WO2015001767A1 - Control device and power management system - Google Patents

Control device and power management system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015001767A1
WO2015001767A1 PCT/JP2014/003396 JP2014003396W WO2015001767A1 WO 2015001767 A1 WO2015001767 A1 WO 2015001767A1 JP 2014003396 W JP2014003396 W JP 2014003396W WO 2015001767 A1 WO2015001767 A1 WO 2015001767A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
period
control device
storage battery
countermeasure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/003396
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
充 田邊
小林　晋
田米　正樹
雅和 足立
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Publication of WO2015001767A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015001767A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a control device, a power management system, and more particularly to a control device that controls charging and discharging of a storage battery, and a power management system including the control device.
  • This type of power generation equipment includes a power conversion device (power conditioner), and it is possible to suppress the output by reducing the conversion efficiency of the power conversion device.
  • the power system voltage (voltage between the voltage line and the neutral line) is controlled within the range of 101 ⁇ 6V (95 to 107V) by the Electricity Business Act. It is required to do.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a control device that can reliably lower the voltage of the power system while using a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle, and further, power management using the control device
  • the purpose is to provide a system.
  • a control device controls charging and discharging of a storage battery for traveling that is provided in some or all of a plurality of consumers that receive power from an electric power system and is mounted on an electric vehicle.
  • the control device includes an instruction unit and an adjustment unit.
  • the instruction unit sets a period during which the voltage of the power system is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range as a countermeasure period, and the storage battery is configured so that the voltage of the power system maintains the limit range in the countermeasure period.
  • Instruct charging The adjustment unit adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery before the countermeasure period so that charging for maintaining the voltage of the power system in the limit range is possible in the countermeasure period.
  • a power management system includes a power generation facility and the control device.
  • the power generation facility is allowed to generate power using natural energy and to reversely flow the generated power to the power system.
  • the control device 50 controls charging and discharging of the traveling storage battery 41 mounted on the electric vehicle 40.
  • the control device 50 includes an instruction unit 521 and an adjustment unit 522.
  • the instruction unit 521 sets a period during which the voltage of the power system 30 is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range as a countermeasure period, and charges the storage battery 41 so that the voltage of the power system 30 maintains the limit range in the countermeasure period. Instruct.
  • the adjustment unit 522 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 before the countermeasure period so that charging for maintaining the voltage of the power system 30 in the limit range is possible in the countermeasure period.
  • the power generation facility 20 is installed in some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30.
  • the power generation facility 20 is allowed to generate natural energy and to reversely flow the generated power to the power system 30.
  • the control device 50 preferably includes a prediction unit 523 that determines the countermeasure period by predicting the power generated by the power generation facility 20 and the power consumed by the customer 1.
  • the power generation facility 20 is preferably a solar power generation facility including the solar battery 21.
  • the control device 50 preferably includes a first notification unit 524 that notifies the presentation device (operation display device 3) of the first period including the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period.
  • the first period is a period in which the use of the electric vehicle 40 is refrained.
  • the control device 50 notifies the presentation device (operation display device 3) of the second period during which the use of the electric vehicle 40 is permitted in the period excluding the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period. It is desirable to provide.
  • a power storage facility 60 (a storage battery 61 and a power conversion device 62) is installed in some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30. It is desirable that Power storage facility 60 is electrically connected to power system 30 and is configured to perform charging and discharging. When the time for using the electric vehicle 40 is designated in the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period, the adjustment unit 522 can be charged to maintain the voltage of the power system 30 in the limit range in the countermeasure period. Thus, it is desirable to adjust the remaining capacity of the electrical storage facility 60 before the countermeasure period.
  • the power generation facility 20 is assumed to be a solar power generation facility.
  • the power generation facility 20 may be configured to generate power using wind power, hydraulic power, geothermal heat, or the like as long as it is configured to generate power using natural energy.
  • the consumer 1 assumes a detached house.
  • the solar power generation facility (power generation facility 20) includes a solar cell 21 and a power conversion device 22 that converts DC power output from the solar cell 21 into AC power.
  • the photovoltaic power generation facility is electrically connected to the power line 32 for the internal wiring of the customer 1 (in many cases, electrically connected to the distribution board) and can be connected to the power system 30. It has become. That is, both the power received by the consumer 1 from the power system 30 and the power generated by the solar power generation facility can be supplied to the electric load 31 provided in the consumer 1. Further, the power generated by the solar power generation facility can be reversely flowed to the power system 30.
  • the power line 32 is electrically connected to a power conversion device 42 that can exchange power with the electric vehicle 40 that travels using the electric energy of the storage battery 41.
  • the electric vehicle 40 is assumed to be an electric vehicle, an electric two-wheeled vehicle or the like that is equipped with a storage battery 41 that supplies electric power for traveling and that receives and receives DC power.
  • power converter 42 can be omitted and only switching between charging and discharging is performed. You may do it.
  • a configuration example including the power conversion device 42 will be described below.
  • the power converter 42 can be connected to the power system 30 in the same manner as the power converter 22.
  • the power conversion device 42 has a function of bidirectionally converting power between direct current and alternating current, converts the alternating current power output from the power system 30 or the power conversion device 22 into direct current power, and charges the storage battery 41. To do. Further, the power conversion device 42 converts the DC power of the storage battery 41 into AC power and supplies it to the electric load 31. Note that the reverse power flow from the power conversion device 42 electrically connected to the electric vehicle 40 to the power system 30 may be prohibited or permitted, but is not particularly limited here.
  • control device 50 The operations of the power conversion device 22 and the power conversion device 42 are controlled by the control device 50.
  • control device 50 is assumed to be a controller for HEMS (Home Energy Management System).
  • HEMS Home Energy Management System
  • This type of control device 50 can communicate with the electrical load 31 or electrical equipment used by the consumer 1 and monitors and controls the operating state of the electrical load 31 or electrical equipment.
  • the power converter 22 and the power converter 42 correspond to electrical equipment that is the object of monitoring and control by the control device 50.
  • a power generation facility 20 (solar cell 21 and power conversion device 22) that is allowed to generate power by natural energy and allow the generated power to flow backward to the power system 30 and the control device 50 are as follows. It becomes a main component of the power management system 100 to be described.
  • the power conversion device 22 and the power conversion device 42 include a communication interface unit (hereinafter, the communication interface unit is referred to as a “communication I / F unit”) 421 in order to communicate with the control device 50. Furthermore, since the electric vehicle 40 can select a state in which power can be exchanged with the power conversion device 42 and a state in which the electric vehicle 40 can travel after being disconnected from the power conversion device 42, the power conversion device 42 A determination unit 422 for determining both states is provided. Furthermore, the power conversion device 42 includes an acquisition unit 423 that communicates with the electric vehicle 40 and acquires the storage amount (remaining capacity) of the storage battery 41 and the identification information of the electric vehicle 40.
  • the control device 50 includes a communication I / F unit 51 that communicates with the electrical load 31 or the electrical equipment.
  • the communication I / F unit 51 is configured to perform wireless communication using radio waves as a transmission medium or power line carrier communication using a power line as a communication path.
  • ECHONET ⁇ ⁇ Lite registered trademark
  • ECHONET ⁇ ⁇ Lite registered trademark
  • the communication I / F unit 51 acquires information grasped by the power converter 22 and the power converter 42 by communicating with the power converter 22 and the power converter 42.
  • the communication I / F unit 51 acquires, for example, information related to the power generated by the solar cell 21 and information related to the power output from the power conversion device 22 from the power conversion device 22.
  • the power conversion device 22 also has a function of monitoring the voltage of the power system 30, and the communication I / F unit 51 also acquires information regarding this voltage.
  • the communication I / F unit 51 also relates to, for example, information on whether or not power can be exchanged with the electric vehicle 40 from the power conversion device 42, and the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 acquired from the electric vehicle 40 by the acquisition unit 423. Information, identification information of the electric vehicle 40, and the like are acquired.
  • the information received by the communication I / F unit 51 is given to the processing unit 52 provided in the control device 50.
  • the processing unit 52 also uses information provided from the input unit 53 and the communication I / F unit 54 to set a plan for charging and discharging the storage battery 41.
  • the process part 52 is provided with the instruction
  • the input unit 53 receives information on a usage schedule including a time zone in which the user desires to use the electric vehicle 40 and a destination (or travel distance). Information on the usage schedule is input from the operation display device 3 that communicates with the input unit 53.
  • the communication I / F unit 54 acquires information related to the weather forecast through the telecommunication line 2 such as the Internet.
  • the control device 50 includes an output unit 55 that outputs information generated by the instruction unit 521 in the processing unit 52 to the operation display device 3 as a presentation device.
  • the operation display device 3 is preferably a touch panel type configuration in which a transparent touch switch serving as an operation device is superimposed on the screen of the display device serving as a display device.
  • the operation display device 3 includes a display device and an operation device separately. Also good.
  • the operation display device 3 can use a dedicated device that performs wired or wireless communication between the input unit 53 and the output unit 55, but has a wireless communication function like a smartphone or a tablet terminal. It may be a general-purpose device.
  • the display device may be a television receiver, and the operation device may be a remote control device attached to the television receiver. That is, the operation display device 3 may have a housing in which the display device and the operation device are different from each other.
  • the control device 50 includes a storage unit 56.
  • storage part 56 matches and memorize
  • the storage unit 56 stores the actual power consumed by the electrical load 31 in association with the date and time.
  • the power consumed by the electrical load 31 is acquired by the control device 50 from a measuring device (not shown) that measures the power passing through the power line 32. Since this measuring device should just obtain
  • storage part 56 also memorize
  • the prediction unit 523 in the processing unit 52 predicts the electric power generated by the solar cell 21 during the day of the day or the day of the next day.
  • information on the weather forecast acquired by the communication I / F unit 54, the actual power generated by the solar cell 21 stored in the storage unit 56, and the amount of sunshine during power generation And temperature are used.
  • the daytime means a time zone in which the solar cell 21 generates power by obtaining solar radiation.
  • the prediction unit 523 is based on the day of the day or the next day based on the actual power generation power of the solar cell 21 stored in the storage unit 56, the actual power voltage of the power system 30, and the predicted power generation of the solar cell 21.
  • the power supply-demand relationship during the day That is, the prediction unit 523 predicts whether or not the power supplied from the customer 1 to the power grid 30 exceeds the power supplied from the power grid 30 to the customer 1 during the day of the day or the next day. To do. In other words, the prediction unit 523 determines that the voltage of the power system 30 is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the limit range (for example, the line voltage between the voltage line and the neutral line is 95 to 107 V) during the day of the day or the day of the next day. Predict whether or not
  • the power generated by the solar cell 21 may not be supplied to the power system 30 during this period. There is sex. However, during this period, power can be exchanged between the power converter 42 and the electric vehicle 40, and if the storage battery 41 is not fully charged, the power generated by the solar battery 21 is charged to the storage battery 41. It is possible to use it. If the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 is charged when the voltage of the electric power system 30 increases, the load increases as viewed from the electric power system 30, and as a result, the voltage of the electric power system 30 can be lowered. .
  • the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 when the voltage of the power system 30 is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range, the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 must be charged so as not to exceed the limit range. And in order to be able to charge the storage battery 41, the conditions that the transfer of electric power is possible between the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 and the power converter device 42, and the condition that the storage battery 41 is not fully charged, Must be met.
  • the former condition is referred to as “first condition”
  • the latter condition is referred to as “second condition”.
  • a period corresponding to charging of the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 when the voltage of the power system 30 is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the limit range is referred to as a “measure period”.
  • Whether or not the second condition is satisfied depends on the power usage of the storage battery 41, and thus differs for each customer 1. For example, when the electric vehicle 40 is traveling before the countermeasure period, or when the electric power of the storage battery 41 is used by the electric load 31 of the consumer 1 before the countermeasure period, the remaining capacity (storage power of the storage battery 41 is stored). Amount) has fallen and is ready for charging. On the other hand, before the countermeasure period, the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 may be fully charged, or the remaining capacity may be close to full charge.
  • the prediction unit 523 predicts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 during the countermeasure period based on information such as the usage schedule of the electric vehicle 40 and the actual power consumed by the electric load 31.
  • the first notification unit 524 that constitutes the processing unit 52 presents the countermeasure period to the operation display device 3 through the output unit 55, and is set to include the countermeasure period. A message is notified so as to refrain from using the electric vehicle 40 in the first period.
  • the power of the storage battery 41 is consumed by the electric load 31 before the countermeasure period, the power is transferred from the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 to the power converter 42 before the countermeasure period starts. Includes a period for delivery.
  • the instruction unit 521 instructing the charging of the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 maintains the voltage of the electric power system 30 in the restricted range.
  • the power converter 42 is controlled to adjust the charging current.
  • the control device 50 of each consumer 1 does not cause the voltage of the power system 30 to deviate from the limit range if the power generated by the solar cell 21 is equal to or less than a predetermined value set according to the consumer 1. to decide.
  • the instruction unit 521 continues to charge the storage battery 41 and reaches the power storage amount required for the planned travel distance. If so, the instruction unit 521 stops the charging of the storage battery 41.
  • the instruction unit 521 stops the power supply from the power conversion device 42 to the storage battery 41 when the storage battery 41 is fully charged even during the countermeasure period.
  • the control device 50 includes a second notification unit 525 that notifies the operation display device 3 of a second period as a period during which use of the electric vehicle 40 is permitted.
  • the second notification unit 525 notifies the second period, the user can know the period in which the electric vehicle 40 can be used, so that a plan for using the electric vehicle 40 can be easily made.
  • the use of the electric vehicle 40 means running the electric vehicle 40.
  • the configuration example described above assumes a case where a large number of customers 1 sharing the power system 30 have the electric vehicle 40, but when there are a small number of customers 1 that have the electric vehicle 40. Needs to increase the proportion of consumers 1 that satisfy the second condition.
  • the control device 50 of the customer 1 who owns the electric vehicle 40 notifies that the countermeasure period is generated using the operation display device 3 on the day before the countermeasure period.
  • the control device 50 inquires of the user through the operation display device 3 whether or not they agree to charge the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 during the countermeasure period.
  • the adjustment unit 522 of the control device 50 uses the power consumed by the electric load 31 at night before the countermeasure period for the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40.
  • the power converter 42 is controlled to be supplied from It should be noted that the period for using the power of the storage battery 41 can be not the night of the previous day but the morning of the day when the countermeasure period occurs.
  • the adjustment unit 522 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 before the countermeasure period, so that the storage battery 41 can be charged during the countermeasure period, and the voltage of the power system 30 can be reliably reduced. become.
  • the user is prompted to refrain from driving the electric vehicle 40.
  • the control device 50 described above includes a computer including a processor that operates according to a program as a main hardware element.
  • This type of computer includes a microcomputer that includes a memory integrally with a processor, and a configuration that includes a processor and a memory separately.
  • a program for causing a computer to function as the above-described control device 50 is provided by a ROM (Read Only Memory) mounted on the computer, provided through the telecommunication line 2, or a computer-readable recording medium. Provided by.
  • the above-described configuration example assumes a case in which the solar cells 21 are installed in all the consumers 1 and all the consumers 1 have the electric vehicles 40, but this condition is not always necessary. That is, this is a case where the consumer 1 in which the solar cell 21 is installed and the consumer 1 that owns the electric vehicle 40 are electrically connected to a common power system (low voltage distribution line or high voltage distribution line) 30.
  • a common power system low voltage distribution line or high voltage distribution line
  • the embodiment described below is a configuration in which a power storage facility 60 is added to the customer 1 with respect to the configuration shown in FIG. 2.
  • the power storage facility 60 includes a storage battery 61 and a power conversion device 62.
  • the power conversion device 62 is described separately because the function is different from that of the power conversion device 42, but the device can be stored in one case.
  • the basic function of the power converter 62 is the same as that of the power converter 42, and has a function of converting power bidirectionally between direct current and alternating current. That is, the power converter 62 converts alternating current power into direct current power, charges the storage battery 61, and converts the direct current power of the storage battery 61 into alternating current power.
  • the power converter 62 is electrically connected to the power line 32 in the same manner as the power converter 22 and the power converter 42.
  • the power conversion device 62 communicates with the control device 50 in the same manner as the power conversion device 22 and the power conversion device 42.
  • the control device 50 acquires information related to the remaining capacity of the storage battery 61 from the power conversion device 62 and instructs the power conversion device 62 to control the charging and discharging of the storage battery 61.
  • the capacity of the storage battery 61 may be smaller than the capacity of the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40. Therefore, the storage battery 61 can be provided at a lower cost than a general power storage facility.
  • the time during which the electric vehicle 40 can be used during the countermeasure period depends on the capacity and remaining capacity of the storage battery 61. Since the capacity
  • FIG. In order to determine the remaining capacity of the storage battery 61, the user operates the operation display device 3 on the day before the day when the countermeasure period occurs, so that the control device 50 is notified of the time zone in which the electric vehicle 40 is scheduled to be used. . If the time zone in which the electric vehicle 40 is used is determined, the charge amount can be predicted.
  • the control device 50 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 61 at night so as to satisfy the predicted charge amount.
  • the remaining capacity of the storage battery 61 is adjusted by consuming the power of the storage battery 61 to the electric load 31 or charging the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 with the power of the storage battery 61 before the countermeasure period is started.
  • the storage battery 61 is provided for each consumer 1, but the storage battery 61 and the power conversion device 62 may be provided only in a part of the consumer 1 sharing the power system 30.
  • a processing apparatus acquires information from the control apparatus 50 provided for every consumer 1.
  • the power supply-demand relationship may be predicted by aggregating information.
  • the control device 50 predicts the power consumed by the customer 1 during the daytime when the solar cell 21 generates power based on the results of the consumed power, the solar cell 21 is within the range managed by the processing device. It can be seen that the total amount of power to be generated and the total amount of power consumed by the customer 1. That is, it is possible to predict whether or not the voltage of the power system 30 is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the limit range.
  • control device 50 of the present embodiment has the following first feature.
  • the control device 50 is provided in a part or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30, and includes a storage battery 41 for traveling mounted on the electric vehicle 40. Control charging and discharging.
  • the control device 50 includes an instruction unit 521 and an adjustment unit 522.
  • the instruction unit 521 sets a period during which the voltage of the power system 30 is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range as a countermeasure period, and charges the storage battery 41 so that the voltage of the power system 30 maintains the limit range in the countermeasure period.
  • the adjustment unit 522 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 before the countermeasure period so that charging for maintaining the voltage of the power system 30 in the limit range is possible in the countermeasure period.
  • control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following second feature.
  • the adjustment unit 522 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 by supplying power from the storage battery 41 to the electric load 31 provided in the consumer 1.
  • control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following third feature in addition to the first or second feature.
  • the control device 50 includes the prediction unit 523 when the power generation equipment 20 is installed in some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30.
  • the power generation facility 20 is a facility that generates power using natural energy and is allowed to reversely flow the generated power to the power system 30.
  • the prediction unit 523 determines the countermeasure period by predicting the power generated by the power generation facility 20 and the power consumed by the customer 1.
  • control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following fourth feature in addition to the third feature.
  • the power generation facility 20 is a solar power generation facility including a solar cell 21.
  • control device 50 may have the following fifth feature in addition to any of the first to fourth features.
  • control device 50 notifies the presentation device (operation display device 3) of a first period that includes the countermeasure period and refrains from using the electric vehicle 40 before the countermeasure period. 524.
  • control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following sixth feature in addition to any of the first to fifth features.
  • control device 50 notifies the presentation device (operation display device 3) of a second period during which the use of the electric vehicle 40 is permitted before the countermeasure period.
  • the notification unit 525 is provided.
  • control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following seventh feature in addition to any of the first to sixth features.
  • the control device 50 when the power storage facility 60 is installed in some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30, the control device 50 includes the adjustment unit 522. The following operations are performed.
  • the power storage facility 60 is electrically connected to the power system 30 and performs charging and discharging.
  • the adjustment unit 522 charges the power storage facility 60 for maintaining the voltage of the power system 30 in the limit range in the countermeasure period. Therefore, the remaining capacity of the power storage facility 60 is adjusted before the countermeasure period.
  • the power management system 100 of the present embodiment has the following eighth feature.
  • the power management system 100 includes a power generation facility 20 and a control device 50 having any one of the third to seventh features.
  • the power generation facility 20 is allowed to generate natural energy and to reversely flow the generated power to the power system 30.
  • the control device 50 of the present embodiment can prevent the voltage of the power system 30 from rising beyond the limit range by charging the traveling storage battery 41 mounted on the electric vehicle 40. That is, the control device 50 of the present embodiment can prevent the voltage of the power system 30 from rising beyond the limit range without providing a dedicated power storage facility. Moreover, the control apparatus 50 of this embodiment estimates the period when the voltage of the electric power grid

Abstract

A control device is provided for all or some of a plurality of consumers receiving power from a power grid and controls the charging and discharging of a traction-use storage battery mounted in an electric vehicle. The control device includes an instruction unit and an adjustment unit. The instruction unit sets a countermeasure period during which the voltage of the power grid is predicted to exceed the upper limit of a limited range, and instructs the charging of the storage battery so that the voltage of the power grid is maintained within the limited range during the countermeasure period. The adjustment unit adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery prior to the countermeasure period so that the charging for maintaining the voltage of the power grid within the limited range during the countermeasure period is made possible.

Description

制御装置、電力管理システムControl device, power management system
　本発明は、一般に制御装置、電力管理システム、より詳細には、蓄電池の充電および放電を制御する制御装置、および制御装置を備える電力管理システムに関する。 The present invention generally relates to a control device, a power management system, and more particularly to a control device that controls charging and discharging of a storage battery, and a power management system including the control device.
　近年、太陽光発電設備のように電力系統への電力の逆潮流が可能な電力供給設備の普及が進んでいる。電力供給設備が発電した電力は、需要家に設けられた電気負荷で消費されるほか、電力系統に逆潮流される。 In recent years, power supply equipment capable of reverse power flow to the power system, such as solar power generation equipment, has been spreading. The electric power generated by the power supply facility is consumed by the electric load provided at the consumer, and is also reversely flowed to the power system.
　電力供給設備のなかでも、太陽光、風力、水力、地熱などの自然エネルギーを電力に変換する発電設備は、生成される電力を人為的に調節することが困難である。この種の発電設備は、電力変換装置（パワーコンディショナ）を備えており、電力変換装置による変換効率を低減させることにより出力を抑制することは可能である。 Among power supply facilities, power generation facilities that convert natural energy such as sunlight, wind power, hydropower, and geothermal heat into power are difficult to artificially adjust the generated power. This type of power generation equipment includes a power conversion device (power conditioner), and it is possible to suppress the output by reducing the conversion efficiency of the power conversion device.
　ところで、電力供給設備の密度が高まると、電力系統に供給される電力量が電力系統から消費される電力量に対して過剰になり、結果的に、電力系統の電圧が上昇する可能性がある。単相３線式２００／１００Ｖの低圧配電線路であれば、電気事業法によって、電力系統の電圧（電圧線と中性線の線間電圧）を１０１±６Ｖ（９５～１０７Ｖ）の範囲に制御することが求められる。 By the way, when the density of the power supply facility increases, the amount of power supplied to the power system becomes excessive with respect to the amount of power consumed from the power system, and as a result, the voltage of the power system may increase. . If it is a single-phase three-wire 200 / 100V low-voltage distribution line, the power system voltage (voltage between the voltage line and the neutral line) is controlled within the range of 101 ± 6V (95 to 107V) by the Electricity Business Act. It is required to do.
　電力系統の電圧が上限値である１０７Ｖを超える可能性がある場合、電力系統において対策を講じることが考えられるが、この種の対策は、電気事業者のみが大きな投資コストを負担することになるから、現状では採用が困難である。そのため、現状では、需要家において、電力系統への逆潮流を行う電力を低減させる対策が広く採用されている。 If there is a possibility that the voltage of the electric power system exceeds the upper limit of 107 V, it is conceivable to take measures in the electric power system, but this type of countermeasure only bears a large investment cost. Therefore, it is difficult to adopt at present. Therefore, at present, measures for reducing the power for reverse power flow to the power system are widely adopted by consumers.
　しかしながら、この技術は、電力供給設備が発電した電力の一部を無駄に捨てていることになるから、需要家にとっては電力供給設備を導入したことによる費用対効果が損なわれることになる。また、電力供給設備を導入することによる費用対効果が低いと、新たに電力供給装置を導入しようとする意欲が損なわれる。 However, since this technology wastes a part of the power generated by the power supply facility, the cost effectiveness of introducing the power supply facility is impaired for consumers. In addition, if the cost effectiveness of introducing power supply equipment is low, the willingness to introduce a new power supply device is impaired.
　一方、大容量の蓄電池を搭載した電動車両の普及に鑑みて、電動車両に搭載された蓄電池を電力系統に電気的に接続し、蓄電池の充電および放電を制御することによって、電力系統の電圧を制限範囲に維持する技術が提案されている。このような技術は、たとえば、文献１（日本国特許出願公開番号２０１２－５１３１）に開示されている。文献１には、電力系統の電圧が第１の閾値を超えると、電動車両に搭載された蓄電池の充電を行い、電力系統の電圧が第２の閾値を下回ると、電動車両に搭載された蓄電池からの放電を行う技術が記載されている。 On the other hand, in view of the widespread use of electric vehicles equipped with large-capacity storage batteries, the storage battery mounted on the electric vehicle is electrically connected to the electric power system, and charging and discharging of the storage battery are controlled, thereby controlling the voltage of the electric power system. Techniques have been proposed for maintaining the limits. Such a technique is disclosed in, for example, Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-5131). Document 1 charges the storage battery mounted on the electric vehicle when the voltage of the power system exceeds the first threshold, and stores the battery mounted on the electric vehicle when the voltage of the power system falls below the second threshold. A technique for performing discharge from is described.
　しかしながら、文献１に記載された技術は、電力系統の電圧の変化に対して、電動車両の充電および放電をリアルタイムで行っているに過ぎない。したがって、この技術は、電動車両の蓄電池が満充電に達していれば、電力系統の電圧を引き下げるために利用することができないという問題を有している。 However, the technique described in Document 1 merely performs charging and discharging of the electric vehicle in real time with respect to changes in the voltage of the power system. Therefore, this technique has a problem that it cannot be used to lower the voltage of the power system if the storage battery of the electric vehicle has reached full charge.
　本発明は、電動車両に搭載された蓄電池を利用しながらも電力系統の電圧を確実に引き下げることができるようにした制御装置を提供することを目的とし、さらに、この制御装置を用いた電力管理システムを提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a control device that can reliably lower the voltage of the power system while using a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle, and further, power management using the control device The purpose is to provide a system.
　本発明の一態様に係る制御装置は、電力系統から受電する複数の需要家のうちの一部または全部の需要家に設けられ、電動車両に搭載された走行用の蓄電池の充電および放電を制御する。前記制御装置は、指示部と、調節部とを備える。前記指示部は、前記電力系統の電圧が制限範囲の上限値を超えると予測される期間を対策期間とし、前記対策期間において、前記電力系統の電圧が前記制限範囲を維持するように前記蓄電池の充電を指示する。前記調節部は、前記対策期間において前記電力系統の電圧を前記制限範囲に維持するための充電が可能になるように、前記対策期間より前に前記蓄電池の残容量を調節する。 A control device according to an aspect of the present invention controls charging and discharging of a storage battery for traveling that is provided in some or all of a plurality of consumers that receive power from an electric power system and is mounted on an electric vehicle. To do. The control device includes an instruction unit and an adjustment unit. The instruction unit sets a period during which the voltage of the power system is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range as a countermeasure period, and the storage battery is configured so that the voltage of the power system maintains the limit range in the countermeasure period. Instruct charging. The adjustment unit adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery before the countermeasure period so that charging for maintaining the voltage of the power system in the limit range is possible in the countermeasure period.
　また、本発明の一態様に係る電力管理システムは、発電設備と、前記制御装置とを備える。前記発電設備は、自然エネルギーにより発電し、かつ発電した電力を前記電力系統に逆潮流することが許容されている。 In addition, a power management system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a power generation facility and the control device. The power generation facility is allowed to generate power using natural energy and to reversely flow the generated power to the power system.
実施形態に係る制御装置および電力管理システムを示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the control apparatus and power management system which concern on embodiment. 実施形態の制御装置および電力管理システムの全体構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the control apparatus and power management system of embodiment. 実施形態の制御装置および電力管理システムの他の構成例の全体構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the other structural example of the control apparatus of embodiment, and a power management system.
　以下、本発明の実施形態に係る制御装置５０、および制御装置５０を備えた電力管理システム１００について図面を用いて説明する。図１、図２に示すように、以下に説明する制御装置５０は、電力系統３０から受電する複数の需要家１のうちの一部または全部の需要家１に各々設けられる。制御装置５０は、電動車両４０に搭載された走行用の蓄電池４１の充電および放電を制御する。この制御装置５０は、指示部５２１と調節部５２２とを備える。指示部５２１は、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲の上限値を超えると予測される期間を対策期間とし、対策期間において、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲を維持するように蓄電池４１の充電を指示する。調節部５２２は、対策期間において電力系統３０の電圧を制限範囲に維持するための充電が可能になるように、対策期間より前に蓄電池４１の残容量を調節する。 Hereinafter, a control device 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention and a power management system 100 including the control device 50 will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the control device 50 described below is provided in each of some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30. The control device 50 controls charging and discharging of the traveling storage battery 41 mounted on the electric vehicle 40. The control device 50 includes an instruction unit 521 and an adjustment unit 522. The instruction unit 521 sets a period during which the voltage of the power system 30 is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range as a countermeasure period, and charges the storage battery 41 so that the voltage of the power system 30 maintains the limit range in the countermeasure period. Instruct. The adjustment unit 522 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 before the countermeasure period so that charging for maintaining the voltage of the power system 30 in the limit range is possible in the countermeasure period.
　また、電力系統３０から受電する複数の需要家１のうちの一部または全部の需要家１には、発電設備２０が設置されていることが望ましい。発電設備２０は、自然エネルギーにより発電し、かつ発電した電力を電力系統３０に逆潮流することが許容されている。この場合、制御装置５０は、発電設備２０が発電する電力と需要家１で消費する電力とを予測することにより対策期間を定める予測部５２３を備えることが望ましい。また、発電設備２０は、太陽電池２１を備える太陽光発電設備であることが望ましい。 In addition, it is desirable that the power generation facility 20 is installed in some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30. The power generation facility 20 is allowed to generate natural energy and to reversely flow the generated power to the power system 30. In this case, the control device 50 preferably includes a prediction unit 523 that determines the countermeasure period by predicting the power generated by the power generation facility 20 and the power consumed by the customer 1. Further, the power generation facility 20 is preferably a solar power generation facility including the solar battery 21.
　制御装置５０は、対策期間より前に、対策期間を含む第１の期間を提示装置（操作表示装置３）に通知する第１の通知部５２４を備えることが望ましい。第１の期間は、電動車両４０の利用を控えさせる期間である。また、制御装置５０は、対策期間より前に、対策期間を除く期間のうち電動車両４０の利用を許可する第２の期間を提示装置（操作表示装置３）に通知する第２の通知部５２５を備えることが望ましい。 The control device 50 preferably includes a first notification unit 524 that notifies the presentation device (operation display device 3) of the first period including the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period. The first period is a period in which the use of the electric vehicle 40 is refrained. In addition, the control device 50 notifies the presentation device (operation display device 3) of the second period during which the use of the electric vehicle 40 is permitted in the period excluding the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period. It is desirable to provide.
　また、図３に示すように、電力系統３０から受電する複数の需要家１のうちの一部または全部の需要家１には、蓄電設備６０（蓄電池６１および電力変換装置６２）が設置されていることが望ましい。蓄電設備６０は、電力系統３０に電気的に接続され、かつ充電および放電を行うように構成される。調節部５２２は、対策期間より前に、対策期間のうちで電動車両４０を利用する時間が指定されると、対策期間において電力系統３０の電圧を制限範囲に維持するための充電が可能になるように、対策期間より前に蓄電設備６０の残容量を調節することが望ましい。 As shown in FIG. 3, a power storage facility 60 (a storage battery 61 and a power conversion device 62) is installed in some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30. It is desirable that Power storage facility 60 is electrically connected to power system 30 and is configured to perform charging and discharging. When the time for using the electric vehicle 40 is designated in the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period, the adjustment unit 522 can be charged to maintain the voltage of the power system 30 in the limit range in the countermeasure period. Thus, it is desirable to adjust the remaining capacity of the electrical storage facility 60 before the countermeasure period.
　以下、本実施形態の制御装置５０および電力管理システム１００を詳述する。発電設備２０は、とくに太陽光発電設備を想定する。また、発電設備２０は、自然エネルギーを利用して発電する構成であれば、風力、水力、地熱などにより発電する構成であってもよい。また、需要家１は、戸建て住宅を想定している。 Hereinafter, the control device 50 and the power management system 100 of this embodiment will be described in detail. The power generation facility 20 is assumed to be a solar power generation facility. In addition, the power generation facility 20 may be configured to generate power using wind power, hydraulic power, geothermal heat, or the like as long as it is configured to generate power using natural energy. Moreover, the consumer 1 assumes a detached house.
　太陽光発電設備（発電設備２０）は、図２に示すように、太陽電池２１と、太陽電池２１から出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換する電力変換装置２２とを備える。太陽光発電設備は、需要家１の内部配線のための電力線３２に電気的に接続され（多くの場合に分電盤に電気的に接続される）、電力系統３０との系統連系が可能になっている。すなわち、需要家１が電力系統３０から受電した電力と、太陽光発電設備が発電した電力とは、何れも需要家１に設けられた電気負荷３１に供給可能である。また、太陽光発電設備が発電した電力は、電力系統３０への逆潮流も可能になっている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the solar power generation facility (power generation facility 20) includes a solar cell 21 and a power conversion device 22 that converts DC power output from the solar cell 21 into AC power. The photovoltaic power generation facility is electrically connected to the power line 32 for the internal wiring of the customer 1 (in many cases, electrically connected to the distribution board) and can be connected to the power system 30. It has become. That is, both the power received by the consumer 1 from the power system 30 and the power generated by the solar power generation facility can be supplied to the electric load 31 provided in the consumer 1. Further, the power generated by the solar power generation facility can be reversely flowed to the power system 30.
　さらに、電力線３２には、蓄電池４１の電気エネルギーを用いて走行する電動車両４０との間で電力の授受が可能な電力変換装置４２が電気的に接続される。電動車両４０は、ここでは走行用の電力を供給する蓄電池４１を搭載し、かつ直流電力を授受する電気自動車、電動二輪車などを想定している。なお、電動車両４０が、プラグインハイブリッド車のように電力線３２との間で交流電力を授受する構成である場合、電力変換装置４２を省略可能であって、充電と放電との切替のみを行うようにしてもよい。ただし、以下では電力変換装置４２を備える構成例について説明する。 Furthermore, the power line 32 is electrically connected to a power conversion device 42 that can exchange power with the electric vehicle 40 that travels using the electric energy of the storage battery 41. Here, the electric vehicle 40 is assumed to be an electric vehicle, an electric two-wheeled vehicle or the like that is equipped with a storage battery 41 that supplies electric power for traveling and that receives and receives DC power. When electric vehicle 40 is configured to exchange AC power with power line 32 as in a plug-in hybrid vehicle, power converter 42 can be omitted and only switching between charging and discharging is performed. You may do it. However, a configuration example including the power conversion device 42 will be described below.
　電力変換装置４２は、電力変換装置２２と同様に、電力系統３０との系統連系が可能になっている。電力変換装置４２は、直流と交流との間で双方向に電力を変換する機能を有し、電力系統３０または電力変換装置２２から出力された交流電力を直流電力に変換して蓄電池４１を充電する。また、電力変換装置４２は、蓄電池４１の直流電力を交流電力に変換して電気負荷３１に供給する。なお、電動車両４０に電気的に接続された電力変換装置４２から電力系統３０に電力の逆潮流を行うことは、禁止する場合と許容する場合とがあるが、ここではとくに問わない。 The power converter 42 can be connected to the power system 30 in the same manner as the power converter 22. The power conversion device 42 has a function of bidirectionally converting power between direct current and alternating current, converts the alternating current power output from the power system 30 or the power conversion device 22 into direct current power, and charges the storage battery 41. To do. Further, the power conversion device 42 converts the DC power of the storage battery 41 into AC power and supplies it to the electric load 31. Note that the reverse power flow from the power conversion device 42 electrically connected to the electric vehicle 40 to the power system 30 may be prohibited or permitted, but is not particularly limited here.
　電力変換装置２２および電力変換装置４２の動作は、制御装置５０により制御される。制御装置５０は、ここではＨＥＭＳ（Home Energy Management System）用のコントローラを想定している。この種の制御装置５０は、需要家１で使用する電気負荷３１ないし電気設備との通信が可能であって、電気負荷３１ないし電気設備の動作状態の監視および制御を行う。ここでは、電力変換装置２２および電力変換装置４２は、制御装置５０の監視および制御の対象である電気設備に相当する。 The operations of the power conversion device 22 and the power conversion device 42 are controlled by the control device 50. Here, the control device 50 is assumed to be a controller for HEMS (Home Energy Management System). This type of control device 50 can communicate with the electrical load 31 or electrical equipment used by the consumer 1 and monitors and controls the operating state of the electrical load 31 or electrical equipment. Here, the power converter 22 and the power converter 42 correspond to electrical equipment that is the object of monitoring and control by the control device 50.
　ここに、自然エネルギーにより発電し、かつ発電した電力を電力系統３０に逆潮流することが許容されている発電設備２０（太陽電池２１および電力変換装置２２）と、制御装置５０とが、以下に説明する電力管理システム１００の主な構成要素になる。 Here, a power generation facility 20 (solar cell 21 and power conversion device 22) that is allowed to generate power by natural energy and allow the generated power to flow backward to the power system 30 and the control device 50 are as follows. It becomes a main component of the power management system 100 to be described.
　電力変換装置２２および電力変換装置４２は、制御装置５０と通信するために通信インターフェイス部（以下、通信インターフェイス部を「通信Ｉ／Ｆ部」という）４２１を備える。さらに、電動車両４０は、電力変換装置４２との間で電力の授受が可能な状態と、電力変換装置４２から切り離されて走行が可能な状態とが選択可能であるから、電力変換装置４２は両状態を判断する判断部４２２を備える。さらに、電力変換装置４２は、電動車両４０との間で通信を行い、蓄電池４１の蓄電量（残容量）および電動車両４０の識別情報を取得する取得部４２３を備える。 The power conversion device 22 and the power conversion device 42 include a communication interface unit (hereinafter, the communication interface unit is referred to as a “communication I / F unit”) 421 in order to communicate with the control device 50. Furthermore, since the electric vehicle 40 can select a state in which power can be exchanged with the power conversion device 42 and a state in which the electric vehicle 40 can travel after being disconnected from the power conversion device 42, the power conversion device 42 A determination unit 422 for determining both states is provided. Furthermore, the power conversion device 42 includes an acquisition unit 423 that communicates with the electric vehicle 40 and acquires the storage amount (remaining capacity) of the storage battery 41 and the identification information of the electric vehicle 40.
　制御装置５０は、図１に示すように、電気負荷３１ないし電気設備と通信する通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５１を備える。通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５１は、電波を伝送媒体とする無線通信、あるいは電力線を通信路に用いる電力線搬送通信を行うように構成される。制御装置５０と、電気負荷３１ないし電気設備との間の通信における通信プロトコルは、たとえばECHONET Lite（登録商標）が用いられる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the control device 50 includes a communication I / F unit 51 that communicates with the electrical load 31 or the electrical equipment. The communication I / F unit 51 is configured to perform wireless communication using radio waves as a transmission medium or power line carrier communication using a power line as a communication path. For example, ECHONET の 間 Lite (registered trademark) is used as a communication protocol in communication between the control device 50 and the electric load 31 or the electric equipment.
　通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５１は、電力変換装置２２および電力変換装置４２と通信することによって、電力変換装置２２および電力変換装置４２が把握している情報を取得する。通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５１は、電力変換装置２２からは、たとえば、太陽電池２１が発電した電力に関する情報および電力変換装置２２から出力した電力に関する情報を取得する。また、電力変換装置２２は、電力系統３０の電圧を監視する機能も備え、この電圧に関する情報も通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５１が取得する。また、通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５１は、電力変換装置４２からは、たとえば、電動車両４０と電力の授受が可能か否かの情報、取得部４２３が電動車両４０から取得した蓄電池４１の残容量に関する情報、電動車両４０の識別情報などを取得する。 The communication I / F unit 51 acquires information grasped by the power converter 22 and the power converter 42 by communicating with the power converter 22 and the power converter 42. The communication I / F unit 51 acquires, for example, information related to the power generated by the solar cell 21 and information related to the power output from the power conversion device 22 from the power conversion device 22. The power conversion device 22 also has a function of monitoring the voltage of the power system 30, and the communication I / F unit 51 also acquires information regarding this voltage. The communication I / F unit 51 also relates to, for example, information on whether or not power can be exchanged with the electric vehicle 40 from the power conversion device 42, and the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 acquired from the electric vehicle 40 by the acquisition unit 423. Information, identification information of the electric vehicle 40, and the like are acquired.
　通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５１が受け取った情報は、制御装置５０に設けられた処理部５２に与えられる。処理部５２は、通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５１のほかに、入力部５３および通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５４から与えられる情報も利用して、蓄電池４１の充電および放電の計画を設定する。また、処理部５２は、後述するように、指示部５２１、調節部５２２、予測部５２３、第１の通知部５２４、第２の通知部５２５を備える。入力部５３は、利用者が電動車両４０の利用を希望する時間帯および行き先（ないし走行距離）を含む利用スケジュールの情報を受け取る。利用スケジュールの情報は、入力部５３と通信する操作表示装置３から入力される。また、通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５４は、インターネットのような電気通信回線２を通して天気予報に関する情報を取得する。 The information received by the communication I / F unit 51 is given to the processing unit 52 provided in the control device 50. In addition to the communication I / F unit 51, the processing unit 52 also uses information provided from the input unit 53 and the communication I / F unit 54 to set a plan for charging and discharging the storage battery 41. Moreover, the process part 52 is provided with the instruction | indication part 521, the adjustment part 522, the estimation part 523, the 1st notification part 524, and the 2nd notification part 525 so that it may mention later. The input unit 53 receives information on a usage schedule including a time zone in which the user desires to use the electric vehicle 40 and a destination (or travel distance). Information on the usage schedule is input from the operation display device 3 that communicates with the input unit 53. In addition, the communication I / F unit 54 acquires information related to the weather forecast through the telecommunication line 2 such as the Internet.
　制御装置５０は、処理部５２における指示部５２１が生成した情報を提示装置としての操作表示装置３に対して出力する出力部５５を備える。ここに、操作表示装置３は、表示器となる表示装置の画面に操作器となる透明なタッチスイッチを重ねたタッチパネル式の構成が望ましいが、表示器と操作器とを別に備える構成であってもよい。また、操作表示装置３は、入力部５３および出力部５５との間で、有線あるいは無線で通信する専用装置を用いることが可能であるが、スマートフォンあるいはタブレット端末のように、無線通信の機能を有する汎用の装置であってもよい。さらにまた、表示器がテレビジョン受像機、操作器がテレビジョン受像機に付属するリモコン装置であってもよい。すなわち、操作表示装置３は、表示器と操作器とが互いに異なる筐体を有していてもよい。 The control device 50 includes an output unit 55 that outputs information generated by the instruction unit 521 in the processing unit 52 to the operation display device 3 as a presentation device. Here, the operation display device 3 is preferably a touch panel type configuration in which a transparent touch switch serving as an operation device is superimposed on the screen of the display device serving as a display device. However, the operation display device 3 includes a display device and an operation device separately. Also good. The operation display device 3 can use a dedicated device that performs wired or wireless communication between the input unit 53 and the output unit 55, but has a wireless communication function like a smartphone or a tablet terminal. It may be a general-purpose device. Furthermore, the display device may be a television receiver, and the operation device may be a remote control device attached to the television receiver. That is, the operation display device 3 may have a housing in which the display device and the operation device are different from each other.
　制御装置５０は、記憶部５６を備える。記憶部５６は、太陽電池２１が発電した電力の実績を、発電時の気象（日照量および気温）と対応付けて記憶する。また、記憶部５６は、電気負荷３１が消費した電力の実績を日時に対応付けて記憶する。電気負荷３１が消費した電力は、電力線３２を通過する電力を計測する計測装置（図示せず）から制御装置５０により取得される。この計測装置は、需要家１で消費された電力の総量を求めればよいから、電力メータで代用することも可能である。さらに、記憶部５６は、利用者が設定した電動車両４０の利用スケジュールに関する情報も記憶する。 The control device 50 includes a storage unit 56. The memory | storage part 56 matches and memorize | stores the performance of the electric power which the solar cell 21 generated with the weather (sunshine amount and temperature) at the time of electric power generation. In addition, the storage unit 56 stores the actual power consumed by the electrical load 31 in association with the date and time. The power consumed by the electrical load 31 is acquired by the control device 50 from a measuring device (not shown) that measures the power passing through the power line 32. Since this measuring device should just obtain | require the total amount of the electric power consumed by the consumer 1, it is also possible to substitute with an electric power meter. Furthermore, the memory | storage part 56 also memorize | stores the information regarding the utilization schedule of the electric vehicle 40 which the user set.
　処理部５２における予測部５２３は、当日の日中あるいは翌日の日中において太陽電池２１が発電する電力を予測する。太陽電池２１が発電する電力の予測には、通信Ｉ／Ｆ部５４が取得した天気予報に関する情報と、記憶部５６が記憶している太陽電池２１による発電電力の実績と、発電時の日照量および温度とが用いられる。日中は、太陽電池２１が太陽からの日射を得て発電する時間帯を意味する。 The prediction unit 523 in the processing unit 52 predicts the electric power generated by the solar cell 21 during the day of the day or the day of the next day. For the prediction of the power generated by the solar cell 21, information on the weather forecast acquired by the communication I / F unit 54, the actual power generated by the solar cell 21 stored in the storage unit 56, and the amount of sunshine during power generation And temperature are used. The daytime means a time zone in which the solar cell 21 generates power by obtaining solar radiation.
　また、予測部５２３は、記憶部５６が記憶している太陽電池２１の発電電力の実績、電力系統３０の電圧の実績、太陽電池２１の発電電力の予測に基づいて、当日の日中あるいは翌日の日中における電力の需給関係を予測する。つまり、予測部５２３は、当日の日中あるいは翌日の日中において、需要家１から電力系統３０に供給される電力が、電力系統３０から需要家１に供給する電力を上回るか否かを予測する。言い換えると、予測部５２３は、当日の日中または翌日の日中に、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲（たとえば、電圧線と中性線との線間電圧が９５～１０７Ｖ）の上限値以上になるか否かを予測する。 Further, the prediction unit 523 is based on the day of the day or the next day based on the actual power generation power of the solar cell 21 stored in the storage unit 56, the actual power voltage of the power system 30, and the predicted power generation of the solar cell 21. The power supply-demand relationship during the day. That is, the prediction unit 523 predicts whether or not the power supplied from the customer 1 to the power grid 30 exceeds the power supplied from the power grid 30 to the customer 1 during the day of the day or the next day. To do. In other words, the prediction unit 523 determines that the voltage of the power system 30 is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the limit range (for example, the line voltage between the voltage line and the neutral line is 95 to 107 V) during the day of the day or the day of the next day. Predict whether or not
　ここで、予測部５２３により、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲の上限値以上になると予測される期間が生じると、この期間には、太陽電池２１が発電した電力を電力系統３０に供給できない可能性がある。ただし、この期間に、電力変換装置４２と電動車両４０との間で電力の授受が可能な状態であり、かつ蓄電池４１が満充電でなければ、太陽電池２１が発電した電力を蓄電池４１の充電に用いることは可能である。電力系統３０の電圧が上昇する場合に、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１を充電すれば、電力系統３０から見て負荷が増加したことになり、結果として電力系統３０の電圧を引き下げることが可能になる。 Here, if a period occurs when the prediction unit 523 predicts that the voltage of the power system 30 is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the limit range, the power generated by the solar cell 21 may not be supplied to the power system 30 during this period. There is sex. However, during this period, power can be exchanged between the power converter 42 and the electric vehicle 40, and if the storage battery 41 is not fully charged, the power generated by the solar battery 21 is charged to the storage battery 41. It is possible to use it. If the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 is charged when the voltage of the electric power system 30 increases, the load increases as viewed from the electric power system 30, and as a result, the voltage of the electric power system 30 can be lowered. .
　上述のように、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲の上限値を超えることが予測される場合に、制限範囲を超えないようにするには、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１を充電しなければならない。そして、蓄電池４１の充電が可能であるためには、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１と電力変換装置４２との間で電力の授受が可能であるという条件と、蓄電池４１が満充電ではないという条件とを満たさなければならない。以下、前者の条件を「第１条件」とし、後者の条件を「第２条件」とする。また、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲の上限値以上になることに対して、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１を充電することにより対応する期間を「対策期間」と呼ぶ。 As described above, when the voltage of the power system 30 is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range, the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 must be charged so as not to exceed the limit range. And in order to be able to charge the storage battery 41, the conditions that the transfer of electric power is possible between the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 and the power converter device 42, and the condition that the storage battery 41 is not fully charged, Must be met. Hereinafter, the former condition is referred to as “first condition”, and the latter condition is referred to as “second condition”. In addition, a period corresponding to charging of the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 when the voltage of the power system 30 is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the limit range is referred to as a “measure period”.
　第２条件が満足されるか否かは、蓄電池４１の電力の利用状況に依存するから、需要家１ごとに異なる。たとえば、対策期間の前に電動車両４０が走行していた場合、あるいは対策期間の前に蓄電池４１の電力を需要家１の電気負荷３１で利用していた場合は、蓄電池４１の残容量（蓄電量）は低下し、充電可能な状態になっている。その一方で、対策期間の前に、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１が満充電であるか、残容量が満充電に近い状態になっている場合もある。 Whether or not the second condition is satisfied depends on the power usage of the storage battery 41, and thus differs for each customer 1. For example, when the electric vehicle 40 is traveling before the countermeasure period, or when the electric power of the storage battery 41 is used by the electric load 31 of the consumer 1 before the countermeasure period, the remaining capacity (storage power of the storage battery 41 is stored). Amount) has fallen and is ready for charging. On the other hand, before the countermeasure period, the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 may be fully charged, or the remaining capacity may be close to full charge.
　そこで、予測部５２３は、電動車両４０の利用スケジュール、電気負荷３１で消費される電力の実績などの情報に基づいて、対策期間における蓄電池４１の残容量を予測する。予測した残容量が第２条件を満足する場合、処理部５２を構成する第１の通知部５２４は、出力部５５を通して操作表示装置３に対策期間を提示し、且つ対策期間を含むように設定した第１の期間における電動車両４０の利用を控えるように、メッセージを通知する。 Therefore, the prediction unit 523 predicts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 during the countermeasure period based on information such as the usage schedule of the electric vehicle 40 and the actual power consumed by the electric load 31. When the predicted remaining capacity satisfies the second condition, the first notification unit 524 that constitutes the processing unit 52 presents the countermeasure period to the operation display device 3 through the output unit 55, and is set to include the countermeasure period. A message is notified so as to refrain from using the electric vehicle 40 in the first period.
　第１の期間は、後述するように、対策期間の前に蓄電池４１の電力を電気負荷３１で消費させる場合に、対策期間の開始以前に電動車両４０の蓄電池４１から電力変換装置４２に電力を受け渡すための期間を含む。 In the first period, as will be described later, when the power of the storage battery 41 is consumed by the electric load 31 before the countermeasure period, the power is transferred from the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 to the power converter 42 before the countermeasure period starts. Includes a period for delivery.
　電動車両４０の利用者がメッセージに従うか否かは保証のかぎりではないが、需要家１が多数であれば、メッセージに応じて電動車両４０の走行を控える利用者の数が多くなり、結果として、電力系統３０の電圧を低下させることが可能になる。 Whether or not the user of the electric vehicle 40 follows the message is not guaranteed, but if there are many consumers 1, the number of users who refrain from running the electric vehicle 40 according to the message increases, and as a result The voltage of the power system 30 can be reduced.
　電動車両４０の蓄電池４１を充電すると、電力系統３０の電圧が低下するから、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１の充電を指示している指示部５２１は、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲に維持されるように、電力変換装置４２を制御して充電電流を調節する。それぞれの需要家１の制御装置５０は、太陽電池２１が発電する電力が需要家１に応じて設定された規定値以下になれば、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲を逸脱することはないと判断する。判断時において、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１が、走行予定の距離に必要な蓄電量に達していなければ、指示部５２１は蓄電池４１の充電を継続させ、走行予定の距離に必要な蓄電量に達していれば、指示部５２１は蓄電池４１の充電を停止させる。また、当然のことであるが、指示部５２１は、対策期間の途中であっても、蓄電池４１が満充電になれば、電力変換装置４２から蓄電池４１への電力供給を停止する。 When the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 is charged, the voltage of the electric power system 30 decreases. Therefore, the instruction unit 521 instructing the charging of the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 maintains the voltage of the electric power system 30 in the restricted range. As described above, the power converter 42 is controlled to adjust the charging current. The control device 50 of each consumer 1 does not cause the voltage of the power system 30 to deviate from the limit range if the power generated by the solar cell 21 is equal to or less than a predetermined value set according to the consumer 1. to decide. At the time of determination, if the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 has not reached the power storage amount required for the planned travel distance, the instruction unit 521 continues to charge the storage battery 41 and reaches the power storage amount required for the planned travel distance. If so, the instruction unit 521 stops the charging of the storage battery 41. As a matter of course, the instruction unit 521 stops the power supply from the power conversion device 42 to the storage battery 41 when the storage battery 41 is fully charged even during the countermeasure period.
　なお、第２条件を満たさない需要家１については、電力系統３０の電圧を引き下げるために電動車両４０を利用することはできないから、第１の通知部５２４は、操作表示装置３に対する対策期間の提示およびメッセージの通知は行わなくてもよい。制御装置５０は、電動車両４０の利用が許可される期間としての第２の期間を操作表示装置３に通知する第２の通知部５２５を備えている。第２の通知部５２５が第２の期間を通知することにより、利用者は電動車両４０が利用可能な期間を知ることができるから、電動車両４０を利用する際の計画が立てやすくなる。なお、ここでは、電動車両４０の利用は、電動車両４０を走行させることを意味する。 In addition, about the consumer 1 which does not satisfy | fill 2nd conditions, since the electric vehicle 40 cannot be used in order to reduce the voltage of the electric power grid | system 30, the 1st notification part 524 of the countermeasure period with respect to the operation display apparatus 3 is used. Presentation and message notification need not be performed. The control device 50 includes a second notification unit 525 that notifies the operation display device 3 of a second period as a period during which use of the electric vehicle 40 is permitted. When the second notification unit 525 notifies the second period, the user can know the period in which the electric vehicle 40 can be used, so that a plan for using the electric vehicle 40 can be easily made. Here, the use of the electric vehicle 40 means running the electric vehicle 40.
　上述した構成例は、電力系統３０が共通である多数の需要家１が電動車両４０を保有している場合を想定しているが、電動車両４０を保有する需要家１が少数である場合には、第２条件を満足する需要家１の割合を高める必要がある。 The configuration example described above assumes a case where a large number of customers 1 sharing the power system 30 have the electric vehicle 40, but when there are a small number of customers 1 that have the electric vehicle 40. Needs to increase the proportion of consumers 1 that satisfy the second condition.
　そこで、対策期間が生じた場合、電動車両４０を保有する需要家１の制御装置５０は、対策期間の前日に操作表示装置３を用いて対策期間が生じることを通知する。また、制御装置５０は、対策期間において電動車両４０の蓄電池４１への充電に同意するか否かを操作表示装置３によって利用者に問い合わせる。問い合わせに対して利用者から操作表示装置３を通して同意が得られた場合、制御装置５０の調節部５２２は、対策期間の前日の夜間に電気負荷３１が消費する電力を、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１から供給するように電力変換装置４２を制御する。なお、蓄電池４１の電力を利用する期間は、前日の夜間ではなく、対策期間が生じる当日の午前中とすることも可能である。 Therefore, when the countermeasure period occurs, the control device 50 of the customer 1 who owns the electric vehicle 40 notifies that the countermeasure period is generated using the operation display device 3 on the day before the countermeasure period. In addition, the control device 50 inquires of the user through the operation display device 3 whether or not they agree to charge the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 during the countermeasure period. When consent is obtained from the user through the operation display device 3 for the inquiry, the adjustment unit 522 of the control device 50 uses the power consumed by the electric load 31 at night before the countermeasure period for the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40. The power converter 42 is controlled to be supplied from It should be noted that the period for using the power of the storage battery 41 can be not the night of the previous day but the morning of the day when the countermeasure period occurs.
　上述したように、調節部５２２の動作によって、蓄電池４１の残容量は対策期間までに減少するから、対策期間においては第２条件が満たされ、蓄電池４１に充電することが可能になる。つまり、調節部５２２が、対策期間の前に蓄電池４１の残容量を調節することによって、対策期間には蓄電池４１は充電が可能であり、電力系統３０の電圧を確実に低下させることができるようになる。この場合、第１条件を満足させるために、電動車両４０の運転を控えるように促すことはもちろんのことである。 As described above, since the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 is reduced by the operation of the adjustment unit 522, the second condition is satisfied in the countermeasure period, and the storage battery 41 can be charged. That is, the adjustment unit 522 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 before the countermeasure period, so that the storage battery 41 can be charged during the countermeasure period, and the voltage of the power system 30 can be reliably reduced. become. In this case, in order to satisfy the first condition, it is a matter of course that the user is prompted to refrain from driving the electric vehicle 40.
　なお、対策期間の前に電動車両４０を利用することを促すようにしても、蓄電池４１の残容量を低下させることが可能であるから、第２の通知部５２５が、対策期間の前に、電動車両４０の利用を促すメッセージを、操作表示装置３に通知するようにしてもよい。 In addition, even if it is urged to use the electric vehicle 40 before the countermeasure period, it is possible to reduce the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41, so the second notification unit 525 before the countermeasure period, A message prompting the use of the electric vehicle 40 may be notified to the operation display device 3.
　上述した制御装置５０は、プログラムに従って動作するプロセッサを備えたコンピュータを主なハードウェア要素として備える。この種のコンピュータは、メモリをプロセッサと一体に備えるマイコン、プロセッサとメモリとを個別に備える構成などがある。コンピュータを、上述した制御装置５０として機能させるためのプログラムは、コンピュータに搭載されるＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）により提供されるか、電気通信回線２を通して提供されるか、コンピュータで読取可能な記録媒体により提供される。 The control device 50 described above includes a computer including a processor that operates according to a program as a main hardware element. This type of computer includes a microcomputer that includes a memory integrally with a processor, and a configuration that includes a processor and a memory separately. A program for causing a computer to function as the above-described control device 50 is provided by a ROM (Read Only Memory) mounted on the computer, provided through the telecommunication line 2, or a computer-readable recording medium. Provided by.
　上述した構成例は、すべての需要家１に太陽電池２１が設置され、かつすべての需要家１が電動車両４０を保有している場合を想定しているが、この条件は必ずしも必要ではない。すなわち、太陽電池２１が設置された需要家１と電動車両４０を保有する需要家１とが、共通の電力系統（低圧配電線路あるいは高圧配電線路）３０に電気的に接続されている場合であっても、本実施形態で説明した技術は適用可能である。 The above-described configuration example assumes a case in which the solar cells 21 are installed in all the consumers 1 and all the consumers 1 have the electric vehicles 40, but this condition is not always necessary. That is, this is a case where the consumer 1 in which the solar cell 21 is installed and the consumer 1 that owns the electric vehicle 40 are electrically connected to a common power system (low voltage distribution line or high voltage distribution line) 30. However, the technique described in the present embodiment is applicable.
　以下に説明する実施形態は、図３に示すように、図２で示した構成に対して、需要家１に蓄電設備６０を付加した構成である。蓄電設備６０は、蓄電池６１と電力変換装置６２とにより構成されている。図３に示す例において、電力変換装置６２は、電力変換装置４２とは機能が異なるために分離して記載しているが、装置としては１つのケースに収納することが可能である。また、蓄電池６１と電力変換装置６２とを一体にしてケースに収納した構成を採用してもよい。 As shown in FIG. 3, the embodiment described below is a configuration in which a power storage facility 60 is added to the customer 1 with respect to the configuration shown in FIG. 2. The power storage facility 60 includes a storage battery 61 and a power conversion device 62. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the power conversion device 62 is described separately because the function is different from that of the power conversion device 42, but the device can be stored in one case. Moreover, you may employ | adopt the structure which integrated the storage battery 61 and the power converter device 62, and accommodated in the case.
　電力変換装置６２は、基本的な機能は、電力変換装置４２と同様であって、直流と交流との間で双方向に電力を変換する機能を有する。すなわち、電力変換装置６２は、交流電力を直流電力に変換して蓄電池６１の充電を行い、蓄電池６１の直流電力を交流電力に変換する。電力変換装置６２は、電力変換装置２２および電力変換装置４２と同様に、電力線３２に電気的に接続される。また、電力変換装置６２は、電力変換装置２２および電力変換装置４２と同様に、制御装置５０と通信する。制御装置５０は、電力変換装置６２から蓄電池６１の残容量などに関する情報を取得し、電力変換装置６２に対して蓄電池６１の充電および放電の制御内容を指示する。電動車両４０が電気自動車である場合、蓄電池６１の容量は、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１の容量より少なくてよい。したがって、蓄電池６１は、一般的な蓄電設備と比較すれば安価に提供可能である。 The basic function of the power converter 62 is the same as that of the power converter 42, and has a function of converting power bidirectionally between direct current and alternating current. That is, the power converter 62 converts alternating current power into direct current power, charges the storage battery 61, and converts the direct current power of the storage battery 61 into alternating current power. The power converter 62 is electrically connected to the power line 32 in the same manner as the power converter 22 and the power converter 42. In addition, the power conversion device 62 communicates with the control device 50 in the same manner as the power conversion device 22 and the power conversion device 42. The control device 50 acquires information related to the remaining capacity of the storage battery 61 from the power conversion device 62 and instructs the power conversion device 62 to control the charging and discharging of the storage battery 61. When the electric vehicle 40 is an electric vehicle, the capacity of the storage battery 61 may be smaller than the capacity of the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40. Therefore, the storage battery 61 can be provided at a lower cost than a general power storage facility.
　図３に示す構成例では、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲の上限値以上になることが予測される期間に、蓄電池６１を充電することにより、電力系統３０の電圧上昇を抑制することが可能である。そのため、電動車両４０の利用が対策期間の一部または全部において必要になる需要家１であっても、蓄電池６１の利用によって、電力系統３０の電圧上昇を抑制しながらも電動車両４０を利用することが可能になる。 In the configuration example shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to suppress an increase in voltage of the power system 30 by charging the storage battery 61 during a period in which the voltage of the power system 30 is predicted to be equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the limit range. It is. Therefore, even if the customer 1 needs to use the electric vehicle 40 in part or all of the countermeasure period, the electric vehicle 40 is used while suppressing the voltage increase of the power system 30 by using the storage battery 61. It becomes possible.
　たとえば、１０：００～１６：００が対策期間であり、かつ利用者は、子供の送迎のために、電動車両４０を１５：００～１６：３０に利用しなければならないと仮定する。このような場面では、対策期間のうちの１時間は電動車両４０を利用しなければならないから、電力系統３０の電圧上昇の抑制に電動車両４０を用いることができない。これに対して、図３に示した構成では、対策期間において、電動車両４０の蓄電池４１に充電することができない期間には、蓄電池６１に充電することによって、電力系統３０の電圧上昇を抑制することが可能になる。 For example, it is assumed that 10:00 to 16:00 is a countermeasure period and the user must use the electric vehicle 40 from 15:00 to 16:30 for picking up a child. In such a scene, since the electric vehicle 40 must be used for one hour in the countermeasure period, the electric vehicle 40 cannot be used to suppress the voltage increase of the power system 30. On the other hand, in the configuration shown in FIG. 3, during the countermeasure period, during the period when the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 cannot be charged, the storage battery 61 is charged to suppress the voltage increase of the power system 30. It becomes possible.
　図３に示す構成例では、対策期間のうち電動車両４０の利用が可能である時間は、蓄電池６１の容量および残容量に依存する。蓄電池６１の容量は変更できないから、制御装置５０は、電動車両４０を利用する時間に応じて蓄電池６１の残容量（蓄電量）を調節する。蓄電池６１の残容量を決定するには、対策期間が生じる日の前日に、利用者が操作表示装置３を操作することにより、電動車両４０を利用する予定の時間帯を制御装置５０に通知させる。電動車両４０を利用する時間帯が決まれば、充電量の予測が可能になるから、制御装置５０は、予測した充電量を満足するように、夜間に蓄電池６１の残容量を調節する。蓄電池６１の残容量は、対策期間が開始されるまでに、蓄電池６１の電力を電気負荷３１に消費させるか、蓄電池６１の電力により電動車両４０の蓄電池４１を充電させることで調節される。 In the configuration example shown in FIG. 3, the time during which the electric vehicle 40 can be used during the countermeasure period depends on the capacity and remaining capacity of the storage battery 61. Since the capacity | capacitance of the storage battery 61 cannot be changed, the control apparatus 50 adjusts the remaining capacity (electric storage amount) of the storage battery 61 according to the time which uses the electric vehicle 40. FIG. In order to determine the remaining capacity of the storage battery 61, the user operates the operation display device 3 on the day before the day when the countermeasure period occurs, so that the control device 50 is notified of the time zone in which the electric vehicle 40 is scheduled to be used. . If the time zone in which the electric vehicle 40 is used is determined, the charge amount can be predicted. Therefore, the control device 50 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 61 at night so as to satisfy the predicted charge amount. The remaining capacity of the storage battery 61 is adjusted by consuming the power of the storage battery 61 to the electric load 31 or charging the storage battery 41 of the electric vehicle 40 with the power of the storage battery 61 before the countermeasure period is started.
　ここにおいて、蓄電池６１は需要家１ごとに設けられているが、電力系統３０を共通にしている需要家１の一部にのみ蓄電池６１および電力変換装置６２が設けられていてもよい。 Here, the storage battery 61 is provided for each consumer 1, but the storage battery 61 and the power conversion device 62 may be provided only in a part of the consumer 1 sharing the power system 30.
　なお、地域内の需要家１に設置された制御装置５０を統合する処理装置（図示せず）が設けられる場合、処理装置が、需要家１ごとに設けられた制御装置５０から情報を取得し、情報を集約することにより、電力の需給関係を予測してもよい。この場合、消費した電力の実績に基づいて太陽電池２１が発電する日中において、需要家１が消費する電力を制御装置５０が予測すれば、処理装置が管理する範囲内で、太陽電池２１が発電する電力の総和と、需要家１で消費される電力の総和とがわかる。つまり、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲の上限値以上になるか否かを予測することが可能になる。 In addition, when the processing apparatus (not shown) which integrates the control apparatus 50 installed in the consumer 1 in an area is provided, a processing apparatus acquires information from the control apparatus 50 provided for every consumer 1. The power supply-demand relationship may be predicted by aggregating information. In this case, if the control device 50 predicts the power consumed by the customer 1 during the daytime when the solar cell 21 generates power based on the results of the consumed power, the solar cell 21 is within the range managed by the processing device. It can be seen that the total amount of power to be generated and the total amount of power consumed by the customer 1. That is, it is possible to predict whether or not the voltage of the power system 30 is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the limit range.
　以上述べたように、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、以下の第１の特徴を有する。 As described above, the control device 50 of the present embodiment has the following first feature.
　第１の特徴では、制御装置５０は、電力系統３０から受電する複数の需要家１のうちの一部または全部の需要家１に設けられ、電動車両４０に搭載された走行用の蓄電池４１の充電および放電を制御する。制御装置５０は、指示部５２１と、調節部５２２とを備える。指示部５２１は、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲の上限値を超えると予測される期間を対策期間とし、対策期間において、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲を維持するように蓄電池４１の充電を指示する。調節部５２２は、対策期間において電力系統３０の電圧を制限範囲に維持するための充電が可能になるように、対策期間より前に蓄電池４１の残容量を調節する。 In the first feature, the control device 50 is provided in a part or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30, and includes a storage battery 41 for traveling mounted on the electric vehicle 40. Control charging and discharging. The control device 50 includes an instruction unit 521 and an adjustment unit 522. The instruction unit 521 sets a period during which the voltage of the power system 30 is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range as a countermeasure period, and charges the storage battery 41 so that the voltage of the power system 30 maintains the limit range in the countermeasure period. Instruct. The adjustment unit 522 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 before the countermeasure period so that charging for maintaining the voltage of the power system 30 in the limit range is possible in the countermeasure period.
　また、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、第１の特徴に加えて、以下の第２の特徴を有していてもよい。 In addition to the first feature, the control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following second feature.
　第２の特徴では、調節部５２２は、需要家１に設けられた電気負荷３１に蓄電池４１から電力を供給することで、蓄電池４１の残容量を調節する。 In the second feature, the adjustment unit 522 adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 by supplying power from the storage battery 41 to the electric load 31 provided in the consumer 1.
　また、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、第１又は第２の特徴に加えて、以下の第３の特徴を有していてもよい。 Further, the control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following third feature in addition to the first or second feature.
　第３の特徴では、制御装置５０は、電力系統３０から受電する複数の需要家１のうちの一部または全部の需要家１に発電設備２０が設置されている場合に、予測部５２３を備える。発電設備２０は、自然エネルギーにより発電し、かつ発電した電力を電力系統３０に逆潮流することが許容されている設備である。予測部５２３は、発電設備２０が発電する電力と需要家１で消費する電力とを予測することにより対策期間を定める。 In the third feature, the control device 50 includes the prediction unit 523 when the power generation equipment 20 is installed in some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30. . The power generation facility 20 is a facility that generates power using natural energy and is allowed to reversely flow the generated power to the power system 30. The prediction unit 523 determines the countermeasure period by predicting the power generated by the power generation facility 20 and the power consumed by the customer 1.
　また、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、第３の特徴に加えて、以下の第４の特徴を有していてもよい。 Further, the control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following fourth feature in addition to the third feature.
　第４の特徴では、発電設備２０は、太陽電池２１を備える太陽光発電設備である。 In the fourth feature, the power generation facility 20 is a solar power generation facility including a solar cell 21.
　また、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、第１～第４の何れかの特徴に加えて、以下の第５の特徴を有していてもよい。 Further, the control device 50 according to the present embodiment may have the following fifth feature in addition to any of the first to fourth features.
　第５の特徴では、制御装置５０は、対策期間より前に、対策期間を含み電動車両４０の利用を控えさせる第１の期間を提示装置（操作表示装置３）に通知する第１の通知部５２４を備える。 In the fifth feature, the control device 50 notifies the presentation device (operation display device 3) of a first period that includes the countermeasure period and refrains from using the electric vehicle 40 before the countermeasure period. 524.
　また、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、第１～第５の何れかの特徴に加えて、以下の第６の特徴を有していてもよい。 Also, the control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following sixth feature in addition to any of the first to fifth features.
　第６の特徴では、制御装置５０は、対策期間より前に、対策期間を除く期間のうち電動車両４０の利用を許可する第２の期間を提示装置（操作表示装置３）に通知する第２の通知部５２５を備える。 In the sixth feature, the control device 50 notifies the presentation device (operation display device 3) of a second period during which the use of the electric vehicle 40 is permitted before the countermeasure period. The notification unit 525 is provided.
　また、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、第１～第６の何れかの特徴に加えて、以下の第７の特徴を有していてもよい。 Further, the control device 50 of the present embodiment may have the following seventh feature in addition to any of the first to sixth features.
　第７の特徴では、制御装置５０は、電力系統３０から受電する複数の需要家１のうちの一部または全部の需要家１に、蓄電設備６０が設置されている場合に、調節部５２２が以下の動作を行う。蓄電設備６０は、電力系統３０に電気的に接続され、かつ充電および放電を行う。調節部５２２は、対策期間より前に、対策期間のうちで電動車両４０を利用する時間が指定されると、対策期間において電力系統３０の電圧を制限範囲に維持するための蓄電設備６０の充電が可能になるように、対策期間より前に蓄電設備６０の残容量を調節する。 In the seventh feature, when the power storage facility 60 is installed in some or all of the plurality of consumers 1 that receive power from the power system 30, the control device 50 includes the adjustment unit 522. The following operations are performed. The power storage facility 60 is electrically connected to the power system 30 and performs charging and discharging. When the time for using the electric vehicle 40 is designated in the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period, the adjustment unit 522 charges the power storage facility 60 for maintaining the voltage of the power system 30 in the limit range in the countermeasure period. Therefore, the remaining capacity of the power storage facility 60 is adjusted before the countermeasure period.
　また、本実施形態の電力管理システム１００は、以下の第８の特徴を有する。 Further, the power management system 100 of the present embodiment has the following eighth feature.
　第８の特徴では、電力管理システム１００は、発電設備２０と、第３～第７の何れかの特徴を有する制御装置５０とを備える。発電設備２０は、自然エネルギーにより発電し、かつ発電した電力を電力系統３０に逆潮流することが許容されている。 In the eighth feature, the power management system 100 includes a power generation facility 20 and a control device 50 having any one of the third to seventh features. The power generation facility 20 is allowed to generate natural energy and to reversely flow the generated power to the power system 30.
　本実施形態の制御装置５０は、電動車両４０に搭載された走行用の蓄電池４１を充電することにより、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲を超えて上昇することを防止できる。つまり、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、専用の蓄電設備を設けることなく電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲を超えて上昇することを防止できる。また、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、電力系統３０の電圧が制限範囲の上限値を超える期間を対策期間として予測し、対策期間の前に蓄電池４１の残容量を調節する。このため、本実施形態の制御装置５０は、電動車両４０に搭載された蓄電池４１を利用しながらも、対策期間には電力系統３０の電圧を確実に引き下げられるという効果を奏する。 The control device 50 of the present embodiment can prevent the voltage of the power system 30 from rising beyond the limit range by charging the traveling storage battery 41 mounted on the electric vehicle 40. That is, the control device 50 of the present embodiment can prevent the voltage of the power system 30 from rising beyond the limit range without providing a dedicated power storage facility. Moreover, the control apparatus 50 of this embodiment estimates the period when the voltage of the electric power grid | system 30 exceeds the upper limit of a restriction | limiting range as a countermeasure period, and adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 before a countermeasure period. For this reason, the control apparatus 50 of this embodiment has the effect that the voltage of the electric power grid | system 30 can be reliably pulled down during a countermeasure period, using the storage battery 41 mounted in the electric vehicle 40. FIG.

Claims (8)

  1. 　電力系統から受電する複数の需要家のうちの一部または全部の需要家に設けられ、電動車両に搭載された走行用の蓄電池の充電および放電を制御する制御装置であって、
    　前記電力系統の電圧が制限範囲の上限値を超えると予測される期間を対策期間とし、前記対策期間において、前記電力系統の電圧が前記制限範囲を維持するように前記蓄電池の充電を指示する指示部と、
    　前記対策期間において前記電力系統の電圧を前記制限範囲に維持するための充電が可能になるように、前記対策期間より前に前記蓄電池の残容量を調節する調節部とを備える
    　ことを特徴とする制御装置。     A control device that is provided in some or all of a plurality of consumers that receive power from an electric power system and controls charging and discharging of a storage battery for traveling mounted on an electric vehicle,
    A period in which the voltage of the power system is predicted to exceed the upper limit value of the limit range is taken as a countermeasure period, and an instruction to instruct charging of the storage battery so that the voltage of the power system maintains the limit range in the countermeasure period And
    An adjustment unit that adjusts the remaining capacity of the storage battery before the countermeasure period so as to enable charging for maintaining the voltage of the power system in the limit range in the countermeasure period. Control device.
  2. 　前記調節部は、前記需要家に設けられた電気負荷に前記蓄電池から電力を供給することで、前記蓄電池の残容量を調節する
    　請求項１記載の制御装置。     The control device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit adjusts a remaining capacity of the storage battery by supplying electric power from the storage battery to an electric load provided in the consumer.
  3. 　前記電力系統から受電する前記複数の需要家のうちの一部または全部の需要家に、自然エネルギーにより発電し、かつ発電した電力を前記電力系統に逆潮流することが許容されている発電設備が設置されている場合に、
    　前記発電設備が発電する電力と前記需要家で消費する電力とを予測することにより前記対策期間を定める予測部を備える
    　請求項１記載の制御装置。     A power generation facility that generates power from natural energy and allows the generated power to flow backward to the power system to some or all of the plurality of consumers that receive power from the power system. If installed,
    The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a prediction unit that determines the countermeasure period by predicting electric power generated by the power generation facility and electric power consumed by the consumer.
  4. 　前記発電設備は、太陽電池を備える太陽光発電設備である
    　請求項３記載の制御装置。     The control device according to claim 3, wherein the power generation facility is a solar power generation facility including a solar battery.
  5. 　前記対策期間より前に、前記対策期間を含み前記電動車両の利用を控えさせる第１の期間を提示装置に通知する第１の通知部を備える
    　請求項１記載の制御装置。     The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a first notification unit that notifies the presentation device of a first period that includes the countermeasure period and refrains from using the electric vehicle before the countermeasure period.
  6. 　前記対策期間より前に、前記対策期間を除く期間のうち前記電動車両の利用を許可する第２の期間を提示装置に通知する第２の通知部を備える
    　請求項１記載の制御装置。     The control device according to claim 1, further comprising: a second notification unit configured to notify a presentation device of a second period during which the use of the electric vehicle is permitted among periods other than the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period.
  7. 　前記電力系統から受電する前記複数の需要家のうちの一部または全部の需要家に、前記電力系統に電気的に接続され、かつ充電および放電を行う蓄電設備が設置されている場合に、
    　前記調節部は、前記対策期間より前に、前記対策期間のうちで前記電動車両を利用する時間が指定されると、前記対策期間において前記電力系統の電圧を前記制限範囲に維持するための前記蓄電設備の充電が可能になるように、前記対策期間より前に前記蓄電設備の残容量を調節する
    　請求項１記載の制御装置。     When a power storage facility that is electrically connected to the power system and performs charging and discharging is installed on some or all of the plurality of consumers that receive power from the power system,
    When the time for using the electric vehicle is specified in the countermeasure period before the countermeasure period, the adjusting unit is configured to maintain the voltage of the power system in the limit range in the countermeasure period. The control device according to claim 1, wherein a remaining capacity of the power storage facility is adjusted before the countermeasure period so that the power storage facility can be charged.
  8. 　自然エネルギーにより発電し、かつ発電した電力を前記電力系統に逆潮流することが許容されている発電設備と、
    　請求項３記載の制御装置とを備える
    　ことを特徴とする電力管理システム。     A power generation facility that generates power using natural energy and is allowed to reversely flow the generated power to the power system;
    A power management system comprising: the control device according to claim 3.
PCT/JP2014/003396 2013-07-03 2014-06-25 Control device and power management system WO2015001767A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013-140224 2013-07-03
JP2013140224A JP2015015800A (en) 2013-07-03 2013-07-03 Control device, and power management system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015001767A1 true WO2015001767A1 (en) 2015-01-08

Family

ID=52143370

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2014/003396 WO2015001767A1 (en) 2013-07-03 2014-06-25 Control device and power management system

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2015015800A (en)
WO (1) WO2015001767A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6643895B2 (en) * 2015-12-18 2020-02-12 シャープ株式会社 Control device, storage battery management system, and control method for controlling charging of storage battery
CN108886255B (en) * 2016-03-29 2021-11-23 京瓷株式会社 Power management device, power management system, and power management method
CN107508327B (en) * 2017-10-20 2020-07-24 云南电网有限责任公司 Power distribution network autonomous region grid-connected power control method based on model predictive control
JP7103867B2 (en) * 2018-06-26 2022-07-20 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Power supply system
JP7378048B2 (en) * 2018-10-04 2023-11-13 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Charging control system, charging control method, charging schedule generation method and program
JP6766220B2 (en) * 2019-06-05 2020-10-07 京セラ株式会社 Consumer communication equipment, vehicles and communication methods

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010088147A (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-15 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Power supply and demand system
JP2010098793A (en) * 2008-10-14 2010-04-30 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Power demand and supply system
WO2012017937A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2012-02-09 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Power demand-and-supply equalization system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010088147A (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-15 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Power supply and demand system
JP2010098793A (en) * 2008-10-14 2010-04-30 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Power demand and supply system
WO2012017937A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2012-02-09 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Power demand-and-supply equalization system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2015015800A (en) 2015-01-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA3027939C (en) Method and apparatus for controlling power flow in a hybrid power system
JP5584763B2 (en) DC power distribution system
EP2568561B1 (en) Controller and method of controlling a power system
US8330293B2 (en) Power factor correction system
US11689118B2 (en) Converter with power management system for household users to manage power between different loads including their electric vehicle
WO2015001767A1 (en) Control device and power management system
CN108604820B (en) Management apparatus and control method
EP2983265B1 (en) Electric power conversion device, control system, and control method
JP2003079054A (en) Solar power generation system having storage battery
JPWO2011016273A1 (en) Energy system
US10431985B2 (en) Power management method
WO2015001775A1 (en) Power management system, notification device, control device, monitor device
JP6828567B2 (en) Grid interconnection system and power system
US20210194262A1 (en) Charge and discharge control system, charge and discharge control method, and program
JP2011250673A (en) Energy controller and control method
JP6821904B2 (en) Power system
JP2015195726A (en) Power managing device, power managing system, power storage battery and power managing method
JP2013017284A (en) Power control system, electric apparatus and charge/discharge control section
KR20140137545A (en) Smart switchgear having energy storage module
US20150025702A1 (en) Energy management system
JP6892191B2 (en) Power system
WO2013151133A1 (en) Power distribution apparatus and power supply system
JP2017050903A (en) Energy management system, energy management apparatus, and energy management method
JP5952065B2 (en) Regional power supply system
US20190103756A1 (en) Power storage system, apparatus and method for controlling charge and discharge, and program

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14820490

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14820490

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1