KR20180058100A - Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system having the same. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic module comprises: a solar cell module having a plurality of solar cells; an inverter unit outputting an alternating current power source converted based on a direct current power source from the solar cell module; a cable outputting the alternating current power source from the inverter unit; and an infrared communication unit transmitting at least one of voltage information and current information of the solar cell module and voltage information and current information of the inverter unit to an adjacent first photovoltaic module, an external gateway, or an external infrared communication device. Therefore, bidirectional communication with an external terminal can be simply performed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic system having the photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar module and a solar cell system having the same, and more particularly, to a solar module capable of performing bidirectional communication with an external terminal and a solar cell system having the same.

With the recent depletion of existing energy sources such as oil and coal, interest in alternative energy to replace them is increasing. Among them, solar cells are attracting attention as a next-generation battery that converts solar energy directly into electrical energy using semiconductor devices.

Meanwhile, the photovoltaic module means that the solar cells for solar power generation are connected in series or in parallel.

On the other hand, when implementing a solar photovoltaic system having a plurality of solar modules and outputting AC power to the grid, it is necessary to monitor the information of each of the plurality of solar modules.

To do this, wireline power line communication is usually used. However, in the case of power line communication, there is a problem that power consumption is significant and manufacturing cost is increased.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solar module that can perform bidirectional communication with an external terminal simply.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar module including: a solar cell module having a plurality of solar cells; an inverter unit for outputting an AC power converted based on a DC power source from the solar cell module; An infrared receiver for receiving a data transmission request from an external terminal, and an optical output unit for transmitting data corresponding to the data transmission request using the outputted light.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar photovoltaic system including: a solar module outputting an AC power to a grid and including an infrared receiver and an optical output; an infrared transmitter for transmitting infrared rays; And a terminal including a light receiving unit for detecting an optical output of the optical module, wherein the terminal transmits a data transmission request through the infrared transmission unit and receives data from the solar module via the light receiving unit.

A solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell module having a plurality of solar cells, an inverter unit for outputting an AC power converted based on a DC power source from the solar cell module, An infrared ray receiving unit for receiving a data transmission request and an optical output unit for transmitting data corresponding to a data transmission request using the outputted light so that bidirectional communication with the external terminal can be performed simply.

In particular, when the terminal is located in the vicinity of the first area in the photovoltaic module, when a data transmission request from the terminal is received via the infrared receiver, data is transmitted to the other photovoltaic module It is possible to perform bidirectional communication with the terminal stably without interference.

On the other hand, the solar module transmits at least one of the output current information of the inverter section, the output voltage information, the output power information of the solar module, the frequency information of the AC power outputted from the inverter section, Thus, the terminal can easily monitor the operation state of the solar module.

On the other hand, when the solar module receives the firmware update information, it can easily perform the firmware update using the same.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar photovoltaic system including: a solar module outputting an AC power to a grid and including an infrared receiver and an optical output; an infrared transmitter for transmitting infrared rays; And a terminal including a light receiving unit for detecting an optical output of the optical module, wherein the terminal transmits the data transmission request through the infrared transmission unit, receives data from the solar module via the light receiving unit, Between the terminal and the terminal.

1 is a view showing a conventional solar optical system.
2 is a diagram illustrating a solar light system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram referred to explain bi-directional communication between the solar module and the terminal of FIG. 2;
4A to 4C are views referred to explain the lens disposed in the junction box of Fig.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit diagram inside the junction box in the solar module of Fig. 2. Fig.
6 is a simplified block diagram of the interior of the solar module and the terminal of FIG.
FIGS. 7A to 7C are views referred to in the description of the operation of the solar module and the terminal of FIG.
8 is an example of a flowchart for explaining an operation method of the solar module of FIG.
FIGS. 9A and 9B are views referred to the description of the operation method of the solar module and the terminal of FIG.
10 is a front view of the solar module of FIG. 3;
Fig. 11 is a rear view of the solar module of Fig. 10; Fig.
12 is an exploded perspective view of the solar cell module of FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The suffix "module" and " part "for components used in the following description are given merely for convenience of description, and do not give special significance or role in themselves. Accordingly, the terms "module" and "part" may be used interchangeably.

1 is a view showing a conventional solar optical system.

Referring to the drawings, a conventional solar photovoltaic system 5 includes a solar module 7 for outputting DC power, an inverter 8 for converting the DC power from the solar module 7 to AC power, A grid 6 to which AC power is supplied from the power source 8, and a gateway 9 to monitor AC power supplied to the grid and the like.

On the other hand, when there are a plurality of solar modules disposed in front of the inverter 8, the inverter 8 can operate as a string inverter.

In such a case, a direct current power source such as a few hundred volts (V) is applied to the string inverter 8, so that there is a disadvantage that a circuit element that can withstand the breakdown voltage of a high voltage is used.

In order to monitor the gateway 9, the inverter 8 and the gateway 9 must perform power line communication (PLC). To this end, the power line communication unit includes a gateway 9, an inverter 8, .

In the figure, the power line communication section 4 is separately arranged in the inverter 8.

Since a relatively large power consumption is generated in the power line communication unit 40, there is a problem that the conversion efficiency of the inverter 8 is reduced, and a separate IC (integrated chip) for power line communication is required, There are disadvantages.

In order to solve such a problem, the present invention adopts a communication method in which power consumption is small and manufacturing cost is reduced. Particularly, an infrared communication system and an optical communication system using an optical output unit such as an LED are used in parallel.

2) of the present invention includes a solar module 50 having an infrared receiver 582 and a light output unit 583 and a second area 582 of the solar module 50, (Ar1) and the terminal (300). This will be described with reference to FIG.

2 is a diagram illustrating a solar light system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, a solar light system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n, a terminal 300, a server 400, a gateway 80, 90).

The plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can output AC power to the grid 90, respectively.

The plurality of photovoltaic modules 50a to 50n includes junction boxes 200a to 200n including inverter units 540a to 540n for converting DC power outputted from the solar cell modules 100a to 100n into AC power, 200n.

The junction boxes 200a to 200n are respectively disposed on the back surfaces of the solar cell modules 100a to 100n and the lenses 270a to 270n may be disposed on the outer frame of the junction box.

The lenses 270a to 270n are made of a transparent material through the lenses 270a to 270n so that the internal infrared ray receiving portions 582a to 582n and the optical output portions 583a to 583n are connected to the external terminal 300 and the infrared rays Communication, and optical communication.

For example, when the lens 305 corresponding to the area where the infrared ray transmitting unit and the light receiving unit of the terminal 300 are arranged and the lens 270 of any one of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n are close to each other, Between the solar module and the terminal 300, infrared communication and optical communication can be simply performed.

Particularly, when the lens 305 of the terminal 300 and the lens 270 of one of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n are in contact with each other, communication interference with other solar modules is eliminated, Infrared communication and optical communication between the module and the terminal 300 can be stably performed.

In this manner, when each of the lenses 270a to 270n of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n and the lens 305 of the terminal 300 sequentially contact each other, the terminal 300 is provided with a plurality of solar modules (50a to 50n), respectively.

The terminal 300 can transmit the data received from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n to the external server 400 or the gateway 80 through the internal communication unit 350. [ Thus, the external server 400 or the gateway 80 can receive data for the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n.

On the other hand, the received data may include respective operation state information of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n. Specifically, the received data includes at least one of output current information of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n, output voltage information, output power information, frequency information of the outputted AC power source, and fault occurrence / non-existence information .

Thus, the external server 400 or the gateway 80 can easily grasp the operation states of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n.

Meanwhile, the terminal 300 can transmit the firmware update information to each of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n.

Then, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can update the firmware by using the received firmware update information.

Fig. 3 is a diagram referred to explain bidirectional communication between the solar module and the terminal of Fig. 2, and Figs. 4a to 4c are drawings referred to explain a lens disposed in the junction box of Fig.

3, the first solar module 50a of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n of FIG. 2 includes a junction box 200a disposed on the back surface of the solar cell module 100, And a lens 270 formed on the junction box 200.

On the other hand, the lens 270 in the present invention may be a concept including a member made of a material through which light is transmitted, in addition to an optical lens.

4A, an infrared ray receiver 582 and a light output unit 583 for outputting visible light may be disposed below the lens 270. FIG.

The first solar module 50a includes a solar cell module 100 having a plurality of solar cells and an inverter unit 540 for outputting AC power converted based on the DC power source from the solar cell module 100, An infrared receiver 582 for receiving a data transmission request from an external terminal 300 and an optical output unit 583 for transmitting data corresponding to a data transmission request using the outputted light .

The light output section 583 includes a light emitting diode (LED), and can transmit data based on the turn-on time and the turn-off time of the light emitting diode.

The terminal 300 may include an infrared ray transmitter 382 and a light receiver 383 and a lens 305 corresponding to an area in which the infrared ray transmitter 382 and the light receiver 383 are disposed.

The terminal 300 according to the present invention includes an infrared transmitting unit 382 and a light receiving unit 383 in the solar module 50 and a terminal capable of performing infrared communication and visible light communication, 50, a cleaning robot for cleaning the solar module 50, a drone capable of airborne flight, a mobile terminal such as a smart phone carried by a installer or installer, . In the following description, the terminal 300 is a dedicated terminal for communicating with the solar module 50. FIG.

3, when the terminal 300 is positioned near the first area Ar1 in the solar module 50a, particularly, the lens 300 of the terminal 300 and the lens of the solar module 50a, When a data transmission request from the terminal 300 is received through the infrared ray receiving unit 582 while being positioned at a distance Sx enough to allow the solar cell module 270 to contact the solar cell module 50a, And transmits data corresponding to the data transmission request through the optical output unit 583. [

Particularly when the lens 305 of the terminal 300 and the lens 270 of the solar module 50a come into contact with each other, communication interference with the other solar modules 50b to 50n is eliminated, The infrared communication and the optical communication based on the visible light can be stably performed between the terminal 300 and the terminal 300. [

The terminal 300 can transmit the data received from the photovoltaic module 50a to the external server 400 or the gateway 80 through the internal communication unit 350. [ Thus, the external server 400 or the gateway 80 can receive data for the photovoltaic module 50a.

When the solar module 50a receives the request for transmitting the power information of the solar module 50 through the infrared receiver 582, the solar module 50a outputs information on the output current of the solar module 50a, It is possible to transmit at least one of the power information, the frequency information of the outputted alternating current power source, and the failure occurrence information to the terminal 300 through the optical output unit 583.

On the other hand, when the firmware update information is received from the terminal 300 via the infrared receiver 582, the photovoltaic module 50a receives the firmware update information from the terminal 300 while the photovoltaic module 50a receives firmware update information from the firmware 300 stored in the memory 590 of the photovoltaic module 50a Can be updated using the firmware update information.

Here, the firmware update information may include at least one of output allowable voltage range information, output enable frequency range information, and single-phase or three-phase output information of the photovoltaic module 50a.

4A to 4C, the solar module 50a further includes a coupling member 271 coupled to an opening formed in an outer frame of the junction box 200a, A lens 270 may be disposed on the lens 271a.

The engaging member 271 may include a head 271a and a corrugated tube 271b having a hollow therein. A lens 270 can be formed in the head 271a and the corrugated tube 271b of the engaging member 271 can be engaged with the opening formed in the outer frame of the junction box 200. [

On the other hand, the lens 270 is formed with a step in the head 271a so as to easily engage the corrugated tube 271b of the engaging member 271 and the opening formed in the outer frame of the junction box 200 , And the shape may be a polygonal (hexagonal in the figure) shape.

For example, when the hexagonal lens 270a is engaged with the hexagonal wrench and rotated, the engaging member 271 can be easily coupled to the opening or can be removed according to the rotation direction.

The lens 270 in the coupling member 271 is preferably made of a transparent material and both the head 271a and the corrugated tube 271b may be formed of a transparent material.

The lens 270 in the coupling member 271 preferably includes a transparent waterproof material. Further, both the head 271a and the corrugated pipe 271b may be formed of a transparent waterproof material. This makes it possible to prevent breakdown of the circuit elements inside the junction box 200a by invasion.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit diagram inside the junction box in the solar module of Fig. 2. Fig.

Referring to the drawings, the junction box 200 can convert DC power from the solar cell module 100 and output the converted power.

Particularly, in connection with the present invention, the junction box 200 can output AC power.

The junction box 200 may include a converter unit 530, an inverter unit 540 and a control unit 550 for controlling the same, a memory 590, and a communication unit 580.

The junction box 200 may further include a bypass diode 510 for bypassing and a capacitor 520 for DC power storage.

The junction box 200 includes an input current sensing unit A, an input voltage sensing unit B, a converter output current detection unit C, a converter output voltage detection unit D, an inverter output current detection unit E, And an output voltage detecting unit (F).

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control the converter unit 530 and the inverter unit 540.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 controls the converter unit 530 to perform DC conversion. In particular, maximum power follow-up (MPPT) control can be performed.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 controls the inverter unit 540 to control the AC conversion to be performed.

The bypass diode unit 510 includes bypass diodes Dc, Db, Da disposed between the first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d of the solar cell module 100, . At this time, it is preferable that the number of the bypass diodes is one or more and smaller than the number of the conductive lines by one.

The bypass diodes Dc, Db and Da are connected to the first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c and 135d in the solar cell module 100, Power is input. The bypass diodes Dc, Db, and Da can be bypassed when a reverse voltage is generated from a DC power source from at least one of the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d have.

On the other hand, the DC power source through the bypass diode 510 can be input to the capacitor 520.

The capacitor unit 520 may store an input DC power input through the solar cell module 100 and the bypass diode unit 510. [

In the figure, the capacitor unit 520 includes a plurality of capacitors Ca, Cb, and Cc connected in parallel to each other. Alternatively, a plurality of capacitors may be connected in series- It is also possible to connect to the terminal. Alternatively, it is also possible that the capacitor unit 520 includes only one capacitor.

The converter unit 530 can convert the level of the input voltage from the solar cell module 100 via the bypass diode unit 510 and the capacitor unit 520. [

In particular, the converter unit 530 can perform power conversion using the DC power stored in the capacitor unit 520.

For example, the converter unit 530 may include a plurality of resistance elements or a transformer, and may perform voltage division with respect to the input voltage based on the set target power.

In the drawing, a tapped inductor converter is illustrated as an example of the converter unit 530, but a flyback converter, a buck converter, a boost converter, and the like are possible.

The converter section 530, that is, the tap inductor converter shown in the figure has a tap inductor T, a switching element S1 connected between the tap inductor T and the ground terminal, a switch element S1 connected to the output terminal of the tap inductor, And a diode D1 for performing the operation.

On the other hand, a dc short capacitor (not shown) may be connected between the output terminal of the diode D1, that is, between the cathode and the ground terminal.

Specifically, the switching element S1 can be connected between the taps of the tap inductor T and the ground terminal. The output terminal (secondary side) of the tap inductor T is connected to the anode of the diode D1 and the dc-side capacitor C1 is connected between the cathode of the diode D1 and the ground terminal .

On the other hand, the primary and secondary sides of the tap inductor T have opposite polarities. On the other hand, the tap inductor T may be referred to as a switching transformer.

On the other hand, the switching element S1 in the converter section 530 can be turned on / off based on the converter switching control signal from the control section 550. [ Thereby, the level-converted DC power can be outputted.

The inverter unit 540 can convert the DC power converted by the converter unit 530 into AC power.

In the drawing, a full-bridge inverter is illustrated. Namely, the upper and lower arm switching elements Sa and Sb connected in series to each other and the lower arm switching elements S'a and S'b are paired, and two pairs of upper and lower arm switching elements are connected in parallel to each other (Sa & Sb & S'b). Diodes may be connected in anti-parallel to each switching element Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b.

The switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb, and S'b in the inverter unit 540 can be turned on / off based on the inverter switching control signal from the control unit 550. [ As a result, an AC power source having a predetermined frequency can be output. Preferably, it has a frequency (approximately 60 Hz or 50 Hz) that is equal to the alternating frequency of the grid.

On the other hand, the capacitor C may be disposed between the converter unit 530 and the inverter unit 540.

The capacitor C may store the level-converted DC power of the converter unit 530. [ On the other hand, both ends of the capacitor C may be referred to as a dc stage, and accordingly, the capacitor C may be called a dc-stage capacitor.

The input current sensing unit A may sense the input current ic1 supplied from the solar cell module 100 to the capacitor unit 520. [

The input voltage sensing unit B may sense the input voltage Vc1 supplied from the solar cell module 100 to the capacitor unit 520. [ Here, the input voltage Vc1 may be equal to the voltage stored across the capacitor unit 520. [

The sensed input current ic1 and the input voltage vc1 may be input to the control unit 550. [

The converter output current detector C senses the output current ic2 output from the converter 530 or the dc converter current and the converter output voltage detector D outputs the output current ic2 output from the converter 530 And detects the output voltage vc2, i.e., the dc voltage. The sensed output current ic2 and the output voltage vc2 may be input to the control unit 550. [

On the other hand, the inverter output current detection unit E detects the current ic3 output from the inverter unit 540, and the inverter output voltage detection unit F detects the voltage vc3 output from the inverter unit 540 do. The detected current ic3 and the voltage vc3 are input to the control unit 550. [

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can output a control signal for controlling the switching element S1 of the converter unit 530. [ In particular, the control unit 550 controls the control unit 550 so that at least one of the detected input current ic1, the input voltage vc1, the output current ic2, the output voltage vc2, the output current ic3, or the output voltage vc3 On timing signal of the switching element S1 in the converter unit 530 can be output.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can output an inverter control signal for controlling each switching element Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b of the inverter unit 540. In particular, the control unit 550 controls the control unit 550 so that at least one of the detected input current ic1, the input voltage vc1, the output current ic2, the output voltage vc2, the output current ic3, or the output voltage vc3 On timing signals of the respective switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b of the inverter unit 540 can be outputted based on the above-described signals.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control the converter unit 530 to calculate the maximum power point for the solar cell module 100 and output the DC power corresponding to the maximum power.

The memory 590 may store data necessary for the operation of the control unit 500. [

Specifically, the memory 590 may store firmware.

The communication unit 580 may include an infrared ray receiving unit 582 and an optical output unit 583 for infrared communication with the terminal 300 and optical communication as described in Fig.

The infrared receiver 582 can receive a data transmission request from the external terminal 300 and the optical output unit 583 can transmit data corresponding to the data transmission request using the output light.

FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of the inside of the solar module and the terminal of FIG. 3, and FIGS. 7a to 7c are views referencing the operation of the solar module and the terminal of FIG.

The junction box 200 in the solar module 50 may include a control unit 550 and a communication unit 580. [

The communication unit 580 includes an infrared receiving unit 582 for receiving an infrared signal from the terminal 300, a filter unit 584 for filtering a receiving signal from the infrared receiving unit 582, A light emitting portion 586, and a light output portion 583.

The demodulation unit 586 can separate the reception signal from the carrier frequency of several tens Khz. By using such a carrier frequency, the noise immunity of the infrared signal can be enhanced.

Meanwhile, the filter unit 584 may include a band-pass filter (BPF). By using such a band-pass filter, the gain of the received signal can be improved.

On the other hand, the light output section 583 may be operated separately in the data communication mode and the operation state mode.

For example, when the light output unit 583 is in the operating state mode, light of different colors may be output for displaying the operation state of the solar module 50. Specifically, the light output unit 583 can output orange light, green light, and red light, respectively, when the solar module 50 is in a power generation standby state, a power generation state, or a fault state.

On the other hand, when the light output section 583 is in the data communication mode, data can be transmitted based on the turn-on time and the turn-off time of the light emitting diode (LED) as shown in Fig.

FIG. 7C illustrates that during the period T1a, it is turned on and is turned off during the period T1b, which is longer than the period T1a. FIG. 7C illustrates that during the period T2a, And is turned off for a shorter time T2b.

7C shows the bit data '1', and FIG. 7B shows the bit data '0'

The light output unit 583 can convert the data for transmission into binary data and transmit the data by combining the pattern shown in Fig. 7C and the pattern shown in Fig. 7C.

The terminal 300 is provided for infrared communication with the solar module 50 and for optical communication and includes an infrared transmitter 382 for infrared transmission and a light output unit 583 for the light from the light output unit 583 of the solar module 50. [ A control unit 370, and a communication unit 350. The light receiving unit 383 receives the light receiving unit 380,

The light receiving section 383 may include an illuminance sensor.

The terminal 300 further includes a modulating unit 386 for modulating a signal from the control unit 370 and a pulse output unit 386 for outputting a pulse in the signal waveform output from the light receiving unit 383 .

7A shows an example of the transmission signal PS1 output from the control unit 370. FIG 7A shows an example of the modulation signal PS2 output from the modulation unit 386 7A shows an example of a reception signal PS3 output from the infrared receiver 582. FIG 7A shows a signal output from the demodulator 586 and a control signal from the controller 550. FIG. 1 shows an example of a received signal PS4 that is input to the receiving apparatus shown in FIG.

The transmission signal PS1 of FIG. 7A and the reception signal PS4 of FIG. 7A may be signals based on UART communication. The modulation signal PS2 of FIG. 7A and the modulation signal PS2 of FIG. The received signal PS3 in (c) of FIG. 5 may be an infrared communication-based signal.

7B shows an example of a transmission signal PSa that is output from the control unit 550 and input to the optical output unit 583. FIG 7B shows an example of the transmission signal PSa output from the light reception unit 383 (C) of FIG. 7 shows an example of a reception signal PSb outputted from the pulse output section 386. The reception signal PSb shown in FIG.

When the reception signal is output based on the light received by the light reception section 383, the reception signal PSb appears in the form of a triangle wave due to time delay or the like as shown in the figure.

Accordingly, the pulse output section 386 discriminates the high / low level of the reception signal PSb in the form of a triangle wave, and outputs a pulse same as the reception signal PSc3.

To this end, the pulse output section 386 may comprise a schmitt trigger.

The control unit 550 determines whether a data transmission request from the terminal 300 is received through the infrared receiver 582 in a state where the terminal 300 is located near the first area Ar1 in the solar module 50 If so, it can control to transmit data corresponding to the data transmission request.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control the operation of the inverter unit 540 based on the output current and the output voltage of the inverter unit 540.

The control unit 550 receives the output information of the inverter unit 540 and the output voltage information of the solar module 50 when receiving the request for transmitting the power information of the solar module 50 through the infrared receiver 582. [ 50, the frequency information of the alternating-current power source outputted from the inverter unit 540, and the occurrence / non-occurrence of the fault information through the optical output unit 583. [

Meanwhile, when the firmware update information is received through the infrared receiver 582, the controller 550 may control the firmware stored in the memory 590 to be updated using the firmware update information.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control to transmit data based on the turn-on time and the turn-off time of the optical output unit 583.

8 is an example of a flowchart for explaining an operation method of the solar module of FIG.

Referring to the drawing, the control unit 550 in the solar module 50 maintains a communication request standby state (S810).

The control unit 550 in the solar module 50 controls the infrared receiver 582 or the like to be in a standby mode for receiving infrared rays from the terminal 300. [

Next, in step S815, the control unit 550 in the solar module 50 determines whether a request for monitoring data is received when an infrared signal is received through the infrared receiving unit 582.

In the case of a monitoring data request, the control unit 550 in the photovoltaic module 50 controls to transmit the monitoring data stored in the memory 590 or the like via the optical output unit 583 (S816).

Here, the monitoring data may include at least one of output current information, output voltage information, output power information of the solar module 50, frequency information of the AC power outputted from the inverter unit 540, have.

On the other hand, if the signal received through the infrared receiver 582 is not the monitoring data request in step 815 (S815), step 818 (S818) may be performed.

That is, the controller 550 in the solar module 50 may determine whether the signal received through the infrared receiver 582 is a firmware update request when it is not a monitoring data request (S818).

The controller 550 in the solar module 50 receives and demodulates the received firmware update data when the signal received through the infrared receiver 582 is a firmware update request and transmits the firmware update data stored in the memory 590 (S825).

If it is necessary to update the firmware stored in the memory 590, the control unit 550 in the solar module 50 controls to update the firmware stored in the memory 590 using the received firmware update data .

On the other hand, when the firmware is updated, the controller 590 can be reset and initialized.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are views referred to the description of the operation method of the solar module and the terminal of FIG.

First, FIG. 9A is a diagram that is referenced to illustrate a monitoring data request, for example, a power information transmission request.

The terminal 300 can transmit the power information transmission request to the solar module 50 via the infrared signal (S901).

The photovoltaic module 50 may transmit the power information transmission data through the optical output in response to the power information transmission request (S902).

For example, the power information transmission data includes information on the output current of the inverter unit 540, output voltage information, output power information of the solar module 50, frequency information of the AC power outputted from the inverter unit 540, And presence / absence information.

Next, FIG. 9B shows a signal flow between the terminal and the solar module for firmware update.

First, the terminal 300 transmits a firmware update preparation request through the infrared transmission unit 382 (S910).

The infrared receiver 582 of the solar module 50 receives this and the optical output unit 583 of the solar module 50 transmits a firmware update ready response (S920).

Next, the terminal 300 transmits a data deletion request for a specific area in the memory 590 (S930).

The infrared receiving section 582 of the solar module 50 receives it and the optical output section 583 of the solar module 50 transmits a data deletion completion response to the specific area in the memory 590 S940).

Next, the terminal 300 transmits the firmware data and the checksum data through the infrared transmitter 382 (S950).

The infrared receiver 582 of the solar module 50 receives the information and the optical output unit 583 of the solar module 50 transmits the error presence / absence information based on the checksum data (S960).

Next, the terminal 300 transmits a firmware update end request through the infrared transmission unit 382 (S970).

The infrared receiving unit 582 of the solar module 50 receives this and the optical output unit 583 of the solar module 50 transmits a firmware update end response at the completion of the firmware update (S980).

According to this process, the firmware update can be reliably performed, and the terminal 300, the server 400, or the gateway 80 can grasp the completion of the firmware update in the photovoltaic module 50.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the solar module of FIG. 3, and FIG. 11 is a rear view of the solar module of FIG.

Referring to the drawings, a solar module 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a solar cell module 100 and a junction box 200 located on the back surface of the solar cell module 100.

The junction box 200 may include at least one bypass diode that is bypassed to prevent hot spots in the case of shadow generation or the like.

On the other hand, FIG. 9 and the like illustrate that three bypass diodes (Da, Db, and Dc in FIG. 9) are provided corresponding to the four solar cell strings in FIG.

On the other hand, the junction box 200 can convert DC power supplied from the solar cell module 100. This will be described with reference to FIG.

On the other hand, the solar cell module 100 may include a plurality of solar cells.

In the figure, a plurality of sinker cells are connected in series by ribbons (133 in FIG. 12) to form a solar cell string 140. By this, six strings 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d, 140e and 140f are formed, and each string includes ten solar cells. Unlike the drawings, various modifications are possible.

On the other hand, each solar cell string can be electrically connected by a bus ribbon. 10 shows the first solar cell string 140a and the second solar cell string 140b by the bus ribbons 145a, 145c and 145e arranged at the lower part of the solar cell module 100, The battery string 140c and the fourth solar cell string 140d illustrate that the fifth solar cell string 140e and the sixth solar cell string 140f are electrically connected.

10 shows a state in which the second solar cell string 140b and the third solar cell string 140c are respectively sandwiched by the bus ribbons 145b and 145d disposed on the upper portion of the solar cell module 100, And that the battery string 140d and the fifth solar cell string 140e are electrically connected.

On the other hand, the ribbon connected to the first string, the bus ribbons 145b and 145d, and the ribbon connected to the fourth string are electrically connected to the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d, respectively The first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c and 135d are connected to bypass diodes (Da, Db and Dc in Fig. 9) in the junction box 200 arranged on the back surface of the solar cell module 100, Respectively. In the drawing, the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d extend through the openings formed on the solar cell module 100 to the back surface of the solar cell module 100. FIG.

It is preferable that the junction box 200 is disposed closer to an end of the solar cell module 100 where the conductive lines extend.

12 is an exploded perspective view of the solar cell module of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 12, the solar cell module 100 of FIG. 10 may include a plurality of solar cells 130. The first sealing material 120 and the second sealing material 150 located on the lower surface and the upper surface of the plurality of solar cells 130 and the rear substrate 110 and the second sealing material 120 located on the lower surfaces of the first sealing material 120, And may further include a front substrate 160 positioned on the top surface of the sealing member 150.

The solar cell 130 is a semiconductor device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. The solar cell 130 may be a silicon solar cell, a compound semiconductor solar cell, a tandem solar cell, Dye-sensitized or CdTe, CIGS type solar cells, thin film solar cells, and the like.

The solar cell 130 is formed of a light receiving surface on which solar light is incident and a rear surface opposite to the light receiving surface. For example, the solar cell 130 includes a silicon substrate of a first conductivity type, a second conductivity type semiconductor layer formed on the silicon substrate and having a conductivity type opposite to that of the first conductivity type, An antireflection film formed on the second conductive type semiconductor layer and having at least one opening exposing a part of the surface of the second conductive type semiconductor layer; And a rear electrode formed on the rear surface of the silicon substrate.

Each solar cell 130 may be electrically connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel. Specifically, a plurality of solar cells 130 can be electrically connected by a ribbon 133. [ The ribbon 133 may be bonded to the front electrode formed on the light receiving surface of the solar cell 130 and the rear electrode collecting electrode formed on the rear surface of another adjacent solar cell 130. [

In the figure, it is illustrated that the ribbon 133 is formed in two lines, and the solar cell 130 is connected in series by the ribbon 133 to form the solar cell string 140.

Thus, six strings 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d, 140e and 140f are formed as described with reference to FIG. 10, and each string may include ten solar cells.

The back substrate 110 may be, but is not limited to, a TPT (Tedlar / PET / Tedlar) type having a waterproof, insulating and ultraviolet shielding function as a back sheet. In FIG. 9, the rear substrate 110 is shown as a rectangular shape. However, the rear substrate 110 may be formed in various shapes such as a circular shape and a semicircular shape according to the environment in which the solar cell module 100 is installed.

The first sealing member 120 may be attached to the rear substrate 110 to have the same size as the rear substrate 110 and a plurality of solar cells 130 may be formed on the first sealing member 120 And can be positioned adjacent to each other so as to achieve the same.

The second sealing member 150 may be positioned on the solar cell 130 and may be laminated to the first sealing member 120.

Here, the first sealant 120 and the second sealant 150 allow each element of the solar cell to chemically bond. The first sealing material 120 and the second sealing material 150 can be various examples such as an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) film.

On the other hand, the front substrate 160 is preferably placed on the second sealing material 150 so as to transmit sunlight, and is preferably made of tempered glass in order to protect the solar cell 130 from an external impact or the like. Further, it is more preferable to use a low-iron-content tempered glass containing a small amount of iron in order to prevent the reflection of sunlight and increase the transmittance of sunlight.

The solar cell module and the solar cell system having the solar cell module according to the present invention are not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described above, All or some of them may be selectively combined.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

A solar cell module comprising a plurality of solar cells;
An inverter unit for outputting the converted AC power based on the DC power from the solar cell module;
An infrared receiver for receiving a data transmission request from an external terminal;
And a light output unit for transmitting data corresponding to the data transmission request using the output light. The method according to claim 1,
And a controller for controlling the terminal to transmit data corresponding to the data transmission request when the data transmission request is received from the terminal through the infrared receiver in a state in which the terminal is located near the first area in the solar module, Further comprising: a photovoltaic module. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein,
And controls operation of the inverter section based on an output current and an output voltage of the inverter section. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein,
When receiving a power information transmission request of the photovoltaic module through the infrared receiver,
Controls to transmit at least one of the output current information of the inverter unit, the output voltage information, the output power information of the solar module, the frequency information of the AC power outputted from the inverter unit, and the failure occurrence information via the optical output unit Wherein the solar module is a solar module. 3. The method of claim 2,
Further comprising a memory,
Wherein,
And controls the firmware stored in the memory to be updated using the firmware update information when the firmware update information is received through the infrared receiver. 6. The method of claim 5,
The firmware update information includes:
Wherein the inverter includes at least one of output enable voltage range information, output enable frequency range information, and single-phase or three-phase output information of the inverter unit. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the optical output section comprises:
And transmits the data based on the turn-on time and the turn-off time of the light-emitting diode, including the light-emitting diode. The method according to claim 1,
A junction box disposed on a rear surface of the solar cell module;
And a lens formed on the junction box,
And the infrared receiver and the light output portion are disposed below the lens. 9. The method of claim 8,
And a coupling member coupled to an opening formed in an outer frame of the junction box,
And the lens is disposed on a head of the coupling member. A solar module outputting AC power to a grid, and having an infrared receiver and an optical output;
And a terminal including an infrared ray transmitting unit for infrared ray transmission and a light receiving unit for detecting an optical output of the solar ray module,
Wherein the terminal transmits a data transmission request through the infrared transmission unit and receives data from the photovoltaic module via a light receiving unit. 11. The method of claim 10,
The terminal comprises:
A pulse output unit for outputting a pulse in a signal waveform output from the light receiving unit;
A control unit receiving the data from a pulse from the pulse output unit; And
And a communication unit for transmitting the received data to an external server or a gateway. 11. The method of claim 10,
In the solar module,
And a controller for controlling the terminal to transmit data corresponding to the data transmission request when the data transmission request is received from the terminal through the infrared receiver in a state in which the terminal is located near the first area in the solar module, ≪ / RTI > 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the control unit of the solar module includes:
When receiving a power information transmission request of the photovoltaic module through the infrared receiver,
At least one of output current information of the photovoltaic module, output voltage information, output power information of the photovoltaic module, frequency information of the alternating current power output from the photovoltaic module, and fault occurrence information is transmitted through the optical output unit To the solar cell module. 13. The method of claim 12,
In the solar module,
Further comprising a memory,
Wherein the control unit of the solar module includes:
And controls the firmware stored in the memory to be updated using the firmware update information when the firmware update information is received through the infrared receiver. 11. The method of claim 10,
And a junction box disposed on a back surface of the solar module,
Wherein a lens is disposed in an opening formed in an outer frame of the junction box, and the infrared receiver and the light output portion are disposed below the lens.

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