CN206781684U - A kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure - Google Patents
A kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure, it is made up of the negative poisson's ratio structure of Varying-thickness gradient, the negative poisson's ratio structure is to be formed by the indent hexagon unit cell of three-dimensional by array, on the longitudinal direction of automobile, it is dispersed with three layers of unit cell, thickness gradient between every layer is different, the Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure is between bumper exterior skin and bumper beam, and it is installed on by installing hole clipping on bumper crossbeam, mainly in car collision, play a part of energy-absorbing buffering.The invention also discloses a kind of automatic buffer endergonic structure design method of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio structure; according to design object and it can require to be designed the distribution character of the Varying-thickness gradient of negative poisson's ratio structure by multidisciplinary multiple target cooperative optimization method, the crash-worthiness of leg protection and vehicle body to goers outside vehicle plays the role of positive.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to vehicle passive safety field, more particularly to a kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer
Endergonic structure.
Background technology
Hyundai Motor develops towards direction that is information-based, intelligent, becoming more meticulous, and the detailed design of some automobiles is more next
More seem important.In order to reduce shocking damage of the automobile when head-on crash occurs suffered by vehicle body, the buffering energy-absorbing structure of automobile
It is used in bumper system for vehicles.As the requirement to pedestrains safety is increasingly paid attention to, buffering energy-absorbing structure is endowed again
The important task of pedestrian injury is reduced, so originally the buffering energy-absorbing structure made of foam had been difficult to meet the protection to pedestrian
It is required that.
In order that buffering energy-absorbing structure can meet the protection to body structure and the protection to pedestrian simultaneously, it is necessary to slow
The design of the material and structure progress of endergonic structure again is rushed, but receives the restriction of manufacturing cost, nowadays auto vendor
It is that design is optimized to buffering energy-absorbing structure by simple structure design, effect is often not ideal enough.So how not
Change buffering energy-absorbing structure material, and ensure crash-worthiness and it is light-weighted on the basis of, searching out one kind can reach to greatest extent
New structure to the effect of buffering energy-absorbing seems significant.
Utility model content
The utility model is directed to deficiency in existing automatic buffer endergonic structure design process, it is proposed that a kind of Varying-thickness gradient
Negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure.Automatic buffer endergonic structure in the utility model can not change endergonic structure base
On the basis of body material, while reach the protection to automotive body structure and the protection to pedestrian；And by of the present utility model
Multidisciplinary multiple target cooperative optimization method can be special according to the distribution of design object and requirement to the Varying-thickness of negative poisson's ratio structure
Property is designed, and the crash-worthiness of leg protection and vehicle body to goers outside vehicle plays the role of positive.
The utility model uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure, bears Poisson comprising first to third layer from outside to inside
Than structure, every layer of negative poisson's ratio structure forms by the indent hexagon unit cell array of three-dimensional；
The automatic buffer endergonic structure is arranged between bumper exterior skin and bumper beam, passes through installation card
Hole is fixed on bumper crossbeam；
Described first to third layer negative poisson's ratio structure unit cell thickness in the rule distribution for becoming gradient, the second layer bears Poisson
The ratio between thickness than unit cell in structure and first layer negative poisson's ratio structure is default first gradient t, third layer negative poisson's ratio knot
The ratio between thickness of unit cell is default second gradient tt in structure and second layer negative poisson's ratio structure.
As a kind of further prioritization scheme of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure of the utility model,
The automatic buffer endergonic structure is in circular arc body, its inner side profile be central angle be 7.5 degree, longitudinal radius is 2218mm, vertical
Highly it is 92mm arc surface；Lateral profile is the arc surface that central angle is 8 degree, radius 2300mm, vertical height are 92mm.
As a kind of further prioritization scheme of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure of the utility model,
In the first layer negative poisson's ratio structure bottom side length a of three-dimensional indent hexagon unit cell be 14mm, the angle theta of base and hypotenuse be
65deg, height h are 10mm, first gradient t is that the 1.2, second gradient tt is 1.5.
The invention also discloses a kind of optimization based on the Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure
Method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1), in ISIGHT, build multidisciplinary multiple target collaboration Optimization Framework：
The multidisciplinary multiple target collaboration Optimization Framework includes main subject, the first sub- subject and the second sub- subject, wherein, institute
It is lightweight subject to state main subject, and the first sub- subject is pedestrains safety subject, and the second sub- subject is branch of mechanics；
The design variable of the main subject, the first sub- subject and the second sub- subject is the base of negative poisson's ratio structure unit cell
Long a, the angle theta on base and hypotenuse, height h, first gradient t, the second gradient tt；
Step 2), using calf shank acceleration, knee joint bending angle, knee joint shear displacemant as design optimization target, knot
Orthogonal experiment design and second-order response surface agent model method are closed, design optimization target is carried out using archipelago genetic algorithm
Optimization, obtains optimal solution, and Caro technology is held in the palm followed by covering, and carries out robust error estimator to pedestrains safety subject, obtains
The design variable parametric solution of optimal pedestrains safety subject；
Step 3), energy, compression displacement are absorbed as optimization design target using automatic buffer endergonic structure, with reference to optimal Latin
Hypercube experimental design method, kriging agent models method, second order analysis method for reliability, population genetic algorithm are to power
Learn subject and carry out robust error estimator, obtain the design variable parametric solution of optimal branch of mechanics；
Step 4), using the quality of automatic buffer endergonic structure as design general objective, using NSGA-II algorithms to automatic buffer
Endergonic structure optimizes, and obtains final design variable.
It is further as a kind of optimization method of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure of the utility model
Scheme, the step 2) includes step in detailed below：
Step 2.1), choose bottom side length a, the angle theta on base and hypotenuse, the height of the unit cell member of first layer negative poisson's ratio structure
H and first gradient t, the second gradient tt are spent as design variable；
Step 2.2), according to orthogonal experimental method, 4 design water are chosen to each design variable described in step 2.1)
It is flat, and develop L32 orthogonal design tables；
Step 2.3), 32 groups of design variable parameters in orthogonal design table, establishes 32 groups of geometry moulds in CATIA
Type, the regulation of automobile is hit according to pedestrian shank in regulation GTR 9,32 groups of shank collision automobiles are established in LSDYNA softwares to be had
Meta-model is limited, and 32 groups of calf shank acceleration, knee joint bending angle and knee joint shear displacemant is obtained through solving；
Step 2.4), with the bottom side length a of unit cell member of negative poisson's ratio structure, the angle theta on base and hypotenuse, height h, first
Gradient t, the second gradient tt are input, using shank acceleration, knee joint bending angle, knee joint shear displacemant as output, establish three
Individual second order polynomial response surface agent model；
Step 2.5), by means of root-mean-square error RMSEThe response surface model precision of construction is judged, if RMSEIt is small
In equal to 0.1, precision reaches requirement, continues executing with step 2.6), and step 2.1) is performed conversely, redirecting；
The root-mean-square error RMSECalculation formula be：
In formula, ε2 iIt is the error of i-th of estimation point；N is the number of estimation point；
Step 2.6), design object is optimized using archipelago genetic algorithm, obtain initial optimal solution, it is basic herein
On, Caro technology is held in the palm by means of covering, the reliability of initial optimal solution is assessed, if the reliable σ of sexual satisfaction 6 requirements, you can
It is more than or equal to 99.9999999% by property, then the robust error estimator of pedestrains safety subject is completed, conversely, then performing step
2.7)；
Step 2.7), on the basis of the initial optimal solution that step 2.6) obtains, using archipelago genetic algorithm, pedestrian is pacified
Full subject carries out 6 σ Robust Optimization multiple-objection optimizations, finally gives pedestrains safety subject multiple target Robust Optimization optimal solution.
It is further as a kind of optimization method of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure of the utility model
Scheme, the step 3) includes step in detailed below：
Step 3.1), using optimal Latin hypercube experimental design method, with the unit cell member of first layer negative poisson's ratio structure
Bottom side length a, angle theta, height h and the first gradient t on base and hypotenuse, the second gradient tt as design variable, choose 40
Group design parameter；
Step 3.2), in CATIA, establish the geometry knot of 40 groups of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structures
Structure, and according to the regulation of pedestrian shank shock automobile in regulation GTR 9,40 groups of shanks collision automobile finite elements are established in LSDYNA
Model, 40 groups of automatic buffer endergonic structures absorption energy corresponding with design variable and compression displacement are obtained through solving；
Step 3.3), with the bottom side length a of the unit cell member of first layer negative poisson's ratio structure, angle theta, the height on base and hypotenuse
H, and first gradient t, the second gradient tt are input, absorb energy, compression displacement to be defeated using automatic buffer endergonic structure respectively
Go out to establish two kriging agent models；
Step 3.4), by means of absolute relative error Average, maximum relative absolute value error Max and coefficient correlation
RG2Three indexs are judged two kriging agent model precision, if Average and Max is less than or equal to 0.01 and RG2
More than or equal to 0.9, illustrate that precision reaches requirement, continue executing with step 3.5), step 3.1) is performed conversely, redirecting；
Described Average, Max, RG2Calculation formula is respectively：
Wherein, m is sample points, and j is j-th of sample point, yjFor the finite element analysis value of j-th of sample point,For jth
The response surface model calculated value of individual sample point,For the finite element analysis average of all sample points；
Step 3.5), using particle cluster algorithm, multiple-objection optimization is carried out to design object, obtains initial optimal solution, then
With second order reliability (SORM), 6 σ robustness multiple-objection optimizations are carried out to branch of mechanics, the multiple target for obtaining branch of mechanics is steady
Strong property optimization optimal solution；
Step 3.6), obtained initial optimal solution reliability is assessed, if the reliable σ of sexual satisfaction 6 requirements, you can lean on
Property be more than or equal to 99.9999999%, then complete branch of mechanics robust error estimator, conversely, then perform step 3.7)；
Step 3.7), on the basis of the initial optimal solution that step 3.6) obtains, using particle cluster algorithm, to branch of mechanics
6 σ Robust Optimization multiple-objection optimizations are carried out, finally give branch of mechanics multiple target Robust Optimization optimal solution.
It is further as a kind of optimization method of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure of the utility model
Scheme, the formula for asking Caro method to carry out fail-safe analysis use with covering in the step 2.6) is as follows：
In formula, PrFor reliability, PfFor crash rate, u samples obtained failure number of samples, and U is total sample point number.
It is further as a kind of optimization method of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure of the utility model
Scheme, Second Order Reliability calculates reliability by means of below equation in the step 3.5)：
In formula, Pr ' is reliability；Pf' it is crash rate；Φ is Standard Normal Distribution；β obeys single order reliability side
Method；T is sample points, and s is s-th of sample point, ksIt is standardized normal distribution space failure face curvature criterion.
The utility model compared with prior art, has following technique effect using above technical scheme：
1. the utility model discloses a kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure, the endergonic structure be by
Negative poisson's ratio structure is formed, and make use of thickness gradient theoretical, can take into account protection to automotive body structure and right simultaneously
The protection of pedestrian；
2. design method of the present utility model employs the optimization method of multidisciplinary multiple target, solves pedestrains safety subject
With the antagonistic relations of two subjects of branch of mechanics, and by light-weighted main subject, light-weighted effect is reached.Wherein to row
People's safety discipline and branch of mechanics have carried out independent robust error estimator, and the optimum results for obtaining two sub- subjects are credible
Degree is high, it is noted that the stability entirely designed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure signal that the utility model embodiment provides
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the thickness gradient distribution schematic diagram for the negative poisson's ratio structure that the utility model embodiment provides；
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional indent hexagon unit cell schematic diagram for the negative poisson's ratio structure that the utility model embodiment provides；
Fig. 4 is a kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure optimization that the utility model embodiment provides
The schematic flow sheet of method.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in figure 1, the utility model discloses a kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure, automobile
Buffering energy-absorbing structure is from outside to inside comprising first to third layer negative poisson's ratio structure, and every layer of negative poisson's ratio structure is by three-dimensional
Recessed hexagon unit cell array forms.
Automatic buffer endergonic structure is arranged between bumper exterior skin and bumper beam, is consolidated by installing hole clipping
Due on bumper crossbeam.
As shown in Fig. 2 first to third layer negative poisson's ratio structure unit cell thickness in become gradient rule distribution, the second layer
The ratio between thickness of unit cell is default first gradient t in negative poisson's ratio structure and first layer negative poisson's ratio structure, and third layer is negative to moor
Pine is default second gradient tt than the ratio between thickness of unit cell in structure and second layer negative poisson's ratio structure.
Automatic buffer endergonic structure is in circular arc body, its inner side profile be central angle be 7.5 degree, longitudinal radius be 2218mm,
Vertical height is 92mm arc surface；Lateral profile is the circle that central angle is 8 degree, radius 2300mm, vertical height are 92mm
Cambered surface.
When the utility model is mainly used in car collision, Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio energy-absorbing buffering effect is utilized
The good, characteristic of light weight, all plays a part of protection to goers outside vehicle leg and vehicle body.
As shown in figure 3, the bottom side length a of three-dimensional indent hexagon unit cell is 14mm, base in first layer negative poisson's ratio structure
Angle theta with hypotenuse is 65deg, height h is 10mm, first gradient t is that the 1.2, second gradient tt is 1.5.
As shown in figure 4, the invention also discloses a kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure
Optimization Design, comprise the following steps that,
Step 1), in ISIGHT, build multidisciplinary multiple target collaboration Optimization Framework：
The multidisciplinary multiple target collaboration Optimization Framework includes main subject, the first sub- subject and the second sub- subject, wherein, institute
It is lightweight subject to state main subject, and the first sub- subject is pedestrains safety subject, and the second sub- subject is branch of mechanics；
The design variable of the main subject, the first sub- subject and the second sub- subject is the base of negative poisson's ratio structure unit cell
Long a, the angle theta on base and hypotenuse, height h, first gradient t, the second gradient tt；
Step 2), using calf shank acceleration, knee joint bending angle, knee joint shear displacemant as design optimization target, knot
Orthogonal experiment design and second-order response surface agent model method are closed, design optimization target is carried out using archipelago genetic algorithm
Optimization, obtains optimal solution, and Caro technology is held in the palm followed by covering, and carries out robust error estimator to pedestrains safety subject, obtains
The design variable parametric solution of optimal pedestrains safety subject；
Step 3), energy, compression displacement are absorbed as optimization design target using automatic buffer endergonic structure, with reference to optimal Latin
Hypercube experimental design method, kriging agent models method, second order analysis method for reliability, population genetic algorithm are to power
Learn subject and carry out robust error estimator, obtain the design variable parametric solution of optimal branch of mechanics；
Step 4), using the quality of automatic buffer endergonic structure as design general objective, using NSGA-II algorithms to automatic buffer
Endergonic structure optimizes, and obtains final design variable.
The step 2) includes step in detailed below：
Step 2.1), choose bottom side length a, the angle theta on base and hypotenuse, the height of the unit cell member of first layer negative poisson's ratio structure
H and first gradient t, the second gradient tt are spent as design variable；
Step 2.2), according to orthogonal experimental method, 4 design water are chosen to each design variable described in step 2.1)
It is flat, and develop L32 orthogonal design tables；
Step 2.3), 32 groups of design variable parameters in orthogonal design table, establishes 32 groups of geometry moulds in CATIA
Type, the regulation of automobile is hit according to pedestrian shank in regulation GTR 9,32 groups of shank collision automobiles are established in LSDYNA softwares to be had
Meta-model is limited, and 32 groups of calf shank acceleration, knee joint bending angle and knee joint shear displacemant is obtained through solving；
Step 2.4), with the bottom side length a of unit cell member of negative poisson's ratio structure, the angle theta on base and hypotenuse, height h, first
Gradient t, the second gradient tt are input, using shank acceleration, knee joint bending angle, knee joint shear displacemant as output, establish three
Individual second order polynomial response surface agent model；
Step 2.5), by means of root-mean-square error RMSEThe response surface model precision of construction is judged, if RMSEIt is small
In equal to 0.1, precision reaches requirement, continues executing with step 2.6), and step 2.1) is performed conversely, redirecting；
The root-mean-square error RMSECalculation formula be：
In formula, ε2 iIt is the error of i-th of estimation point；N is the number of estimation point；
Step 2.6), design object is optimized using archipelago genetic algorithm, obtain initial optimal solution, it is basic herein
On, Caro technology is held in the palm by means of covering, the reliability of initial optimal solution is assessed, if the reliable σ of sexual satisfaction 6 requirements, you can
It is more than or equal to 99.9999999% by property, then the robust error estimator of pedestrains safety subject is completed, conversely, then performing step
2.7)；
Step 2.7), on the basis of the initial optimal solution that step 2.6) obtains, using archipelago genetic algorithm, pedestrian is pacified
Full subject carries out 6 σ Robust Optimization multiple-objection optimizations, finally gives pedestrains safety subject multiple target Robust Optimization optimal solution.
The step 3) includes step in detailed below：
Step 3.1), using optimal Latin hypercube experimental design method, with the unit cell member of first layer negative poisson's ratio structure
Bottom side length a, angle theta, height h and the first gradient t on base and hypotenuse, the second gradient tt as design variable, choose 40
Group design parameter；
Step 3.2), in CATIA, establish the geometry knot of 40 groups of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structures
Structure, and according to the regulation of pedestrian shank shock automobile in regulation GTR 9,40 groups of shanks collision automobile finite elements are established in LSDYNA
Model, 40 groups of automatic buffer endergonic structures absorption energy corresponding with design variable and compression displacement are obtained through solving；
Step 3.3), with the bottom side length a of the unit cell member of first layer negative poisson's ratio structure, angle theta, the height on base and hypotenuse
H, and first gradient t, the second gradient tt are input, absorb energy, compression displacement to be defeated using automatic buffer endergonic structure respectively
Go out to establish two kriging agent models；
Step 3.4), by means of absolute relative error Average, maximum relative absolute value error Max and coefficient correlation
RG2Three indexs are judged two kriging agent model precision, if Average and Max is less than or equal to 0.01 and RG2
More than or equal to 0.9, illustrate that precision reaches requirement, continue executing with step 3.5), step 3.1) is performed conversely, redirecting；
Described Average, Max, RG2Calculation formula is respectively：
Wherein, m is sample points, and j is j-th of sample point, yjFor the finite element analysis value of j-th of sample point,For jth
The response surface model calculated value of individual sample point,For the finite element analysis average of all sample points；
Step 3.5), using particle cluster algorithm, multiple-objection optimization is carried out to design object, obtains initial optimal solution, then
With second order reliability (SORM), 6 σ robustness multiple-objection optimizations are carried out to branch of mechanics, the multiple target for obtaining branch of mechanics is steady
Strong property optimization optimal solution；
Step 3.6), obtained initial optimal solution reliability is assessed, if the reliable σ of sexual satisfaction 6 requirements, you can lean on
Property be more than or equal to 99.9999999%, then complete branch of mechanics robust error estimator, conversely, then perform step 3.7)；
Step 3.7), on the basis of the initial optimal solution that step 3.6) obtains, using particle cluster algorithm, to branch of mechanics
6 σ Robust Optimization multiple-objection optimizations are carried out, finally give branch of mechanics multiple target Robust Optimization optimal solution.
The formula for asking Caro method to carry out fail-safe analysis use with covering in the step 2.6) is as follows：
In formula, PrFor reliability, PfFor crash rate, u samples obtained failure number of samples, and U is total sample point number.
Second Order Reliability calculates reliability by means of below equation in the step 3.5)：
In formula：Pr ' is reliability；Pf' it is crash rate；Φ is Standard Normal Distribution；β obeys single order reliability side
Method；T is sample points, and s is s-th of sample point, ksIt is standardized normal distribution space failure face curvature criterion.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are it is understood that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including skill
Art term and scientific terminology) have and anticipated with the general understanding identical of the those of ordinary skill in the utility model art
Justice.It should also be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood that with upper with prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning hereinafter, and unless defined as here, will not with the implication of idealization or overly formal come
Explain.
Above-described embodiment, the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effect are entered
One step describes in detail, should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the present utility model, is not used to limit
The utility model processed, all within the spirit and principles of the utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc.,
It should be included within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure, it is characterised in that the automatic buffer endergonic structure From outside to inside comprising first to third layer negative poisson's ratio structure, every layer of negative poisson's ratio structure is by three-dimensional indent hexagon unit cell Array forms；The automatic buffer endergonic structure is arranged between bumper exterior skin and bumper beam, is consolidated by installing hole clipping Due on bumper crossbeam；Described first to third layer negative poisson's ratio structure unit cell thickness in become gradient rule distribution, second layer negative poisson's ratio knot The ratio between thickness of unit cell is default first gradient t in structure and first layer negative poisson's ratio structure, third layer negative poisson's ratio structure and The ratio between thickness of unit cell is default second gradient tt in second layer negative poisson's ratio structure.
- 2. Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vapour Car buffering energy-absorbing structure is in circular arc body, its inner side profile be central angle be 7.5 degree, longitudinal radius is 2218mm, vertical height is 92mm arc surface；Lateral profile is the arc surface that central angle is 8 degree, radius 2300mm, vertical height are 92mm.
- A kind of 3. Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The bottom side length a for stating three-dimensional indent hexagon unit cell in first layer negative poisson's ratio structure is 14mm, the angle theta of base and hypotenuse is 65deg, height h are 10mm, first gradient t is that the 1.2, second gradient tt is 1.5.
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| CN108082102A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-29 | 南京理工大学 | Negative Poisson ratio structural component based on indent hexagonal cells |
| CN108266480A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-10 | 长安大学 | A kind of gradient depth cutting buffering energy-absorbing element and preparation method thereof |
| CN108642640A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-12 | 东华大学 | A kind of preparation method and purposes of rigidity gradient auxetic materials |
| CN111361630A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-03 | 大连理工大学 | Automobile crumple type energy-absorbing steering column with gradient multi-cell structure |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108266480A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-10 | 长安大学 | A kind of gradient depth cutting buffering energy-absorbing element and preparation method thereof |
| CN108082102A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-29 | 南京理工大学 | Negative Poisson ratio structural component based on indent hexagonal cells |
| CN108082102B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2023-08-18 | 南京理工大学 | Negative poisson ratio structural component based on concave hexagonal unit |
| CN108642640A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-12 | 东华大学 | A kind of preparation method and purposes of rigidity gradient auxetic materials |
| CN111361630A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-03 | 大连理工大学 | Automobile crumple type energy-absorbing steering column with gradient multi-cell structure |
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