JP7251212B2 - Wound-field synchronous motor - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pole changing wound field synchronous motor (PC-WFSM) having a pole number switching function.

Rotating machines have been used in which the optimum number of poles can be switched according to the operating area. Generally, a high number of poles is selected in the low speed range to obtain high torque, and a low number of poles is selected in the high speed range to obtain high output and to reduce iron loss. In the case of an induction motor (IM), this is realized by switching the armature winding circuit (Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 1). However, IMs are inferior to permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) in terms of torque density, power density, and efficiency, so they are difficult to adopt in applications that require compactness and high efficiency, such as automobile drives. .

In recent years, pole number switching has also been studied in PMSM (Non-Patent Document 2). In PMSM, the armature winding is switched on the stator side in the same way as in IM. Low coercive force magnets are used in the rotor, and the magnetization direction of some of the magnets is reversed by the magnetic field generated by the magnetizing current superimposed on the armature winding. Furthermore, a system has been proposed that can switch the number of PMSM poles without switching armature windings (Patent Document 2).

JP-A-11-18382 JP 2014-168320 A

Mizuno, Tsuboi, Hirotsuka, Suzuki, Matsuda, Kobayashi, "Basic Principle and Maximum Torque Characteristics of Six-Phase Pole Switching Induction Motors for Electric Vehicles", IEEJ D, 1996, Vol.116, No.3, p. .256-264 K. Sakai, N. Yuzawa, H. Hashimoto, "Permanent Magnet Motors Capable of Pole Changing and Three-Torque-Production Mode using Magnetization", IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications, 2013, Vol.2, No.6, p.269 -275

The pole-switching PMSM disclosed in Non-Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 2 has the following problems.
(1) Since the armature winding is energized with a magnetizing current for magnetizing and demagnetizing the magnet, the electric wire must be thickened, resulting in an increase in the size of the stator.
(2) Samarium-cobalt magnets or alnico magnets are used as low coercive force magnets, but both of them are more unstable than neodymium magnets in terms of supply, leading to an increase in cost.
(3) In order to switch the magnetization direction of the low coercive force magnet, advanced design and control such as highly accurate detection of the rotor position and optimization of the magnetizing current are required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and enables pole number switching without thickening the wires on the stator side, using special magnets, or requiring advanced design and control. An object of the present invention is to provide a wound field synchronous motor.

A winding-field synchronous motor according to a first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems includes:
The number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0 > P1 > . A magnetic synchronous motor,
a rotor core having 2×P0 slots and teeth;
2×P0 conductors, one in each of said slots;
P0 field windings configured by connecting two of the conductors in pairs;
A field winding control circuit for switching the number of poles by changing the energization direction of the field winding,
The field winding control circuit sets the P0/Pi adjacent conductors as one conductor group, and controls the conductors so that the adjacent conductor groups have different conduction directions, and the number of pole pairs is controlled. , the set number of pole pairs, or the number of second pole pairs larger than the first number of pole pairs, or the number of third pole pairs larger than the second number of pole pairs
It is characterized by
A winding-field synchronous motor according to a second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems,
The number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0 > P1 > . A magnetic synchronous motor,
a rotor core having 2×P0 slots and teeth;
2×P0 conductors, one in each of said slots;
P0 field windings configured by connecting two of the conductors in pairs;
A field winding control circuit for switching the number of poles by changing the energization direction of the field winding,
The field winding control circuit sets the P0/Pi adjacent conductors as one conductor group, and controls the conductors so that the adjacent conductor groups have different conduction directions, and the number of pole pairs is controlled. , the set first number of pole pairs, or the number of second pole pairs larger than the first number of pole pairs, or the number of third pole pairs larger than the second number of pole pairs, or the number of fourth pole pairs larger than the number of third pole pairs is set to either one of the number of pole pairs of

A winding-field synchronous motor according to a third invention for solving the above-mentioned problems,
In the wound-field synchronous motor according to the first or second invention,
The conductor is a conductor group consisting of a plurality of conductors, and the plurality of conductors have the same conducting direction in each of the slots.

A wound-field synchronous motor according to a fourth invention for solving the above problems is
In the wound field synchronous motor according to the third invention,
The length of the core bevel portion of the rotor core located at the position where the conductor group subjected to centrifugal force moves is longer than the length of the core bevel portion not located at the position where the conductor group subjected to centrifugal force moves. It is characterized by

According to the present invention, the winding field type synchronous motor enables pole number switching without thickening the electric wire on the stator side, using a special magnet, or requiring advanced design and control. An electric motor can be provided.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs is P0 in a rotor having m salient poles as one embodiment of a wound field synchronous motor according to the present invention; FIG. 1B is an explanatory diagram illustrating the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs is Pi in the rotor having m salient poles shown in FIG. 1A; 1A and 1B, as one of the embodiments of the wound-field synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram for explaining a coil pattern in a rotor having six salient poles and the conducting direction of conductors in each pole pair number; FIG. is. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=3 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=1 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=3 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=1 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a field winding control circuit applied to rotors of coil patterns 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 1A and 1B, as one of the embodiments of the wound field synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram for explaining a coil pattern in a rotor having eight salient poles and the direction of conduction of conductors in each pole pair number; FIG. is. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=1 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=1 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a field winding control circuit applied to rotors of coil patterns 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 1A and 1B, as one of the embodiments of the wound field synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram for explaining a coil pattern in a rotor having eight salient poles and the direction of conduction of conductors in each pole pair number; FIG. is. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 10; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 10; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 10; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 10; FIG. 1A and 1B, as one of the embodiments of the wound field synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram for explaining a coil pattern in a rotor having eight salient poles and the direction of conduction of conductors in each pole pair number; FIG. is. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 13; FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 13; FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 13; FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 13; 1A and 1B, as one of the embodiments of the wound-field synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram for explaining a coil pattern in a rotor having 12 salient poles and the conducting direction of conductors in each pole pair number; FIG. is. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=6 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 16; FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=3 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 16; FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P2=2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 16; FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=6 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 16; FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=3 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 16; FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P2=2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 16; FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a field winding control circuit applied to rotors of coil patterns 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 16; FIG. 1A and 1B, as one of the embodiments of the wound-field synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram for explaining a coil pattern in a rotor having 12 salient poles and the conducting direction of conductors in each pole pair number; FIG. is. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=6 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 20; FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=3 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 20; FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P2=2 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 20; FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P3=1 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 20; FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a field winding control circuit applied to the rotor having the coil pattern shown in FIG. 20; FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs is P0 in a rotor having m salient poles, as an example of an embodiment of a wound field synchronous motor according to the present invention; FIG. 23B is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs is Pi in the rotor having m salient poles shown in FIG. 23A; 23A and 23B, as one of the embodiments of the winding field synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, an explanatory diagram for explaining a coil pattern in a rotor having 12 salient poles and the conducting direction of conductors in each pole pair number. is. 25 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P0=6 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24; FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P1=3 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24; FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P2=2 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24; FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the number of pole pairs P3=1 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24; FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a field winding control circuit applied to the rotor having the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24; FIG. 8B is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of the rotor shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B as one embodiment of the wound field synchronous motor according to the present invention. FIG.

1 to 27, embodiments of a wound field synchronous motor (PC-WFSM) according to the present invention will be described below.

The PC-WFSM according to the present invention has a pole number switching function. A rotor that has a child winding control circuit, a field winding that can switch the number of poles, and a field winding that controls the number of poles by changing the energization direction of some of the field windings. and a control circuit.

In the case of the present invention, the stator, the armature winding, and the armature winding control circuit may have the same configuration as the conventional configuration (for example, the above Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 1, etc.), so here, Their description is omitted. On the other hand, the rotor, the field winding and the field winding control circuit have the configurations described in the first to third embodiments (Examples 1 to 8) as described below. there is

<First embodiment>
The configuration of the first embodiment, which is a generalization of Examples 1 to 6, which will be described later, will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. Here, the number of switchable pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0>P1> . . . >Pn. Also, m=2×P0.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment includes a rotor 10 having a salient pole type rotor core 11 having m salient poles. It has m teeth T1 to Tm and m recessed slots S1 to Sm. One conductor W1 to Wm is arranged in each of the slots S1 to Sm. In addition, FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are development views in which the rotor 10 is developed in the circumferential direction.

1A and 1B do not show the coils that serve as the field windings, but these coils are configured by connecting two pairs of conductors W1 to Wm. P0 coils will be configured. Concrete connection of the conductors W1 to Wm forming the coil Ck (k=1, 2, . . . , P0) will be described in Examples 1 to 6 below.

In the rotor 10, the conductors W1 to Wm are each set by a field winding control circuit (not shown) to be a + conductor (hereafter, a conductor through which current flows toward the front of the paper is a + conductor, and a double circle is shown in the figure). ) or - conductor (hereafter, the conductor in which the current flows in the direction of the back of the paper is the - conductor, and is represented by x in the circle in the figure), and each coil has a different direction of conduction + conductor and - conductor (pair of opposite direction conductors), and the number of poles can be switched by assigning + conductors and - conductors to conductors W1 to Wm as described below. It is carried out.

Specifically, the conductors W1 to Wm are alternately + conductors, - Controlled to be a conductor. By controlling in this way, it becomes possible to switch to a desired number of pole pairs Pi.

This will be described with reference to FIG. 1A for the rotor 10 when the number of pole pairs is P0 (P0 mode). The P0 mode is a mode that maximizes the number of pole pairs, and in the rotor 10 having m salient poles, P0=m/2. In this case, the conductors W1 to Wm are controlled so that the conductors j=P0/P0=1 each become one conductor group, so that adjacent conductors are alternately + conductors and - conductors. be. For example, conductors W1 to Wn are alternately + conductors and - conductors from the left in the drawing. With this control, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the drawing) of the teeth T1 to Tm are alternately directed outward and inward for adjacent teeth. As a result, in the P0 mode, the number of pole pairs of the rotor 10 is P0=m/2.

Further, the rotor 10 when the number of pole pairs is Pi (Pi mode) will be described with reference to FIG. 1B. Note that Pi here is other than P0. The Pi mode is a mode in which the number of pole pairs is Pi. In this case, the conductors W1 to Wm are controlled so that the j (=P0/Pi) adjacent conductors form one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups alternately become + conductors and - conductors. For example, from the left in the drawing, conductors W1 to Wj forming one conductor group are positive conductors, and conductors Wj+1 to W2j forming one conductor group are negative conductors. With this control, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) of the teeth T1 to Tm are alternately directed outward and inward in the teeth between the conductor groups. As a result, in the Pi mode, the number of pole pairs of the rotor 10 is Pi.

In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, the number of pole pairs Pi is switched as described above. In the case of this embodiment, the number of switchable pole pairs Pi is a divisor of P0, and P0>P1> . . . >Pn. For example, in Example 1 (FIGS. 2 to 5) to be described later, m=6 and P0=m/2, so P0=3 and P1=1, which is called "3:1 PC-WFSM". It will be.

Next, specific examples of the PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described by exemplifying Examples 1 to 6 below. In Examples 1 to 6 below, rotors having m=6, 8, and 12 salient poles are exemplified. Applicable to rotors.

[Example 1]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. FIG. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 4B, the rotors 10A and 10B have a rotor core 11A having six salient poles, and the rotor core 11A protrudes. It has six teeth T1-T6 and six recessed slots S1-S6. Thus, the rotor 10A and the rotor 10B have the same shape of the rotor core 11A. On the other hand, the rotor 10A and the rotor 10B have different coil patterns, and the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C3, which are the field windings, are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 3A and 3B show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 2, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6. , the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4. is configured as

4A and 4B show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 2, the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 placed in the slot S2 and the conductor W5 placed in the slot S5, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 placed in the slot S3 and the conductor W6 placed in the slot S6 It is

The coils C1 to C3 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B and the coils C1 to C3 shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B are controlled by the field winding control circuit 30A shown in FIG. be done. The field winding control circuit 30A includes a DC power supply P that powers the coils C1 to C3, a capacitor C that is connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW8 that control the energization directions of the coils C1 to C3. and

Here, the switch SW1 switches between the positive side of the DC power source P and one end of the coil C1, the switch SW2 switches between the negative side of the DC power source P and the other end of the coil C1, and the switch SW3 switches between the positive side of the DC power source P and the other end of the coil C1. switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, the switch SW4 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2, and the switch SW5 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2. and one end of the coil C2, the switch SW6 switches between the negative electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2, the switch SW7 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and the coil The switch SW8 is configured to switch between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C3.

In other words, the field winding control circuit 30A controls the switches SW1, SW2, SW7, and SW8 so as not to change the current direction of the coils C1 and C3, nor change the energization direction of the conductors W1, W3, W4, and W6. , the switches SW3 to SW6 are controlled to change the current direction of the coil C2, thereby changing the conducting directions of the conductors W2 and W5.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C3 as shown in FIG. P1=1 can be set.

Specifically, in the P0 mode (P0=3) for the rotors 10A and 10B, the switches SW1 to SW8 is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1 to C3.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 4A, conductor W1 is a + conductor, conductor W2 is a - conductor, conductor W3 is a + conductor, conductor W4 is a - conductor, conductor W5 is a + conductor, and conductor W6 is a - conductor. becomes. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at tooth T1, outward at tooth T2, inward at tooth T3, outward at tooth T4, inward at tooth T5, and outward at tooth T6. , the rotors 10A and 10B alternately turn inward and outward, respectively, and operate as the rotors 10A and 10B having the number of pole pairs P0=3.

In the P1 mode (P1=1) of the rotors 10A and 10B, since j=P0/P1=3, three adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and adjacent conductor groups The switches SW1 to SW8 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW8 are turned on or off so that the conductors alternately become + conductors and - conductors, and currents flow through the coils C1 to C3.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 4B, the conductors W1 to W6 form one conductor group in which the three adjacent conductors W1 to W3 are positive conductors, and the three adjacent conductors W4 to W6 is one conductor group with - conductors. As a result, the magnetization direction (white arrow in the drawing) is inward at teeth T1 between the conductor groups and outward at teeth T4 between the conductor groups. That is, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed inward and outward, and each operates as the rotors 10A and 10B having the number of pole pairs P1=1.

In this way, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m=6, P0=3, and P1=1, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 3 and 1, so it is a "3:1 PC-WFSM." call.

FIG. 2 summarizes the above. Conductors W1 to W6 are arranged in the slots S1 to S6, respectively, but illustration of the conductors W1 to W6 is omitted in FIG. In addition, the direction of conduction of these conductors is indicated by +-, which is the sign of + conductor and - conductor.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the number of pole pairs P0 is 3, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W6 of the slots S1 to S6 are "+- +-+-". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1=1, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W6 of the slots S1 to S6 are "+++---" in the above order.

Then, the pattern of the current flow direction change from the pole pair number P0=3 to P1=1 in each conductor W1 to W6 of each slot S1 to S6 is that the conductors W1 and W3 of the slots S1 and S3 are "+→+" ( Pattern 1a), conductors W4 and W6 of slots S4 and S6 are "-→-" (pattern 1b), conductor W2 of slot S2 is "-→+" (pattern 2a), conductor W5 of slot S5 is It is "+→-" (pattern 2b). Here, with respect to patterns of current direction change by pole number switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change in the same pattern, and a is assigned to a certain pattern within the same number. , a pattern in which + and - are reversed is indicated by b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the direction of current flow shown in FIG. 2, one coil is operated by combining conductors of patterns in which + and - are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 that forms the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 that forms the pattern 2a and the conductor W5 that forms the pattern 2b. C3 operates by combining the conductor W3 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 that forms the pattern 1b.

In the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 forming the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 forming the pattern 1b, the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 forming the pattern 2a and the conductor W5 forming the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 forms the pattern The conductor W3 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 that forms the pattern 1b are combined and operated.

As described above, in the rotors 10A and 10B, the number of pole pairs can be switched between three pole pairs and one pole pair by switching the energization direction of the predetermined coils (conductors). Also, by changing the DC voltage (boosting or stepping it down) by switching or the like to change the current flowing through the coil (conductor), a variable magnetic flux motor can be obtained.

In addition, it has the following features compared to the PMSM that can switch the number of poles.
・Since no magnetizing current is required for magnet magnetization and demagnetization, there is no need to thicken the armature winding, and the stator does not become large.
・Since the number of poles can be switched only by switching the energization direction of the field winding, the design is easy and no advanced control is required.
・Because it does not use a special magnet, it can be manufactured at low cost.

[Example 2]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9. FIG. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 8B, the rotors 10C and 10D have a rotor core 11B having eight salient poles, and the rotor core 11B protrudes. It has eight teeth T1 to T8 and eight recessed slots S1 to S8. Thus, the rotor 10C and the rotor 10D have the same shape of the rotor core 11B. On the other hand, the rotor 10C and the rotor 10D have different coil patterns, and the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4, which are the field windings, are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 7A and 7B show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 6, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6. , the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8. A coil C4 is configured by connecting a conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and a conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

8A and 8B show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 6, the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8, and the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 placed in the slot S2 and the conductor W7 placed in the slot S7, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 placed in the slot S3 and the conductor W6 placed in the slot S6 A coil C4 is configured by connecting a conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and a conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5.

The coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B and the coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B are controlled by the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. be done. The field winding control circuit 30B includes a DC power supply P that powers the coils C1 to C4, a capacitor C that is connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW6 that control the energization directions of the coils C1 to C4. and

Here, the switch SW1 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power source P and one end of the coils C1 and C3 connected in series, and the switch SW2 switches between the negative electrode side of the DC power source P and the coils C1 and C3 connected in series. The switch SW3 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coils C2 and C4 connected in series, and the switch SW4 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and the coils connected in series. The switch SW5 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P and one end of the series-connected coils C2 and C4, and the switch SW6 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P. and the other end of series connected coils C2 and C4.

In other words, the field winding control circuit 30B does not change the current direction of the coils C1 and C3 and the energizing directions of the conductors W1, W3, W6 and W8 by controlling the switches SW1 and SW2, but the switches SW3 to By controlling the SW6, the current direction of the coils C2 and C4 is changed, thereby changing the conducting direction of the conductors W2, W4, W5 and W7.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C4 as shown in FIG. P1=1 can be set.

Specifically, in the P0 mode (P0=4) for the rotors 10C and 10D, the switches SW1 to SW6 is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 8A, conductor W1 is a + conductor, conductor W2 is a - conductor, conductor W3 is a + conductor, conductor W4 is a - conductor, conductor W5 is a + conductor, and conductor W6 is a - conductor. , the conductor W7 becomes a + conductor, and the conductor W8 becomes a - conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at tooth T1, outward at tooth T2, inward at tooth T3, outward at tooth T4, inward at tooth T5, and outward at tooth T6. , the teeth T7 are directed inward and the teeth T8 are directed outward.

In the P1 mode (P1=1) of the rotors 10C and 10D, j=P0/P1=4. The switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the conductors C1 to C4 alternately become + conductors and - conductors.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 8B, the conductors W1 to W8 form one conductor group in which the four adjacent conductors W1 to W4 are + conductors, and the four adjacent conductors W5 to W8 is one conductor group with - conductors. As a result, the magnetization direction (white arrow in the drawing) is inward at the teeth T1 between the conductor groups and outward at the teeth T5 between the conductor groups. In other words, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed inward and outward, and each operates as the rotors 10C and 10D having the number of pole pairs P1=1.

Thus, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m=8, P0=4, and P1=1, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 4 and 1, so it is a "4:1 PC-WFSM." call.

FIG. 6 summarizes the above. Conductors W1 to W8 are arranged in the slots S1 to S8, respectively, but illustration of the conductors W1 to W8 is omitted in FIG. In addition, the direction of conduction of these conductors is indicated by +-, which is the sign of + conductor and - conductor.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the number of pole pairs P0 is 4, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "+- +-+-+-". Further, when the pole pair number P1=1, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "++++----" in the above order.

Then, the pattern of the current flow direction change from the number of pole pairs P0=4 to P1=1 in each of the conductors W1 to W8 of each of the slots S1 to S8 is that the conductors W1 and W3 of the slots S1 and S3 are "+→+" ( Pattern 1a), conductors W6, W8 in slots S6, S8 are "-→-" (pattern 1b), conductors W2, W4 in slots S2, S4 are "-→+" (pattern 2a), slot S5 , S7 are "+→-" (pattern 2b). Again, with respect to patterns of current flow direction change due to pole number switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change in the same pattern, and a certain pattern within the same number is assigned an a. , a pattern in which + and - are reversed is indicated by b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the direction of current flow shown in FIG. 6, one coil is operated by combining conductors of patterns in which + and - are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 that forms the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 that forms the pattern 2a and the conductor W5 that forms the pattern 2b. The coil C3 combines the conductor W3 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W8 that forms the pattern 1b, and the coil C4 combines the conductor W4 that forms the pattern 2a and the conductor W7 that forms the pattern 2b.

In the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 forming the pattern 1a and the conductor W8 forming the pattern 1b, the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 forming the pattern 2a and the conductor W7 forming the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 forms the pattern A conductor W3 for pattern 1a and a conductor W6 for pattern 1b are combined, and a coil C4 is operated by combining a conductor W4 for pattern 2a and a conductor W5 for pattern 2b.

As described above, in the rotors 10C and 10D, the number of pole pairs can be switched between four pole pairs and one pole pair by switching the current-carrying direction of the predetermined coils (conductors). Also, as described in the first embodiment, a variable magnetic flux motor can be used. Moreover, compared with PMSM, it has the features described in the first embodiment.

[Example 3]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12B. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11A to 12B, the rotors 10E and 10F have the rotor core 11B described above, and the rotors 10E and 10F have different coil patterns. However, the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4, which are the field windings, are different. Also, the rotors 10C and 10D shown in the second embodiment differ in the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4, which are the field windings.

Specifically, FIGS. 11A and 11B show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 10, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2. , the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6. A coil C4 is configured by connecting a conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7 and a conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8.

12A and 12B show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 10, the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6, and the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 placed in the slot S3 and the conductor W8 placed in the slot S8, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 placed in the slot S2 and the conductor W5 placed in the slot S5 A coil C4 is configured by connecting a conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and a conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

The coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B and the coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B are controlled by the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. controlled. Note that the field winding control circuit 30B is as described in the second embodiment, so description thereof will be omitted here. However, in this embodiment, the connection of the conductors W1 to W8 constituting the coils C1 to C4 is different from that in the second embodiment. Although not changed, the conducting direction of the conductors W3, W4, W7 and W8 will be changed.

Then, using the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. 9, the energization directions of the coils C1 to C4 are controlled as shown in FIG. or the number of pole pairs P1=2.

Specifically, in the P0 mode (P0=4) for the rotors 10E and 10F, the switches SW1 to SW6 is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 12A, conductor W1 is a + conductor, conductor W2 is a - conductor, conductor W3 is a + conductor, conductor W4 is a - conductor, conductor W5 is a + conductor, and conductor W6 is a - conductor. , the conductor W7 becomes a + conductor, and the conductor W8 becomes a - conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at tooth T1, outward at tooth T2, inward at tooth T3, outward at tooth T4, inward at tooth T5, and outward at tooth T6. , the teeth T7 are directed inward and the teeth T8 are directed outward.

In the P1 mode (P1=2) of the rotors 10E and 10F, since j=P0/P1=2, two adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups The switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the conductors C1 to C4 alternately become + conductors and - conductors.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 11B and 12B, the conductors W1 to W8 form one conductor group in which two adjacent conductors W8 and W1 are + conductors, and two adjacent conductors W2 and W3 becomes one conductor group with - conductors, two adjacent conductors W4 and W5 become one conductor group with + conductors, and two adjacent conductors W6 and W7 become one conductor group with - conductors. Become. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward at teeth T2 between the conductor groups, inward at teeth T4 between the conductor groups, outward at teeth T6 between the conductor groups, and outward at teeth T6 between the conductor groups. It becomes inward at T8. That is, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed outward and inward, and each operates as rotors 10E and 10F having the number of pole pairs P1=2.

In this way, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m=8, P0=4, and P1=2, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 4 and 2, so it is a "4:2 PC-WFSM." call.

FIG. 10 summarizes the above. Conductors W1 to W8 are arranged in the slots S1 to S8, respectively, but the illustration of the conductors W1 to W8 is omitted in FIG. In addition, the direction of conduction of these conductors is indicated by +-, which is the sign of + conductor and - conductor.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the number of pole pairs P0 is 4, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "+- +-+-+-". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1=2, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "+--++--+" in the above order.

Then, the pattern of the current flow direction change from the number of pole pairs P0=4 to P1=2 in each of the conductors W1 to W8 of each of the slots S1 to S8 is that the conductors W1 and W5 of the slots S1 and S5 are "+→+" ( Pattern 1a), conductors W2 and W6 of slots S2 and S6 are "-→-" (pattern 1b), conductors W3 and W7 of slots S3 and S7 are "+→-" (pattern 2a), Conductors W4 and W8 of slots S4 and S8 are "-→+" (pattern 2b). Again, with respect to patterns of current flow direction change due to pole number switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change in the same pattern, and a certain pattern within the same number is assigned an a. , a pattern in which + and - are reversed is indicated by b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the direction of current flow shown in FIG. 10, one coil is operated by combining conductors of patterns in which + and - are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W2 that forms the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 combines the conductor W3 that forms the pattern 2a and the conductor W4 that forms the pattern 2b. The coil C3 is operated by combining the conductor W5 for the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 for the pattern 1b, and the coil C4 is operated by combining the conductor W7 for the pattern 2a and the conductor W8 for the pattern 2b.

In the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 forming the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 forming the pattern 1b, the coil C2 combines the conductor W3 forming the pattern 2a and the conductor W8 forming the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 forms the pattern A conductor W5 for pattern 1a and a conductor W2 for pattern 1b are combined, and a coil C4 is operated by combining a conductor W7 for pattern 2a and a conductor W4 for pattern 2b.

As described above, in the rotors 10E and 10F, the number of pole pairs can be switched between four pole pairs and two pole pairs by switching the energization direction of predetermined coils (conductors). Also, as described in the first embodiment, a variable magnetic flux motor can be used. Moreover, compared with PMSM, it has the features described in the first embodiment.

[Example 4]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15B. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 14A to 15B, the rotors 10G and 10H have the rotor core 11B described above, and the rotors 10G and 10H have different coil patterns. However, the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4, which are the field windings, are different. Further, the rotors 10C and 10D shown in the second embodiment and the rotors 10E and 10F shown in the third embodiment also have different arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4 serving as the field windings.

Specifically, FIGS. 14A and 14B show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 13, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8. , the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6.

15A and 15B show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 13, the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 placed in the slot S2 and the conductor W3 placed in the slot S3, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W5 placed in the slot S5 and the conductor W8 placed in the slot S8 A coil C4 is configured by connecting a conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6 and a conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

The coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B and the coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B are controlled by the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. controlled. Note that the field winding control circuit 30B is as described in the second embodiment, so description thereof will be omitted here as well. However, in this embodiment, the connection of the conductors W1 to W8 constituting the coils C1 to C4 is different from that in the second embodiment. Although not changed, the conducting direction of the conductors W2, W3, W6 and W7 will be changed.

Then, the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. 9 is used to control the energization directions of the coils C1 to C4 as shown in FIG. or the number of pole pairs P1=2.

Specifically, in the P0 mode (P0=4) for the rotors 10G and 10H, the switches SW1 to SW6 is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 14A and 15A, conductor W1 is a + conductor, conductor W2 is a - conductor, conductor W3 is a + conductor, conductor W4 is a - conductor, conductor W5 is a + conductor, and conductor W6 is a - conductor. , the conductor W7 becomes a + conductor, and the conductor W8 becomes a - conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at tooth T1, outward at tooth T2, inward at tooth T3, outward at tooth T4, inward at tooth T5, and outward at tooth T6. , the teeth T7 are directed inward and the teeth T8 are directed outward.

Then, for the rotors 10G and 10H, in the P1 mode (P1=2), j=P0/P1=2, so two adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups The switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the conductors C1 to C4 alternately become + conductors and - conductors.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 14B and 15B, the conductors W1 to W8 form one conductor group with the two adjacent conductors W1 and W2 as positive conductors, and the two adjacent conductors W3 and W4. becomes one conductor group with - conductors, one conductor group with two adjacent conductors W5 and W6 as + conductors, and one conductor group with two adjacent conductors W7 and W8 as - conductors. Become. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are directed inward at the teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward at the teeth T3 between the conductor groups, inward at the teeth T5 between the conductor groups, and inward at the teeth T5 between the conductor groups. It becomes outward at T7. That is, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed inward and outward, and each operates as rotors 10G and 10H having the number of pole pairs P1=2.

In this way, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m=8, P0=4, and P1=2, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 4 and 2, so it is a "4:2 PC-WFSM." call.

FIG. 13 summarizes the above. Conductors W1 to W8 are arranged in the slots S1 to S8, respectively, but illustration of the conductors W1 to W8 is omitted in FIG. In addition, the direction of conduction of these conductors is indicated by +-, which is the sign of + conductor and - conductor.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the number of pole pairs P0 is 4, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "+- +-+-+-". Further, when the pole pair number P1=2, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "++--++--" in the above order.

Then, the pattern of the current flow direction change from the number of pole pairs P0=4 to P1=2 in each of the conductors W1 to W8 of each of the slots S1 to S8 is that the conductors W1 and W5 of the slots S1 and S5 are "+→+" ( Pattern 1a), conductors W4 and W8 of slots S4 and S8 are "-→-" (pattern 1b), conductors W2 and W6 of slots S2 and S6 are "-→+" (pattern 2a), Conductors W3 and W7 of slots S3 and S7 are "+→-" (pattern 2b). Again, with respect to patterns of current flow direction change due to pole number switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change in the same pattern, and a certain pattern within the same number is assigned an a. , a pattern in which + and - are reversed is indicated by b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the direction of current flow shown in FIG. 13, one coil is operated by combining conductors of patterns in which + and - are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W8 that forms the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 that forms the pattern 2a and the conductor W7 that forms the pattern 2b. The coil C3 is operated by combining the conductor W5 for the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 for the pattern 1b, and the coil C4 is operated by combining the conductor W6 for the pattern 2a and the conductor W3 for the pattern 2b.

In the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 forming the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 forming the pattern 1b, the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 forming the pattern 2a and the conductor W3 forming the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 forms the pattern A conductor W5 for pattern 1a and a conductor W8 for pattern 1b are combined, and a coil C4 is operated by combining a conductor W6 for pattern 2a and a conductor W7 for pattern 2b.

As described above, in the rotors 10G and 10H, the number of pole pairs can be switched between four pole pairs and two pole pairs by switching the energization direction of predetermined coils (conductors). Also, as described in the first embodiment, a variable magnetic flux motor can be used. Moreover, compared with PMSM, it has the features described in the first embodiment.

[Example 5]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 to 19. FIG. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 17A to 18C, the rotors 10I and 10J have a rotor core 11C having 12 salient poles, and the rotor core 11C protrudes. It has 12 teeth T1-T12 and 12 recessed slots S1-S12. Thus, the shape of the rotor core 11C is the same between the rotor 10I and the rotor 10J. On the other hand, the rotor 10I and the rotor 10J have different coil patterns, and the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C6, which are the field windings, are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 17A to 17C show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 16, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W12 arranged in the slot S12. , the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and the conductor W9 arranged in the slot S9, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W11 arranged in the slot S11. , the coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W10 arranged in the slot S10, and the coil C5 is arranged in the slot S8 with the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5 The coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W8, and the coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

18A to 18C show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 16, the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W9 placed in the slot S9 and the conductor W12 placed in the slot S12, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 placed in the slot S2 and the conductor W11 placed in the slot S11 The coil C4 connects the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6, and the coil C5 connects the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7 and the conductor W10 arranged in the slot S10. The coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8.

The coils C1 to C6 shown in FIGS. 17A to 17C and the coils C1 to C6 shown in FIGS. 18A to 18C are controlled in their energizing directions by the field winding control circuit 30C shown in FIG. be done. The field winding control circuit 30C includes a DC power supply P that powers the coils C1 to C6, a capacitor C that is connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW20 that control the energization directions of the coils C1 to C6. and

Here, the switch SW1 switches between the positive side of the DC power source P and one end of the coil C1, the switch SW2 switches between the negative side of the DC power source P and the other end of the coil C1, and the switch SW3 switches between the positive side of the DC power source P and the other end of the coil C1. switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, and the switch SW4 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2. The switch SW5 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C3, the switch SW6 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C3, and the switch SW7 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C3. , the negative electrode side of the DC power source P and one end of the coil C3, and the switch SW8 is configured to switch between the negative electrode side of the DC power source P and the other end of the coil C3.

Although the coils C4 and C5 and the switches SW9 to SW16 are omitted in FIG. 19, the switches SW9 to SW12 for the coil C4 and the switches SW13 to SW16 for the coil C5 correspond to the switches SW5 to SW8 for the coil C3. is configured similarly. Also, the switches SW17 to SW20 for the coil C6 are configured similarly to the switches SW5 to SW8 for the coil C3, as shown in FIG.

In other words, the field winding control circuit 30C does not change the current direction of the coils C1 and C2 and does not change the energization direction of the conductors W1, W4, W9, and W12 by controlling the switches SW1 to SW4. By controlling the SW20, the current direction of the coils C3 to C6 is changed, thereby changing the conducting direction of the conductors W2, W3, W5, W6, W7, W8, W10 and W11.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C6 as shown in FIG. It is possible to set P1=3, or set the number of pole pairs P2=2.

Specifically, in the P0 mode (P0=6) for the rotors 10I and 10J, the switches SW1 to The SW20 is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 18A, conductor W1 is a + conductor, conductor W2 is a - conductor, conductor W3 is a + conductor, conductor W4 is a - conductor, conductor W5 is a + conductor, and conductor W6 is a - conductor. , the conductor W7 is a + conductor, the conductor W8 is a - conductor, the conductor W9 is a + conductor, the conductor W10 is a - conductor, the conductor W11 is a + conductor, and the conductor W12 is a - conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at tooth T1, outward at tooth T2, inward at tooth T3, outward at tooth T4, inward at tooth T5, and outward at tooth T6. , teeth T7 are inward, teeth T8 are outward, teeth T9 are inward, teeth T10 are outward, teeth T11 are inward, and teeth T12 are outward. =6 rotors 10I and 10J.

For the rotors 10I and 10J, in the P1 mode (P1=3), j=P0/P1=2, so two adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups , the switches SW1 to SW20 are turned on or off so that the conductors alternately become + conductors and - conductors, and currents flow through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 17B and 18B, the conductors W1 to W12 form one conductor group with the two adjacent conductors W1 and W2 as positive conductors, and the two adjacent conductors W3 and W4. become one conductor group with - conductors, two adjacent conductors W5 and W6 become one conductor group with + conductors, and two adjacent conductors W7 and W8 become one conductor group with - conductors. , two adjacent conductors W9 and W10 form one conductor group with positive conductors, and two adjacent conductors W11 and W12 form one conductor group with negative conductors. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are directed inward at the teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward at the teeth T3 between the conductor groups, inward at the teeth T5 between the conductor groups, and inward at the teeth T5 between the conductor groups. The teeth T7 between the conductor groups are outward, the teeth T9 between the conductor groups are inward, and the teeth T11 between the conductor groups are outward. That is, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed inward and outward, and the rotors 10I and 10J having the number of pole pairs P1=3 are operated respectively.

In the P2 mode (P2=2) of the rotors 10I and 10J, since j=P0/P2=3, three adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and adjacent conductor groups , the switches SW1 to SW20 are turned on or off so that the conductors alternately become + conductors and - conductors, and currents flow through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 17C and 18C, the conductors W1 to W12 form one conductor group in which the three adjacent conductors W1 to W3 are + conductors, and the three adjacent conductors W4 to W6 becomes one conductor group with - conductors, three adjacent conductors W7 to W9 become one conductor group with + conductors, and three adjacent conductors W10 to W12 become one conductor group with - conductors. Become. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are directed inward at teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward at teeth T4 between the conductor groups, inward at teeth T7 between the conductor groups, and inward at teeth T7 between the conductor groups. It becomes outward at T10. That is, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed inward and outward, and each operates as the rotors 10I and 10J having the number of pole pairs P2=2.

Thus, in the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, m=12, P0=6, P1=3, P2=2, and the numbers of pole pairs that can be switched are 6, 3, and 2. :3:2 PC-WFSM”.

FIG. 16 summarizes the above. Although conductors W1 to W12 are arranged in the slots S1 to S12, respectively, illustration of the conductors W1 to W12 is omitted in FIG. In addition, the direction of conduction of these conductors is indicated by +-, which is the sign of + conductor and - conductor.

As shown in FIG. 16, when the number of pole pairs P0 is 6, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+- +-+-+-+-+-". Further, when the pole pair number P1=3, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "++--++--++--" in the above order. Further, when the number of pole pairs P2=2, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+++---+++---" in the above order.

Then, the pattern of the energization direction change in the number of pole pairs P0=6→P1=3→P2=2 in each of the conductors W1 to W12 of each of the slots S1 to S12 is that the conductors W1 and W9 of the slots S1 and S9 are "+→+ →+” (pattern 1a), the conductors W4 and W12 of slots S4 and S12 are “−→−→−” (pattern 1b), and the conductor W2 of slot S2 is “−→+→+” ( Pattern 2a), conductor W11 of slot S11 is "+→-→-" (pattern 2b), and conductors W3 and W7 of slots S3 and S7 are "+→-→+" (pattern 3a). Yes, conductors W6 and W10 in slots S6 and S10 are "-→+→-" (pattern 3b), conductor W5 in slot S5 is "+→+→-" (pattern 4a), slot S8 is "-→-→+" (pattern 4b). Again, with respect to patterns of current flow direction change due to pole number switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change in the same pattern, and a certain pattern within the same number is assigned an a. , a pattern in which + and - are reversed is indicated by b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the direction of current flow shown in FIG. 16, one coil is operated by combining conductors of patterns in which + and - are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W12 that forms the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 combines the conductor W9 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 that forms the pattern 1b. C3 combines the conductor W2 that forms the pattern 2a and the conductor W11 that forms the pattern 2b, the coil C4 combines the conductor W3 that forms the pattern 3a and the conductor W10 that forms the pattern 3b, and the coil C5 combines the conductor W5 that forms the pattern 4a and the pattern 4b. The coil C6 is operated by combining the conductor W7 forming the pattern 3a and the conductor W6 forming the pattern 3b.

In the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 forming the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 forming the pattern 1b, the coil C2 combines the conductor W9 forming the pattern 1a and the conductor W12 forming the pattern 1b, and the coil C3 combines the conductor W9 forming the pattern 1a and the conductor W12 forming the pattern 1b. The conductor W2 that forms 2a and the conductor W11 that forms the pattern 2b are combined, the coil C4 combines the conductor W3 that forms the pattern 3a and the conductor W6 that forms the pattern 3b, and the coil C5 combines the conductor W7 that forms the pattern 3a and the conductor W10 that forms the pattern 3b. , and the coil C6 is operated by combining the conductor W5 forming the pattern 4a and the conductor W8 forming the pattern 4b.

As described above, in the rotors 10I and 10J, the number of pole pairs can be switched to 6, 3, and 2 by switching the energization direction of the predetermined coils (conductors). Also, as described in the first embodiment, a variable magnetic flux motor can be used. Moreover, compared with PMSM, it has the features described in the first embodiment.

[Example 6]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 22. FIG. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 21A to 21D, the rotor 10K has the above-described rotor core 11C, and the rotors 10I and 10J shown in the fifth embodiment have a field magnet. The arrangement positions of coils C1 to C6, which are windings, are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 21A to 21D show the coil pattern shown in FIG. 20, in which the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W12 arranged in the slot S12, The coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W11 arranged in the slot S11, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W10 arranged in the slot S10. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and the conductor W9 arranged in the slot S9, and the coil C5 is constituted by connecting the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S8 W8 is connected, and the coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

The coils C1 to C6 shown in FIGS. 21A to 21D are controlled in their energization directions by a field winding control circuit 30D shown in FIG. The field winding control circuit 30D includes a DC power supply P that powers the coils C1 to C6, a capacitor C that is connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW22 that control the energization directions of the coils C1 to C6. and

Here, the switch SW1 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C1, and the switch SW2 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C1. It is The switch SW3 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, the switch SW4 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2, and the switch SW5 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2. , the negative electrode side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, and the switch SW6 is configured to switch between the negative electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2.

Although the coils C3 to C5 and the switches SW7 to SW18 are omitted in FIG. 22, the switches SW7 to SW10 for the coil C3, the switches SW11 to SW14 for the coil C4, and the switches SW15 to SW18 for the coil C5 are respectively , and the switches SW3 to SW6 for the coil C2. Also, the switches SW19 to SW22 for the coil C6 are configured similarly to the switches SW3 to SW6 for the coil C2, as shown in FIG.

In other words, the field winding control circuit 30D does not change the current direction of the coil C1 or the energizing direction of the conductors W1 and W12 under the control of the switches SW1 and SW2. The direction of current flow through C2-C6 is changed, which in turn changes the direction of current flow through conductors W2-W11.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C6 as shown in FIG. 3, the number of pole pairs P2=2, or the number of pole pairs P3=1.

Specifically, for the rotor 10K, in the P0 mode (P0=6), the switches SW1 to SW22 are set so that the conductors W1 to W12 alternately become + conductors and − conductors between adjacent conductors. It is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1-C6.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 21A, conductor W1 is a + conductor, conductor W2 is a - conductor, conductor W3 is a + conductor, conductor W4 is a - conductor, conductor W5 is a + conductor, conductor W6 is a - conductor, and conductor W7. is a + conductor, the conductor W8 is a - conductor, the conductor W9 is a + conductor, the conductor W10 is a - conductor, the conductor W11 is a + conductor, and the conductor W12 is a - conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at tooth T1, outward at tooth T2, inward at tooth T3, outward at tooth T4, inward at tooth T5, and outward at tooth T6. , teeth T7 are inward, teeth T8 are outward, teeth T9 are inward, teeth T10 are outward, teeth T11 are inward, and teeth T12 are outward. =6 rotor 10K.

For the rotor 10K, in the P1 mode (P1=3), j=P0/P1=2, so two adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups are alternated. The switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the coils C1 to C6 are turned on or off so that the coils C1 to C6 become + conductors and - conductors.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 21B, conductors W1-W12 form one conductor group with two adjacent conductors W1 and W2 as + conductors, and two adjacent conductors W3 and W4 as - conductors. One conductor group with two adjacent conductors W5 and W6 as + conductors, one conductor group with two adjacent conductors W7 and W8 as - conductors, and two The adjacent conductors W9 and W10 form one conductor group with + conductors, and the two adjacent conductors W11 and W12 form one conductor group with - conductors. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are directed inward at the teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward at the teeth T3 between the conductor groups, inward at the teeth T5 between the conductor groups, and inward at the teeth T5 between the conductor groups. The teeth T7 between the conductor groups are outward, the teeth T9 between the conductor groups are inward, and the teeth T11 between the conductor groups are outward. That is, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed inward and outward, and the rotor 10K operates as the rotor 10K having the number of pole pairs P1=3.

For the rotor 10K, in the P2 mode (P2=2), j=P0/P2=3, so three adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and adjacent conductor groups are alternately arranged. The switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the coils C1 to C6 are turned on or off so that the coils C1 to C6 become + conductors and - conductors.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 21C, conductors W1-W12 form one conductor group with three adjacent conductors W1-W3 as + conductors and three adjacent conductors W4-W6 as - conductors. , one conductor group with three adjacent conductors W7 to W9 as + conductors, and one conductor group with three adjacent conductors W10 to W12 as - conductors. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are directed inward at teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward at teeth T4 between the conductor groups, inward at teeth T7 between the conductor groups, and inward at teeth T7 between the conductor groups. It becomes outward at T10. That is, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed inward and outward, and the rotor 10K operates as the rotor 10K having the number of pole pairs P2=2.

For the rotor 10K, in the P3 mode (P3=1), j=P0/P3=6, so six adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups are alternated. The switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the coils C1 to C6 are turned on or off so that the coils C1 to C6 become + conductors and - conductors.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 21D, conductors W1-W12 form one conductor group with six adjacent conductors W1-W6 as + conductors and six adjacent conductors W7-W12 as - conductors. becomes one conductor group. As a result, the magnetization direction (white arrow in the figure) is inward at teeth T1 between the conductor groups and outward at teeth T7 between the conductor groups. That is, the teeth between the conductor groups are alternately directed inward and outward, and the rotor 10K operates as the rotor 10K having the number of pole pairs P3=1.

Thus, in the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, m=12, P0=6, P1=3, P2=2, P3=1, and the numbers of pole pairs that can be switched are 6, 3, 2, and 1. Therefore, it is called “6:3:2:1 PC-WFSM”.

FIG. 20 summarizes the above. Although conductors W1 to W12 are arranged in the slots S1 to S12, respectively, the illustration of the conductors W1 to W12 is omitted in FIG. In addition, the direction of conduction of these conductors is indicated by +-, which is the sign of + conductor and - conductor.

As shown in FIG. 20, when the number of pole pairs P0 is 6, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+- +-+-+-+-+-". Further, when the pole pair number P1=3, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "++--++--++--" in the above order. Further, when the number of pole pairs P2=2, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+++---+++---" in the above order. Further, when the pole pair number P3=1, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "++++++------" in the above order.

Then, the pattern of the change in the energization direction of the number of pole pairs P0 = 6 → P1 = 3 → P2 = 2 → P3 = 1 in each conductor W1 to W12 of each slot S1 to S12 is that the conductor W1 of the slot S1 is "+ → + →+→+” (pattern 1a), the conductor W12 of the slot S12 is “−→−→−→−” (pattern 1b), and the conductor W2 of the slot S2 is “−→+→+→+”. Yes (pattern 2a), the conductor W11 of the slot S11 is "+→-→-→-" (pattern 2b), and the conductor W3 of the slot S3 is "+→-→+→+" (pattern 3a ), the conductor W10 of the slot S10 is “−→+→−→−” (pattern 3b), the conductor W4 of the slot S4 is “−→−→−→+” (pattern 4a), The conductor W9 of slot S9 is "+→+→+→-" (pattern 4b), the conductor W5 of slot S5 is "+→+→-→+" (pattern 5a), and the conductor of slot S8 W8 is "-→-→+→-" (pattern 5b), conductor W6 of slot S6 is "-→+→-→+" (pattern 6a), conductor W7 of slot S7 is "+ →−→+→−” (pattern 6b). Again, with respect to patterns of current flow direction change due to pole number switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change in the same pattern, and a certain pattern within the same number is assigned an a. , a pattern in which + and - are reversed is indicated by b.

As can be seen from the pattern of current flow direction change shown in FIG. 20, one coil is operated by combining conductors of patterns in which + and - are opposite to each other. Specifically, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 that forms the pattern 1a and the conductor W12 that forms the pattern 1b, the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 that forms the pattern 2a and the conductor W11 that forms the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 forms the pattern 3a. The conductor W3 and the conductor W10 forming the pattern 3b are combined, the coil C4 combines the conductor W4 forming the pattern 4a and the conductor W9 forming the pattern 4b, the coil C5 combines the conductor W5 forming the pattern 5a and the conductor W8 forming the pattern 5b, The coil C6 is operated by combining the conductor W6 forming the pattern 6a and the conductor W7 forming the pattern 6b.

As described above, in the rotor 10K, the number of pole pairs can be switched to 6, 3, 2, and 1 by switching the current-carrying direction of a predetermined coil (conductor). . Also, as described in the first embodiment, a variable magnetic flux motor can be used. Moreover, compared with PMSM, it has the features described in the first embodiment.

<Second embodiment>
The configuration of the second embodiment, which is a generalization of Example 7, which will be described later, will be described with reference to FIGS. 23A and 23B. Here, too, the number of switchable pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, and P0>P1> . . . >Pn. Also, m=2×P0.

In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, the rotor 20 has the rotor core 11 described in FIGS. 1A and 1B. In the case of this embodiment, there is a difference in the configuration of the field windings (connection of conductors) from the rotor 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. ~Cm are wound one by one. In other words, two conductors W1 to W2m constituting the coils C1 to Cm are arranged in each of the slots S1 to Sm. In addition, FIG. 23A and FIG. 23B are also development views in which the rotor 20 is developed in the circumferential direction.

In the rotor 20, the conductors W1 to W2m of the coils C1 to Cm are controlled in their energizing directions by a field winding control circuit (not shown) so that each becomes a + conductor or a - conductor, By assigning + conductors and - conductors to conductors W1 to W2m of coils C1 to Cm as described below, the number of poles can be switched.

Specifically, the coils C1 to Cm are controlled by a field winding control circuit to form a field winding group consisting of j (=P0/Pi) adjacent coils. The magnetization directions of the magnetic flux are controlled so that the adjacent coil groups are alternately directed inward and outward. At this time, the conductors W1 to W2m are controlled so that adjacent conductors in the same coil group alternately become + conductors and - conductors, and the conductors in adjacent coil groups are + conductors and - conductors. are controlled to reverse the order of By controlling in this way, it becomes possible to switch to a desired number of pole pairs Pi.

The rotor 20 when the number of pole pairs is P0 (P0 mode) will be described with reference to FIG. 23A. The P0 mode is a mode that maximizes the number of pole pairs, and in the rotor 20 having m salient poles, P0=m/2. In this case, the coils C1 to Cm are controlled so that each j=P0/P0=1 coil is one coil group, and adjacent conductors in the same coil group alternately become + conductors and - conductors. In addition, the conductors in adjacent coil groups are controlled so that the order of + conductors and - conductors is reversed. For example, from the left in the figure, the conductors W1 and W2 of the coil C1 forming one coil group are alternately in the order of + conductor and - conductor, and the conductors W3 and W4 of the coil C2 forming one adjacent coil group are: The order is - conductor and + conductor alternately. With this control, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the drawing) of the teeth T1 to Tm are alternately directed outward and inward for adjacent teeth. As a result, in the P0 mode, the number of pole pairs of the rotor 20 is P0=m/2.

Further, the rotor 20 when the number of pole pairs is Pi (Pi mode) will be described with reference to FIG. 23B. Note that Pi here is other than P0. The Pi mode is a mode in which the number of pole pairs is Pi. In this case, the coils C1 to Cm have j (=P0/Pi) adjacent coils as one coil group. In addition, the order of the conductors in the adjacent coil groups is reversed (+ conductor, - conductor). For example, from the left in the drawing, the conductors W1 to W2j of the coils C1 to Cj forming one coil group are alternately + conductors and - conductors, and the conductor W2j+1 of the coils C2j+1 to C2j forming one adjacent coil group. ˜W4j are in the order of − conductor and + conductor alternately. With this control, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) of the teeth T1 to Tm are alternately directed outward and inward for each coil group. As a result, in the Pi mode, the number of pole pairs of the rotor 20 is Pi.

In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, the number of pole pairs Pi is switched as described above. In the case of this embodiment as well, the number of switchable pole pairs Pi is a divisor of P0, and P0>P1>...>Pn, so it is called "P0:P1:...:Pn PC-WFSM". . For example, in Example 7 (FIGS. 24 to 26), which will be described later, m=12 and P0=m/2, so P0=6, P1=3, P2=2, and P3=1. :3:2:1 PC-WFSM".

Next, a specific example of the PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described by exemplifying Example 7 below. In addition, in Example 7 below, a rotor having m=12 salient poles is exemplified, but the present embodiment can be applied to a rotor having an even number of salient poles of 4 or more.

[Example 7]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 to 26. FIG. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 25A to 25D, the rotor 20A has the rotor core 11C described above, and the rotors 10A to 10K shown in Examples 1 to 6 are: The number and arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C12 that serve as the field windings are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 25A to 25D show the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24, in which the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S12 and the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S1. , the coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S2, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S3. , the coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C5 is arranged in the slot S5 with the conductor W9 arranged in the slot S4 The coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W10 and the conductor W11 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor W12 arranged in the slot S6.

Further, the coil C7 is configured by connecting the conductor W13 arranged in the slot S6 and the conductor W14 arranged in the slot S7, and the coil C8 connects the conductor W15 arranged in the slot S7 and the conductor W16 arranged in the slot S8. The coil C9 is configured by connecting the conductor W17 arranged in the slot S8 and the conductor W18 arranged in the slot S9, and the coil C10 is arranged in the slot S10 with the conductor W19 arranged in the slot S9. The coil C11 is configured by connecting the conductor W21 placed in the slot S10 and the conductor W22 placed in the slot S11, and the coil C12 is configured by connecting the conductor W23 placed in the slot S11 and the slot It is configured by connecting the conductor W24 arranged in S12.

The coils C1 to C12 shown in FIGS. 25A to 25D are controlled in their energizing directions by a field winding control circuit 30E shown in FIG. The field winding control circuit 30E includes a DC power supply P that powers the coils C1 to C12, a capacitor C that is connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW44 that control the energization directions of the coils C1 to C12. and

Here, the switch SW1 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C1, and the switch SW2 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C1. It is The switch SW3 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, the switch SW4 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2, and the switch SW5 switches between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2. , the negative electrode side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, and the switch SW6 is configured to switch between the negative electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2.

Although the coils C3 to C10 and the switches SW7 to SW38 are omitted in FIG. 26, the switches SW7 to SW10 for the coil C3, the switches SW11 to SW14 for the coil C4, the switches SW15 to SW18 for the coil C5, and the coil C6. switches SW19-SW22 for coil C7, switches SW23-SW26 for coil C7, switches SW27-SW30 for coil C8, switches SW31-SW34 for coil C9, and switches SW35-SW38 for coil C10 are the same as switches SW3-SW6 for coil C2. is configured to

Also, as shown in FIG. 26, the switches SW39 to SW42 for the coil C11 are configured similarly to the switches SW3 to SW6 for the coil C2. It is configured in the same manner as SW2.

In other words, the field winding control circuit 30E controls the switches SW1, SW2, SW43, and SW44 so as not to change the current direction of the coils C1 and C12, nor change the energization direction of the conductors W1, W2, W23, and W24. , the switches SW3 to SW42 are controlled to change the current direction of the coils C2 to C11, thereby changing the conducting direction of the conductors W3 to W22.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C12 as shown in FIG. 3, the number of pole pairs P2=2, or the number of pole pairs P3=1.

Specifically, for the rotor 20A, in the P0 mode (P0=6), j=P0/P0=1, so the coils C1 to C12 each form one coil group. , within the same coil group, adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and - conductors, and the order of the + conductors and - conductors in the adjacent coil groups is reversed. The SW44 is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1 to C12.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 25A, the coils C1 to C12 form one coil group, one coil at a time. The conductors W3 and W4 in the coil C3 are in the order of - conductor and + conductor, the conductors W5 and W6 in the coil C3 are in the order of + conductor and - conductor, and the conductors W7 and W8 in the coil C4 are in the order of - conductor and + conductor. Then, the conductors W9 and W10 in the coil C5 are in the order of the + conductor and the - conductor, the conductors W11 and W12 in the coil C6 are in the order of the - conductor and the + conductor, and the conductors W13 and W14 in the coil C7 are the + conductor, Conductors W15 and W16 in coil C8 are in the order of - conductor and + conductor, conductors W17 and W18 in coil C9 are in the order of + conductor and - conductor, and conductors W19 and W20 in coil C10 are in the order of - conductor. , − conductor, and + conductor, the conductors W21 and W22 in the coil C11 are in the order of + conductor and − conductor, and the conductors W23 and W24 in the coil C12 are in the order of − conductor and + conductor.

As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward at tooth T1, inward at tooth T2, outward at tooth T3, inward at tooth T4, outward at tooth T5, and inward at tooth T6. , teeth T7 are outward, teeth T8 are inward, teeth T9 are outward, teeth T10 are inward, teeth T11 are outward, and teeth T12 are inward. It will be.

For the rotor 20A, in the P1 mode (P1=3), j=P0/P1=2, so the coils C1 to C12 have two adjacent coils as one coil group, and the same Within the coil group, the switches SW1 to SW44 are set so that the adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and - conductors, and the order of the + conductors and - conductors in the adjacent coil groups is reversed. It is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1-C12.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 25B, in the coils C1 to C12, two adjacent coils form one coil group, and the conductors W1 to W4 in the coils C1 and C2 are in the order of + conductor and - conductor. , the conductors W5 to W8 in the coils C3 and C4 are in the order of - conductor and + conductor, the conductors W9 to W12 in the coils C5 and C6 are in the order of + conductor and - conductor, and conductors W13 to W16 in the coils C7 and C8. are in the order of - conductor and + conductor, conductors W17 to W20 in coils C9 and C10 are in the order of + conductor and - conductor, and conductors W21 to W24 in coils C11 and C12 are in the order of - conductor and + conductor. Become

As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward in teeth T1 and T2, inward in teeth T3 and T4, outward in teeth T5 and T6, inward in teeth T7 and T8, and inward in teeth T9, T10 is directed outward, teeth T11 and T12 are directed inward, and the rotor 20A operates as the rotor 20A having the number of pole pairs P1=3.

For the rotor 20A, in the P2 mode (P2=2), j=P0/P2=3, so the coils C1 to C12 have three adjacent coils as one coil group, and the same Within the coil group, the switches SW1 to SW44 are set so that the adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and - conductors, and the order of the + conductors and - conductors in the adjacent coil groups is reversed. It is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1-C12.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 25C, the coils C1 to C12 form one coil group of three adjacent coils, and the conductors W1 to W6 in the coils C1 to C3 are in the order of + conductor and - conductor. , the conductors W7 to W12 in the coils C4 to C6 are in the order of the - conductor and the + conductor, the conductors W13 to W18 in the coils C7 to C9 are in the order of the + conductor and the - conductor, and the conductors W19 to W24 in the coils C10 to C12. are in the order of - conductor and + conductor.

As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward for teeth T1 to T3, inward for teeth T4 to T6, outward for teeth T7 to T9, and inward for teeth T10 to T12. It operates as the rotor 20A with P2=2.

In the P3 mode (P3=1) of the rotor 20A, j=P0/P3=6. Within the coil group, the switches SW1 to SW44 are set so that the adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and - conductors, and the order of the + conductors and - conductors in the adjacent coil groups is reversed. It is turned on or off to allow current to flow through the coils C1-C12.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 25D, the coils C1 to C12 have six adjacent coils as one coil group, and the conductors W1 to W12 in the coils C1 to C6 are in the order of + conductor and - conductor. , the conductors W13 to W24 of the coils C7 to C12 are in the order of the - conductor and the + conductor.

As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are directed outward at teeth T1 to T6 and directed inward at teeth T7 to T12, so that the rotor 20A operates with the number of pole pairs P3=1.

Thus, in the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, m=12, P0=6, P1=3, P2=2, P3=1, and the numbers of pole pairs that can be switched are 6, 3, 2, and 1. Therefore, it is called “6:3:2:1 PC-WFSM”.

FIG. 24 summarizes the above. Although two conductors W1 to W24 are arranged in each of the slots S1 to S12, illustration of the conductors W1 to W24 is omitted in FIG. In addition, the direction of conduction of these conductors is indicated by +-, which is the sign of + conductor and - conductor.

As shown in FIG. 24, when the number of pole pairs is P0=6, the current flow direction of each of the conductors W1 to W24 of each of the slots S1 to S12 is in the order of leftmost slot S12 (conductor W1) → rightmost slot S12 (conductor W24). , "+--++--++--++--++--++--+". When the number of pole pairs P1 is 3, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W24 of the slots S1 to S12 are, in the above order, "+-+--+-++-+--+-++-+-- ＋－＋”. In addition, when the number of pole pairs P2 is 2, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W24 of the slots S1 to S12 are, in the above order, "+-+-+--+-+-+++-+-+--+ -+-+". In addition, when the pole pair number P3=1, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W24 of the slots S1 to S12 are, in the above order, "+-+-+-+-+-+--+-+-+- +-+-+".

As described above, in the rotor 20A, by switching the energization direction of a predetermined coil (conductor), the number of pole pairs can be switched to 6, 3, 2, and 1. . Also, as described in the first embodiment, a variable magnetic flux motor can be used. Moreover, compared with PMSM, it has the features described in the first embodiment.

In addition to the features of the rotor 10 described in the first embodiment, there are the following features.
・It is possible to prevent the field magnetic flux from concentrating on the tooth at the center of one pole and causing magnetic saturation.
・Because each coil has the same pitch, the impedance is the same. Therefore, it is possible to prevent imbalance of the current to be energized.

<Third Embodiment>
The configuration of the third embodiment will be described with reference to Example 8 shown in FIG. The eighth embodiment is based on the rotor 10D shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B of the second embodiment, but this embodiment can be applied to any of the first embodiments. It is possible.

[Example 8]
In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 27, the rotor 10L has a rotor core 11D having eight salient poles, and the rotor core 11D has eight protruding teeth T1. ˜T8 and eight recessed slots S1 to S8. That is, the basic configuration of the rotor core 11D is the same as the rotor core 11B shown in Examples 2 to 4 of the first embodiment.

In addition, the coils C1 to C4 serving as the field windings are arranged in the same manner as the coils C1 to C4 of the rotor 10D shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B of the second embodiment. The plurality of conductors constituting the conductor groups W1 to W8 all have the same conduction direction in each of the slots S1 to S8. That is, the configuration is such that the number of winding turns of the coils C1 to C4 is increased. In order to increase the number of winding turns in the coils C1 to C4, in this embodiment, the shape of the core bevel that holds down the windings (conductors) is different from the core bevel of the rotor core 11B described above. .

In the rotor core 11B described above, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the core bevels of the teeth T1 to T8 all have the same shape, and the core bevels are symmetrical on both sides in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of each tooth. has been extended. On the other hand, in the rotor core 11D of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 27, the shapes of the core head portions of the teeth T1 to T8 are not all the same, and the centrifugal force received by the conductor groups W1 to W8 of the coils C1 to C4 is In consideration of this, the shape is designed to suppress the conductor groups W1 to W8.

Specifically, in the tooth T1, when the conductor groups W1 and W8 of the coil C1 move due to centrifugal force, the lengths of the core bevel portions 12a and 12b at positions that restrain the conductor groups W1 and W8 are increased. Instead of eliminating the core bevel portions on the teeth T1 side of the adjacent teeth T2 and T8, the lengths of the core bevel portions 12a and 12b are increased to the vicinity of the teeth T2 and T8. The tooth T5 is the same as the tooth T1, and when the conductor groups W4 and W5 of the coil C4 move under centrifugal force, the lengths of the core bevel portions 12a and 12b at positions that hold down the conductor groups W4 and W5 are , and instead of eliminating the core bevel portions on the teeth T5 side of the adjacent teeth T4 and T6, the lengths of the core bevel portions 12a and 12b are increased to the vicinity of the teeth T4 and T6.

Further, in the tooth T2, when the conductor group W2 of the coil C2 moves due to the centrifugal force, the length of the core bevel portion 12a at a position that restrains the conductor group W2 is increased. Instead of eliminating the core bevel portion on the tooth T2 side, the length of the core bevel portion 12a is increased to the vicinity of the tooth T3. In the tooth T6, similarly to the tooth T2, when the conductor group W6 of the coil C3 moves due to the centrifugal force, the length of the core bevel portion 12a at the position to restrain the conductor group W6 is increased. Instead of eliminating the core bevel portion on the tooth T6 side of the matching tooth T7, the length of the core bevel portion 12a is increased to the vicinity of the tooth T7.

Further, in the tooth T4, when the conductor group W3 of the coil C3 moves due to the centrifugal force, the length of the core bevel portion 12b at the position that restrains the conductor group W3 is increased. Instead of eliminating the core bevel portion on the tooth T4 side, the length of the core bevel portion 12b is increased to the vicinity of the tooth T3. In the tooth T8, similarly to the tooth T4, when the conductor group W7 of the coil C2 moves due to the centrifugal force, the length of the core bevel portion 12b at a position that restrains the conductor group W7 is increased. Instead of eliminating the core bevel portion on the tooth T8 side of the matching tooth T7, the length of the core bevel portion 12b is increased to the vicinity of the tooth T7.

Thus, in the teeth T1 and T5, both the core bevel portions 12a and 12b are long, and in the teeth T2 and T6, the length of the core bevel portion 12a is increased and the core bevel portion 12b is eliminated. In teeth T4 and T8, the length of the core bevel portion 12b is increased and the core bevel portion 12a is eliminated, and in teeth T3 and T7 both of the core bevel portions 12a and 12b are eliminated.

In this way, the length of the core bevel portions 12a and 12b of the rotor core 11D at the position to which the conductor groups W1 to W8 subjected to the centrifugal force move is the position to which the conductor groups W1 to W8 subjected to the centrifugal force move. It is made longer than the length of the core head portion of the rotor core 11D, which is not present in the rotor core 11D.

By making the rotor core 11D have the above-described core shape, the number of winding turns of the coils C1 to C4 can be increased, and compared to the rotor 10D shown in FIGS. Torque can be increased.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is suitable as an electric motor having a pole number switching function.

10, 10A-10L Rotor 11, 11A-11D Rotor core 12a, 12b Core bevel 20, 20A Rotor 30A-30E Field winding control circuit C1-Cm Coil S1-Sm Slot T1-Tm Teeth W1-W2m conductor

Claims (4)

The number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0 > P1 > . A magnetic synchronous motor,
a rotor core having 2×P0 slots and teeth;
2×P0 conductors, one in each of said slots;
P0 field windings configured by connecting two of the conductors in pairs;
A field winding control circuit for switching the number of poles by changing the energization direction of the field winding,
The field winding control circuit sets the P0/Pi adjacent conductors as one conductor group, and controls the conductors so that the adjacent conductor groups have different conduction directions, and the number of pole pairs is controlled. , a set number of first pole pairs, a second number of pole pairs larger than the first number of pole pairs, or a third number of pole pairs larger than the second number of pole pairs. Magnetic synchronous motor. The number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0 > P1 > . A magnetic synchronous motor,
a rotor core having 2×P0 slots and teeth;
2×P0 conductors, one in each of said slots;
P0 field windings configured by connecting two of the conductors in pairs;
A field winding control circuit for switching the number of poles by changing the energization direction of the field winding,
The field winding control circuit sets the P0/Pi adjacent conductors as one conductor group, and controls the conductors so that the adjacent conductor groups have different conduction directions, and the number of pole pairs is controlled. , the set first number of pole pairs, or the number of second pole pairs larger than the first number of pole pairs, or the number of third pole pairs larger than the second number of pole pairs, or the number of fourth pole pairs larger than the number of third pole pairs A wound-field synchronous motor, characterized in that the number of pole pairs is any one of: In the wound field synchronous motor according to claim 1 or 2,
A wound-field synchronous motor, wherein the conductor is a conductor group consisting of a plurality of conductors, and the plurality of conductors have the same conducting direction in each of the slots. In the wound field synchronous motor according to claim 3,
The length of the core bevel portion of the rotor core located at the position where the conductor group subjected to centrifugal force moves is longer than the length of the core bevel portion not located at the position where the conductor group subjected to centrifugal force moves. A wound field synchronous motor characterized by:

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