CN105763087A - Single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105763087A CN105763087A CN201610246182.XA CN201610246182A CN105763087A CN 105763087 A CN105763087 A CN 105763087A CN 201610246182 A CN201610246182 A CN 201610246182A CN 105763087 A CN105763087 A CN 105763087A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and a control method thereof. The single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter comprises a photovoltaic cell array module, 6 controllable switch tubes, 2 diodes and 2 inductors. The control method of the single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter enables the common mode voltage of the inverter during the overall working period is equal to or is approximate to half of the cell voltage, so that the voltage at two ends of the photovoltaic system grounding stray capacitor has no high frequency components and then the leak current of the non-isolated grid-connected inverter can be eliminated. Only two of the 6 controllable switch tubes in the circuit works in the high frequency mode at any moment, so that the switch loss can be effectively reduced and the conversion frequency can be improved. The single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and the control method thereof are suitable for the photovoltaic grid-connected occasion without isolation of transformers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the adverser control technology in Technics of Power Electronic Conversion field, especially one single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method thereof.
Background technology
Non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter has that efficiency height, volume be little, lightweight and the absolute advantages such as cost is low.But the existence due to photovoltaic battery panel parasitic capacitance over the ground so that when the switch motion of combining inverter switching device is likely to produce high frequency, time variant voltage acts on parasitic capacitance, consequent leakage current is likely to exceed allowed band.The generation of high-frequency leakage current also can bring conduction and radiation interference, grid current harmonic wave and loss to increase, and even threatens equipment and personal safety.
Single-phase full-bridge inverter SPWM modulator approach generally can be divided into unipolarity modulation and bipolar modulation.The single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter adopting unipolarity modulation has that output voltage ripple is little, conversion efficiency high, but the program exists bigger leakage current；Although adopting bipolar modulation method can suppress leakage current, but output voltage ripple and switching loss be bigger than unipolarity modulation, thus causing that filter inductance is big, system effectiveness is low.Solve the scheme of leakage current at present mainly by changing inverter topology, including DC side earthing, dc bypass method and alternating current bypass method etc..
DC side earthing: the method is generally adopted half-bridge circuit, by two electric capacity neutral earthings of DC side so that photovoltaic system parasitic capacitance both end voltage over the ground maintains 1/2nd of DC voltage, thus reaching to suppress the purpose of leakage current.But the method requires that DC voltage is higher, is usually the twice of full-bridge circuit, it is necessary to higher pressure switching device, adds system cost.
Dc bypass method and alternating current bypass method: the core concept of this type of method is to improve on the basis of single-phase full bridge circuit, while realizing unipolarity modulation by addition auxiliary switch, keep system common-mode voltage constant, thus reaching to suppress the purpose of leakage current.
Patent EP1369985A2 proposes to add the continuous current circuit that two-way gate-controlled switch set constructor is new between full-bridge circuit brachium pontis midpoint；Patent US7411802B2 only introduces a HF switch at photovoltaic cell side anode, and the equally possible freewheeling period photovoltaic cell end that realizes departs from electrical network, but current path exists three switching devices all the time, and on-state loss is big.And according to full-bridge circuit high-frequency equivalent models, in order to eliminate the high frequency common mode voltage that Unipolar SPWM modulation produces, the continuous current circuit voltage clamping half at photovoltaic cell input voltage of freewheeling period must be made, leakage current so just can be made to eliminate, not simply make photovoltaic battery panel depart from electrical network.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of efficiency height, reduction switching loss, the single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter reducing electromagnetic interference and control method thereof.
For achieving the above object, have employed techniques below scheme: inverter of the present invention mainly includes photovoltaic battery array module, controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3, controlled tr tube S4, controlled tr tube S5, controlled tr tube S6, diode D1, diode D2, inductance L1With inductance L2, photovoltaic battery array module is connected with dc bus as DC source, the positive terminal of dc bus and controlled tr tube S1Colelctor electrode, controlled tr tube S3Colelctor electrode connect respectively；Controlled tr tube S1Emitter stage respectively with controlled tr tube S6Colelctor electrode, diode D1Negative pole, inductance L1One end be connected, inductance L1The other end is connected with the positive terminal of electrical network；Controlled tr tube S6Emitter stage respectively with controlled tr tube S2Colelctor electrode, diode D2Positive pole be connected；Controlled tr tube S3Emitter stage respectively with diode D2Negative pole, controlled tr tube S4Colelctor electrode, controlled tr tube S5Colelctor electrode, inductance L2One end be connected, inductance L2The other end be connected with the negative pole end of electrical network；Controlled tr tube S5Emitter stage and diode D1Positive pole be connected；The negative pole end of dc bus respectively with controlled tr tube S2Emitter stage, controlled tr tube S4Emitter stage be connected.
The control method of single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter of the present invention, it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, in line voltage positive half period, controlled tr tube S5Constantly on, controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4Simultaneously turn on or turn off, controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3With controlled tr tube S6Turn off always；SPWM modulator approach is adopted to control controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4On or off, as controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4During conducting, the circulation path of grid-connected current is dc bus positive terminal → controlled tr tube S1→ inductance L1→ electrical network → inductance L2→ controlled tr tube S4→ dc bus negative pole end → dc bus positive terminal；As controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4During shutoff, the circulation path of grid-connected current is node " a " → inductance L1→ electrical network → inductance L2→ controlled tr tube S5→ diode D1→ node " a "；
Step 2, in line voltage negative half-cycle, controlled tr tube S6Constantly on, controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3Simultaneously turn on or turn off, and controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4With controlled tr tube S5Turn off always；SPWM modulator approach is adopted to control controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3On or off, as controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3During conducting, the circulation path of grid-connected current is dc bus positive terminal → controlled tr tube S3→ inductance L2→ electrical network → inductance L1→ controlled tr tube S6→ controlled tr tube S2→ dc bus negative pole end → dc bus positive terminal；As controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3During shutoff, the circulation path of grid-connected current is node " b " → inductance L2→ electrical network → inductance L1→ controlled tr tube S6→ diode D2→ node " b ".
Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that
1, described combining inverter output voltage three level, it is possible to effectively reduce inductance volume and size, reduces inductive current ripple.
2, this topology and control method can ensure that common-mode voltage is constant, thus effectively suppressing leakage current.
3, synchronization only has two controlled tr tube high-frequency works, reduces switching loss and electromagnetic interference.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of inverter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the switch control logic figure of inverter of the present invention.
When Fig. 3 is line voltage positive half period, controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4With controlled tr tube S5Simultaneously turn on, the lateral electrical network transmission power circuit diagram of direct current.
When Fig. 4 is line voltage positive half period, controlled tr tube S5Conducting and diode D1Turn on and controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4Electrical network freewheeling circuit figure during shutoff.
When Fig. 5 is line voltage negative half-cycle, controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3With controlled tr tube S6Simultaneously turn on, the lateral electrical network transmission power circuit diagram of direct current.
When Fig. 6 is line voltage negative half-cycle, controlled tr tube S6Conducting and diode D2Turn on and controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3Electrical network freewheeling circuit figure during shutoff.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:
As it is shown in figure 1, inverter of the present invention mainly includes photovoltaic battery array module, controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3, controlled tr tube S4, controlled tr tube S5, controlled tr tube S6, diode D1, diode D2, inductance L1With inductance L2, photovoltaic battery array module is connected with dc bus as DC source, the positive terminal of dc bus and controlled tr tube S1Colelctor electrode, controlled tr tube S3Colelctor electrode connect respectively；Controlled tr tube S1Emitter stage respectively with controlled tr tube S6Colelctor electrode, diode D1Negative pole, inductance L1One end be connected, inductance L1The other end is connected with the positive terminal of electrical network；Controlled tr tube S6Emitter stage respectively with controlled tr tube S2Colelctor electrode, diode D2Positive pole be connected；Controlled tr tube S3Emitter stage respectively with diode D2Negative pole, controlled tr tube S4Colelctor electrode, controlled tr tube S5Colelctor electrode, inductance L2One end be connected, inductance L2The other end be connected with the negative pole end of electrical network；Controlled tr tube S5Emitter stage and diode D1Positive pole be connected；The negative pole end of dc bus respectively with controlled tr tube S2Emitter stage, controlled tr tube S4Emitter stage be connected.By suitable control method, it is ensured that grid-connected current and grid-connected voltage are with frequency homophase, it is achieved unity power factor is incorporated into the power networks.CpvFor the parasitic capacitance between photovoltaic battery array module and the earth, the factor such as its capacitance and environmental condition, photovoltaic battery array module size structure is relevant, is generally about 50～150nF/kW.
In Fig. 2, when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention is operated in line voltage positive half period, controlled tr tube S5Constantly on, controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4Simultaneously turn on or turn off, and controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3With controlled tr tube S6Turn off always；SPWM modulator approach is adopted to control controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4On or off.When being operated in line voltage negative half-cycle, controlled tr tube S6Constantly on, controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3Simultaneously turn on or turn off, and controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4With controlled tr tube S5Turn off always；SPWM modulator approach is adopted to control controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3On or off.
In Fig. 3, when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention is operated in line voltage positive half period, controlled tr tube S5Constantly on, controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4Simultaneously turn on or turn off, and controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3With controlled tr tube S6Turn off always；SPWM modulator approach is adopted to control controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4On or off.As controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4During conducting,Namely photovoltaic system parasitic capacitance both end voltage isAnd Uan=Udc, Ubn=0, then common-mode voltage Ucm=Udc/2。
In Fig. 4, as controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4During shutoff,Namely photovoltaic system parasitic capacitance both end voltage isAnd Uan=Udc, Ubn=Udc, then common-mode voltage Ucm=Udc/ 2, so during line voltage positive half period, common-mode voltage is constant.
In Fig. 5, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention is operated in line voltage negative half-cycle, controlled tr tube S6Constantly on, controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3Simultaneously turn on or turn off, and controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4With controlled tr tube S5Turn off always；SPWM modulator approach is adopted to control controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3On or off.As controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3With controlled tr tube S6During conducting,Namely photovoltaic system parasitic capacitance both end voltage isAnd Uan=0, Ubn=Udc, then common-mode voltage Ucm=Udc/2。
In Fig. 6, as controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3Shutoff, controlled tr tube S6During conducting,Namely photovoltaic system parasitic capacitance both end voltage isAnd Uan=Udc, Ubn=Udc, then common-mode voltage Ucm=Udc/ 2, so during line voltage negative half-cycle, common-mode voltage is constant.
According to above-mentioned analysis it can be seen that without high fdrequency component in photovoltaic system parasitic capacitance both end voltage over the ground, owing to system leakage current isThis topology known and control program thereof can effectively reduce leakage current.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described; not the scope of the present invention is defined; under the premise designing spirit without departing from the present invention; various deformation that technical scheme is made by those of ordinary skill in the art and improvement, all should fall in the protection domain that claims of the present invention is determined.
Claims (2)
1. a single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, mainly includes photovoltaic battery array module, controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3, controlled tr tube S4, controlled tr tube S5, controlled tr tube S6, diode D1, diode D2, inductance L1With inductance L2, photovoltaic battery array module is connected with dc bus as DC source, it is characterised in that: the positive terminal of dc bus and controlled tr tube S1Colelctor electrode, controlled tr tube S3Colelctor electrode connect respectively；Controlled tr tube S1Emitter stage respectively with controlled tr tube S6Colelctor electrode, diode D1Negative pole, inductance L1One end be connected, inductance L1The other end is connected with the positive terminal of electrical network；Controlled tr tube S6Emitter stage respectively with controlled tr tube S2Colelctor electrode, diode D2Positive pole be connected；Controlled tr tube S3Emitter stage respectively with diode D2Negative pole, controlled tr tube S4Colelctor electrode, controlled tr tube S5Colelctor electrode, inductance L2One end be connected, inductance L2The other end be connected with the negative pole end of electrical network；Controlled tr tube S5Emitter stage and diode D1Positive pole be connected；The negative pole end of dc bus respectively with controlled tr tube S2Emitter stage, controlled tr tube S4Emitter stage be connected.
2. the control method based on single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter described in claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically comprising the following steps that of described control method
Step 1, in line voltage positive half period, controlled tr tube S5Constantly on, controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4Simultaneously turn on or turn off, controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3With controlled tr tube S6Turn off always；SPWM modulator approach is adopted to control controlled tr tube S1With controlled tr tube S4On or off, as controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4During conducting, the circulation path of grid-connected current is dc bus positive terminal → controlled tr tube S1→ inductance L1→ electrical network → inductance L2→ controlled tr tube S4→ dc bus negative pole end → dc bus positive terminal；As controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4During shutoff, the circulation path of grid-connected current is node " a " → inductance L1→ electrical network → inductance L2→ controlled tr tube S5→ diode D1→ node " a "；
Step 2, in line voltage negative half-cycle, controlled tr tube S6Constantly on, controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3Simultaneously turn on or turn off, and controlled tr tube S1, controlled tr tube S4With controlled tr tube S5Turn off always；SPWM modulator approach is adopted to control controlled tr tube S2With controlled tr tube S3On or off, as controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3During conducting, the circulation path of grid-connected current is dc bus positive terminal → controlled tr tube S3→ inductance L2→ electrical network → inductance L1→ controlled tr tube S6→ controlled tr tube S2→ dc bus negative pole end → dc bus positive terminal；As controlled tr tube S2, controlled tr tube S3During shutoff, the circulation path of grid-connected current is node " b " → inductance L2→ electrical network → inductance L1→ controlled tr tube S6→ diode D2→ node " b ".
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| CN201610246182.XA CN105763087A (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2016-04-20 | Single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method thereof |
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| CN201610246182.XA CN105763087A (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2016-04-20 | Single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1369985A2 (en) * | 2002-05-15 | 2003-12-10 | Frauenhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Inverter for transforming a DC voltage into an AC current or an AC voltage |
| CN202930961U (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-05-08 | 西安理工大学 | Single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected power generation circuit with constant common-mode voltage |
| CN103972906A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-08-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Reactive power control method of non-isolated single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter |
-
2016
- 2016-04-20 CN CN201610246182.XA patent/CN105763087A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1369985A2 (en) * | 2002-05-15 | 2003-12-10 | Frauenhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Inverter for transforming a DC voltage into an AC current or an AC voltage |
| CN202930961U (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-05-08 | 西安理工大学 | Single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected power generation circuit with constant common-mode voltage |
| CN103972906A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-08-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Reactive power control method of non-isolated single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王建华，等: "单相非隔离光伏并网逆变器拓扑研究", 《太阳能学报》 * |
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