CN102684533A - Neutral point voltage control method for neutral point clamped (NPC) type three-level inverter based on carrier amplitude shift - Google Patents

Neutral point voltage control method for neutral point clamped (NPC) type three-level inverter based on carrier amplitude shift Download PDF

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CN102684533A
CN102684533A CN2012101402690A CN201210140269A CN102684533A CN 102684533 A CN102684533 A CN 102684533A CN 2012101402690 A CN2012101402690 A CN 2012101402690A CN 201210140269 A CN201210140269 A CN 201210140269A CN 102684533 A CN102684533 A CN 102684533A
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程善美
龚博
宁博文
刘江
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Guangdong Sigu Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4833—Capacitor voltage balancing

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Abstract

The NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method based on carrier wave amplitude shift that the invention discloses a kind of, specifically: enable the amplitude of the upper and lower carrier wave of NPC type three-level inverter be expressed as 1+K × m and 1-K × m, K is carrier amplitude adjustment factor, m is modulation ratio, by adjusting carrier amplitude adjustment factor in real time to adjust carrier amplitude, the carrier wave obtained after amplitude is adjusted is compared output pwm signal with modulating wave. The adjusting method of K are as follows:
Figure DDA00001614868900011
When, if Unp is greater than Udc/2, -1≤K ＜ 0, if Unp is equal to Udc/2, K=0, if Unp is less than Udc/2,0 K≤1 ＜;
Figure DDA00001614868900012
When, if Unp is greater than Udc/2,0 K≤1 ＜, if Unp is equal to Udc/2, K=0, if Unp is less than Udc/2, -1≤K ＜ 0; Wherein,
Figure DDA00001614868900013
For power-factor angle, Unp is inverter mid-point voltage, and Udc is DC bus-bar voltage. The present invention is constant by keeping modulating wave and upper and lower carrier frequency, changes the amplitude of carrier wave up and down, and the balance of Lai Shixian midpoint potential, this method is simple with calculating, and realizes easy advantage.

Description

A kind of NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, be specifically related to a kind of NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth.
Background technology
Compare with traditional two-level inverter; Diode clamp formula (NPC) three-level inverter has the advantage low to switch device withstand voltage class requirement, that equivalent switching frequency is high, the output waveform harmonic wave is little, therefore in the high-power translation circuit of mesohigh, is widely used.But the midpoint potential equilibrium problem intrinsic outstanding problem that is it.The imbalance of midpoint potential will improve the harmonic wave of output voltage, but also can damage switching device and filter capacitor.
The dc-link capacitance parameter is inconsistent, and laod unbalance and different modulation strategies might cause that all mid-point voltage is uneven.The control strategy of neutral point voltage balance mainly contains two kinds at present: a kind of space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method that is based on space vector, another kind are to inject sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) method of zero-sequence component.In the SVPWM modulator approach; Be the most frequently used mid-point voltage control method the action time of redistributing redundant small vector; But this method balanced capacity is limited, and the relation of redundant vector and mid-point voltage is also very complicated, simultaneously SVPWM method complex algorithm; Operand is big, is unfavorable for to more high level inverter expansion.In the SPWM modulator approach, the algorithm overwhelming majority of neutral point voltage balance is based on modulating wave, mainly through in modulating wave, injecting the Balance Control that specific zero-sequence component realizes mid-point voltage.But choosing of zero-sequence component need very high skill; The calculating of zero-sequence component often needs the three-phase reference voltage; Output current, parameters such as dc-link capacitance voltage and capacitance, a large amount of parameters make the calculating of zero-sequence component become complicated; Also be unfavorable for the realization of real-time control system, increased cost simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art; A kind of three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth has been proposed; Through keeping modulating wave and carrier frequency is constant up and down, the amplitude of carrier wave about changing realizes the balance of midpoint potential; This method has to be calculated simply, realizes being easy to advantage.
A kind of NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth; Be specially: regulate carrier amplitude thereby adjust the carrier amplitude adjustment factor in real time; The carrier wave and the modulating wave that obtain after the amplitude adjusting are compared output pwm signal, with the switch tube working status of control inverter;
Said carrier amplitude is regulated according to following mode:
Make the amplitude of the upper and lower carrier wave of NPC type three-level inverter be expressed as 1+K * m and 1-K * m respectively, K is the carrier amplitude adjustment factor, and m is a modulation ratio;
Figure BDA00001614868700021
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then-1≤K＜0 and U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more, if U NpEqual U Dc/ 2, if K=0 then is U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then 0＜K≤1 and U NpWith U DcDifference between/2 more greatly then K is big more;
Figure BDA00001614868700022
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then 0＜K≤1 and U NpWith U DcDifference between/2 more greatly then K is big more, if U NpEqual U Dc/ 2, if K=0 then is U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then-1≤K＜0 and U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more;
Wherein,
Figure BDA00001614868700023
Be power-factor angle, U NpBe inverter mid-point voltage, U DcBe DC bus-bar voltage.
A kind of NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth; Be specially: thus real-time regulated modulating wave adjustment factor is regulated modulating wave; The modulating wave and the carrier wave that obtain after regulating are compared output pwm signal, with the switch tube working status of control inverter;
Said modulating wave is regulated according to following mode: make modulating wave u j &prime; = K &times; m + u j 1 + K &times; m ( u j &GreaterEqual; K &times; m ) K &times; m + u j 1 - K &times; m ( u j < K &times; m ) , U wherein jBe the initial modulation ripple, K is the carrier amplitude adjustment factor, and m is a modulation ratio;
Figure BDA00001614868700031
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then-1≤K＜0 and U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more, if U NpEqual U Dc/ 2, if K=0 then is U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then 0＜K≤1 and U NpWith U DcDifference between/2 more greatly then K is big more;
Figure BDA00001614868700032
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then 0＜K≤1 and U NpWith U DcDifference between/2 more greatly then K is big more, if U NpEqual U Dc/ 2, if K=0 then is U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then-1≤K＜0 and U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more;
Wherein,
Figure BDA00001614868700033
Be power-factor angle, U NpBe inverter mid-point voltage, U DcBe DC bus-bar voltage.Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is a kind of three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth, measures mid-point voltage U during this method NpAnd compare with set-point, confirm width of cloth value of moving of carrier wave according to comparative result, the carrier wave that obtains after amplitude is regulated compares with modulating wave and exports the SPWM signal; With the switch tube working status of control inverter, thus the Balance Control of realization mid-point voltage.The present invention is through the maintenance modulating wave and carrier frequency is constant up and down, changes the amplitude of carrier wave up and down, realizes the balance of midpoint potential, and it is simple that this method has calculating, and realization is easy to advantage
Description of drawings
The NPC type three-level inverter topological structure that Fig. 1 will modulate by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of three-level SPWM modulation scheme, and wherein, 2 (a) are carrier wave and modulating wave sketch map, and 2 (b)～2 (e) are the switching tube output state, and 2 (f) are the output phase voltage waveform.
Fig. 3 changes the control structure block diagram of carrier amplitude for the inventive method.
Fig. 4 changes the sketch map of carrier amplitude up and down for the inventive method.
Fig. 5 is modulation ratio m in the inventive method, mid-point voltage fluctuation dU cAnd the graph of a relation of adjustment factor K.
Fig. 6 changes the PWM output waveform figure of carrier amplitude for the inventive method.Wherein (a) for a change carrier wave and modulating wave sketch map after the carrier amplitude (b)～(e) is the switching tube output state, (f) is the output phase voltage waveform.
Fig. 7 is the control structure block diagram of the change modulating wave of the inventive method equivalence.
Fig. 8 is the sketch map that equivalence changes modulating wave for the present invention.
Embodiment
Come specific embodiments of the invention to describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the main circuit structure figure of three-phase NPC type three-level inverter.Input direct voltage is U among the figure Dc, intermediate dc supports electric capacity and is respectively C1, and C2, the voltage at electric capacity two ends are U C1, U C2Mid-point voltage is U Np, its value and U C2Identical, under normal circumstances, mid-point voltage does not squint, U Np=U Dc/ 2.But owing to support the inconsistent of capacitance parameter, reasons such as laod unbalance and modulation strategy can make capacitor charge and discharge uneven, cause the mid-point voltage fluctuation, mid-point voltage undulating value dU cBe defined as dU c=U C1-U C2Fig. 2 is traditional three-level SPWM modulator approach.Wherein (a) is upper and lower carrier wave and modulating wave sketch map, (b)～(e) is the switching tube output state, (f) is the output phase voltage waveform.But when unbalance of neutral-point voltage, unbalance of neutral-point voltage can not eliminated or suppress to traditional SPWM modulator approach.
Fig. 3 provides control principle figure of the present invention, and the control method flow process is specific as follows:
Step 1, measure mid-point voltage U in real time Np, and compare with set-point;
Step 2, confirm width of cloth value of moving of carrier wave according to the comparative result in the step 1.
Make the amplitude of upper and lower carrier wave be expressed as 1+K * m and 1-K * m respectively, wherein K * m is the variable quantity of carrier amplitude, and K is the carrier amplitude adjustment factor ,-1≤K≤1.
Expression formula for the fluctuation of NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage is:
dU c = U c 1 - U c 2 = i o C = i a d ao + i b d bo + i c d co C - - - ( 1 )
DU wherein cBe mid-point voltage undulating value, U C1And U C2Be respectively dc-link capacitance C1, the magnitude of voltage at C2 two ends, C are the dc-link capacitance value, i oBe mid point electric current, i a, i b, i cBe respectively the three-phase electricity flow valuve, d Ao, d Bo, d CoBe respectively the duty ratio of three-phase " O " state effect.
When the carrier wave width of cloth moved, the duty ratio of three-phase " O " state effect can be expressed as:
d jo = 1 - u j 1 + K &times; m ( u j &GreaterEqual; - K &times; m ) 1 + u j 1 - K &times; m ( u j < - K &times; m ) - - - ( 2 )
D wherein Jo(j=a, b c) are the duty ratio of three-phase " O " state effect, u j(j=a, b c) are the three-phase modulations ripple, and m is a modulation ratio, 0≤m≤1.
By (1), (2) can get, at modulating wave mid-point voltage undulating value dU in the cycle cWith the relation of carrier amplitude adjustment factor K be:
I wherein mBe the amplitude of phase current,
Figure BDA00001614868700053
Be power factor.
According to above formula, work as phase current magnitude, power factor can obtain the unique relationships of carrier amplitude adjustment factor and mid-point voltage undulating value fixedly the time.
Figure BDA00001614868700054
The time, if K is greater than zero, dU then cLess than zero, mid-point voltage rises; If K is less than zero, dU then cGreater than zero, mid-point voltage can descend.
Figure BDA00001614868700055
The time, if K is greater than zero, dU then cGreater than zero, mid-point voltage descends; If K is less than zero, dU then cLess than zero, mid-point voltage can rise.
Through changing direction and the size of carrier amplitude adjustment factor K, can adjust mid-point voltage, realize the balance of mid-point voltage. The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then should get K less than zero, if U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then should get K greater than zero.
Figure BDA00001614868700057
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then should get K greater than zero, if U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then should get K less than zero.U NpBe the inverter mid-point voltage.U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more.
Step 3, carrier wave and modulating wave are done the comparison output switching signal, if the amplitude of modulating wave greater than the amplitude of top carrier wave, then corresponding switch pipe 1 is open-minded, switching tube 3 turn-offs, otherwise then switching tube 1 turn-offs, switching tube 3 is open-minded.If the amplitude of modulating wave is greater than the amplitude of following carrier wave, then corresponding switch pipe 2 is open-minded, and switching tube 4 turn-offs, otherwise then switching tube 2 turn-offs, and switching tube 4 is open-minded, and wherein switching tube 1～4 is top-down four switching tubes in the same brachium pontis.
Can control NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage according to above step.The present invention is through the maintenance modulating wave and carrier frequency is constant up and down, changes the amplitude of carrier wave up and down, solves the problem of midpoint potential balance well.
Embodiment 1
Three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth of the present invention can effectively realize mid-point voltage control.Fig. 3 has provided the algorithm of the inventive method and has realized block diagram, u ' Tri1, u ' Tri2Be respectively the carrier value after the magnitude.Fcn1 is the adjustment function of carrier amplitude, is provided by following formula:
u tri 1 &prime; = 2 T &times; ( 1 + K &times; m ) &times; rem ( t / T ) - K &times; m ( 0 &le; rem ( t / T ) < T / 2 ) 2 + K &times; m - 2 T &times; ( 1 + K &times; m ) &times; rem ( t / T ) ( T / 2 &le; rem ( t / T ) < T ) - - - ( 4 )
u tri 2 &prime; = 2 T &times; ( 1 - K &times; m ) &times; rem ( t / T ) - 1 ( 0 &le; rem ( t / T ) < T / 2 ) 1 - 2 K &times; m - 2 T &times; ( 1 - K &times; m ) &times; rem ( t / T ) ( T / 2 &le; rem ( t / T ) < T ) - - - ( 5 )
Wherein, T is a carrier cycle, and rem () is for getting cofunction.
This method mid-point voltage U that need sample Np, and with U NpWith U Dc/ 2 do comparison, confirm the change amount of carrier amplitude through comparative result.Fig. 4 is in the inventive method, K＞0 o'clock, and carrier amplitude changes sketch map.In the methods of the invention, modulating wave does not change, and carrier cycle does not change yet, and just changes carrier amplitude, and the amplitude of carrier wave becomes 1+K * m and 1-K * m respectively up and down, and wherein K * m is the variable quantity of carrier amplitude.
At modulating wave mid-point voltage undulating value dU in the cycle cProvide by formula (3) with the relation of carrier amplitude adjustment factor K.Fig. 5 is for getting I m/ C is a unit quantity,
Figure BDA00001614868700063
The time dU c, K, m concern sketch map.Modulation ratio m one timing, mid point undulating value dU cK is directly proportional with adjustment factor.When K greater than zero, dU then cLess than zero, mid-point voltage rises; If K is less than zero, dU then cGreater than zero, mid-point voltage descends.Through with mid-point voltage U NpWith U Dc/ 2 do comparison, can obtain carrier amplitude adjustment factor K, can obtain adjusted carrier wave by formula (4) and formula (5).Adjusted carrier wave and modulating wave are done the comparison output switching signal, and Fig. 6 changes the PWM output waveform figure of carrier amplitude for the inventive method.Wherein (a) for a change carrier wave and modulating wave sketch map after the carrier amplitude (b)～(e) is the switching tube output state, (f) is the output phase voltage waveform.For A phase brachium pontis, if the amplitude of modulating wave greater than the amplitude of top carrier wave, corresponding switch pipe S then A1Open-minded, switching tube S A3Turn-off, on the contrary switching tube S then A1Turn-off switching tube S A3Open-minded.If the amplitude of modulating wave is greater than the amplitude of following carrier wave, corresponding switch pipe S then A2Open-minded, switching tube S A4Turn-off, on the contrary switching tube S then A2Turn-off switching tube S A4Open-minded.
Can realize the adjustment of carrier amplitude up and down easily through control chip (single-chip microcomputer, ARM, DSP etc.) and programmable logic device (for example FPGA).
Embodiment 2
For the system that is not easy to realize that carrier amplitude changes, can be to modulating wave with the variation equivalence of carrier amplitude, prerequisite is that on off sequence remained unchanged in the equivalence front and back with the on-off action time.Fig. 7 has provided the algorithm of the inventive method equivalence modulating wave and has realized block diagram, compares with top method, just keeps carrier wave constant, and modulating wave is adjusted.Fcn2 is the adjustment function of modulating wave, is provided by following formula:
u j &prime; = K &times; m + u j 1 + K &times; m ( u j &GreaterEqual; - K &times; m ) K &times; m + u j 1 - K &times; m ( u j < - K &times; m ) - - - ( 6 )
Wherein be u ' jModulating wave after the equivalence.Fig. 8 is in the inventive method, K＞0 o'clock, and the modulating wave of equivalence changes sketch map.Sampling mid-point voltage U Np, and with U NpWith U Dc/ 2 do comparison; Can obtain carrier amplitude adjustment factor K, keeping up and down, carrier frequency, amplitude equate that modulating wave is adjusted according to (6) formula; Adjusted modulating wave and carrier wave are done the comparison output switching signal, also can obtain the mid-point voltage control effect the same with adjusting carrier amplitude.
The present invention not only is confined to above-mentioned embodiment; The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention; Can adopt other multiple embodiment embodiment of the present invention; All any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, be equal to replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth; Be specially: regulate carrier amplitude thereby adjust the carrier amplitude adjustment factor in real time; The carrier wave and the modulating wave that obtain after the amplitude adjusting are compared output pwm signal, with the switch tube working status of control inverter;
Said carrier amplitude is regulated according to following mode:
Make the amplitude of the upper and lower carrier wave of NPC type three-level inverter be expressed as 1+K * m and 1-K * m respectively, K is the carrier amplitude adjustment factor, and m is a modulation ratio;
Figure FDA00001614868600011
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then-1≤K＜0 and U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more, if U NpEqual U Dc/ 2, if K=0 then is U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then 0＜K≤1 and U NpWith U DcDifference between/2 more greatly then K is big more;
Figure FDA00001614868600012
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then 0＜K≤1 and U NpWith U DcDifference between/2 more greatly then K is big more, if U NpEqual U Dc/ 2, if K=0 then is U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then-1≤K＜0 and U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more;
Wherein,
Figure FDA00001614868600013
Be power-factor angle, U NpBe inverter mid-point voltage, U DcBe DC bus-bar voltage.
2. NPC type three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method of moving based on the carrier wave width of cloth; Be specially: thus real-time regulated modulating wave adjustment factor is regulated modulating wave; The modulating wave and the carrier wave that obtain after regulating are compared output pwm signal, with the switch tube working status of control inverter;
Said modulating wave is regulated according to following mode: make modulating wave u j &prime; = K &times; m + u j 1 + K &times; m ( u j &GreaterEqual; K &times; m ) K &times; m + u j 1 - K &times; m ( u j < K &times; m ) , U wherein jBe the initial modulation ripple, K is the carrier amplitude adjustment factor, and m is a modulation ratio;
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then-1≤K＜0 and U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more, if U NpEqual U Dc/ 2, if K=0 then is U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then 0＜K≤1 and U NpWith U DcDifference between/2 more greatly then K is big more;
Figure FDA00001614868600022
The time, if U NpGreater than U Dc/ 2, then 0＜K≤1 and U NpWith U DcDifference between/2 more greatly then K is big more, if U NpEqual U Dc/ 2, if K=0 then is U NpLess than U Dc/ 2, then-1≤K＜0 and U NpWith U DcThe absolute value of the bigger then K of difference between/2 is big more;
Wherein,
Figure FDA00001614868600023
Be power-factor angle, U NpBe inverter mid-point voltage, U DcBe DC bus-bar voltage.
CN201210140269.0A 2012-05-08 2012-05-08 Neutral point voltage control method for neutral point clamped (NPC) type three-level inverter based on carrier amplitude shift Expired - Fee Related CN102684533B (en)

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CN102882406A (en) * 2012-10-19 2013-01-16 江苏大全凯帆电器股份有限公司 Control method for neutral-point voltage of bus of 10kW three-phase grid-connected inverter
CN103780118A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-05-07 辽宁石油化工大学 Resonant DC link three-level soft switching inverter circuit
CN107994796A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-04 华为技术有限公司 The control method and device of single-phase converter
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CN109980969A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-07-05 深圳市海思瑞科电气技术有限公司 A kind of removing method and its device of three-level inverter driving signal burst pulse
CN114257114A (en) * 2021-12-11 2022-03-29 中科华士电气科技南京有限公司 Three-level converter control method and system based on carrier phase shift modulation

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102882406A (en) * 2012-10-19 2013-01-16 江苏大全凯帆电器股份有限公司 Control method for neutral-point voltage of bus of 10kW three-phase grid-connected inverter
CN103780118A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-05-07 辽宁石油化工大学 Resonant DC link three-level soft switching inverter circuit
CN108206642A (en) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-26 华为技术有限公司 The method and apparatus adjusted for 3-phase power converter midpoint potential
CN108206642B (en) * 2016-12-20 2020-02-14 华为技术有限公司 Method and device for adjusting the neutral point potential of a three-phase current transformer
CN107994796A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-04 华为技术有限公司 The control method and device of single-phase converter
US10666159B2 (en) 2017-12-26 2020-05-26 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Single-phase converter control method and apparatus
CN109980969A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-07-05 深圳市海思瑞科电气技术有限公司 A kind of removing method and its device of three-level inverter driving signal burst pulse
CN114257114A (en) * 2021-12-11 2022-03-29 中科华士电气科技南京有限公司 Three-level converter control method and system based on carrier phase shift modulation

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