KR101889773B1 - Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system including the same - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system including the same Download PDF

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KR101889773B1
KR101889773B1 KR1020160108605A KR20160108605A KR101889773B1 KR 101889773 B1 KR101889773 B1 KR 101889773B1 KR 1020160108605 A KR1020160108605 A KR 1020160108605A KR 20160108605 A KR20160108605 A KR 20160108605A KR 101889773 B1 KR101889773 B1 KR 101889773B1
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South Korea
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power
output
load
inverter
unit
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KR1020160108605A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20180023389A (en
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박문호
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/42—Cooling means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system having the same. A solar photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of solar modules for outputting a DC power source and an inverter portion for converting a DC power source from a plurality of solar modules into an AC power source, And a control unit for controlling the output power of the inverter unit to be lower and outputting the second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load when the output power of the inverter unit is larger than the power consumption of the load do. Thereby, even when the AC power source is unstable based on the solar module, the grid can be stably maintained.

Figure R1020160108605

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic system having the photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system having the same, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic module based on a photovoltaic module capable of stably maintaining a grid even when the alternating- And more particularly, to a photovoltaic system.

With the recent depletion of existing energy sources such as oil and coal, interest in alternative energy to replace them is increasing. Among them, solar cells are attracting attention as a next-generation battery that converts solar energy directly into electrical energy using semiconductor devices.

Meanwhile, the photovoltaic module means that the solar cells for solar power generation are connected in series or in parallel.

On the other hand, in the case of outputting AC power to a grid based on a solar module, there is a high possibility that the grid becomes unstable, such as an increase in the distortion rate (THD) while various powers are mixed. Accordingly, various schemes for stably maintaining the grid are being discussed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solar module capable of making the power supplied to the grid zero, and a solar light system having the solar module.

Particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar module capable of stably maintaining a grid based on a solar module so that the power supplied to the grid becomes zero even when the AC power source is unstable, System.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar photovoltaic system including a plurality of solar modules for outputting DC power, and an inverter for converting a DC power from a plurality of solar modules into an AC power, The inverter unit includes a communication unit for receiving power consumption information of the load from the outside, and a control unit for outputting a second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load, when the output power of the inverter unit is larger than the power consumption of the load, And a control unit for controlling the control unit.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar photovoltaic system including a plurality of photovoltaic modules for outputting AC power, each of the photovoltaic modules receiving power consumption information of a load from the outside And a control unit for controlling the output power of the solar module to be lower and outputting the second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load when the output power of the solar module is larger than the power consumption of the load.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar module including a solar cell module having a plurality of solar cells, a converter unit converting the level of the DC power from the solar cell module, An inverter unit for outputting the AC power converted based on the level-converted DC power source in the inverter unit, a cable for outputting the AC power from the inverter unit to the outside, a communication unit for receiving power consumption information of the load from the outside, And a control unit for controlling the output power of the inverter unit to be lowered to output the second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load when the power is larger than the power consumption of the load.

A solar photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of solar modules for outputting a DC power source and an inverter portion for converting a DC power source from a plurality of solar modules into an AC power source, A control section for controlling the output power of the inverter section to be lowered and outputting the second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load when the output power of the inverter section is higher than the power consumption of the load So that the power supplied to the grid can be made zero.

Particularly, even when the AC power source is unstable based on the solar module, the power supplied to the grid becomes zero, and the grid can be stably maintained.

Specifically, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load is equal to or greater than the output power of the inverter section, the AC power outputted from the inverter section is supplied to the load, So that it can be stably maintained.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load is smaller than the output power of the inverter section, the alternating current power output from the inverter section is supplied to the grid and the load to stably maintain the grid And the power can be supplied stably to the load.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar photovoltaic system including a plurality of photovoltaic modules for outputting AC power, each photovoltaic module including a communication unit for receiving power consumption information of the load from the outside, When the output power of the optical module is greater than the power consumption of the load, the control unit controls the output power of the solar module to be lowered to output the second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load, To be zero.

Particularly, even when the AC power source is unstable based on the solar module, the power supplied to the grid becomes zero, and the grid can be stably maintained.

Specifically, when the peak value of the output current of the solar module is out of the allowable range and the power consumption of the load is equal to or greater than the output power of the solar module, the AC power output from the solar module is supplied to the load, The grid can be stably maintained.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the solar module is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load is smaller than the output power of the solar module, by supplying the AC power outputted from the solar module to the grid and the load, The grid can be stably maintained and the power can be stably supplied to the load.

1 is a view showing a conventional solar optical system.
2A is a diagram illustrating a solar light system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 2B-2D illustrate a photovoltaic system in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view showing the back surface of the solar module of the solar photovoltaic system of Fig. 2a.
4 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit diagram of the inverter unit of FIG.
5 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of a solar photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6A to 6D are views referred to in the description of the operation method of FIG.
7 is a view illustrating a solar light system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8A to 8C are views referred to the description of the solar photovoltaic system of Fig.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit diagram inside the junction box in the solar module of Fig. 7;
10 is a front view of the solar module of Fig. 7;
Fig. 11 is a rear view of the solar module of Fig. 10; Fig.
12 is an exploded perspective view of the solar cell module of FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The suffix "module" and " part "for components used in the following description are given merely for convenience of description, and do not give special significance or role in themselves. Thus, "module" and "part" may be used interchangeably.

1 is a view showing a conventional solar optical system.

1 includes a solar module 5 for outputting DC power, an inverter 7 for converting DC power from the solar module 5 to AC power, A grid 9 for receiving AC power outputted from the power source 7, and a load 8.

The power from the solar module 5 can be supplied to the grid 9 and the load 8 when the power from the solar module 5 is higher than the power consumption of the load 8. [

On the other hand, when the power from the solar module 5 is lower than the power consumption of the load 8, the power from the solar module 5 and the power from the grid 9 are supplied to the load 8 .

On the other hand, when the AC power is output to the grid based on the solar module, the possibility that the grid becomes unstable increases due to various power mixing and an increase in total harmonic distortion (THD).

Therefore, in the present invention, a method of stably maintaining the grid even when the AC power source is unstable based on the solar module is described. This will be described with reference to FIG.

2A is a diagram illustrating a solar light system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, a solar photovoltaic system 10a according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of solar modules 51a to 51n for outputting a DC power, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 51a to 51n, An inverter unit 58 for converting a power source into an AC power source, a gateway 80 for monitoring AC power output from the inverter unit 58, a grid 90, and a load 85.

The photovoltaic system 10a may further include a power switching unit 95 for switching the alternating current outputted to the grid 90 or the alternating current inputted from the grid 9. [

 The inverter unit 58 can detect the output current Iac output from the inverter unit 58 using the output current detection unit E of Fig.

Alternatively, the gateway 80 may have a separate output current detection unit (not shown) and may detect the output current Iac output from the inverter unit 58. [ Thus, the gateway 80 can acquire information Infot on the output current Iac.

The power supply switching unit 95 may detect the alternating current Igd input to the power switching unit 95 and may include a separate current detection unit (not shown).

On the other hand, the AC current Ila input to the load 85 can be detected. For this purpose, a separate current detector (not shown) may be provided.

Each of the plurality of solar modules 51a to 51n can output DC power to the outside through a cable.

The inverter unit 58 converts the input DC power to AC power and supplies the AC power to the grid 90 or the load 85 through the cable.

On the other hand, the inverter unit 58 can perform power line communication with the gateway 80 through the cable 32 for power line communication.

For example, the inverter unit 58 can transmit to the gateway 80 the information Infot about the output current Iac detected by the output current detector E of FIG.

On the other hand, the gateway 80 and the load 85 can exchange data by wire or wireless communication.

For example, the load 85 can transmit the power consumption information of the load to the gateway 80. [

On the other hand, the gateway 80 can receive information on the alternating current Igd from the power switching unit 95.

On the other hand, the gateway 80 can receive information (Infot) about the output current Iac from the inverter unit 58 or a separate current detection unit (not shown).

This allows the gateway 80 to calculate the load power consumption based on the alternating current Igd flowing into the grid 90 and the output current Iac of the inverter unit 58. [

For example, the gateway 80 calculates the alternating current (i, j) input to the load 85 based on the difference between the output current I ac of the inverter unit 58 and the alternating current Igd flowing into the grid 90 And the load power consumption can be calculated based on the alternating current Ila input to the load 85. [

As another example, the gateway 80 can receive information (Infla) about the alternating current Ila input to the load 85 from a separate current detection unit (not shown) or the load 80, The load power consumption can be calculated on the basis of the information Infla for the alternating current Ila input to the inverter circuit 85. [

The gateway 80 can transmit the calculated power consumption information to the inverter unit 58. [

The gateway 80 may further transmit the information on the output current Iac of the inverter unit 58 to the inverter unit 58. [

On the other hand, the inverter unit 58 can calculate the output power based on the output current detection unit E and the output voltage detection unit F in Fig.

4, when the output power of the communication unit 580a and the inverter unit 58 that receives the power consumption information of the load from the outside is larger than the power consumption of the load, the inverter unit 58 outputs, And a control unit 550a for controlling the output power of the inverter unit 58 to be lowered to output the second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load. As a result, the power supplied to the grid 90 can be made zero.

Particularly, even when the alternating-current power source is unstable based on the solar module, the power supplied to the grid 90 becomes zero, so that the grid 90 can be stably maintained.

On the other hand, when the output power of the inverter unit 58 is smaller than the power consumption of the load 85, the control unit 550a in the inverter unit 58 can control to output the output power of the inverter unit 58 as it is have.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section 58 is out of the permissible range and the output power of the inverter section 58 is larger than the power consumption of the load 85 , It is possible to control to lower the output power of the inverter unit 58 and output the second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load 85 based on the power follow-up control.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter unit 58 is within the permissible range and the output power of the inverter unit 58 is larger than the power consumption of the load, the control unit 550a in the inverter unit 58, It is possible to control to output the output power as it is without lowering the output power of the inverter section 58 in order to supply the AC power from the inverter 58 to the grid 90 and the load 85. [

That is, the inverter unit 58 determines that the peak value of the output current Iac is out of the allowable range, the output current Iac is unstable, and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter unit 58 It is possible to control the output power so that the unstable output current Iac is not supplied to the grid 90 and becomes equal to the power consumption of the load 85 in particular.

Thus, unstable AC current is not supplied to the grid 90, so that the grid 90 can be stabilized.

On the other hand, when the power follow-up control is performed in this manner, the power supplied to the grid 90 becomes almost zero, so it may be called a zero power technique.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current Iac of the inverter section 58 is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is equal to or higher than the output power of the inverter section 58, It is possible to control the AC power outputted from the AC power source 58 to be supplied to the load 85 without being supplied to the grid 90. [ Thus, unstable AC current is not supplied to the grid 90, so that the grid 90 can be stabilized.

To this end, the inverter unit 58 or the gateway may transmit a switching off signal to the power switching unit 95. [

When the peak value of the output current Iac of the inverter unit 58 is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is equal to or higher than the output power of the inverter unit 58, And may be switched off so that the AC power output from the inverter unit 58 is supplied to the load 85. [

When the peak value of the output current Iac of the inverter section 58 is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter section 58, It is possible to control to supply the AC power outputted from the power supply unit 58 to the grid 90 and the load 85. [

That is, when the output current Iac of the inverter unit 58 is stable and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter unit 58, the inverter unit 58 58 to the grid 90 and the load 85, as shown in FIG. As a result, a stable alternating current is supplied to the grid 90, so that the grid 90 can be continuously stabilized.

To this end, the inverter unit 58 or the gateway may transmit a switching-on signal to the power switching unit 95. [

When the peak value of the output current Iac of the inverter unit 58 is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter unit 58 , The AC power outputted from the inverter unit 58 may be switched on so as to be supplied to the grid 90 as well as the load 85. [

Figures 2B-2D illustrate a photovoltaic system in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.

First, the solar photovoltaic system 10b of FIG. 2b is similar to the solar photovoltaic system 10a of FIG. 2a except that a load monitoring unit 87 is further provided between the gateway 80 and the load 85 There is a difference.

The load monitoring unit 87 can detect the alternating current Ila input to the load 85. [ The load monitoring unit 87 can then transmit the information Infla about the detected alternating current Ila to the gateway 80. [

Alternatively, the load monitoring unit 87 detects the alternating current Ila input to the load 85, calculates the load power consumption based on the detected alternating current Ila, To the gateway 80 via the Internet.

Alternatively, the load monitoring unit 87 may receive the power consumption information consumed in the load from the load 85, and may transmit the information (Infla) about the load power consumption to the gateway 80.

The solar system 10c of Figure 2c is similar to the solar system 10a of Figure 2a except that it is not a wired communication between the gateway 80 and the load 85 of Figure 2a, There is a difference in that wireless communication is performed between the load 85 and the load 85. [

Wireless communication, WiFi, ZigBee, UWB, etc., can be performed in the communication method.

The solar system 10d of Figure 2d is similar to the solar system 10b of Figure 2b except that it is not a wired communication between the gateway 80 of Figure 2b and the load monitoring 87, And the load monitoring unit 87 are different from each other.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the back surface of the solar module of the solar photovoltaic system of Fig. 2a.

Referring to the drawings, a solar photovoltaic system 10a according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of solar photovoltaic modules 51a to 51n that output DC power, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 51a to 51n, An inverter unit 58 for converting the DC power from the inverter unit 51n into AC power, a gateway 80 for monitoring the AC power outputted from the inverter unit 58, a load 85, and a grid 90 can do.

Each of the solar modules 51a to 51n includes a solar cell module 100a to 100n and a bypass diode portion (not shown) for conducting direct current power from the solar cell modules 100a to 100n in one direction And junction boxes 202a1 to 202an.

In particular, the junction boxes 202a1 to 202an may be disposed on the back surfaces of the respective solar modules 51a to 51n.

On the other hand, the DC power source Vdcx inputted to the inverter unit 58 by summing the DC power from the plurality of solar modules 51a to 51n may be a high voltage of approximately several hundred volts.

In this case, as described above, the inverter unit 58 is controlled so that an unstable AC current is not input to the grid 90, The output power can be adjusted through the power follow-up control or the like.

4 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit diagram of the inverter unit of FIG.

Referring to the drawings, the inverter unit 58 can convert the DC power from each of the solar modules 51a to 51n and output the converted AC power.

Specifically, the inverter unit 58 can convert the DC power outputted from the junction box 202a1 to 202an of each of the solar modules 51a to 51n, and output the converted AC power.

Accordingly, the junction boxes 202a1 to 202an of the respective solar modules 51a to 51n may include bypass diodes (not shown) for bypassing.

The inverter unit 58 may include a converter 530a, an inverter 540a, a control unit 550a for controlling the inverter 540a, and a communication unit 580a.

In addition, the inverter unit 58 may further include a capacitor unit 520a for DC power storage.

The inverter unit 58 includes an input current sensing unit A, an input voltage sensing unit B, a converter output current detection unit C, a converter output voltage detection unit D, an inverter output current detection unit E, And an output voltage detecting unit (F).

On the other hand, the control unit 550a can control the converter 530a and the inverter 540a.

On the other hand, the control unit 550a controls the converter 530a to perform DC conversion. In particular, power follow-up control or maximum power follow-up (MPPT) control can be performed.

On the other hand, the control unit 550a controls the inverter 540a to perform AC conversion.

On the other hand, a DC power source which has passed through bypass diodes (not shown) in the junction boxes 202a1 to 202an of the respective solar modules 51a to 51n can be input to the capacitor section 520a in the inverter section 58 .

The capacitor unit 520a may store an input DC power input through the solar cell module 100 and the bypass diode unit (not shown).

In the figure, the capacitor unit 520a includes a plurality of capacitors Ca, Cb, and Cc connected in parallel to each other. Alternatively, a plurality of capacitors may be connected in series- It is also possible to connect to the terminal. Alternatively, it is also possible that the capacitor portion 520a includes only one capacitor.

The converter 530a can convert the level of the DC power source through the capacitor portion 520a.

In particular, the converter 530a can perform power conversion using the DC power stored in the capacitor unit 520a.

For example, the converter 530a may include a plurality of resistive elements, or a transformer, and may perform voltage distribution with respect to the input voltage based on the set target power.

In the figure, an example of the converter 530a is a tap inductor converter, but otherwise, a flyback converter, a buck converter, a boost converter, and the like are possible.

The converter 530a, that is, the tap inductor converter shown in the figure has a tap inductor T, a switching element S1 connected between the tap inductor T and the ground terminal, and a switching element S1 connected to the output terminal of the tap inductor, And may include a diode D1 for performing the operation.

On the other hand, a dc short capacitor (not shown) may be connected between the output terminal of the diode D1, that is, between the cathode and the ground terminal.

Specifically, the switching element S1 can be connected between the taps of the tap inductor T and the ground terminal. The output terminal (secondary side) of the tap inductor T is connected to the anode of the diode D1 and the dc-side capacitor C1 is connected between the cathode of the diode D1 and the ground terminal .

On the other hand, the primary side and the secondary side of the tap inductor T have opposite polarities. On the other hand, the tap inductor T may be referred to as a switching transformer.

On the other hand, the switching element S1 in the converter 530a can be turned on / off based on the converter switching control signal from the controller 550a. Thereby, the level-converted DC power can be outputted.

The inverter 540a can convert the DC power converted by the converter 530a into the AC power.

In the drawing, a full-bridge inverter is illustrated. Namely, the upper and lower arm switching elements Sa and Sb connected in series to each other and the lower arm switching elements S'a and S'b are paired, and two pairs of upper and lower arm switching elements are connected in parallel to each other (Sa & Sb & S'b). Diodes may be connected in anti-parallel to each switching element Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b.

The switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb and S'b in the inverter 540a can be turned on / off based on the inverter switching control signal from the control section 550a. As a result, an AC power source having a predetermined frequency can be output. Preferably, it has a frequency (approximately 60 Hz or 50 Hz) that is equal to the alternating frequency of the grid.

On the other hand, the capacitor C may be disposed between the converter 530a and the inverter 540a.

The capacitor C may store the level-converted DC power of the converter 530a. On the other hand, both ends of the capacitor C may be referred to as a dc stage, and accordingly, the capacitor C may be called a dc-stage capacitor.

Meanwhile, the input current sensing unit A may sense an input current ic1 supplied from the solar cell module 100 to the capacitor unit 520a.

The input voltage sensing unit B may sense the input voltage Vc1 supplied from the solar cell module 100 to the capacitor unit 520a. Here, the input voltage Vc1 may be equal to the voltage stored across the capacitor portion 520a.

The sensed input current ic1 and the input voltage vc1 may be input to the control unit 550a.

The converter output current detector C senses the output current ic2 output from the converter 530a, that is, the dc-step current. The converter output voltage detector D detects the output current ic2 output from the converter 530a, (vc2), i.e., the dc voltage. The sensed output current ic2 and the output voltage vc2 may be input to the control unit 550a.

The inverter output current detector E detects the current ic3 output from the inverter 540a and the inverter output voltage detector F detects the voltage vc3 output from the inverter 540a. The detected current ic3 and the voltage vc3 are input to the control unit 550a.

On the other hand, the control unit 550a can output a control signal for controlling the switching element S1 of the converter 530a. In particular, the control unit 550a may control at least one of the detected input current ic1, the input voltage vc1, the output current ic2, the output voltage vc2, the output current ic3, or the output voltage vc3 , It is possible to output the turn-on timing signal of the switching element S1 in the converter 530a.

On the other hand, the control unit 550a can output an inverter control signal for controlling each switching element Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b of the inverter 540a. In particular, the control unit 550a may control at least one of the detected input current ic1, the input voltage vc1, the output current ic2, the output voltage vc2, the output current ic3, or the output voltage vc3 On timing signals of the respective switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb and S'b of the inverter 540a can be outputted on the basis of these signals.

On the other hand, the control unit 550a can control the converter 530a to calculate the maximum power point for the solar cell module 100 and accordingly output the DC power corresponding to the maximum power.

On the other hand, the control unit 550a can control the converter 530a so as to output the DC power corresponding to the target power for target power estimation.

On the other hand, the control unit 550a can transmit power information to the gateway 80 through the communication unit 580a.

Here, the power information of the solar module 51 may include voltage information, current information of the solar cell module 100, or voltage information and current information output from the inverter 540a.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter unit 58 is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter unit 58, So that the output power of the inverter unit 58 can be controlled so as to correspond to the power consumption of the load 85. [

For example, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section 58 is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter section 58, (95) is switched off.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section 58 is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is equal to or higher than the output power of the inverter section 58, It is possible to control the AC power to be supplied to the load 85.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section 58 is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter section 58, the control section 550a controls the inverter section 58, The grid 90, and the load 85. [0070] As shown in Fig.

For example, when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section 58 is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter section 58, the control section 550a controls the power- (95) is switched on.

The communication unit 580a can exchange data with the gateway 80. [ For example, the communication unit 580a can perform power line communication (PLC) with the gateway 80. [

For example, the communication unit 580a can transmit the power information of the inverter unit 58 to the gateway 80. [ In particular, the output current information, output voltage information, and the like of the inverter unit 58 can be transmitted.

On the other hand, the communication unit 580a can receive the load power consumption information Infla from the gateway 80. [

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of a solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 6A to 6D are views referred to in the description of the operation method of FIG.

Hereinafter, the solar cell system 10a of FIG. 2A will be described.

Referring to the drawing, the output current detection unit E or the like of the inverter unit 58 detects the output current of the inverter unit (S510).

Next, the inverter unit 58 can receive the load power consumption information from the gateway 80 via the communication unit 580a (S515).

The gateway 80 can calculate the load power consumption based on the alternating current Igd flowing into the grid 90 and the output current Iac of the inverter unit 58. [

For example, the gateway 80 calculates the alternating current (i, j) input to the load 85 based on the difference between the output current I ac of the inverter unit 58 and the alternating current Igd flowing into the grid 90 And the load power consumption can be calculated based on the alternating current Ila input to the load 85. [

As another example, the gateway 80 can receive information (Infla) about the alternating current Ila input to the load 85 from a separate current detection unit (not shown) or the load 80, The load power consumption can be calculated on the basis of the information Infla for the alternating current Ila input to the inverter circuit 85. [

Next, the inverter unit 58 determines whether or not the output current peak value of the inverter unit 58 is within the permissible range (S530). If so, it is determined whether or not the load power consumption is within the output power within the inverter unit (S525). If so, the AC power output from the inverter unit 58 can be supplied to the grid 90 and the load 85. [0060]

On the other hand, when the output current peak value of the inverter section 58 is out of the allowable range, the inverter section 58 determines whether the load power consumption is within the output power of the inverter section (S535) The power follow-up control can be performed so that the AC power outputted from the power source unit 58 is followed by the load power consumption (S540).

On the other hand, when the output current peak value of the inverter section 58 is out of the permissible range and the load power consumption is equal to or higher than the output power in the inverter section 58, the inverter section 58 outputs the AC power outputted from the inverter section 58 And can be supplied to the load 85 (S545).

6A illustrates an example of the output current waveform Iac1 of the inverter section 58 and a flow of the output power of the inverter section 58. As shown in Fig.

First, FIG. 6A shows that the output current waveform Iac1 of the inverter section 58 is within the allowable range Igo.

6A, when the output current waveform Iac1 of the inverter unit 58 is within the permissible range Igo, the AC current waveform is stable and the load 85 and the grid 90 And the like.

6 (b), the current path Path1a to the grid 90 and the current path Path1b to the load 85 are shown.

6B illustrates an example of the output current waveform Iac2 of the inverter section 58 and a flow of the output power of the inverter section 58. As shown in Fig.

6 (a) shows a case where the output current waveform Iac2 of the inverter unit 58 is out of the allowable range Igo.

As described above, when the output current waveform Iac1 of the inverter section 58 is out of the allowable range Igo, the AC current waveform is unstable, so that it is not supplied to the grid 90 , And only the load 85 is supplied.

On the other hand, when the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter unit 58, the inverter unit 58 determines whether or not the output power of the inverter unit 58 is higher than the load 85 ) Of the power consumption of the battery.

In Fig. 6B, the current path (Path2) to the grid 90 is shown.

6C is a diagram referred to explain the power follow-up control.

6C illustrates the voltage and power curves for a solar module.

Normally, for maximum power output, the output voltage of the solar module is varied and the maximum power of Pa is output at the voltage Vdca, so that the output voltage of the solar module is maintained at Vdca.

On the other hand, when the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the inverter unit 58 in a state where the peak value of the output current Iac of the inverter unit 58 is out of the permissible range, It is preferable that the inverter unit 58 varies the output power.

To this end, it is desirable to move the Vdc voltage in Fig. 6C to Vdcb and lower the output power from Pa to Pb. As a result, the inverter unit 58 can output the output power corresponding to the load power consumption by lowering the output power.

FIG. 6D illustrates an example of the output current waveform Iac3 of the inverter section 58 and a flow of the output power of the inverter section 58. As shown in FIG.

6 (a) shows a case where the output current waveform Iac3 of the inverter unit 58 is out of the allowable range Igo.

In this way, when the output current waveform Iac1 of the inverter section 58 is out of the allowable range Igo, the alternating current waveform is unstable, so that it is not supplied to the grid 90 as shown in Fig. , And only the load 85 is supplied.

On the other hand, when the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the output power of the inverter unit 58, it is preferable that the power from the grid 90 and the power from the inverter unit 58 are supplied to the load 85 Do.

6B, the current path Path3a from the inverter unit 58 to the load 85 and the current path Path3b from the grid 90 to the load 85 are shown. To this end, it is preferable that the power supply switching unit 95 is switched on.

7 is a view illustrating a solar light system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, a photovoltaic system 20a according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules 50a to 50n for outputting an ac power, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 50a to 50n, A gateway 80 for monitoring the power source, a grid 90, and a load 85.

The plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can respectively output AC power to the outside through the cables 31a to 31n. Then, each AC power source can be supplied to the grid 90 via the cable oln.

On the other hand, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can perform power line communication with the gateway 80 through the cables 32a to 32n for power line communication.

On the other hand, the gateway 80 and the load 85 can exchange data by wire or wireless communication.

The plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can detect the output current Iac output from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n using the output current detection unit E of Fig.

Alternatively, the gateway 80 may include a separate output current detection unit (not shown) and may detect the output current Iac output from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n. Thus, the gateway 80 can acquire information Infot on the output current Iac.

The power supply switching unit 95 may detect the alternating current Igd input to the power switching unit 95 and may include a separate current detection unit (not shown).

On the other hand, the AC current Ila input to the load 85 can be detected. For this purpose, a separate current detector (not shown) may be provided.

Each of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can output DC power to the outside through a cable.

The plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can convert the input DC power into AC power and supply the AC power to the grid 90 or the load 85 through the cable.

On the other hand, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can perform power line communication with the gateway 80 through the cable 32 for power line communication.

For example, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can transmit to the gateway 80 information Infot about the output current Iac detected by the output current detector E in Fig.

On the other hand, the gateway 80 and the load 85 can exchange data by wire or wireless communication.

For example, the load 85 can transmit the power consumption information of the load to the gateway 80. [

On the other hand, the gateway 80 can receive information on the alternating current Igd from the power switching unit 95.

On the other hand, the gateway 80 can receive information (Infot) about the output current Iac from a plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n or a separate current detection unit (not shown).

This allows the gateway 80 to calculate the load power consumption based on the alternating current Igd flowing into the grid 90 and the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n .

For example, the gateway 80 is connected to the load 85 based on the difference between the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n and the alternating current Igd flowing into the grid 90 The input alternating current Ila can be calculated and the load power consumption can be calculated based on the alternating current Ila input to the load 85. [

As another example, the gateway 80 can receive information (Infla) about the alternating current Ila input to the load 85 from a separate current detection unit (not shown) or the load 80, The load power consumption can be calculated on the basis of the information Infla for the alternating current Ila input to the inverter circuit 85. [

The gateway 80 can transmit the calculated power consumption information to the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n.

The gateway 80 may further transmit information on the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n to the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n.

On the other hand, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can calculate the output power based on the output current detection unit E and the output voltage detection unit F in Fig.

9, each of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n includes a communication unit 580 that receives power consumption information of the load 85 from the outside, The control unit 550 controls the output power of the photovoltaic module to be lowered to output the second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load 85. In this case,

On the other hand, when the output power of each of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is smaller than the power consumption of the load 85, the control unit 550 of each of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n generates a plurality of solar beams The output power of the modules 50a to 50n can be controlled to be output as it is.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 of each of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is configured such that the peak value of the output current of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is out of the permissible range and the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n Output power of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is lowered based on the power follow-up control when the output power of the load 85 is larger than the power consumption of the load 85, And to output the second output power.

That is, the peak value of the output current Iac is out of the permissible range, the output current Iac is unstable, and the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the peak value of the output current Iac in the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n The output power is made to be equal to the power consumption of the load 85 so that the unstable output current Iac is not supplied to the grid 90 when the output power of the load 85 is smaller than the output power of the loads 50a to 50n. can do.

Thus, unstable AC current is not supplied to the grid 90, so that the grid 90 can be stabilized.

On the other hand, when the power follow-up control is performed in this manner, the power supplied to the grid 90 becomes almost zero, so it may be called a zero power technique.

Next, in the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n, the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is out of the permissible range, and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the allowable range The AC power output from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can be controlled to be supplied to the load 85 without being supplied to the grid 90 when the output power of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is higher than the output power of the optical modules 50a to 50n . Thus, unstable AC current is not supplied to the grid 90, so that the grid 90 can be stabilized.

To this end, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n, or the gateway, can transmit a switching off signal to the power switching unit 95. [

The peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is out of the allowable range and the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the allowable range of the plurality of solar modules 50n may be switched off so that AC power output from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is supplied to the load 85 when the output power of the photovoltaic modules 50a to 50n is higher than the output power of the photovoltaic modules 50a to 50n.

Next, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n are configured such that the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is within the allowable range, It is possible to control to supply AC power output from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n to the grid 90 and the load 85 when the power is smaller than the output power of the optical modules 50a to 50n.

More specifically, the control unit 550 of each of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is configured such that the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is within the allowable range, In order to supply AC power from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n to the grid and the load 85 when the output power of the solar cells 50a to 50n is larger than the power consumption of the load 85, The output power of the photovoltaic modules 50a to 50n can be controlled without lowering the output power of the photovoltaic modules 50a to 50n.

That is, when the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is stable and the power consumption of the load 85 is greater than the power consumption of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n, The grid 90 and the load 85 can be controlled so that the alternating current power outputted from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is supplied to the grid 90 and the load 85 when the output power is smaller than the output power of the solar modules 50a to 50n. As a result, a stable alternating current is supplied to the grid 90, so that the grid 90 can be continuously stabilized.

To this end, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n or the gateway may transmit a switching-on signal to the power switching unit 95. [

Accordingly, the power switching unit 95 is configured such that the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is within the permissible range, and the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the power consumption of the plurality of solar modules 50n may be switched on so that AC power output from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is supplied not only to the load 85 but also to the grid 90 have.

8A to 8C are views referred to the description of the solar photovoltaic system of Fig.

8A shows a case where the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n Output power, < / RTI >

The output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can be supplied to the grid 90 and the load 85. [

In Fig. 8A, the current path (Pathaa) to the grid 90 and the current path (Pathab) to the load 85 are shown.

Next, FIG. 8B shows a case where the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is out of the allowable range, and the power consumption of the load 85 is smaller than the allowable range of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n ≪ / RTI > is less than the output power of the power supply.

On the other hand, the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n make the output power of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n correspond to the power consumption of the load 85, based on the power follow-up control.

The output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can be supplied only to the load 85 and not to the grid 90. [

In Fig. 8b, the current path Pathba to the grid 90 is shown.

Next, FIG. 8C shows a case where the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is out of the allowable range and the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the peak value of the output current Iac of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n ), ≪ / RTI >

 On the other hand, when the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the output power of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n, the power from the grid 90 and the power from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n Is supplied to the load (85).

8C shows the current path Pathca from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n to the load 85 and the current path Pathcb from the grid 90 to the load 85. [ To this end, it is preferable that the power supply switching unit 95 is switched on.

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit diagram inside the junction box in the solar module of Fig. 7;

Referring to the drawings, the junction box 200 can convert DC power from the solar cell module 100 and output the converted power.

Particularly, in connection with the present invention, the junction box 200 can output AC power.

The junction box 200 may include a converter unit 530, an inverter unit 540, a control unit 550 for controlling the inverter unit 540, and a communication unit 580.

The junction box 200 may further include a bypass diode 510 for bypassing and a capacitor 520 for DC power storage.

The junction box 200 includes an input current sensing unit A, an input voltage sensing unit B, a converter output current detection unit C, a converter output voltage detection unit D, an inverter output current detection unit E, And an output voltage detecting unit (F).

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control the converter unit 530 and the inverter unit 540.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 controls the converter unit 530 to perform DC conversion. In particular, maximum power follow-up (MPPT) control can be performed.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 controls the inverter unit 540 to control the AC conversion to be performed.

The bypass diode unit 510 includes bypass diodes Dc, Db, Da disposed between the first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d of the solar cell module 100, . At this time, it is preferable that the number of the bypass diodes is one or more and smaller than the number of the conductive lines by one.

The bypass diodes Dc, Db and Da are connected to the first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c and 135d in the solar cell module 100, Power is input. The bypass diodes Dc, Db, and Da can be bypassed when a reverse voltage is generated from a DC power source from at least one of the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d have.

On the other hand, the DC power source through the bypass diode 510 can be input to the capacitor 520.

The capacitor unit 520 may store an input DC power input through the solar cell module 100 and the bypass diode unit 510. [

In the figure, the capacitor unit 520 includes a plurality of capacitors Ca, Cb, and Cc connected in parallel to each other. Alternatively, a plurality of capacitors may be connected in series- It is also possible to connect to the terminal. Alternatively, it is also possible that the capacitor unit 520 includes only one capacitor.

The converter unit 530 can convert the level of the input voltage from the solar cell module 100 via the bypass diode unit 510 and the capacitor unit 520. [

In particular, the converter unit 530 can perform power conversion using the DC power stored in the capacitor unit 520.

For example, the converter unit 530 may include a plurality of resistance elements or a transformer, and may perform voltage division with respect to the input voltage based on the set target power.

In the drawing, a tapped inductor converter is illustrated as an example of the converter unit 530, but a flyback converter, a buck converter, a boost converter, and the like are possible.

The converter section 530, that is, the tap inductor converter shown in the figure has a tap inductor T, a switching element S1 connected between the tap inductor T and the ground terminal, a switch element S1 connected to the output terminal of the tap inductor, And a diode D1 for performing the operation.

On the other hand, a dc short capacitor (not shown) may be connected between the output terminal of the diode D1, that is, between the cathode and the ground terminal.

Specifically, the switching element S1 can be connected between the taps of the tap inductor T and the ground terminal. The output terminal (secondary side) of the tap inductor T is connected to the anode of the diode D1 and the dc-side capacitor C1 is connected between the cathode of the diode D1 and the ground terminal .

On the other hand, the primary side and the secondary side of the tap inductor T have opposite polarities. On the other hand, the tap inductor T may be referred to as a switching transformer.

On the other hand, the switching element S1 in the converter section 530 can be turned on / off based on the converter switching control signal from the control section 550. [ Thereby, the level-converted DC power can be outputted.

The inverter unit 540 can convert the DC power converted by the converter unit 530 into AC power.

In the drawing, a full-bridge inverter is illustrated. Namely, the upper and lower arm switching elements Sa and Sb connected in series to each other and the lower arm switching elements S'a and S'b are paired, and two pairs of upper and lower arm switching elements are connected in parallel to each other (Sa & Sb & S'b). Diodes may be connected in anti-parallel to each switching element Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b.

The switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb, and S'b in the inverter unit 540 can be turned on / off based on the inverter switching control signal from the control unit 550. [ As a result, an AC power source having a predetermined frequency can be output. Preferably, it has a frequency (approximately 60 Hz or 50 Hz) that is equal to the alternating frequency of the grid.

On the other hand, the capacitor C may be disposed between the converter unit 530 and the inverter unit 540.

The capacitor C may store the level-converted DC power of the converter unit 530. [ On the other hand, both ends of the capacitor C may be referred to as a dc stage, and accordingly, the capacitor C may be called a dc-stage capacitor.

The input current sensing unit A may sense the input current ic1 supplied from the solar cell module 100 to the capacitor unit 520. [

The input voltage sensing unit B may sense the input voltage Vc1 supplied from the solar cell module 100 to the capacitor unit 520. [ Here, the input voltage Vc1 may be equal to the voltage stored across the capacitor unit 520. [

The sensed input current ic1 and the input voltage vc1 may be input to the control unit 550. [

The converter output current detector C senses the output current ic2 output from the converter 530 or the dc converter current and the converter output voltage detector D outputs the output current ic2 output from the converter 530 And detects the output voltage vc2, i.e., the dc voltage. The sensed output current ic2 and the output voltage vc2 may be input to the control unit 550. [

On the other hand, the inverter output current detection unit E detects the current ic3 output from the inverter unit 540, and the inverter output voltage detection unit F detects the voltage vc3 output from the inverter unit 540 do. The detected current ic3 and the voltage vc3 are input to the control unit 550. [

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can output a control signal for controlling the switching element S1 of the converter unit 530. [ In particular, the control unit 550 controls the control unit 550 so that at least one of the detected input current ic1, the input voltage vc1, the output current ic2, the output voltage vc2, the output current ic3, or the output voltage vc3 On timing signal of the switching element S1 in the converter unit 530 can be output.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can output an inverter control signal for controlling each switching element Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b of the inverter unit 540. In particular, the control unit 550 controls the control unit 550 so that at least one of the detected input current ic1, the input voltage vc1, the output current ic2, the output voltage vc2, the output current ic3, or the output voltage vc3 On timing signals of the respective switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b of the inverter unit 540 can be outputted based on the above-described signals.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control the converter unit 530 to calculate the maximum power point for the solar cell module 100 and output the DC power corresponding to the maximum power.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 receives the scan signal Sph from the gateway 80 via the communication unit 580 and transmits a response signal including the ID information via the communication unit 580, To the gateway 80, as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can transmit the power information to the gateway 80 through the communication unit 580. [

Here, the power information of the solar module 50 may include voltage information, current information of the solar cell module 100, or voltage information and current information output from the inverter unit 540.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is higher than the output of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n The output power of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can be controlled to correspond to the power consumption of the load 85 based on the power follow-up control.

For example, when the peak value of the output current of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the allowable range of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n, It is possible to control the power switching unit 95 to be switched off.

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is out of the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is higher than the output of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n It is possible to control the AC power outputted from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n to be supplied to the load 85. [

On the other hand, when the peak value of the output current of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is higher than the output of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n Power can be controlled so as to be supplied to the grid 90 and the load 85 from the AC power output from the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n.

For example, when the peak value of the output current of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load 85 is larger than the allowable range of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n, The power switching unit 95 can be controlled to be switched on.

The communication unit 580 can exchange data with the gateway 80. For example, the communication unit 580 may perform power line communication (PLC) with the gateway 80.

For example, the communication unit 580 can transmit the power information of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n to the gateway 80. [ In particular, the output current information, output voltage information, and the like of the plurality of solar modules 50a to 50n can be transmitted.

On the other hand, the communication unit 580 can receive the load power consumption information Infl from the gateway 80. [

FIG. 10 is a front view of the solar module of FIG. 7, and FIG. 11 is a rear view of the solar module of FIG.

Referring to the drawings, a solar module 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a solar cell module 100 and a junction box 200 located on the back surface of the solar cell module 100.

The junction box 200 may include at least one bypass diode that is bypassed to prevent hot spots in the case of shadow generation or the like.

On the other hand, FIG. 9 and the like illustrate that three bypass diodes (Da, Db, and Dc in FIG. 9) are provided corresponding to the four solar cell strings in FIG.

On the other hand, the junction box 200 can convert DC power supplied from the solar cell module 100. This will be described with reference to FIG.

On the other hand, the solar cell module 100 may include a plurality of solar cells.

In the figure, a plurality of sinker cells are connected in series by ribbons (133 in FIG. 12) to form a solar cell string 140. By this, six strings 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d, 140e and 140f are formed, and each string includes ten solar cells. Unlike the drawings, various modifications are possible.

On the other hand, each solar cell string can be electrically connected by a bus ribbon. 10 shows the first solar cell string 140a and the second solar cell string 140b by the bus ribbons 145a, 145c and 145e arranged at the lower part of the solar cell module 100, The battery string 140c and the fourth solar cell string 140d illustrate that the fifth solar cell string 140e and the sixth solar cell string 140f are electrically connected.

10 shows a state in which the second solar cell string 140b and the third solar cell string 140c are respectively sandwiched by the bus ribbons 145b and 145d disposed on the upper portion of the solar cell module 100, And that the battery string 140d and the fifth solar cell string 140e are electrically connected.

On the other hand, the ribbon connected to the first string, the bus ribbons 145b and 145d, and the ribbon connected to the fourth string are electrically connected to the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d, respectively The first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c and 135d are connected to bypass diodes (Da, Db and Dc in Fig. 9) in the junction box 200 arranged on the back surface of the solar cell module 100, Respectively. In the drawing, the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d extend through the openings formed on the solar cell module 100 to the back surface of the solar cell module 100. FIG.

It is preferable that the junction box 200 is disposed closer to an end of the solar cell module 100 where the conductive lines extend.

12 is an exploded perspective view of the solar cell module of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 12, the solar cell module 100 of FIG. 10 may include a plurality of solar cells 130. The first sealing material 120 and the second sealing material 150 located on the lower surface and the upper surface of the plurality of solar cells 130 and the rear substrate 110 and the second sealing material 120 located on the lower surfaces of the first sealing material 120, And may further include a front substrate 160 positioned on the top surface of the sealing member 150.

The solar cell 130 is a semiconductor device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. The solar cell 130 may be a silicon solar cell, a compound semiconductor solar cell, a tandem solar cell, Dye-sensitized or CdTe, CIGS type solar cells, thin film solar cells, and the like.

The solar cell 130 is formed of a light receiving surface on which solar light is incident and a rear surface opposite to the light receiving surface. For example, the solar cell 130 includes a silicon substrate of a first conductivity type, a second conductivity type semiconductor layer formed on the silicon substrate and having a conductivity type opposite to that of the first conductivity type, An antireflection film formed on the second conductive type semiconductor layer and having at least one opening exposing a part of the surface of the second conductive type semiconductor layer; And a rear electrode formed on the rear surface of the silicon substrate.

Each solar cell 130 may be electrically connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel. Specifically, a plurality of solar cells 130 can be electrically connected by a ribbon 133. [ The ribbon 133 may be bonded to the front electrode formed on the light receiving surface of the solar cell 130 and the rear electrode collecting electrode formed on the rear surface of another adjacent solar cell 130. [

In the figure, it is illustrated that the ribbon 133 is formed in two lines, and the solar cell 130 is connected in series by the ribbon 133 to form the solar cell string 140.

Thus, six strings 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d, 140e and 140f are formed as described with reference to FIG. 10, and each string may include ten solar cells.

The back substrate 110 may be, but is not limited to, a TPT (Tedlar / PET / Tedlar) type having a waterproof, insulating and ultraviolet shielding function as a back sheet. In FIG. 9, the rear substrate 110 is shown as a rectangular shape. However, the rear substrate 110 may be formed in various shapes such as a circular shape and a semicircular shape according to the environment in which the solar cell module 100 is installed.

The first sealing member 120 may be attached to the rear substrate 110 to have the same size as the rear substrate 110 and a plurality of solar cells 130 may be formed on the first sealing member 120 And can be positioned adjacent to each other so as to achieve the same.

The second sealing member 150 may be positioned on the solar cell 130 and may be laminated to the first sealing member 120.

Here, the first sealant 120 and the second sealant 150 allow each element of the solar cell to chemically bond. The first sealing material 120 and the second sealing material 150 can be various examples such as an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) film.

On the other hand, the front substrate 160 is preferably placed on the second sealing material 150 so as to transmit sunlight, and is preferably made of tempered glass in order to protect the solar cell 130 from an external impact or the like. Further, it is more preferable to use a low-iron-content tempered glass containing a small amount of iron in order to prevent the reflection of sunlight and increase the transmittance of sunlight.

The solar cell module and the solar cell system having the solar cell module according to the present invention are not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described above but the embodiments can be applied to all or a part of each embodiment Some of which may be selectively combined.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (20)

A plurality of solar modules outputting DC power;
And an inverter unit for converting DC power from the plurality of solar modules into AC power,
The inverter unit includes:
A communication unit for receiving power consumption information of a load from outside; And
When the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is out of the allowable range and the output power of the inverter section is larger than the power consumption of the load, the output power of the inverter section is lowered based on the power follow- And outputting a corresponding second output power,
Wherein,
To supply the AC power from the inverter section to the grid and the load when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is within an allowable range and the output power of the inverter section is larger than the power consumption of the load And controls the output power of the inverter unit to be output without lowering the output power of the inverter unit,
Wherein,
And controlling the output power of the inverter section to be output to the load instead of the grid when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is out of the allowable range and the output power of the inverter section is smaller than the power consumption of the load The solar system features. delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
And a power switching unit connected between the inverter unit and the grid,
Wherein the power switching unit comprises:
Wherein when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is out of the allowable range and the power consumption of the load is equal to or greater than the output power of the inverter section, the AC power output from the inverter section is switched off so as to be supplied to the load Photovoltaic systems. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the power switching unit comprises:
And when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is within the permissible range and the power consumption of the load is smaller than the output power of the inverter section, switching on is performed. The method according to claim 1,
And a gateway for monitoring the AC power output from the inverter unit,
Wherein,
And receives power consumption information of the load from the gateway. 8. The method of claim 7,
And a cable for performing power line communication between the inverter unit and the gateway. 8. The method of claim 7,
The gateway comprises:
And calculates power consumption of the load based on a current flowing to the grid or a current flowing to the load. And a plurality of solar modules outputting AC power,
Each of the photovoltaic modules includes:
A communication unit for receiving power consumption information of a load from outside; And
When the peak value of the output current of the solar module is out of the allowable range and the output power of the solar module is larger than the power consumption of the load, And a second output power corresponding to the power consumption of the load,
Wherein,
Wherein when the peak value of the output current of the photovoltaic module is within an allowable range and the output power of the photovoltaic module is larger than the power consumption of the load, the alternating- Controls to output the output power as it is, without lowering the output power of the solar module,
Wherein,
The output power of the photovoltaic module is output to the load rather than the grid when the output power of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the power consumption of the load, out of the peak value of the output current of the photovoltaic module, And the solar cell system. delete delete 11. The method of claim 10,
And a power switching unit connected between the solar module and the grid,
Wherein the power switching unit comprises:
Wherein when the peak value of the output current of the photovoltaic module is out of the allowable range and the power consumption of the load is equal to or greater than the output power of the photovoltaic module, Wherein the solar cell is a solar cell. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the power switching unit comprises:
Wherein when the peak value of the output current of the photovoltaic module is within an allowable range and the power consumption of the load is smaller than the output power of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic system is switched on. 11. The method of claim 10,
And a gateway for monitoring AC power output from the solar module,
The communication unit of each of the solar modules includes:
And receives power consumption information of the load from the gateway. 16. The method of claim 15,
Each of the photovoltaic modules includes:
And a cable for performing power line communication between the solar module and the gateway. 16. The method of claim 15,
The gateway comprises:
And calculates power consumption of the load based on a current flowing to the grid or a current flowing to the load. A solar cell module comprising a plurality of solar cells;
A converter unit for converting the level of the DC power from the solar cell module;
An inverter unit for outputting the converted AC power based on the level-converted DC power from the converter unit;
A cable for outputting AC power from the inverter unit to the outside;
A communication unit for receiving power consumption information of a load from outside; And
When the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is out of the allowable range and the output power of the inverter section is larger than the power consumption of the load, the output power of the inverter section is lowered based on the power follow- And outputting a corresponding second output power,
Wherein,
To supply the AC power from the inverter section to the grid and the load when the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is within the allowable range and the output power of the inverter section is larger than the power consumption of the load And controls the output power of the inverter unit to be output without lowering the output power of the inverter unit,
Wherein,
When the peak value of the output current of the inverter section is out of the allowable range and the output power of the inverter section is smaller than the power consumption of the load, control is performed so that the output power of the inverter section is output to the load, . delete delete
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