1) acquiring wind speeds of all fans of a wind power plant, and grouping all fans according to the low wind speeds in a sequencing manner;
3-2) calculating the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of each fan by adopting the method of the step 2，/>Is the firstiMaximum available frequency modulation capacity of desk fanThe amount can be calculated from (4) - (6);
3-3) coordinating wind power plant frequency modulation resources according to the wind speed difference;
when the system does not need to bear the frequency modulation standby capacity, the wind farm operates in an MPPT mode, and when the system issues scheduling load shedding standby powerP d When the load shedding power of the wind power plant is distributed as shown in (7):
（7）
n 1 the determined number of the units participating in the load shedding standby control is calculated according to the current wind power plant wind speed distribution condition and wind power plant frequency modulation standby capacity requirement,nis the total number of fans of the wind power plant in operation; deltaP iD, Scheduling derated standby power for system deliveryP d And when the wind speed units are in the same power, the wind speed units are distributed with different load shedding powers.
Further, the specific method in the step 4 is as follows:
for the front partn 1 -1 unit, each allocated power ofThe rotating speed of each fan is referred to as the maximum rotating speed or the minimum rotating speed;
for the firstn 1 A machine set using the firstn 1 And (3) distributing power of the station unit, and obtaining a rotating speed reference through reverse lookup of the available frequency modulation capacity model in the step (2).
Further, frontn 1 -1 unit for the firstiA bench set, a bench set and a bench set,i<n 1 if (if)Then->If->Then->Wherein->The reference value is the rotation speed of the ith fan.
Further, frontn 1 -1 units, when the wind speed is 8m/s-9m/s,wherein->The rotation speed of the ith fan is referred.
When the wind speed is within 8-9 m/s, the maximum load shedding power of the two strategies is not greatly different, and the condition that under the overspeed load shedding strategy, when the sudden load shedding disturbance occurs to the system is considered, the rotating speed of the fan is reduced, on the one hand, more wind power is captured, on the other hand, part of kinetic energy is released in the process of reducing the rotating speed of the fan, the system power shortage is relieved more favorably, and the frequency characteristic of the system is improved, so that the overspeed load shedding is adopted preferentially, and the system is subjected to the following conditions。
Further, for the firstn 1 The unit firstly obtains the first step in the step 3n 1 Distribution power of station set，i=n 1 Z= = -in the available fm capacity model in step 2>Each point on the intersection of the plane with the available FM capacity model corresponds to a different wind speed and a different rotational speed, and the search for the plane containing the firstn 1 Table set fanThe intersection point of the speeds is the firstn 1 And (5) referring to the rotating speed of the bench set.
To sum up, for the frontn 1 -1 unit, only the rotation speed is limited to the maximum rotation speed or the minimum rotation speed, so that only the first rotation speed is neededn 1 The table set performs table lookup to determine the rotation speed reference, thereby simplifying the complexity of the control system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
first, the prior art is mainly directed to active control capability of wind farms, or to frequency modulation control in maximum power tracking mode (maximum power point tracking, MPPT). However, considering the difference of load shedding spare capacities of different wind speed units, few researches exist on a control scheme for coordinating wind power plant frequency modulation resources. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for controlling the wind power plant frequency modulation reserve coordination control aim at researching the wind power plant frequency modulation reserve coordination control problem considering the wind speed difference, build the doubly-fed wind machine available frequency modulation capacity model, analyze the available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units, facilitate the wind power plant to rapidly evaluate the available frequency modulation capacity, and provide a basis for formulating a load shedding reserve strategy for the wind power plant.
Meanwhile, considering the influence of wake flow and topography in a wind power plant, the wind speeds of the areas where the fans are located are different, and the load shedding spare capacities are different, namely the available frequency modulation capacities are different. Therefore, the invention discloses a wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference. According to the method, wind farm frequency modulation resources are coordinated according to the available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units, and only part of fans are usually required to be controlled while the standby capacity is met, so that the complexity of a control system is simplified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-way load shedding control strategy for a vehicle in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is an available tuning capacity of a doubly-fed wind machine in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the maximum available FM capacity difference for different wind turbine groups according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a strategy for a wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method taking the difference of wind speeds into consideration in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is the first embodiment of FIG. 4n 1 A fan load shedding control strategy map;
FIG. 6 is a wiring diagram of a 4-machine 2 area system in an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a validation 1 wind farm reserve (low wind speed) in an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a validation 2 wind farm reserve (high wind speed) in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following describes the present invention in detail. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, so that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Step 1, according to the wind energy capturing process of the wind turbine, considering the rotation speed limit of the safe operation of the wind turbine, constructing an available frequency modulation capacity calculation model of the doubly-fed wind turbine as follows:
wind energy captured by the wind turbine is converted into electric power according to a certain utilization efficiency, and the rotation speed load shedding control strategy is adopted, so that the rotation speed load shedding control is shown in figure 1. Control of load shedding irrespective of pitch angle, i.e.Coefficient of wind energy utilizationIs the tip speed ratioλAnd because of->Therefore->Is a function of rotational speed and wind speed, and can be calculated by equation (1).
（1）
Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,Ris the radius of the blade of the fan,vin order to input the wind speed,C p (λ,β) Is the wind energy utilization coefficient of the fan,λfor the tip speed ratio,βis the pitch angle of the fan,ω w the mechanical rotation speed of the fan;
at wind speed ofvWhen the fan rotates at the speed ofω w When the output power of the fan is calculated by the formula (2):
（2）
the rotational speed of the fan is deviated from a maximum power tracking point by carrying out rotational speed load shedding control on the fan, the difference value between the power corresponding to the maximum power tracking point of the fan and the actual output power of the fan is the available frequency modulation capacity of the fan, and the method is calculated by the following formula (3):
（3）
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,C p max for maximum wind energy utilization coefficient, deltaPReserved available fm capacity for speed derate control.
Step 2, calculating the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the fan under different wind speeds and different rotating speeds, wherein the maximum available frequency modulation capacity is as follows:
according to the formula (3) in the step 1, the available frequency modulation capacity model with different wind speeds and different rotating speeds can be calculated as shown in the figure 2.
Considering the constraint of the rotating speed control range of the doubly-fed wind machine, under different wind speeds, the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the DFIG can be obtained through the rotating speed bidirectional load shedding controlDifferent. Rotation of fans for safety reasonsThe speed allowance range is generally 0.8-1.2p.u.. Define maximum overspeed load shedding power +>The difference between the power corresponding to the Maximum Power Point (MPPT) and the output power of the fan when the rotating speed is 1.2p.u. can be calculated by the formula (4); defining maximum low-speed derating power +.>The difference between the MPPT power and the fan output power at the rotating speed of 0.8p.u. can be calculated through (5). Maximum available frequency modulation capacity of fan>Is->Andcan be calculated by the formula (6).
（4）
（5）
（6）
The maximum available frequency modulation capacity difference for different wind turbine sets is shown in FIG. 3 according to equations (4) - (6). At low wind speeds, due toThe (rotational speed at the MPPT point) is near the minimum safe rotational speed of 0.8p.u., does not have the low-speed load shedding capability, and is the maximum low speedThe load shedding power is 0; at higher wind speeds, due to +.>Near the maximum rotation speed of 1.2p.u., without overspeed load shedding capability, the maximum overspeed load shedding power is 0, the difference between the two is a process of decreasing before increasing, and the load shedding capability is not provided>An upper envelope is formed for both.
Step 3, the wind speed of different fans is obtained by a wind farm control center, the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of each fan is calculated respectively, and the load shedding standby power of the different fans is set according to the frequency modulation capacity requirement of a power grid on the wind farm and the maximum available frequency modulation capacity difference of different wind speed units, wherein the load shedding standby power is as follows:
1) The wind speed of each fan of the wind power plant is obtained, and all fans are grouped according to the low wind speed to high wind speed.
2) Calculating the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of each fan。/>Is the firstiThe maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the table fan can be calculated from (4) - (6).
3) And coordinating wind farm frequency modulation resources according to the wind speed difference.
When the system does not need to bear the frequency modulation standby capacity, the wind farm generally operates in an MPPT mode, and when the system issues scheduling load shedding standby powerP d When the method is used, the flow chart of the method is shown in fig. 4, and the load shedding power distribution of the wind power plant is shown in (7):
（7）
n 1 according to the current wind power plant wind speed distribution conditionThe condition and the frequency modulation standby capacity requirement of the wind power plant are calculated and determined to participate in the number of the units for the load shedding standby control,nis the total number of fans in operation of the wind farm.
At G 2 The generator is parallelly operated with a wind farm with the installed capacity of 300MW, and a total of 150 2MW DFIGs. The 150 fans can be divided into 5 groups according to the difference of wind speed distribution in the wind power plant, the wind speeds of the fans in each group are the same, and the wind speeds of the fans in different groups are different. According to the real-time wind speed distribution condition of the wind farm, the number of fans of each group of fans is 30, 45, 30 and 15 respectively.
Under the condition of low wind speed, the power grid issues 10MW load-shedding standby power demands for the wind power plant;
at high wind speeds, the grid delivers a 20MW off-load standby power demand to the wind farm.
According to FIG. 3, different load shedding strategies are formulated for different wind speed units, and under the condition of low wind speed: the low wind speed unit adopts an overspeed load shedding strategy, so that enough frequency modulation capacity can be provided, and the low wind speed unit is subjected to load shedding preferentially. Under the condition of high wind speed: if all low wind speed groups are unloaded to the maximum, the unloading standby requirement of the wind farm is still not met, and part of high wind speed fans are required to adopt a low speed unloading strategy to provide standby. The available frequency modulation capacity data of different wind speed units are shown in tables 1 and 2 respectively.
According to tables 1 and 2, the situation that reserve capacity is reserved under the condition of low wind speed and the condition of high wind speed is simulated, and the load shedding process of the wind farm is shown in fig. 7 and 8.
Table 1 fan load shedding power distribution (Low wind speed)
Table 2 fan load shedding power distribution (high wind speed)
Step 4, calculating the rotating speed reference of each fan according to the scheme for distributing the load-shedding standby power of the wind farm, and issuing the rotating speed reference to a fan control system, wherein the load-shedding standby power distributed in the reserved step 3 is as follows:
for the front partUnits each of which is assigned power ∈ ->The rotational speed is limited to only the maximum rotational speed or the minimum rotational speed. Specifically, for the firstiBench set @i<n 1 ) If->Then->If->Then->. However, when the wind speed is within 8-9 m/s, the maximum load shedding power of the 2 strategies is not different, and when the load sudden increase disturbance of the system occurs under the consideration of adopting the overspeed load shedding strategy, the rotating speed of the fan is reduced, so that more wind power is captured on one hand, and on the other hand, part of kinetic energy is released in the process of reducing the rotating speed of the fan, thereby being more beneficial to relieving the power shortage of the system and improving the frequency characteristic of the system. Therefore, the overspeed load shedding is preferentially adopted, then +.>。
First, then 1 Distribution power of station setMay not be +.>In order to set the rotation speed reference, the rotation speed reference is obtained by reversely looking up the available frequency modulation capacity model in the step 2. First, get the third step in step 3n 1 Distribution power of station set（i=n 1 ) Z= = -in the available fm capacity model in step 2>Each point on the intersection of the plane with the available FM capacity model corresponds to a different wind speed and a different rotational speed, and the search for the plane containing the firstn 1 The intersection point of the wind speed of the platform unit isn 1 And (5) referring to the rotating speed of the bench set. To sum up, for the frontn 1 -1 unit, only the rotation speed is limited to the maximum rotation speed or the minimum rotation speed, so that only the first rotation speed is neededn 1 The table set performs table lookup to determine the rotation speed reference, thereby simplifying the complexity of the control system.
First, then 1 The de-load control strategy for the table fan is shown in fig. 5, wherein,T m 、T e the mechanical torque and the electromagnetic torque of the DFIG respectively,Din order to be a damping coefficient,H w is the time constant of inertia, which is the time constant of inertia,T ref as a reference to the electromagnetic torque,is the rotational speed reference in MPPT mode, and can be fitted by a polynomial function of power, such as +.>As shown in the drawing,a、b、cis the fitting coefficient. A selection switch is added in a rotating speed reference link, so that the fan can change the reference rotating speed which is +.>Can be determined by combining an available frequency modulation capacity model with a wind speed table lookup, and avoids complex solving of non-problemsAnd (5) a linear equation. The DFIG adopts a double closed loop design, the outer loop is an active power outer loop and a reactive power outer loop, and the inner loop is a current inner loop. The invention obtains the reference power according to the reference rotating speedP ref And the converter link is controlled, so that the connection between the wind turbine and the generator is realized.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and in order to simplify the description, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not exhaustive, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, according to the wind energy capturing process of a wind turbine, the rotation speed limit of safe operation of a doubly-fed wind turbine is considered, and an available frequency modulation capacity calculation model of the doubly-fed wind turbine is constructed;
step 2, calculating the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the doubly-fed wind machine under different wind speeds and different rotating speeds;
step 3, the wind speed of different doubly-fed fans is obtained by a wind power plant control center, the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of each doubly-fed fan is calculated respectively, and the load shedding standby power of the different doubly-fed fans is set according to the frequency modulation capacity requirement of a power grid on the wind power plant and the maximum available frequency modulation capacity difference of the doubly-fed fans with different wind speeds;
step 4, calculating the rotating speed reference of each doubly-fed wind turbine according to the scheme for distributing the load-shedding standby power of the wind power plant, and sending the rotating speed reference to a doubly-fed wind turbine control system, and reserving the load-shedding standby power distributed in the step 3;
the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the doubly-fed wind turbine in the step 2 is as follows:
rotational speed control in consideration of doubly-fed fansRange constraint, the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the doubly-fed wind turbine can be obtained through the rotational speed bidirectional load shedding control under different wind speedsDifferent; for safety reasons, the allowable range of the rotating speed of the doubly-fed wind turbine is 0.8-1.2p.u.;
defining maximum overspeed derate powerCalculating the difference between the power corresponding to the maximum power tracking point and the output power of the doubly-fed fan when the rotating speed is 1.2p.u. through a formula (4); defining maximum low-speed derating power +.>Calculating the difference between the power corresponding to the maximum power tracking point and the output power of the doubly-fed fan when the rotating speed is 0.8p.u. through (5); maximum available frequency modulation capacity of doubly-fed wind machine>Is->And->The maximum value of (2) is calculated by the formula (6);
r is the radius of the blade of the doubly-fed wind machine, v is the wind speed, C p The wind energy utilization coefficient of the doubly-fed wind machine, C pmax Is the maximum wind energy utilization coefficient.
2. The wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference according to claim 1, wherein the available frequency modulation capacity calculation model of the doubly-fed wind turbine is constructed in the step 1 as follows:
the wind energy captured by the wind turbine converts mechanical power into electric power according to a certain utilization efficiency, and under the condition of adopting a rotating speed load shedding control strategy, the load shedding is controlled regardless of the pitch angle, namely beta=0, and the wind energy utilization coefficient C p (lambda, beta) is a function of tip speed ratio lambda, again becauseSo C is p (lambda, beta) is the rotational speed omega w And wind speed v, calculated by equation (1):
wherein lambda is the tip speed ratio, beta is the pitch angle of the doubly-fed wind turbine, omega w Is the rotation speed;
at a wind speed v, the rotational speed ω is w When the output power of the doubly-fed fan is calculated by the formula (2):
the rotating speed is deviated from the maximum power tracking point by implementing rotating speed load shedding control on the doubly-fed fan, and the difference value between the power corresponding to the maximum power tracking point of the doubly-fed fan and the actual output power of the doubly-fed fan is the available frequency modulation capacity of the doubly-fed fan, and the method is calculated by the following formula (3):
wherein C is pmax For maximum wind energy utilization coefficient, Δp is the available modulation capacity reserved for speed derating control.
3. The wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the step 3 is as follows:
3-1) acquiring wind speeds of all doubly-fed fans of the wind power plant, and grouping all the doubly-fed fans according to the low wind speeds in a sequencing manner;
3-2) calculating the maximum available frequency modulation capacity of each doubly-fed wind turbine by adopting the method of the step 2The maximum available frequency modulation capacity of the ith doubly-fed fan;
3-3) coordinating wind power plant frequency modulation resources according to the wind speed difference;
when the frequency modulation standby capacity is not needed to be born, the wind farm operates in a maximum power tracking mode, and when the system issues the scheduling load shedding standby power P d When the load shedding power distribution of the wind power plant is as shown in the formula (7):
n 1 the number of doubly-fed fans participating in load shedding standby control is calculated and determined according to the current wind power plant wind speed distribution condition and wind power plant frequency modulation standby capacity demand, and n is the total number of doubly-fed fans in running of the wind power plant; ΔP D,i Scheduling derated standby power P for system delivery d And when the wind speed is different, the load shedding power distributed by the doubly-fed fans is different.
4. The wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference according to claim 3, wherein the specific method of the step 4 is as follows:
for the first n 1 -1 doubly-fed wind machine, each distributed load shedding power beingi<n 1 The rotating speed of each doubly-fed fan is referred to as the maximum rotating speed or the minimum rotating speed;
for the nth 1 A table double-fed fan using the nth 1 And (3) the load shedding power distributed by the doubly-fed fan is subjected to reverse lookup through the available frequency modulation capacity model in the step (1) to obtain a rotating speed reference.
5. The wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference according to claim 4, wherein the first n is 1 Of the 1 st doubly-fed fans, i for the i-th doubly-fed fan<n 1 If (if)Omega then ref，i =1.2p.u., if +.>Omega then ref，i =0.8p.u., where v ref，i And the reference is the rotating speed of the ith double-fed fan.
6. The wind farm frequency modulation standby coordination control method considering wind speed difference according to claim 4, wherein the first n is 1 In the 1 doubly-fed fans, omega is found when the wind speed is 8-9 m/s ref，i =1.2p.u., where ω ref，i And the reference is the rotating speed of the ith double-fed fan.
7. The coordinated control method for wind farm frequency modulation backup taking into account wind speed differences according to claim 4, wherein for the nth 1 The table double-fed fan is firstly obtained in the step 3 1 Distributed load shedding power deltap of double-fed fans D，i ，i＝n 1 The available fm capacity model in step 2Middle z=Δp D，i Each point on the intersection of the plane with the available FM capacity model corresponds to a different wind speed and a different rotational speed, and the search for the plane containing the nth 1 The intersection point of the wind speeds of the doubly-fed fans is the nth 1 And (5) referring to the rotating speed of the double-fed fan.
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