CN108642640A - A kind of preparation method and purposes of rigidity gradient auxetic materials - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and purposes of rigidity gradient auxetic materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN108642640A CN108642640A CN201810417048.0A CN201810417048A CN108642640A CN 108642640 A CN108642640 A CN 108642640A CN 201810417048 A CN201810417048 A CN 201810417048A CN 108642640 A CN108642640 A CN 108642640A
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- Prior art keywords
- auxetic
- preparation
- gradient
- rigidity gradient
- rigidity
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/402—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
- D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Preparation method and uses of rigidity gradient auxetic materials, the method of the present invention is modeled using modeling software, model and data are imported in laser cutting machine, the elastomers such as latex, polyurethane, rubber are cut and carved using laser cutting machine, to obtain two dimension or three-dimensional stiffness gradient uniformity gap auxetic materials.The rigidity gradient uniform gap structure auxetic materials of preparation may be used as insole, sole, ballistic protective clothing, physical protection pad, safety cap and lining of helmet, Sofa cushion, safety chair seats of car, pillow, packaging material, anti-padded coaming etc..The features of the present invention is easy to process, it is wide can be applicable in raw material with integrated molding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Preparation method and uses of rigidity gradient auxetic materials, and face is taken in particular for preparing
Expect, the preparation method of the rigidity gradient auxetic materials of the bumper and absorbing shock textile of industry, belongs to textile material and technical field.
Background technology
Function-graded material is to be put forward first by Japanese scholars for 1986, has there is development at full speed so far.Mesh
Before, foreign applications gradient theory carries out design of material and has been directed to the fields such as heat, electricity, light, magnetic.But it from mechanical property, answers
It is had not been reported in terms of inquiring into design mechanical gradient functional structure enhancing composite material with gradient theory.Variation rigidity material is also
A kind of functionally graded material.By changing the component or structure of material internal, the function that rigidity changes in gradient can be obtained
Gradient parts.The present invention prepares the uniform gap structure auxetic materials of rigidity gradient using one-time formed mode, not only can be with
Clothes use is made, various anti-padded coamings can also be done.
Wang Lu (Wang Lu, seedling beautiful jade jasmine etc., CN104706443A, 2015) invented it is a kind of with rigidity gradient variation hernia repair
Sticking patch, the invention have sufficient intensity and superior elasticity, and sticking patch intermediate body portion aperture is big, soft, surface density is small, is conducive to
Tissue grows into and improves stomach wall compliance, and sticking patch edge, which has, reinforces fixed part, improves material and suture or hernia nail etc.
The retention intensity of fixing device, and be conducive in surgical procedure flatten sticking patch.Fan Yubo (Fan Yubo, Li Jian,
CN106983551A, 2017) a kind of porous complex bone plate and preparation method thereof of rigidity gradient variation is provided, bone plate is by rigidity
Laminating layer, transition zone, the physical layer successively increased is sequentially connected composition, each corresponding position of layer through there is a location hole, rigidity compared with
Small laminating layer is in contact with green bone, can reduce the rigidity of bone plate interface, improves stress-shielding effect, the larger entity of rigidity
Layer achieves a fixed connection；Laminating layer is equipped with porous structure with transition zone, and the adherency of cell can be promoted to grow, and is formed more secured
Biological fixation, be conducive to the permanently effective military service of bone plate；Bone plate overall structure is integrally formed using 3D printing, it can be achieved that from patch
Close layer, transition zone porous structure to physical layer entity structure natural transition and linking, with apparent anisotropic power
Learn characteristic.
Gradient-porosity material belongs to functionally graded material, has that low porosity materials strength and stiffness are higher and high porosity concurrently
The preferable advantage of material sound-absorbing effect, moreover, gradient porosity material becomes the impedance of sound wave along graded direction in gradient
Law, studies have shown that the porous material of gradual change impedance has best broad band sound absorption effect, in the interface of material and air
The mutation of material composition and acoustic resistance is not present with material internal, therefore, it is possible to reduce the reflection of sound and avoid generating stress collection
In.From the present invention in shape, which still belongs to gradient porosity material, i.e., is in along the porosity of some direction material
The material of the variation of existing gradient type, porosity becomes smaller or larger the present invention successively from the bottom to top.
George Loyd Method study and developing liquefied air Co., Ltd (P Dai-Jia Luo, D Garies etc.,
CN102083769A, 2011) apply for that a kind of ceramic foam with porosity gradient and catalytic activity phase gradient, the material are
Cylinder, outer ring cause inner ring, axial material concentration different.Huang Jian (Huang is strong, peaks Xiong Xu etc., CN106007524A, 2016) is provided
A kind of ground polymers wall thermal insulation board and preparation method thereof that porosity gradient is controllable has bubble inside heat preservation plate material, and
And bubble inside heat preservation plate material with thickness distribution gradient.Preparation method is：By alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal silicon
Acid salt aqueous solution and water mixing, make alkali metal hydroxide be completely dissolved, and flyash is then added and forms geo-polymer slurry
Body, and foaming agent is added into geo-polymer slurry and foams, adds dispersant and thickener, last injection molding, maintenance,
Demoulding obtains the controllable ground polymers wall thermal insulation board of porosity gradient.Not only compression strength is big for the heat preservation plate material, heat conduction system
Number is low, and porosity is big, and bubble, with thickness distribution gradient, can not only improve heat insulation effect inside heat preservation plate material, uses
The negative wind pressure of bigger can be born in building masonry wall heat preservation, it is possible to prevente effectively from falling object from high altitude.
Therefore Gradient Materials have superior performance, and assigning gradient-structure and gradient rigidity to textile material will have
Extremely superior performance.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is：It is rigid that the fabrics for industrial use of wearing fabric and buffering for textile material carry out gradient
Structure design is spent, material is assigned and compresses graded, improve the overall coordination effect of compression；Especially combine negative poisson's ratio knot
Structure realizes the textile material of gradient negative poisson's ratio structure, stiffness variation is realized in structure, is effectively improved cushion performance and static state
Under tensile property difference.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation sides of rigidity gradient auxetic materials
Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
It is step 1, different with purposes according to requiring, the material and shape and size of fabric are designed, make fabric that there is auxetic knot
Structure；
Step 2 is modeled with modeling software, and the model built up and data are imported in laser cutting machine；
Step 3 selects Incise the raw material according to purpose of design；
Step 4, according to purpose of design difference, molding material is carved to cutting and is post-processed, auxetic structure material is obtained
Material.
Preferably, the auxetic structure pattern of the auxetic structure includes indent honeycomb, star network, indent diamond shape, positive ten
Dihedron, triangle grid, center rotation rectangle, center rotary triangle shape, center rotation tetrahedron, chiral honeycomb, center rotation
Polyhedron, hinged hexagon, articulated quadrilateral, hinged triangle and combinations thereof.
Preferably, the auxetic structure is divided into different groups of units in the longitudinal direction, and every group of unit number of plies is different, same group of unit
The thickness of structure is identical, and the thickness of cellular construction is different between different groups, so that overall structure shock resistance is more excellent.
Preferably, ranging from 2-50 layers of the number of plies of the unit, the thickness ranging from micro-meter scale of the unit, range
0.5-2000 microns；The hole ratio of the auxetic structure material is adjustable, ranging from 0%-95%.
Preferably, the fineness of the upper unit of the auxetic structure and the fineness of lower unit have differences, and form upper layer
The compression stiffness of unit is different from the compression stiffness of lower unit, on the longitudinal direction of auxetic structure material, the pressure of each layer unit
Contracting rigidity gradient changes.
Preferably, the auxetic structure is upper coarse and lower fine, the porosity of each layer unit or equal, or different or graded.
Preferably, the material of the fabric is rubber material, latex material, polyurethane-type thermoplastic elastomer, polyamide
Analog thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefins thermoplastic elastomer, styrene analog thermoplastic elastomer or above-mentioned material combination.
Preferably, the auxetic structure material can cut, bonds and sew, and other articles for use are made to facilitate；After described
Processing mode includes coating plated film, dyeing, fire-retardant, antibacterial, anti pilling, antistatic, non-ironing, crease-resistant, water repellent oleophobic.
Preferably, using the difference of the material property of fabric and laser cutting depth, material forming shape is different, and purposes is not
Together；When using flaky raw material, laser cutting scale is small, obtains two-dimentional fabric, does business suit use, material large scale solid material
When material, laser cutting scale is big, obtains three-dimensional fabric, does various padded coamings.
There is provided a kind of rigidity gradient drawings obtained according to above-mentioned preparation method for another technical solution of the present invention
The purposes of swollen material, which is characterized in that for clothes, filtering, sound insulation, insole, sole, ballistic protective clothing, physical protection pad, safety cap
And lining of helmet, Sofa cushion, safety chair seats of car, pillow, packaging material, anti-padded coaming.
The features of the present invention and advantageous effect are：
(1) auxetic effect and rigidity gradient, hole rigidity are combined by the material that the present invention makes, and it is more to assign material
Performance and usage.
(2) present invention can quickly generate rigidity gradient auxetic materials, and entire manufacturing process is simple and easy to operate, technique letter
It is single, it is of low cost, it is environmentally friendly.
(3) scope of application and purposes of the present invention are wide, and any 3D modeling software can model, raw material selectable range,
Shaped article can not only do two-dimentional garment material, but also various anti-bufferings and sound insulating material can be done etc..
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is two-dimentional indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic fabric schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is three-dimensional indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic materials schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic structure inside height increasing shoe pad schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the common insole schematic diagram of indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic structure；
Fig. 5 is that simulation drawing is compressed in two-dimentional indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic materials low porosity upper surface；
Fig. 6 is that simulation drawing is compressed in two-dimentional indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic materials high porosity upper surface；
Fig. 7 is that Two Dimensional Uniform gap indent hexagon auxetic materials compress simulation drawing.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, people in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Range.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods and purposes of rigidity gradient auxetic materials, can be conveniently and efficiently
The fabric with Negative poisson's ratio, rigidity gradient, porosity gradient is made.Its shaped article be suitable for clothes, filtering, every
Sound, insole, sole, ballistic protective clothing, physical protection pad, safety cap and lining of helmet, Sofa cushion, safety chair seats of car, pillow, packet
Package material, anti-padded coaming etc..
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides one, the technical scheme comprises the following steps：
(a) different with purposes according to requiring, design the material and shape and size of fabric so that fabric has auxetic structure；
(b) it being modeled with modeling software, modeling software is varied, can be SolidWorks, Pro/E, UG, 3Ds Max,
Rhino, Maya, Softimage, CATIA etc., the people for grasping any of the above technology can be that the invention models；
(c) model built up and data are imported in laser cutting machine, laser cutting machine is preferably non-metallic laser cutting
Machine；
(d) Incise the raw material is selected according to purpose of design；
(e) according to purpose of design difference, molding material is carved to cutting and is post-processed, auxetic structure material is formed.
There are many post processing mode, including coating plated film, and dyeing, fire-retardant, antibacterial, anti pilling is antistatic, non-ironing, crease-resistant, water repellent oleophobic
Deng.
The auxetic structure pattern of auxetic structure includes indent honeycomb, star network, indent diamond shape, regular dodecahedron, triangle
Grid, center rotary triangle shape, center rotation tetrahedron, chiral honeycomb, center polygonal, is hinged center rotation rectangle
Hexagon, articulated quadrilateral, hinged triangle and combinations thereof.
The preferred indent hexagon cellular structure of auxetic structure pattern, triangular structure, hub-and-spoke configuration, herringbone structure and chirality
Structure etc..
Auxetic structure is grouped in the longitudinal direction, and every group of unit number of plies is different, and the thickness of same group of cellular construction is identical, different groups
The thickness for knitting a cellular construction is different, so that overall structure shock resistance is more excellent.
Ranging from 2-50 layers of the unit number of plies of auxetic structure, the thickness ranging from micro-meter scale of the unit, range 0.5-
2000 microns, the hole ratio of auxetic structure is adjustable, ranging from 0%-95%.
The fineness of the upper layer pull expansion unit of auxetic structure and the fineness of lower layer's pull expansion unit have differences, and form upper layer auxetic
The compression stiffness of unit is different from the compression stiffness of lower layer's pull expansion unit, on the longitudinal direction of auxetic materials, the pressure of each layer unit
Contracting rigidity gradient changes.
The structure of auxetic structure is upper coarse and lower fine, but the porosity or equal of each layer pull expansion unit, or different or gradient becomes
Change.The structure of auxetic structure material, so that porosity is different up and down, can also design and change in gradient because upper coarse and lower fine.
The material of fabric is rubber material, latex material, polyurethane-type thermoplastic elastomer, polyamide-type thermoplastic elasticity
Body, polyolefins thermoplastic elastomer, styrene analog thermoplastic elastomer or above-mentioned material combination；Wherein material therefor color
It is unlimited, can be diversified.
It can cut, bond and sew after the rigidity gradient auxetic materials molding being prepared, other use are made to facilitate
Product.
Rigidity gradient auxetic materials, with the difference of raw material property and laser cutting depth, material forming shape is different,
Purposes is different.When using flaky raw material, laser cutting scale is small, obtains two-dimentional fabric, can do business suit use, material is big
When scale cubic materials, laser cutting scale is big, obtains three-dimensional fabric, can do various padded coamings.
Rigidity gradient auxetic materials it is widely used, clothes, filtering, sound insulation, insole, sole, ballistic protective clothing, people can be used as
Body protective pad, safety cap and lining of helmet, Sofa cushion, safety chair seats of car, pillow, packaging material, anti-padded coaming etc..
Fig. 1 is two-dimentional indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic fabric schematic diagram, and Fig. 2 is three-dimensional indent hexagon rigidity gradient
Auxetic materials schematic diagram, Fig. 3 are indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic structure inside height increasing shoe pad schematic diagram, and Fig. 4 is indent hexagonal
The common insole schematic diagram of shape rigidity gradient auxetic structure, Fig. 5 are two-dimentional indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic materials low porosity
Simulation drawing is compressed in upper surface, and Fig. 6 is that simulation drawing is compressed in two-dimentional indent hexagon rigidity gradient auxetic materials high porosity upper surface,
Fig. 7 is that Two Dimensional Uniform gap indent hexagon auxetic materials compress simulation drawing.
Raw material and equipment in following embodiment 1-5 are that item is subsidized in state key research and development plan (2016YFC0802802)
Mesh.
Embodiment 1) 3 layer of four ligament tissue rigidity gradient antibacterial insoles；Embodiment 2) 5 layers of indent hexagon rigidity gradient are anti-
Bullet takes；Embodiment 3) 6 layers of star-like rigidity gradient sound insulating material；Embodiment 4) 20 layers of double-head arrow shape rigidity gradient helmet liner；It is real
Apply example 5) 3 layers of triangle rigidity gradient latex pillow.
Corresponding parameter setting, including the design of (1) model parameter, root are carried out to the component parts involved by 5 embodiments
According to the quality of final products, thickness requirement, the size to design a model；(2) selection of raw material, according to product, shape ruler
Very little, quality and performance requirement select raw material attribute；(3) selection of laser cutting machine parameter, according to product size, purposes and
Material performance selects corresponding parameters of laser cutting；(4) post-processing design, according to product usage, design fabric post-processing
Technique.The arrange parameter of the embodiment is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
It is step 1, different with purposes according to requiring, the material and shape and size of fabric are designed, make fabric that there is auxetic structure；
Step 2 is modeled with modeling software, and the model built up and data are imported in laser cutting machine；
Step 3 selects Incise the raw material according to purpose of design；
Step 4, according to purpose of design difference, molding material is carved to cutting and is post-processed, auxetic structure material is obtained.
2. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxetic knot
The auxetic structure pattern of structure includes indent honeycomb, star network, indent diamond shape, regular dodecahedron, triangle grid, center spin moment
Shape, center rotary triangle shape, center rotation tetrahedron, chiral honeycomb, center polygonal, hinged hexagon, hinged four sides
Shape, hinged triangle and combinations thereof.
3. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxetic knot
Structure is divided into different groups of units in the longitudinal direction, and every group of unit number of plies is different, and the thickness of same group of cellular construction is identical, single between different groups
The thickness of meta structure is different, so that overall structure shock resistance is more excellent.
4. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the unit
Ranging from 2-50 layers of the number of plies, the thickness ranging from micro-meter scale of the unit, 0.5-2000 microns of range；The auxetic structure material
The hole ratio of material is adjustable, ranging from 0%-95%.
5. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxetic knot
The fineness of the upper unit of structure and the fineness of lower unit have differences, and forms the compression stiffness and lower unit of upper unit
Compression stiffness is different, on the longitudinal direction of auxetic structure material, the compression stiffness graded of each layer unit.
6. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the auxetic knot
Structure is upper coarse and lower fine, the porosity of each layer unit or equal, or different or graded.
7. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fabric
Material is rubber material, latex material, polyurethane-type thermoplastic elastomer, polyamide-type thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefins heat
Thermoplastic elastic, styrene analog thermoplastic elastomer or above-mentioned material combination.
8. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxetic knot
Structure material can cut, bonds and sew, and other articles for use are made to facilitate；The post processing mode include coating plated film, dyeing,
Fire-retardant, antibacterial, anti pilling, antistatic, non-ironing, crease-resistant, water repellent oleophobic.
9. a kind of preparation method of rigidity gradient auxetic materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use fabric
The difference of material property and laser cutting depth, material forming shape is different, and purposes is different；When using flaky raw material, laser
It is small to cut scale, obtains two-dimentional fabric, does business suit use, when material large scale cubic materials, laser cutting scale is big, obtains
Three-dimensional fabric does various padded coamings.
10. the purposes for the rigidity gradient auxetic materials that preparation method according to claim 1 obtains, which is characterized in that use
In clothes, filtering, sound insulation, insole, sole, ballistic protective clothing, physical protection pad, safety cap and lining of helmet, Sofa cushion, automobile peace
Full seat, pillow, packaging material, anti-padded coaming.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109210054A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-15 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of nail and its design method with Negative poisson's ratio |
| CN110754887A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-07 | 南京工业大学 | Pillow with negative Poisson ratio effect and design method thereof |
| CN113771710A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Car seat based on cellular structure of interior concave hexagon negative poisson ratio |
| CN116254025A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-06-13 | 华润水泥技术研发有限公司 | Sound insulation coating containing negative poisson ratio particles and preparation method thereof |
| US11905651B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2024-02-20 | Swift Textile Metalizing LLC | Auxetic fabric reinforced elastomers |
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| US11905651B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2024-02-20 | Swift Textile Metalizing LLC | Auxetic fabric reinforced elastomers |
| CN113771710A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Car seat based on cellular structure of interior concave hexagon negative poisson ratio |
| CN116254025A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-06-13 | 华润水泥技术研发有限公司 | Sound insulation coating containing negative poisson ratio particles and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108642640B (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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