CN108777544B - DC/DC converter for flexible DC power transmission and control method thereof - Google Patents
DC/DC converter for flexible DC power transmission and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108777544B CN108777544B CN201810591730.1A CN201810591730A CN108777544B CN 108777544 B CN108777544 B CN 108777544B CN 201810591730 A CN201810591730 A CN 201810591730A CN 108777544 B CN108777544 B CN 108777544B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
A DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission and a control method thereof belong to the field of flexible direct current transmission and solve the problems of large device stress, large system loss and large volume of the existing non-isolated high-voltage DC/DC converter. A converter: diode string D1 and diode string D2 are connected in series between the dc low voltage side positive electrode and the dc high voltage side positive electrode, and diode string D3 and diode string D4 are connected in series between the dc low voltage side positive electrode and the dc high voltage side negative electrode. The switch S1 and the switch S2 are connected in parallel with the diode string D2 and the diode string D4, respectively. The half-bridge sub-module string is connected in series with an inductor L between the common terminal of diode string D1 and diode string D2 and the common terminal of diode string D3 and diode string D4. The control method comprises the following steps: setting on-off states of the switch S1 and the switch S2 according to a power transmission direction between the direct current low-voltage side and the direct current high-voltage side; and controlling the charging and discharging states of the half-bridge submodule string so as to maintain energy balance when power transmission occurs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a DC/DC converter, belonging to the field of flexible direct current transmission.
Background
In recent years, with the development of flexible dc transmission technology, dc transmission engineering is shifting from a multi-terminal dc transmission system to a dc grid with meshes. As transformers play a crucial role for the development of direct current networks, as for alternating current networks, DC/DC converters. At present, a large number of DC/DC converter topologies exist in medium and low voltage applications, however, these topologies cannot be expanded to hundreds of kilovolts and hundreds of megawatts due to the constraints of the factors such as device stress, loss, cost, voltage change rate and filter volume weight.
In recent years, many reports have been made on DC/DC power conversion with high voltage and large capacity. Among them, an isolated DC/DC converter represented by a "face-to-face" type modular multilevel DC/DC converter has appeared first. The DC/DC converter has an intermediate alternating current link, and power transmission needs to pass through a direct current-alternating current-direct current two-stage full-power conversion link, so that the DC/DC converter has the disadvantages of excessive component number, large volume, high power loss and high cost.
In order to solve the above problems, researchers use a modular multilevel DC converter to enable the modular multilevel DC converter to directly output DC voltage, so as to form a non-isolated DC/DC converter with a single-stage circuit structure. The DC/DC converter can omit an inevitable alternating current transformer of an isolated DC/DC converter. However, in order to maintain the stability of the capacitor voltages of the sub-modules of the upper and lower bridge arms, the DC/DC converter needs to inject high-amplitude alternating voltage and circulating current to realize power exchange between the bridge arms, which results in significant increase of both stress and loss of devices. In addition to this, the output side of such DC/DC converters requires the installation of extremely bulky filtering devices, which results in an excessive bulk of such DC/DC converters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission and a control method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of large device stress, large system loss and large volume of the existing non-isolated high-voltage DC/DC converter.
The DC/DC converter for flexible direct current power transmission comprises a diode string D1-D4, a half-bridge submodule string, an inductor L, a switch S1 and a switch S2;
the circuit structures of the diode string D1-D4 are the same, and each diode string comprises a plurality of diodes connected in series in the forward direction;
the half-bridge submodule string comprises half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN, the circuit structures of the half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN are the same, and for the half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN, the current output end of the half-bridge submodule is sequentially connected with the current input end of the half-bridge submodule;
the anode of the diode string D1 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the direct-current low-voltage side and the cathode of the diode string D3, the cathode of the diode string D1 is simultaneously connected with the current input end of the half-bridge submodule SM1, the anode of the diode string D2 and the first end of the switch S1, and the cathode of the diode string D2 is simultaneously connected with the second end of the switch S1 and the anode of the direct-current high-voltage side;
the current output end of the half-bridge submodule SMN is connected with the first end of an inductor L, the second end of the inductor L is simultaneously connected with the anode of a diode string D3, the cathode of a diode string D4 and the first end of a switch S2, and the anode of a diode string D4 is simultaneously connected with the second end of a switch S2, the cathode of a direct-current low-voltage side and the cathode of a direct-current high-voltage side;
half-bridge submodule SM 1-half-bridge submodule SMN are used for realizing synchronous charging or discharging according to the corresponding half-bridge submodule driving signals, and further maintaining energy balance when power transmission occurs between the direct current low-voltage side and the direct current high-voltage side.
The control method of the DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission comprises the following steps:
step one, setting the on-off states of a switch S1 and a switch S2 according to the power transmission direction between a direct current low-voltage side and a direct current high-voltage side;
and step two, controlling the charging and discharging states of the half-bridge submodule SM 1-the half-bridge submodule SMN, and further maintaining energy balance when power transmission occurs between the direct current low-voltage side and the direct current high-voltage side.
Preferably, the specific content of the step one is as follows:
setting the switch S1 and the switch S2 to an off state and an on state, respectively, when power is transmitted from the dc low-voltage side to the dc high-voltage side;
when power is transmitted from the dc high voltage side to the dc low voltage side, the switch S1 and the switch S2 are set to an on state and an off state, respectively.
Preferably, the second step includes:
generating a direct current high-voltage side current reference signal by adopting a power control mode;
secondly, adjusting a direct-current low-voltage side current reference signal in an energy balance control mode to enable the mean value of the capacitance and the voltage of the half-bridge sub-modules SM 1-SMN to be equal to the reference mean value of the capacitance and the voltage;
step two, superposing the direct current high-voltage side current reference signal and the regulated direct current low-voltage side current reference signal, and taking the superposed signal as a half-bridge submodule string current reference signal;
step two, inputting the difference value of the current reference signal of the half-bridge submodule string and the actual current signal of the half-bridge submodule string into a proportional-integral regulator;
and step two, obtaining driving signals of the half-bridge sub-modules SM 1-SMN by adopting a half-bridge sub-module capacitance voltage balance control and modulation mode based on the half-bridge sub-module string voltage control signals output by the proportional-integral regulator.
The charging and discharging current paths of the half-bridge submodule string are determined by the power transmission direction between the direct current low-voltage side and the direct current high-voltage side and the real-time voltage at two ends of the half-bridge submodule string:
when power is transmitted from the direct current low-voltage side to the direct current high-voltage side and the voltage at two ends of the half-bridge submodule string is low-voltage side voltage, current flows through the diode string D1 to charge the half-bridge submodule string;
when power is transmitted from the direct current low-voltage side to the direct current high-voltage side and the voltage at two ends of the half-bridge submodule string is the high-voltage side voltage, current flows through the diode string D2 to discharge for the half-bridge submodule string;
when power is transmitted from a direct current high-voltage side to a direct current low-voltage side and the voltage at two ends of the half-bridge submodule string is the difference between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side, current flows through the diode string D3 to charge the half-bridge submodule string;
when power is transmitted from the direct current high-voltage side to the direct current low-voltage side, and the voltage at two ends of the half-bridge submodule string is the high-voltage side voltage, current flows through the diode string D4 to discharge the half-bridge submodule string.
Under the control of the control method, the DC/DC converter for flexible direct-current power transmission enables the half-bridge sub-module string to be correspondingly charged or discharged in the process of power transmission between the direct-current low-voltage side and the direct-current high-voltage side, and further realizes the flexible direct-current power transmission DC/DC conversion. Compared with the existing non-isolated high-voltage DC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter for flexible direct-current power transmission does not need to inject high-amplitude alternating-current voltage and circulating current to realize power exchange between bridge arms, and does not need to be provided with a filtering device. Therefore, the DC/DC converter for flexible direct-current power transmission can effectively solve the problems of large device stress, large system loss and large volume of the existing non-isolated high-voltage DC/DC converter.
Drawings
The DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission and the control method thereof according to the present invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a DC/DC converter for flexible DC power transmission according to an embodiment, where iLIs an actual current signal of the DC low-voltage side ipFor actual current signals of half-bridge sub-module strings, iHIs an actual current signal of the DC high-voltage side uPIs the actual voltage, U, across the half-bridge sub-module stringLIs a DC low side voltage, UHIs a direct current high voltage side voltage;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a diode string according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a half-bridge sub-module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a control schematic block diagram of a DC/DC converter for flexible DC power transmission according to an embodiment, wherein PrefFor power reference signals, UC_refFor half-bridge submodule capacitor voltage mean reference signal, UC_avgIs the average value of the capacitor voltage of the half-bridge submodule, PI is a proportional-integral regulator, iH_refIs a DC high-side current reference signal iL_refRepresenting the DC low-side current reference signal iP_refFor half-bridge sub-module string current reference signal, uP_refControlling a signal for a half-bridge sub-module string voltage;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a derivative topology of the parallel connection of the three-phase DC/DC converters mentioned in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The DC/DC converter for flexible DC power transmission and the control method thereof according to the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): the present embodiment is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the DC/DC converter for flexible direct current power transmission according to the present embodiment includes a diode string D1-D4, a half-bridge sub-module string, an inductor L, a switch S1 and a switch S2;
the circuit structures of the diode string D1-D4 are the same, and each diode string comprises a plurality of diodes connected in series in the forward direction;
the half-bridge submodule string comprises half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN, the circuit structures of the half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN are the same, and for the half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN, the current output end of the half-bridge submodule is sequentially connected with the current input end of the half-bridge submodule;
the anode of the diode string D1 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the direct-current low-voltage side and the cathode of the diode string D3, the cathode of the diode string D1 is simultaneously connected with the current input end of the half-bridge submodule SM1, the anode of the diode string D2 and the first end of the switch S1, and the cathode of the diode string D2 is simultaneously connected with the second end of the switch S1 and the anode of the direct-current high-voltage side;
the current output end of the half-bridge submodule SMN is connected with the first end of an inductor L, the second end of the inductor L is simultaneously connected with the anode of a diode string D3, the cathode of a diode string D4 and the first end of a switch S2, and the anode of a diode string D4 is simultaneously connected with the second end of a switch S2, the cathode of a direct-current low-voltage side and the cathode of a direct-current high-voltage side;
half-bridge submodule SM 1-half-bridge submodule SMN are used for realizing synchronous charging or discharging according to the corresponding half-bridge submodule driving signals, and further maintaining energy balance when power transmission occurs between the direct current low-voltage side and the direct current high-voltage side.
In this embodiment, the diode strings D1-D4 are a boost charging diode string, a boost discharging diode string, a buck charging diode string and a buck discharging diode string, respectively, the switch S1 is a bypass switch of the diode string D2, and the switch S2 is a bypass switch of the diode string D4.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a half-bridge submodule. As shown in fig. 3, the half-bridge sub-module includes a first full-control device IGBT1, a second full-control device IGBT2, a first full-control device IGBT1 connected in series with the second full-control device IGBT2, and a capacitor C connected in parallel with the first full-control device IGBT1 and the second full-control device IGBT2 connected in series.
Fig. 4 is a control schematic block diagram of the DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission. The control method of the DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission according to the present embodiment is described in detail below with reference to fig. 4.
The control method comprises the following steps:
step one, setting the on-off states of a switch S1 and a switch S2 according to the power transmission direction between a direct current low-voltage side and a direct current high-voltage side;
and step two, controlling the charging and discharging states of the half-bridge submodule SM 1-the half-bridge submodule SMN, and further maintaining energy balance when power transmission occurs between the direct current low-voltage side and the direct current high-voltage side.
The specific content of the step one is as follows:
setting the switch S1 and the switch S2 to an off state and an on state, respectively, when power is transmitted from the dc low-voltage side to the dc high-voltage side;
when power is transmitted from the dc high voltage side to the dc low voltage side, the switch S1 and the switch S2 are set to an on state and an off state, respectively.
Wherein, step two includes:
generating a direct current high-voltage side current reference signal by adopting a power control mode;
secondly, adjusting a direct-current low-voltage side current reference signal in an energy balance control mode to enable the mean value of the capacitance and the voltage of the half-bridge sub-modules SM 1-SMN to be equal to the reference mean value of the capacitance and the voltage;
step two, superposing the direct current high-voltage side current reference signal and the regulated direct current low-voltage side current reference signal, and taking the superposed signal as a half-bridge submodule string current reference signal;
step two, inputting the difference value of the current reference signal of the half-bridge submodule string and the actual current signal of the half-bridge submodule string into a proportional-integral regulator;
and step two, obtaining driving signals of the half-bridge sub-modules SM 1-SMN by adopting a half-bridge sub-module capacitance voltage balance control and modulation mode based on the half-bridge sub-module string voltage control signals output by the proportional-integral regulator.
In practical application, better current waveform quality can be obtained by connecting the DC/DC converters described in the multiphase embodiment in parallel. Fig. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of a derivative topology of three-phase DC/DC converters connected in parallel.
The DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission has the advantages of high efficiency, small volume and low cost without configuring an alternating current transformer. The charging and discharging of the half-bridge sub-module string can be realized through the charging and discharging diode string, so that the DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission has the advantages of less components, low power loss and small heat productivity, and is suitable for realizing high-power transmission among direct current systems with different voltage levels.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (4)
1. The DC/DC converter for flexible direct current power transmission is characterized by comprising diode strings D1-D4, a half-bridge submodule string, an inductor L, a switch S1 and a switch S2;
the circuit structures of the diode string D1-D4 are the same, and each diode string comprises a plurality of diodes connected in series in the forward direction;
the half-bridge submodule string comprises half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN, the circuit structures of the half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN are the same, and for the half-bridge submodules SM 1-SMN, the current output end of the half-bridge submodule is sequentially connected with the current input end of the half-bridge submodule;
the anode of the diode string D1 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the direct-current low-voltage side and the cathode of the diode string D3, the cathode of the diode string D1 is simultaneously connected with the current input end of the half-bridge submodule SM1, the anode of the diode string D2 and the first end of the switch S1, and the cathode of the diode string D2 is simultaneously connected with the second end of the switch S1 and the anode of the direct-current high-voltage side;
the current output end of the half-bridge submodule SMN is connected with the first end of an inductor L, the second end of the inductor L is simultaneously connected with the anode of a diode string D3, the cathode of a diode string D4 and the first end of a switch S2, and the anode of a diode string D4 is simultaneously connected with the second end of a switch S2, the cathode of a direct-current low-voltage side and the cathode of a direct-current high-voltage side;
half-bridge submodule SM 1-half-bridge submodule SMN are used for realizing synchronous charging or discharging according to the corresponding half-bridge submodule driving signals, and further maintaining energy balance when power transmission occurs between the direct current low-voltage side and the direct current high-voltage side.
2. The control method of a DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission according to claim 1, characterized by comprising:
step one, setting the on-off states of a switch S1 and a switch S2 according to the power transmission direction between a direct current low-voltage side and a direct current high-voltage side;
and step two, controlling the charging and discharging states of the half-bridge submodule SM 1-the half-bridge submodule SMN, and further maintaining energy balance when power transmission occurs between the direct current low-voltage side and the direct current high-voltage side.
3. The control method of a DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission according to claim 2,
the specific content of the first step is as follows:
setting the switch S1 and the switch S2 to an off state and an on state, respectively, when power is transmitted from the dc low-voltage side to the dc high-voltage side;
when power is transmitted from the dc high voltage side to the dc low voltage side, the switch S1 and the switch S2 are set to an on state and an off state, respectively.
4. The control method of a DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission according to claim 3,
the second step comprises the following steps:
generating a direct current high-voltage side current reference signal by adopting a power control mode;
secondly, adjusting a direct-current low-voltage side current reference signal in an energy balance control mode to enable the mean value of the capacitance and the voltage of the half-bridge sub-modules SM 1-SMN to be equal to the reference mean value of the capacitance and the voltage;
step two, superposing the direct current high-voltage side current reference signal and the regulated direct current low-voltage side current reference signal, and taking the superposed signal as a half-bridge submodule string current reference signal;
step two, inputting the difference value of the current reference signal of the half-bridge submodule string and the actual current signal of the half-bridge submodule string into a proportional-integral regulator;
and step two, obtaining driving signals of the half-bridge sub-modules SM 1-SMN by adopting a half-bridge sub-module capacitance voltage balance control and modulation mode based on the half-bridge sub-module string voltage control signals output by the proportional-integral regulator.
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| CN109728720B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bipolar DC/DC converter for flexible direct current transmission and control method thereof |
| CN110350788B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-11-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-power direct-current boost converter for direct-current boost collection and control method thereof |
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| CN105576982A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-05-11 | 上海交通大学 | Non-isolated DC transformer |
| US9525348B1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2016-12-20 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Power converter having integrated capacitor-blocked transistor cells |
| CN106253725A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-21 | 清华大学 | Be suitable to the unilateral brachium pontis blocking-up type modular multi-level converter of unidirectional trend |
| CN107370365A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | D.C. high voltage transmission DC DC converters and the method that voltage discharge and recharge is realized using the converter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107003355A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-08-01 | 通用电器技术有限公司 | Synthesize test circuit |
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| US9525348B1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2016-12-20 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Power converter having integrated capacitor-blocked transistor cells |
| CN105576982A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-05-11 | 上海交通大学 | Non-isolated DC transformer |
| CN106253725A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-21 | 清华大学 | Be suitable to the unilateral brachium pontis blocking-up type modular multi-level converter of unidirectional trend |
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