CN102223099B - Adaptive three-phase balanced control cascaded three-phase bridge converter - Google Patents

Adaptive three-phase balanced control cascaded three-phase bridge converter Download PDF

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CN102223099B
CN102223099B CN 201110161032 CN201110161032A CN102223099B CN 102223099 B CN102223099 B CN 102223099B CN 201110161032 CN201110161032 CN 201110161032 CN 201110161032 A CN201110161032 A CN 201110161032A CN 102223099 B CN102223099 B CN 102223099B
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bridge
mutually
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converter
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CN102223099A (en
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陆治国
赵丽丽
吴春军
祝万平
刘捷丰
秦煜森
郑路遥
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel cascaded three-phase bridge converter and belongs to alternating current (AC) / direct current (DC) converters. The converter comprises three-phase AC power supplies, three input inductors and three cascaded three-phase voltage type bridge converters, wherein the three-phase AC power supplies are in star connection and do not have a neutral line. A voltage stress of a switching tube is reduced by using a connection mode of cascaded superposition of three-phase input line voltages, so the converter is applicable to high-voltage and high-power level occasions; and when three-phase input power supplies are unbalanced, inter-phase energy can be compensated for each other, so DC output voltages of each three-phase bridge are automatically equalized. By using cascade connection between bridge arms of the three-phase bridges, compared with a three-phase cascaded converter which is cascaded in same level (m level) and consists of single-phase H-bridge cascaded converters, the novel cascaded three-phase bridge converter has the advantage that: six active switching tubes and m+1 output capacitors are eliminated, so the cost and volume of the converter are reduced.

Description

The cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter of self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit topological structure and application thereof of AC/DC converter, particularly relate to and a kind ofly can be applied in high-power grade occasion, and can automatically solve the cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter of three-phase equilibrium control.
Background technology
Development and user's improving constantly quality of power supply requirement along with power electronics semiconductor device, circuit integrated technology, converters is applied in the large-power occasions more and more, such as the high-pressure side of electric power electric transformer, large-size machine driving etc.Distribution voltage grade commonly used is 10kV/380V, some areas are 20kV/380V, but the electric pressure of general full-control type device is about 1kV, therefore along with the increasing of rectifying device power, the voltage of individual devices or electric current ability to bear often can not adaptive system capacity, can not work reliable and stablely.In order to address the above problem, must adopt multiple technology or multilevel converter to reach the purpose of bring to power grade.Wherein, multilevel converter be use in recent years maximum.
Multi-level converter mainly contains three kinds of structures such as diode clamp type, capacitor pincers bit-type, cascade connection type.Two kinds of multi-level converters of cascade connection type converter and other are compared: the components and parts that it uses are less, realize easily the output that level number is higher; The sub-unit structure of each converter is identical, carries out easily modularized design, debugging, installation etc.; The load of each power converter cells is consistent.In recent years, in AC-DC (AC/DC) conversion of high-power grade, single-phase Cascade H bridge converter is the topology of using at most, the terminal voltage of its AC superposes by series system, the independent direct current electric capacity of each output links to each other with a single-phase full bridge converter, can consist of three-phase cascade connection type converter at AC through Y type or the connection of △ type by 3 single-phase cascade multi-level converters.But because this structure three-phase is independently each other, the energy of each phase can not compensate so that the interactive control difficulty of alternate power mutually during three-phase imbalance.Therefore, the deadly defect of the three-phase cascade connection type converter that is made of single-phase H bridge cascade converter is that three-phase equilibrium control is complicated, is difficult to realize.But in practice, the unbalanced situation of three-phase input power often can occur, so a kind of cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter that can automatically solve the three-phase imbalance problem must be proposed.
Three-phase bridge inverter can be divided into voltage-type and current mode two classes.But voltage-type is compared with current mode, and the former uses more topological structure now, have the advantages such as low harmonic wave, high efficiency, low electromagnetic interference because of it, and the latter's application scenario is relatively less.
Summary of the invention
For the prior art above shortcomings, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter that can be applied in high-power grade occasion and can automatically solve three-phase equilibrium control.The design feature of circuit itself makes this converter when the three-phase input power is uneven, guarantees the output dc voltage automatic equalization of each three-phase bridge; In the identical situation of cascade progression, can also reduce active switch pipe number and output filter capacitor number.
Goal of the invention of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals: the cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter of energy self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control is characterized in that its two-level concatenation topology comprises:
Y-connection and not with the three-phase input power u of the neutral line a, u b, u c
Three input boost inductance L that connect with every phase power supply a, L b, L C, its inductance value is identical, and the output of three inductance is designated as respectively A, B, C;
Three identical three-phase voltage type bridge converters of structure, three three-phase bridge corresponding mutually up and down the tie point of two brachium pontis be designated as respectively A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2 and A3, B3, C3; Each three-phase voltage type bridge converter is by 6 IGBT S that model is identical Ap, S Bp, S Cp, S An, S Bn, S Cn, 6 diode Ds identical with IGBT inverse parallel and model, output filter capacitor C and ohmic load R consist of, wherein, A goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually ApEmitter and lower brachium pontis switching tube S AnCollector electrode link to each other, B goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually BpEmitter and lower brachium pontis switching tube S BnCollector electrode link to each other, C goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually CpEmitter and lower brachium pontis switching tube S CnCollector electrode link to each other S Ap, S BpAnd S CpCollector electrode and the positive pole of output filter capacitor C connect together S An, S BnAnd S CnEmitter and the negative pole of output filter capacitor C connect together, load resistance R is in parallel with output filter capacitor C;
Three output capacitances of three three-phase bridge are designated as respectively C 1, C 2, C 3, its capacitance is identical, and three load resistances are designated as respectively R 1, R 2, R 3, its resistance is identical; Three groups of VD are designated as respectively U O1, U O2, U O3
Three three-phase bridge are that the line voltage level by input side is linked togather, and concrete connected mode is: A inputs inductance L mutually aOutput terminals A link to each other with A1, B1 links to each other with A2, B2 and B input inductance L mutually bOutput B link to each other, C2 links to each other with B3, C3 and C input inductance L mutually cOutput C link to each other, A3 links to each other with C1.
The subelement of this converter is the identical three-phase voltage type bridge converter of structure or three-phase electricity flow pattern bridge converter; The switching tube that adopts is full-control type device IGBT, and energy is two-way flow, also can make inverter so this converter can be made rectifier.
By the structure thinking of the three-phase bridge inverter topology of above-mentioned two-level concatenation, can obtain the three-phase bridge inverter of the three-stage cascade that consisted of by 6 three-phase bridge.In actual applications, this topology can be simplified by optimization control scheme, makes it just can be reached the effect of three-stage cascade by 5 three-phase bridge.In the same way, the three-phase bridge inverter of m level cascade is comprised of 2m-1 three-phase bridge, needs altogether 12m-6 active switch and 2m-1 output DC to hold.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. because three-phase cascade connection type bridge converter of the present invention is to consist of by cascade between the line voltage of three-phase input power, can make when three phase mains is uneven, the relation of three alternate formation close couplings so that three alternate energy can compensate mutually, thereby can make the VD automatic equalization of each three-phase bridge, can overcome well the traditional weakness of three-phase cascade converter three-phase equilibrium control complicated difficult to realize that is consisted of by 3 single-phase Cascade H bridging parallel operations.
2. by circuit structure of the present invention as can be known, when cascade progression identical (m level), the present invention lacks than the three-phase cascade converter that is made of single-phase H bridge and uses 6 active switch pipe IGBT and m+1 output filter capacitor, thereby can reduce cost and volume that converter is made.
3. the control mode of this converter is simple flexibly: to the structure of simplifying, because voltage, electric current and the power of each three-phase bridge rectifier output that level is linked togather are symmetrical, so can adopt and the identical control method of single voltage-type three-phase bridge inverter, also can adopt the control mode of more optimizing.
4. the present invention has kept the advantage of traditional cascade code converter: the switching device voltage stress is low to be fit to being applied in high-power grade occasion, and the structure of each converter subelement is identical, carries out easily modularized design, debugging, installation etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-phase bridge inverter circuit diagram of two-level concatenation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the three-phase bridge inverter of the three-stage cascade that obtains of the structure thinking according to the two-level concatenation topology.
Fig. 3 is simple equivalent circuit Fig. 1 of the three-phase bridge inverter of Fig. 2 three-stage cascade.
Fig. 4 is simple equivalent circuit Fig. 2 of the three-phase bridge inverter of Fig. 2 three-stage cascade.
Fig. 5 is simple equivalent circuit Fig. 3 of the three-phase bridge inverter of Fig. 2 three-stage cascade.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention and operation principle are further described:
Referring to Fig. 1, the cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter of self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control of the present invention, its two-level concatenation topology comprises:
Y-connection and not with the three-phase input power u of the neutral line a, u b, u c
Three input boost inductance L that connect with every phase power supply a, L b, L C, the output of three inductance is designated as respectively A, B, C;
Three identical three-phase voltage type bridge converters of structure, the tie point of three corresponding phase upper and lower bridge arms of three-phase bridge is designated as respectively A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2 and A3, B3, C3.Each three-phase voltage type bridge converter is by 6 IGBT S that model is identical Sp, S Bp, S Cp, S An, S Bn, S Cn, 6 diode Ds identical with IGBT inverse parallel and model, output filter capacitor C and ohmic load R consist of.3 output capacitances of 3 three-phase bridge are designated as respectively C 1, C 2, C 3, three load resistances are designated as respectively R 1, R 2, R 3, 3 groups of VD are designated as respectively U O1, U O2, U O3
Three three-phase bridge are that the line voltage level by input side is linked togather, and concrete connected mode is: A inputs inductance L mutually aOutput terminals A link to each other with A1, B1 links to each other with A2, B2 and B input inductance L mutually bOutput B link to each other, C2 links to each other with B3, C3 and C input inductance L mutually cOutput C link to each other, A3 links to each other with C1.
Be following analysis operation principle of the present invention and performance characteristics convenience thereof, now do following hypothesis: the internal resistance of three phase mains is 0; Used switching device all is desirable; Each inputs mutually boost inductance and output filter capacitor equates, is designated as L a=L b=L c=L, C 1=C 2=C 3=C, and do not have equivalent resistance; Three load resistance resistances equate, are designated as R 1=R 2=R 3=R.
Three-phase bridge adopts two logic working modes, is carved with the simultaneously conductings of three switches that adhere to three brachium pontis separately when namely per, and every phase is the switch complementary operation of two brachium pontis up and down; The identical S that is designated as respectively of switching drive signal of three corresponding phases of three-phase bridge A, S B, S C, be 1 during upper brachium pontis conducting, be 0 during lower brachium pontis conducting.
When three-phase input balance, the output voltage average value that can get three three-phase bridge in conjunction with assumed condition equates, is made as U O1=U O2=U O3=U oThe input voltage that can get the three-phase bridge AC by circuit connecting mode again is:
U AB = 2 ( S A - S B ) U o U BC = 2 ( S B - S C ) U o U CA = 2 ( S C - S A ) U o - - - ( 1 )
(1) formula shows, minimum three-phase bridge cascade converter is the converter of two-level concatenation.
Input in the uneven situation at three-phase, suppose that the output of three three-phase bridge is unequal, then (1) formula becomes
U AB = ( S A - S B ) ( U o 1 + U o 2 ) U BC = ( S B - S C ) ( U o 2 + U o 3 ) U CA = ( S C - S A ) ( U o 3 + U o 1 ) - - - ( 2 )
According to (2) Shi Kede
S A(U o2-U o3)+S B(U o3-U o1)+S C(U o1-U o2)＝0 (3)
(3) formula is all set up under any switch combination state, corresponding switching drive signal (S A, S B, S C) 8 kinds of different switch combination values are arranged, as long as switching frequency f sMuch larger than supply frequency f, then its input under each operating state, output variable can be thought constant, thereby U is just arranged O1=U O2=U O3Therefore, when the three-phase input power was uneven, the energy conversion of three phase mains no longer was independently, but the alternate power of three-phase can be interactive, makes the VD automatic equalization of each three-phase bridge.
So cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter provided by the invention when the three-phase input is uneven, can realize automatically that the VD of each three-phase bridge is balanced.
Referring to Fig. 2, be the three-phase bridge inverter of three-stage cascade, according to the thinking that the three-phase bridge converter topology of two-level concatenation is constructed, the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade can obtain its topology according to formula (4).
U AB = U A 1 B 1 + U A 2 B 2 + U A 3 B 3 = 3 ( S A - S B ) U o U BC = U B 3 C 3 + U B 4 C 4 + U B 5 C 5 = 3 ( S B - S C ) U o U CA = U C 5 A 5 + U C 6 A 6 + U C 1 A 1 = 3 ( S C - S A ) U o - - - ( 4 )
Fig. 2 is further analyzed, can be got by C, A two alternate connected mode and current potential equivalent relations
U CA＝U C5B5+U C4B4+U C3A3+U B2A2+U B1A1＝3(S C-S A)U o (5)
Hence one can see that, and the 3rd the equation equivalence of (5) formula and (4) formula so can need only on the basis of the first two equation that satisfies (4) formula, adopts optimization control scheme can just can reach with the first five three-phase bridge the effect of three-stage cascade.And on the first two equation basis of satisfying (4) formula, mid point C1, C2, A4 and the A5 of four brachium pontis of residue can have three kinds of different connected modes.
Referring to Fig. 3, the first simplified model that the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade exists, C1 links to each other with C2, and A4 links to each other with A5, and the connected mode between other brachium pontis is constant.
Referring to Fig. 4, the second simplified model that the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade exists, C1 links to each other with A4, and C2 links to each other with A5, and the connected mode between other brachium pontis is constant.
Referring to Fig. 5, the third simplified model that the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade exists, C1 links to each other with A5, and C2 links to each other with A4, and the connected mode between other brachium pontis is constant.
By adopting the three-stage cascade topology that different connected modes consist of by 5 three-phase bridge in Fig. 3～5, according to said method can promote to such an extent that the three-phase H bridging parallel operation of m level cascade is comprised of 2 (m-2)+3=2m-1 three-phase bridge, have
Figure BDA0000068570470000052
Plant different simplification connected modes, need altogether 6 (2m-1)=12m-6 active switch pipe and 2m-1 output capacitance.And need 3 * 4m=12m switching tube by the m level cascade three-phase inverter that single-phase Cascade H bridge consists of, and its connected mode is fixed, thereby cascade three-phase bridge topology has been saved 6 active switchs and m+1 output filter capacitor than the three-phase inverter that the single-phase H bridge of cascade consists of.
The present invention utilizes the connected mode of three-phase input line voltage cascade stack to reduce the voltage stress of switching tube, make this converter be fit to be applied in high-power grade occasion, and alternate energy can compensate mutually when three phase mains is uneven, makes the VD automatic equalization of each three-phase bridge; Utilize the cascade between the three-phase bridge brachium pontis, its three-phase cascade converter that is made of single-phase H bridge cascade converter than cascade at the same level (m level) is lacked use 6 active switch pipes and m+1 output capacitance, to reduce cost and the volume of converter.To sum up, can verify foregoing 4 beneficial effects of the present invention.
Above content is the further description of the present invention being done in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation, can not assert that implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those skilled in the art in the invention, can also make again suitable deduction, equivalents, improvement etc., but construct under the prerequisite of thinking not breaking away from the present invention, all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. the cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter of self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control is characterized in that its two-level concatenation topology comprises:
Y-connection and not with the three-phase input power u of the neutral line a, u b, u c
Three input boost inductance L that connect with every phase power supply a, L b, L c, its inductance value is identical, and the output of three inductance is designated as respectively A, B, C;
Three identical three-phase voltage type bridge converters of structure, three three-phase voltage type bridge converters corresponding mutually up and down the tie point of two brachium pontis be designated as respectively A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2 and A3, B3, C3; Each three-phase voltage type bridge converter is by 6 IGBT S that model is identical Ap, S Bp, S Cp, S An, S Bn, S Cn, 6 diode Ds identical with IGBT inverse parallel and model, output filter capacitor and load resistance consist of; Wherein, A goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually ApEmitter and lower brachium pontis switching tube S AnCollector electrode link to each other, B goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually BpEmitter and lower brachium pontis switching tube S BnCollector electrode link to each other, C goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually CpEmitter and lower brachium pontis switching tube S CnCollector electrode link to each other S Ap, S BpAnd S CpCollector electrode and the positive pole of output filter capacitor connect together S An, S BnAnd S CnEmitter and the negative pole of output filter capacitor connect together, load resistance is in parallel with output filter capacitor;
Three output filter capacitors of three three-phase voltage type bridge converters are designated as respectively C 1, C 2, C 3, its capacitance is identical, and three load resistances are designated as respectively R 1, R 2, R 3, its resistance is identical; Three groups of VD are designated as respectively U O1, U O2, U O3
Three three-phase voltage type bridge converters are that the line voltage level by input side is linked togather, and concrete connected mode is: A inputs inductance L mutually aOutput terminals A link to each other with A1, B1 links to each other with A2, B2 and B input inductance L mutually bOutput B link to each other, C2 links to each other with B3, C3 and C input inductance L mutually cOutput C link to each other, A3 links to each other with C1.
2. the cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter of self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control is characterized in that, be specially for the cascade connected mode between each three-phase bridge of the three-phase bridge inverter of m level cascade: A inputs inductance L mutually aOutput terminals A link to each other with A1, B inputs inductance L mutually bOutput B and brachium pontis B mLink to each other, C inputs inductance L mutually cOutput C and C 2m-1Link to each other; B iWith A I+1Link to each other (1≤i≤m), C jWith B J+1Link to each other (m≤j≤2m-1), the tie point of wherein remembering every phase upper and lower bridge arm of each three-phase bridge inverter be designated as respectively Ai, Bi, Ci (i=1,2 ... 2m-1).
3. the cascade connection type three-phase bridge inverter of described self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control according to claim 2 is characterized in that, adopts optimization control scheme to make C pAnd A q(wherein, 1≤p≤m-1, m+1≤q≤2m-1) middle any two points all can be connected to each other, thus can consist of the three-phase bridge inverter of m level cascade by 2m-1 three-phase bridge inverter, and can have
Figure FDA00002461908800011
Plant different connected modes.
CN 201110161032 2011-06-15 2011-06-15 Adaptive three-phase balanced control cascaded three-phase bridge converter Expired - Fee Related CN102223099B (en)

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