CN110783965B - Micro-source power coordination method suitable for micro-grid with MMC half-bridge series structure - Google Patents
Micro-source power coordination method suitable for micro-grid with MMC half-bridge series structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The micro-source power coordination method is suitable for the micro-grid with the MMC half-bridge series structure, the random micro-source output power of the system is sampled, and the low-frequency component of the output power of the system is extracted by adopting variational modal decomposition in combination with the voltage fluctuation standard and is used as the effective output power of each micro-source. And adjusting the variable carrier equivalent duty ratio of each power generation unit according to the power magnitude to realize independent control of output power. The method realizes the self-adaptive coordination control of the output power of each micro source of a bridge arm of the system, does not cause the circulation change of the system, and ensures the stability of the output voltage and frequency of the system. According to the invention, the effective output power of the micro-sources is extracted by adopting variational modal decomposition, and according to the sequencing result of the effective output power of each micro-source, the power self-adaptive coordination control is realized by independently adjusting the variable carrier equivalent duty ratio of the power generation unit where the micro-sources are located, so that the utilization rate of renewable energy sources is improved, and the stable operation of the system is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for coordinately controlling output power of each micro-source of a bridge arm of a Modular Multilevel Converter half-bridge series structure micro-grid (MMC-MG), in particular to a method for coordinately controlling power self-adaptation among each micro-source of an MMC-MG bridge arm under an island operation condition.
Background
The island operation microgrid needs to maintain power balance through a reasonable micro-source coordination control strategy so as to ensure that the voltage and the frequency of a system are stable. The existing micro-source coordination and coordination modes mainly comprise 3 types of master-slave control, distributed control based on multiple agents and peer-to-peer control. Due to the particularity of the serial structure of the bridge arm power generation units of the MMC-MG, the existing micro-grid micro-source coordination control method is not suitable for the system.
In an energy storage system based on an MMC topology, balance control needs to be performed according to the state of charge (SOC) of each energy storage unit so as to fully utilize energy storage capacity. At present, a commonly used method is to realize the balance and consistency of the SOC among the battery packs by adjusting the modulation depth of each submodule. The method is applied to an MMC-MG system, the micro-source power regulation range is limited by the constraint condition of the modulation ratio, the regulation capability is limited, and the utilization rate of renewable energy sources is not high. Therefore, the research on the micro-source power coordination control method suitable for the MMC-MG is significant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a micro-source power coordination method suitable for an MMC half-bridge series-structure micro-grid.
The invention relates to a micro-source power coordination method suitable for an MMC half-bridge series-structure micro-grid, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And in each sampling period, calculating to obtain the original output power of N micro sources of each bridge arm according to the voltage and current sampling result of the micro source converter in each bridge arm power generation unit GM. The three-phase system comprises 6N original power data, which are sequentially marked as P JXi [J∈(P；N)；X∈(A；B；C)；i＝1，2，···N)]；
(2) Judging the original output power of the 6N micro-sources obtained in the step (1) according to a voltage fluctuation standard, and directly taking the original output power as effective output power if the original output power meets the standard; otherwise, VMD decomposition is carried out, the decomposed low-frequency component is taken as the effective output power of the micro-source and is marked as P JGXi ；
(3) Adopting same-direction carrier wave stacking (PD-SPWM) modulation to divide N carriers into N/2 positive half-period carriers and N/2 negative half-period carriers which are sequentially marked as PP j ，PN j (j =1,2, · · N/2). And fixing each micro source corresponding to N carriers to obtain the initial output power of different carriers corresponding to GM. Alternating positive and negative half cycle carrier PP with 1/2 power frequency cycle as cycle j ，PN j Obtaining N/2 GM output power regulation intervals, wherein the maximum output power is P max GM output minimum Power is P min ；
(4) And (4) judging the interval of the effective output power of each micro source by combining the power interval table obtained in the step (3), and sequencing the power. And if the power interval is exceeded, correcting the output power value and then sequencing.
(5) Carrying out carrier allocation according to the power sequencing result obtained in the step (4), and according to the original output power P of the micro-source obtained in the step (1) and the step (2) JXi And micro-source effective output power P JGXi Calculating to obtain the power reference coefficient delta P of each micro source JXi And power output coefficient Δ P JGXi (ii) a Among them, PP is used for allocating carrier j And PN j Are divided into a group, and the corresponding generating units are sequentially marked as GM i ，GM i+1 (ii) a The original output power of the micro-source is sequentially marked as P JXi ，P JX(i+1) The effective output power of the micro-source is sequentially marked as P JGXi ，P JGX(i+1) ；
(6) The power reference coefficient delta P obtained in the step (5) is used JXi And power output coefficient Δ P JGXi Obtaining the carrier equivalent duty ratio D of the power generation unit through the PI controller by taking the difference JXi Then sending it into PWM modulation module to obtain GM i The variable carrier control signal of (2); power generation unit GM with carrier group i And GM i+1 The variable carrier control signals are complementary.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: when variable carrier laminated modulation is adopted, the adjusting range of GM output power is larger than that of carrier phase-shifting modulation, the circulation of the system is small, and overmodulation does not exist; the adaptive variable carrier laminated modulation can realize the output power coordination control of each micro source of a bridge arm of the system, and improve the utilization rate of the micro sources.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a 4-micro-source MMC-MG per bridge arm according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a micro-source power coordination method applicable to an MMC half-bridge series structure micro-grid according to the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent duty cycle adjustment of a micro-source carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a variable carrier cascade modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 is a diagram of a variation of original output power of a fan and a photovoltaic micro-source, fig. 6 is a diagram of a low-frequency component of the original output power of the fan and the photovoltaic micro-source after VMD decomposition, and fig. 7 is a diagram of adaptive adjustment of GM output power corresponding to each micro-source.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a power self-adaptive coordination control method for N micro-sources of each bridge arm when a three-phase MMC-MG system is in an island operation, which extracts the effective output power of the micro-sources by adopting Variable Mode Decomposition (VMD), realizes the power self-adaptive coordination control by independently adjusting the variable carrier equivalent duty ratio of a power generation unit where the micro-sources are positioned according to the sequencing result of the effective output power of each micro-source, improves the utilization rate of renewable energy sources and ensures the stable operation of the system.
The invention relates to a micro-source power coordination method suitable for an MMC half-bridge series-structure micro-grid, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And in each sampling period, calculating to obtain the original output power of N micro sources of each bridge arm according to the voltage and current sampling result of the micro source converter in each bridge arm power generation unit GM. The three-phase system comprises 6N original power data, which are sequentially marked as P JXi [J∈(P；N)；X∈(A；B；C)；i＝1，2，···N)]；
(2) Judging the original output power of the 6N micro-sources obtained in the step (1) according to a voltage fluctuation standard, and directly taking the original output power as effective output power if the original output power meets the standard; otherwise, VMD decomposition is carried out, the decomposed low-frequency component is taken as the effective output power of the micro-source and is marked as P JGXi ；
(3) Adopting same-direction carrier wave stacking (PD-SPWM) modulation to divide N carriers into N/2 positive half-period carriers and N/2 negative half-period carriers which are sequentially marked as PP j ，PN j (j =1,2, · · N/2). And fixing the N carriers corresponding to each micro source to obtain the initial output power of the GM corresponding to different carriers. Alternating positive and negative half cycle carrier PP with 1/2 power frequency cycle as cycle j ，PN j Obtaining N/2 GM output power regulation intervals, wherein the maximum output power is P max GM output minimum Power P min ；
(4) And (4) judging the interval of the effective output power of each micro source by combining the power interval table obtained in the step (3), and sequencing the power. And if the power exceeds the power interval, correcting the output power value and sequencing.
(5) According to the power sequencing result obtained in the step (4), carrying out carrier allocation, and according to the step (1) and the stepThe micro-source original output power P obtained in the step (2) JXi And micro-source effective output power P JGXi Calculating to obtain the power reference coefficient delta P of each micro source JXi And power output coefficient Δ P JGXi (ii) a Among them, PP is used for allocating carrier j And PN j Are divided into a group, and the corresponding generating units are marked as GM in sequence i ，GM i+1 (ii) a The original output power of the micro-source is sequentially marked as P JXi ，P JX(i+1) The effective output power of the micro-source is sequentially marked as P JGXi ，P JGX(i+1) ；
(6) The power reference coefficient delta P obtained in the step (5) JXi And power output coefficient Δ P JGXi Obtaining the carrier equivalent duty ratio D of the power generation unit through the PI controller by taking the difference JXi Then sending it into PWM modulation module to obtain GM i The variable carrier control signal of (2); power generation unit GM with carrier group i And GM i+1 The variable carrier control signals are complementary.
In step (3) of the invention, if the number of bridge arm micro sources is N =4, the carrier wave PP 1 、PN 1 And PP 2 、PN 2 The calculation formula corresponding to the GM output power is:
wherein, P PP1 As a carrier PP 1 The output power corresponding to the GM; p is PP2 Is a carrier PP 2 The output power corresponding to the GM; p is PN1 Is a carrier PN 1 The output power corresponding to the GM; p PN2 Is a carrier PN 2 The output power corresponding to the GM; the parameter M is the modulation degree of the homodromous carrier stacking (PD-SPWM) modulation; theta.theta. 3 For modulating the phase angle of the wave when crossing different carriers and satisfying cos theta 3 ＝1/2M，θ 3 ∈(0，π/2)。
In the step (4), the power correction mode is as follows: when P is JXi >P max Taking the micro-source output power reference instruction as P max And is combined with P JXi -P max Absorbing residual power as a primary charging instruction of the energy storage system; when P is present JXi <P min Taking the micro-source output power reference instruction as P min And combining P min -P JXi And compensating the power shortage as a primary discharge command of the energy storage system.
In the step (5), the micro-source power reference coefficient delta P JXi And power output coefficient Δ P JGXi The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the present invention, variable carrier stacked modulation is adopted, and two carriers are used as one variable carrier group. Therefore, the number N of the power generation units included in the system bridge arm is an even number.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an MMC-MG structure with bridge arm 4 micro-sources according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system comprises an A-phase subsystem 1, a B-phase subsystem 2, a C-phase subsystem 3, a filter 4, a load 5, a static switch 6 and the like, wherein A, B, C is three-phase symmetrical in the system. Phase a is composed of upper arm 8 and lower arm 9. Wind micro-sources 10 and 11 and photovoltaic micro-sources 12 and 13 in the upper bridge arm 8 are respectively connected in parallel to the direct current sides of upper bridge arm micro-source half-bridge converters 26, 27, 28 and 29 after passing through an AC/DC rectifying circuit and a DC/DC direct current converting circuit. The wind micro-sources 14 and 15 and the photovoltaic micro-sources 12 and 13 in the lower bridge arm 9 are respectively connected in parallel to the direct current sides of the lower bridge arm micro-source half-bridge converters 30, 31, 32 and 33 after passing through an AC/DC rectifying circuit or a DC/DC direct current converting circuit. Two ends of a micro-source direct-current chain in the upper bridge arm (8) are respectively connected with a 1 st energy storage device 18, a 2 nd energy storage device 19, a 3 rd energy storage device 20 and a 4 th energy storage device 21 in parallel, and two ends of a micro-source direct-current chain in the lower bridge arm (9) are respectively connected with a 1 st energy storage device 22, a 2 nd energy storage device 23, a 3 rd energy storage device 24 and a 4 th energy storage device 25 in parallel.
The three-phase 6-bridge arm structure of the system is symmetrical, so the A-phase upper bridge arm is taken as an example for specific description.
In this embodiment, a flow chart of the method for coordinately controlling the output power of the bridge arm micro-source of the MMC half-bridge series structure based on adaptive variable carrier stack modulation is shown in fig. 2, and includes the following steps:
a) And in each sampling period, calculating to obtain the original output power of 4 micro-sources according to the voltage and current sampling result of the micro-source converter in the A-phase upper bridge arm power generation unit. In turn denoted by P PA1 ，P PA2 ，P PA3 ，P PA4 ；
B) Judging the original output power of the 4 micro sources of the phase A upper bridge arm according to a voltage fluctuation standard, and directly using the original output power as effective output power if the original output power meets the standard; otherwise, VMD decomposition is carried out, the decomposed low-frequency component is taken as the effective output power of the micro-source and is marked as P PGA1 ，P PGA2 ，P PGA3 ，P PGA4 ；
C) And fixing 4 carriers corresponding to each micro source to obtain the initial output power of GM corresponding to different carriers. And (4) circulating the carriers by taking T/2 as a period to obtain a GM output power regulation interval. The calculation results of the GM output power for each carrier are as follows:
cosθ 3 ＝1/2M，θ 3 ∈(0,π/2)。
d) And D) judging the interval of the effective output power of each micro source by combining the power interval table obtained in the step C), and sequencing the power. If the power exceeds the power interval, correcting the output power value and then sequencing;
e) Performing carrier allocation according to the power sequencing result obtained in the step D), and performing original output power P of the micro-source obtained in the step A and the step B PAi And micro-source effective output power P PGAi Calculating to obtain the power reference coefficient delta P of each micro source PAi And power output coefficient Δ P PGAi (ii) a The calculation formula is as follows:
f) The power reference coefficient delta P obtained in the step E) PAi And power output coefficient Δ P PGAi Obtaining the carrier equivalent duty ratio D of each power generation unit through a PI controller by taking the difference PAi . Sending the signal into a PWM module to obtain GM i The variable carrier control signal of (2). Power generation unit GM with carrier group i And GM i+1 Its carrier-varying controller output signal is inverted.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the reference coefficient Δ P according to the micro-source power PAi And the output power coefficient delta P of the power generation unit PGAi Obtaining the power generation units GM of the same carrier group i And GM i+1 Schematic diagram of a variable carrier control signal. In the figure, PWM i And PWM i+1 Sequentially a power generation unit GM i And GM i+1 The carrier-changing controller outputs signals, and the two signals are in reverse phase.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a carrier-varying layered modulation scheme used for GM. In the figure, GM 1 The carrier waves are alternated by PP1 and PN1, and the carrier waves are interchanged after 1/2 power frequency period. A period T of variable carrier 0 Inner, PN1 input time T 1 Duty cycle T of 1 /T 0 Defined as the equivalent duty cycle D PA1 I.e. D PA1 ＝T 1 /T 0 。
Fig. 5 to 7 are simulation waveforms of the power coordination control of the bridge arm micro-source in the a phase of the bridge arm 4 micro-source MMC-MG system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of 4 micro-source original output power, fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of low-frequency effective output power after VMD decomposition of the micro-source original output power, and fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of output power after each GM is adaptively adjusted according to the micro-source output power contained in the GM. According to simulation results, the power coordination control method provided by the invention can effectively realize the output power self-adaptive coordination control of each micro source in the system half bridge and improve the utilization rate of the micro source.
The method of the invention can not cause the increase of the system circulation current and can not affect the output voltage of the system.
The above are embodiments of the present invention, and it will not take creative labor for a person skilled in the art, and many variations can be made on the basis of the above embodiments, and the object of the present invention can be achieved. Such variations are, however, clearly intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (4)
1. A micro-source power coordination method suitable for an MMC half-bridge series structure micro-grid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) In each sampling period, calculating to obtain the original output power of N micro sources of each bridge arm according to the voltage and current sampling result of the micro source converter in each bridge arm power generation unit GM; the three-phase system comprises 6N original power data, which are sequentially marked as P JXi [ wherein J ∈ (P, N), P and N respectively represent an upper arm and a lower arm of each phase; x belongs to (A, B and C) and respectively represents one phase of the three phases; i = (1,2, ·, N), representing one of N micro-sources per bridge arm; p JXi Representing the original output power of the ith micro-source of the X-phase J bridge arm]；
(2) Judging the original output power of the 6N micro-sources obtained in the step (1) according to a voltage fluctuation standard, and directly taking the original output power as effective output power if the original output power meets the standard; otherwise, VMD decomposition is carried out, the decomposed low-frequency component is taken as the effective output power of the micro-source and is marked as P JGXi ；
(3) Adopting same-direction carrier wave stacking (PD-SPWM) modulation to divide N carrier waves into N/2 positive half-period carrier waves and N/2 negative half-period carrier waves which are sequentially marked as PP j ，PN j (j＝1，2，···，N/2)，PP j The jth carrier, PN, representing a positive half cycle j A jth carrier representing a negative half cycle; fixing each micro source corresponding to N carriers to obtain the initial output power of GM corresponding to different carriers; with 1/2 power frequency period asPeriodic, alternating positive and negative half-cycle carrier PP j ，PN j Obtaining N/2 GM output power regulation intervals, wherein the maximum output power is P max GM output minimum Power is P min ；
(4) Judging the interval of the effective output power of each micro source by combining the power interval table obtained in the step (3), and sequencing the power; if the power exceeds the power interval, correcting the output power value and then sequencing;
(5) Carrying out carrier allocation according to the power sequencing result obtained in the step (4), and according to the original output power P of the micro-source obtained in the step (1) and the step (2) JXi And micro-source effective output power P JGXi Calculating to obtain the power reference coefficient delta P of each micro source JXi And power output coefficient Δ P JGXi (ii) a Wherein, PP is allocated to carrier j And PN j Are divided into a group, and the corresponding generating units are sequentially marked as GM i ，GM i+1 (ii) a The original output power of the micro-source is sequentially marked as P JXi ，P JX(i+1) The effective output power of the micro-source is sequentially marked as P JGXi ，P JGX(i+1) ；
(6) The power reference coefficient delta P obtained in the step (5) is used JXi And power output coefficient Δ P JGXi Obtaining the carrier equivalent duty ratio D of each power generation unit through a PI controller by taking the difference JXi Sending the GM into a PWM module to obtain a GM i The variable carrier control signal of (2); power generation unit GM with carrier group i And GM i+1 The variable carrier control signals are complementary.
2. The micro-source power coordination method suitable for the MMC half-bridge series-structure micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), if the number of bridge arm micro-sources N =4, the carrier PP is selected 1 、PN 1 And PP 2 、PN 2 The calculation formula corresponding to the GM output power is:
wherein, P PP1 As a carrier PP 1 The output power corresponding to the GM; p PP2 Is a carrier PP 2 The output power corresponding to the GM; p PN1 Is a carrier PN 1 The output power corresponding to the GM; p is PN2 As a carrier PN 2 The output power corresponding to the GM; the parameter M is the modulation degree of unidirectional carrier stacking (PD-SPWM) modulation; theta 3 For modulating the phase angle of the wave when crossing different carriers and satisfying cos theta 3 ＝1/2M，θ 3 ∈(0，π/2)。
3. The micro-source power coordination method suitable for the MMC half-bridge series-structure micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the power is corrected in a manner that: when P is JXi >P max Taking the micro-source output power reference instruction as P max And is combined with P JXi -P max The residual power is absorbed as a primary charging instruction of the energy storage system; when P is present JXi <P min Taking the micro-source output power reference instruction as P min And combining P min -P JXi And compensating the power shortage as a primary discharge command of the energy storage system.
4. The micro-source power coordination method suitable for MMC half-bridge series structure micro-grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (5), the micro-source power reference coefficient Δ P JXi And power output coefficient Δ P JGXi The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
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