JP2020141493A - Winding field magnetic type synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a winding field magnetic type synchronous motor that enables switching of the number of pole pairs without thickening a wire on a stator side, using special magnets, or requiring advanced design and control.SOLUTION: In a winding field magnetic type synchronous motor, the number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer from 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0>P1>...>Pn, and the field winding can be switched to a plurality of the number of pole pairs. The winding field magnetic type synchronous motor includes: a rotor core 11 having slots S1 to Sm and teeth T1 to Tm; conductors W1 to Wm arranged in each of the slots S1 to Sm; a field winding composed by connecting two of conductors W1 to Wm connected as pairs; and a field winding control circuit that switches the number of poles by changing an energizing direction of the field winding. The field winding control circuit controls the conductors W1 to Wm so as to use P0/Pi of adjacent conductors as one conductor group, and differ energization directions of the adjacent conductor groups from each other, and sets the number of pole pairs to Pi.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1B

Description

The present invention relates to a Pole Changing Wound Field Synchronous Motor (hereinafter referred to as PC-WFSM) having a pole number switching function.

Rotators that can switch to the optimum number of poles according to the operating area have been used. Generally, in the low speed range, a high number of poles is selected in order to obtain high torque, and in the high speed range, a low number of poles is selected in order to obtain high output and reduce iron loss. In the case of an induction motor (hereinafter referred to as IM), it is realized by switching the circuit of the armature winding (Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 1). However, IM is inferior in torque density, output density, and efficiency to Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), so it is difficult to use it in applications that require small size and high efficiency, such as for driving automobiles. ..

In recent years, PMSM has also been studying pole number switching (Non-Patent Document 2). In PMSM, the stator winding is switched like IM. A low coercive magnet is used for the rotor, and it is realized by reversing the magnetization direction of some magnets with a magnetic field generated by a magnetization current superimposed on the armature winding. Further, a method capable of realizing PMSM pole number switching without switching armature windings has also been proposed (Patent Document 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-18382 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-168320

Mizuno, Tsuboi, Hirotsuka, Suzuki, Matsuda, Kobayashi, "Basic Principles and Maximum Torque Characteristics of Six-Phase Pole Switching Induction Motors for Electric Vehicles", Electronic Theory D, 1996, Vol.116, No.3, p .256-264 K.Sakai, N.Yuzawa, H. Hashimoto, "Permanent Magnet Motors Capable of Pole Changing and Three-Torque-Production Mode using Magnetization", IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications, 2013, Vol.2, No.6, p.269 -275

The pole number switching PMSM shown in Non-Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 2 has the following problems.
(1) In order to energize the armature winding with the magnetization current for magnetizing and demagnetizing, the wire must be thickened and the stator becomes large.
(2) As the low coercive force magnet, a samarium-cobalt magnet or an alnico magnet is used, but both of them are more unstable than neodymium magnets, which causes an increase in cost.
(3) In order to switch the magnetization direction of the low coercive force magnet, advanced design and control such as highly accurate detection of the rotor position and optimization of the magnetization current are required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and enables switching of the number of poles without thickening the wire on the stator side, using a special magnet, or requiring advanced design and control. It is an object of the present invention to provide a winding field type synchronous motor.

The winding field type synchronous motor according to the first invention that solves the above problems is
The number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0> P1 >>...> Pn, and the winding field can be switched to a plurality of pole logarithms Pi. It is a magnetic synchronous motor,
A rotor core with 2 x P0 slots and teeth,
2 × P0 conductors, one in each of the slots,
P0 field windings formed by connecting two of the conductors as a pair, and
A field winding control circuit that switches the number of poles by changing the energizing direction of the field winding is provided.
In the field winding control circuit, P0 / Pi of adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the conductors are controlled so that the energization directions of the adjacent conductor groups are different from each other to control the number of pole pairs. It is characterized by being Pi.

The winding field type synchronous motor according to the second invention that solves the above problems is
In the winding field type synchronous motor according to the first invention,
The conductor is a group of conductors composed of a plurality of conductors, and the plurality of conductors are characterized in that the energization directions are all the same in each of the slots.

The winding field type synchronous motor according to the third invention that solves the above problems is
In the winding field type synchronous motor according to the second invention,
The length of the iron core umbrella portion of the rotor core at the position where the conductor group subjected to the centrifugal force moves is longer than the length of the iron core umbrella portion at the position where the conductor group subjected to the centrifugal force does not move. It is characterized by having done it.

The winding field type synchronous motor according to the fourth invention that solves the above problems is
The number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0> P1 >>...> Pn, and the winding field can be switched to a plurality of pole logarithms Pi. It is a magnetic synchronous motor,
A rotor core with 2 x P0 slots and teeth,
2 × P0 field windings wound around each of the teeth,
A field winding control circuit that switches the number of poles by changing the energizing direction of the field winding is provided.
In the field winding control circuit, P0 / Pi of the adjacent field windings are regarded as one field winding group, and the field magnetic flux generated in the teeth between the adjacent field winding groups. It is characterized in that the energization direction of the field winding is controlled so that the magnetization directions are different from each other, and the number of pole pairs is set to Pi.

According to the present invention, the winding field type synchronization enables the number of poles to be switched without thickening the wire on the stator side, using a special magnet, or requiring advanced design and control. An electric motor can be provided.

As one of the embodiments of the winding field type synchronous motor according to the present invention, it is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 in the rotor having m salient poles. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm Pi in the rotor having m salient poles shown in FIG. 1A. As one of the examples of the winding field type synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram illustrating a coil pattern in a rotor having six salient poles and an energization direction of a conductor at each pole logarithm. Is. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 = 3 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 1 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P0 = 3 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 1 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the field winding control circuit applied to the rotor of the coil pattern 1 and 2 shown in FIG. As one of the examples of the winding field type synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram illustrating a coil pattern in a rotor having eight salient poles and an energization direction of a conductor at each pole logarithm. Is. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P0 = 4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 1 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P0 = 4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 1 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the field winding control circuit applied to the rotor of the coil pattern 1 and 2 shown in FIG. As one of the examples of the winding field type synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram illustrating a coil pattern in a rotor having eight salient poles and an energization direction of a conductor at each pole logarithm. Is. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 = 4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 = 4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. As one of the examples of the winding field type synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram illustrating a coil pattern in a rotor having eight salient poles and an energization direction of a conductor at each pole logarithm. Is. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 = 4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 = 4 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. As one of the examples of the winding field type synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram illustrating a coil pattern in a rotor having 12 salient poles and an energization direction of a conductor at each logarithm of poles. Is. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 = 6 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P1 = 3 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P2 = 2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P0 = 6 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 3 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P2 = 2 in the rotor of the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the field winding control circuit applied to the rotor of the coil pattern 1 and 2 shown in FIG. As one of the examples of the winding field type synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an explanatory diagram illustrating a coil pattern in a rotor having 12 salient poles and an energization direction of a conductor at each logarithm of poles. Is. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 = 6 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P1 = 3 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P2 = 2 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P3 = 1 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the field winding control circuit applied to the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. As an example of the embodiment of the winding field type synchronous motor according to the present invention, it is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm P0 in the rotor having m salient poles. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction at the time of the pole logarithm Pi in the rotor having m salient poles shown in FIG. 23A. As one of the examples of the winding field type synchronous motor shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, an explanatory diagram illustrating a coil pattern in a rotor having 12 salient poles and an energization direction of a conductor at each pole logarithm. Is. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P0 = 6 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P1 = 3 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P2 = 2 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24. It is explanatory drawing explaining the energization direction and the magnetization direction when the pole logarithm P3 = 1 in the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the field winding control circuit applied to the rotor of the coil pattern shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the rotor shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B as one of the embodiments of the winding field type synchronous motor which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the field winding field synchronous motor (PC-WFSM) according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 27.

The PC-WFSM according to the present invention has a pole number switching function, and is a stator having an armature winding that can switch the number of poles and an armature that controls the armature winding so that the number of poles can be switched. An armature control circuit, a rotor having a field winding that can switch the number of poles, and a field winding that controls the number of poles by changing the energizing direction of some of the field windings. It is equipped with a control circuit.

In the case of the present invention, the stator, the armature winding, and the armature winding control circuit may have the same configuration as the conventional configuration (for example, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 1, etc.). The description thereof will be omitted. On the other hand, the rotor, the field winding, and the field winding control circuit have the configurations described in the first to third embodiments (Examples 1 to 8) as described below. There is.

<First Embodiment>
The configuration of the first embodiment, which is a generalization of Examples 1 to 6 described later, will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. Here, the number of switchable pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, and P0> P1 >>...> Pn. Further, m = 2 × P0.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the PC-WFSM of the present embodiment has a salient pole type rotor core 11 in which the rotor 10 has m salient poles, and the rotor core 11 protrudes. It has m teeth T1 to Tm provided and m slots S1 to Sm recessed. Then, one conductor W1 to Wm is arranged in each slot S1 to Sm. Note that FIGS. 1A and 1B are development views in which the rotor 10 is developed in the circumferential direction.

Although the coils serving as field windings are not shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, these coils are configured by connecting two conductors W1 to Wm as a pair, and here, P0 coils will be configured. Specific connections of the conductors W1 to Wm constituting the coil Ck (k = 1, 2, ..., P0) will be described in Examples 1 to 6 described later.

In the rotor 10, the conductors W1 to Wm are each + conductor (hereinafter, the conductor through which the current flows toward the front side of the paper surface is referred to as + conductor by the field winding control circuit (not shown), and double circles in the drawing. (Represented by) or-Conductor (hereinafter, the conductor through which the current flows toward the back of the paper is referred to as the-conductor, and is represented by a cross in the circle in the figure), and each coil has a different energization direction, + conductor and-conductor. The current-carrying directions are controlled so as to form a pair (pair of different-direction conductors), and the number of poles can be switched by assigning + conductors and-conductors to conductors W1 to Wm as described below. It is carried out.

Specifically, the conductors W1 to Wm have j (= P0 / Pi) adjacent conductors as one conductor group by the field winding control circuit, and the adjacent conductor groups alternately + conductors,-. It is controlled to be a conductor. With this control, it is possible to switch to a desired pole logarithm Pi.

This will be described with reference to FIG. 1A for the rotor 10 when the number of pole pairs is P0 (P0 mode). The P0 mode is a mode for maximizing the number of pole pairs, and in the rotor 10 having m salient poles, P0 = m / 2. In this case, the conductors W1 to Wm are controlled so that j = P0 / P0 = 1 conductor is formed as one conductor group, so that adjacent conductors are alternately formed as + conductors and-conductors. To. For example, from the left in the figure, the conductors W1 to Wn alternately become + conductors and − conductors. When controlled in this way, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) of the teeth T1 to Tm are alternately outward and inward between adjacent teeth. As a result, in the P0 mode, the number of pole pairs of the rotor 10 is P0 = m / 2.

Further, the rotor 10 when the number of pole pairs is Pi (Pi mode) will be described with reference to FIG. 1B. The Pi here is other than P0. The Pi mode is a mode in which the number of pole pairs is set to Pi. In this case, the conductors W1 to Wm are controlled so that j (= P0 / Pi) of adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups alternately become + conductors and − conductors. For example, from the left in the figure, the conductors W1 to Wj that form one conductor group become + conductors, and the conductors Wj + 1 to W2j that form one conductor group become − conductors. When controlled in this way, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) in the teeth T1 to Tm are alternately outward and inward in the teeth between the conductor groups. As a result, in the Pi mode, the number of pole pairs of the rotor 10 becomes Pi.

In the PC-WFSM of the present embodiment, the pole logarithm Pi is switched as described above. In the case of the present embodiment, the switchable logarithm Pi is a divisor of P0, and P0> P1 >> ...> Pn, so it is called "P0: P1: ...: Pn PC-WFSM". For example, in Example 1 (FIGS. 2 to 5) described later, since m = 6 and P0 = m / 2, P0 = 3 and P1 = 1 and are referred to as “3: 1 PC-WFSM”. It will be.

Next, specific examples of the PC-WFSM of the present embodiment will be described by exemplifying the following Examples 1 to 6. In the following Examples 1 to 6, a rotor having m = 6, 8 and 12 salient poles is illustrated, but this embodiment has four or more even salient poles. Applicable to rotors.

[Example 1]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 4B, the rotors 10A and 10B have a rotor core 11A having six salient poles, and the rotor core 11A is provided. It has six teeth T1 to T6 and six recessed slots S1 to S6. As described above, the rotor 10A and the rotor 10B have the same shape of the rotor core 11A. On the other hand, the rotor 10A and the rotor 10B have different coil patterns, and the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C3 serving as field windings are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 3A and 3B show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 2, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6. , The coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4. It is composed of.

Further, FIGS. 4A and 4B show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 2, wherein the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C2. Is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6. Has been done.

The coil C1 to C3 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B and the coils C1 to C3 shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B are both controlled in the energization direction by the field winding control circuit 30A shown in FIG. Will be done. The field winding control circuit 30A includes a DC power supply P that serves as a power source for the coils C1 to C3, a capacitor C connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW8 that control the energization direction of the coils C1 to C3. And have.

Here, the switch SW1 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C1, and the switch SW2 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C1. Switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, the switch SW4 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2, and the switch SW5 switches the DC power supply P. Switching between the negative side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, the switch SW6 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2, and the switch SW7 is the positive side of the DC power supply P and the coil. The switch SW8 is configured to switch between one end of the C3 and the other end of the coil C3 on the negative side of the DC power supply P.

That is, the field winding control circuit 30A does not change the current direction of the coils C1 and C3 and does not change the energizing direction of the conductors W1, W3, W4 and W6 by controlling the switches SW1, SW2, SW7 and SW8. By controlling the switches SW3 to SW6, the current direction of the coil C2 is changed, and thereby the energizing directions of the conductors W2 and W5 are changed.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C3 as shown in FIG. 2 by using such a field winding control circuit 30A, the rotors 10A and 10B can be set to the pole logarithm P0 = 3, or the pole logarithm. It is possible to set P1 = 1.

Specifically, with respect to the rotors 10A and 10B, in the P0 mode (P0 = 3), the switches SW1 to so that the conductors W1 to W6 become + conductors and-conductors alternately between adjacent conductors. The SW8 is turned on or off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C3.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 4A, the conductor W1 is a + conductor, the conductor W2 is a-conductor, the conductor W3 is a + conductor, the conductor W4 is a-conductor, the conductor W5 is a + conductor, and the conductor W6 is a-conductor. It becomes. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward with the teeth T1, outward with the teeth T2, inward with the teeth T3, outward with the teeth T4, inward with the teeth T5, and outward with the teeth T6. Then, the rotors are alternately inward and outward, and operate as rotors 10A and 10B having a pole pair number P0 = 3.

Then, with respect to the rotors 10A and 10B, in the P1 mode (P1 = 1), j = P0 / P1 = 3, so that the three adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups are used as one conductor group. The switches SW1 to SW8 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW8 are alternately turned on and off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C3.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 4B, the conductors W1 to W6 become one conductor group having three adjacent conductors W1 to W3 as + conductors, and the three adjacent conductors W4 to W6. Is one conductor group with-conductor. As a result, the magnetization direction (white arrow in the figure) is inward at the teeth T1 between the conductor groups and outward at the teeth T4 between the conductor groups. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, the rotors are alternately inward and outward, and operate as rotors 10A and 10B having a pole logarithm P1 = 1.

As described above, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m = 6, P0 = 3, P1 = 1, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 3 and 1, so that “3: 1 PC-WFSM” Called.

Figure 2 summarizes the above. Although conductors W1 to W6 are arranged in the slots S1 to S6, the description of the conductors W1 to W6 is omitted in FIG. Further, the energizing direction of these conductors is represented by +-, which is a sign of + conductor and-conductor.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the number of pole pairs P0 = 3, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W6 of the slots S1 to S6 are "+-" in the order of slot S1 (conductor W1) → slot S6 (conductor W6). +-+-". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1 = 1, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W6 of the slots S1 to S6 are "++++ ---" in the above order.

The pattern of the change in the current-carrying direction from the number of pole pairs P0 = 3 to P1 = 1 in the conductors W1 to W6 of the slots S1 to S6 is "+ → +" for the conductors W1 and W3 in the slots S1 and S3. Pattern 1a), conductors W4 and W6 of slots S4 and S6 are "-→-" (pattern 1b), conductor W2 of slot S2 is "-→ +" (pattern 2a), and conductor W5 of slot S5 is. “+ → −” (Pattern 2b). Here, regarding the pattern of the change in the energization direction due to the switching of the number of poles, the ones that do not change are given the same number, the ones that change with the same pattern are given the same number, and the patterns within the same number are given a. , A pattern in which +-is reversed from a certain pattern is indicated by adding b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the change in the energization direction shown in FIG. 2, one coil is operated by combining conductors having a pattern in which + and − are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 is a combination of the conductor W1 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 which is the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 is a combination of the conductor W2 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W5 which is the pattern 2b. C3 operates by combining the conductor W3 which becomes the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 which becomes the pattern 1b.

Further, in the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 is a combination of the conductor W1 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 which is the pattern 1b, the coil C2 is a combination of the conductor W2 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W5 which is the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 is a pattern. The conductor W3 serving as 1a and the conductor W6 serving as pattern 1b are combined and operated.

As described above, in the rotors 10A and 10B, the number of poles can be switched to 3 pole pairs and 1 pole pair by switching the energizing direction of a predetermined coil (conductor). Further, a variable magnetic flux motor can be obtained by changing the DC voltage (stepping up or down) by switching or the like to change the current flowing through the coil (conductor).

In addition, it has the following features as compared with PMSM that can switch the number of poles.
-Since the magnetization current for magnetizing and demagnetizing is not required, it is not necessary to thicken the armature winding, and the stator does not become large.
-Since the number of poles can be switched only by switching the energization direction of the field winding, the design is easy and advanced control is not required.
-Since no special magnet is used, it can be manufactured at low cost.

[Example 2]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9. As shown in FIGS. 7A to 8B, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has a rotor core 11B in which the rotors 10C and 10D have eight salient poles, and the rotor core 11B is provided. It has eight teeth T1 to T8 and eight recessed slots S1 to S8. As described above, the rotor 10C and the rotor 10D have the same shape of the rotor core 11B. On the other hand, the rotor 10C and the rotor 10D have different coil patterns, and the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4 serving as field windings are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 7A and 7B show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 6, in which the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6. , The coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

8A and 8B show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 6, wherein the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8, and the coil C2. Is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5.

The coil C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B and the coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B are both controlled in the energization direction by the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. Will be done. The field winding control circuit 30B includes a DC power supply P that serves as a power source for the coils C1 to C4, a capacitor C connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW6 that control the energization direction of the coils C1 to C4. And have.

Here, the switch SW1 switches between the positive end side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coils C1 and C3 connected in series, and the switch SW2 is the other coils C1 and C3 connected in series with the negative side of the DC power supply P. Switching between the ends, the switch SW3 switches between the coils C2 and C4 connected in series with the positive side of the DC power supply P, and the switch SW4 switches between the coils connected in series with the positive side of the DC power supply P. Switching between the other ends of C2 and C4, the switch SW5 switches between the negative end side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coils C2 and C4 connected in series, and the switch SW6 is the negative side of the DC power supply P. It is configured to switch between the coil C2 and the other end of the coil C4 connected in series with the coil C2.

That is, the field winding control circuit 30B does not change the current directions of the coils C1 and C3 and does not change the energizing directions of the conductors W1, W3, W6, and W8 by controlling the switches SW1 and SW2, but the switches SW3 to The control of SW6 changes the current directions of the coils C2 and C4, thereby changing the energizing directions of the conductors W2, W4, W5 and W7.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C4 as shown in FIG. 6 by using such a field winding control circuit 30B, the rotors 10C and 10D can be set to the pole logarithm P0 = 4, or the pole pair number can be set. It is possible to set P1 = 1.

Specifically, with respect to the rotors 10C and 10D, in the P0 mode (P0 = 4), the switches SW1 to so that the conductors W1 to W8 become + conductors and-conductors alternately between adjacent conductors. SW6 is turned on or off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 8A, the conductor W1 is a + conductor, the conductor W2 is a-conductor, the conductor W3 is a + conductor, the conductor W4 is a-conductor, the conductor W5 is a + conductor, and the conductor W6 is a-conductor. , Conductor W7 is a + conductor, and conductor W8 is a-conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at the teeth T1, outward at the teeth T2, inward at the teeth T3, outward at the teeth T4, inward at the teeth T5, and outward at the teeth T6. , Teeth T7 is inward, Teeth T8 is outward, and alternately inward and outward, and operates as rotors 10C and 10D having a pole pair number P0 = 4.

Then, for the rotors 10C and 10D, in the P1 mode (P1 = 1), j = P0 / P1 = 4, so that the four adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups are used as one conductor group. The switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW6 are alternately turned on and off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 8B, the conductors W1 to W8 become one conductor group having four adjacent conductors W1 to W4 as + conductors, and the four adjacent conductors W5 to W8 become one conductor group. Is one conductor group with-conductor. As a result, the magnetization direction (white arrow in the figure) is inward at the teeth T1 between the conductor groups and outward at the teeth T5 between the conductor groups. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, the rotors are alternately inward and outward, and operate as rotors 10C and 10D having a pole logarithm P1 = 1.

As described above, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m = 8, P0 = 4, P1 = 1, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 4 and 1, so that “4: 1 PC-WFSM”. Called.

FIG. 6 summarizes the above. Although conductors W1 to W8 are arranged in slots S1 to S8, the description of conductors W1 to W8 is omitted in FIG. Further, the energizing direction of these conductors is represented by +-, which is a sign of + conductor and-conductor.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the number of pole pairs P0 = 4, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "+-" in the order of slot S1 (conductor W1) → slot S8 (conductor W8). +-+-+-". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1 = 1, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "++++ ---" in the above order.

The pattern of the change in the current-carrying direction from the number of pole pairs P0 = 4 to P1 = 1 in the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 is that the conductors W1 and W3 of the slots S1 and S3 are "+ → +" ( Pattern 1a), conductors W6 and W8 of slots S6 and S8 are "-→-" (pattern 1b), conductors W2 and W4 of slots S2 and S4 are "-→ +" (pattern 2a), and slot S5. , S7 conductors W5 and W7 are “+ → −” (pattern 2b). Again, regarding the pattern of change in the energization direction due to the number of poles switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change with the same pattern, and a is assigned to a certain pattern within the same number. , A pattern in which +-is reversed from a certain pattern is indicated by adding b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the change in the energization direction shown in FIG. 6, one coil is operated by combining conductors having a pattern in which + and − are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 as the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 as the pattern 2a and the conductor W5 as the pattern 2b. The C3 is operated by combining the conductor W3 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W8 which is the pattern 1b, and the coil C4 is operated by combining the conductor W4 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W7 which is the pattern 2b.

Further, in the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 is a combination of the conductor W1 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W8 which is the pattern 1b, the coil C2 is a combination of the conductor W2 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W7 which is the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 is a pattern. The conductor W3 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 as the pattern 1b are combined, and the coil C4 is operated by combining the conductor W4 as the pattern 2a and the conductor W5 as the pattern 2b.

As described above, in the rotors 10C and 10D, the number of poles can be switched to 4 pole pairs and 1 pole pair by switching the energizing direction of a predetermined coil (conductor). Further, as described in the first embodiment, the variable magnetic flux motor may be used. In addition, it will have the features described in Example 1 as compared with PMSM.

[Example 3]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12B. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11A to 12B, the rotors 10E and 10F have the rotor core 11B described above, and the coil patterns are different between the rotor 10E and the rotor 10F. The arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4, which are field windings, are different. Further, the rotors 10C and 10D shown in the second embodiment also have different arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4 which are field windings.

Specifically, FIGS. 11A and 11B show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 10, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2. , The coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8.

Further, FIGS. 12A and 12B show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 10, wherein the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6, and the coil C2. Is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

The coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B and the coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B are both energized by the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. Be controlled. Since the field winding control circuit 30B is as described in the second embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted here. However, in this embodiment, the connections of the conductors W1 to W8 constituting the coils C1 to C4 are different from those of the second embodiment. Therefore, by controlling the switches SW1 to SW6, the conducting directions of the conductors W1, W2, W5, and W6 are changed. Although not changed, the energizing directions of the conductors W3, W4, W7, and W8 will be changed.

Then, by using the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. 9 to control the energization directions of the coils C1 to C4 as shown in FIG. 10, the rotors 10E and 10F are set to the pole logarithm P0 = 4. Or, the pole logarithm P1 = 2 can be set.

Specifically, for the rotors 10E and 10F, in the P0 mode (P0 = 4), the switches SW1 to so that the conductors W1 to W8 become + conductors and-conductors alternately between adjacent conductors. SW6 is turned on or off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 12A, the conductor W1 is a + conductor, the conductor W2 is a-conductor, the conductor W3 is a + conductor, the conductor W4 is a-conductor, the conductor W5 is a + conductor, and the conductor W6 is a-conductor. , Conductor W7 is a + conductor, and conductor W8 is a-conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at the teeth T1, outward at the teeth T2, inward at the teeth T3, outward at the teeth T4, inward at the teeth T5, and outward at the teeth T6. , Teeth T7 is inward, Teeth T8 is outward, and alternately inward and outward, and operates as rotors 10E and 10F having a pole pair number P0 = 4.

Then, with respect to the rotors 10E and 10F, in the P1 mode (P1 = 2), j = P0 / P1 = 2, so that two adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups are used as one conductor group. The switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW6 are alternately turned on and off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 11B and 12B, the conductors W1 to W8 become one conductor group having two adjacent conductors W8 and W1 as + conductors, and the two adjacent conductors W2 and W3 Is a conductor group with −conductors, and 2 adjacent conductors W4 and W5 are 1 conductor groups with + conductors, and 2 adjacent conductors W6 and W7 are 1 conductor groups with −conductors. Become. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward with the teeth T2 between the conductor groups, inward with the teeth T4 between the conductor groups, outward with the teeth T6 between the conductor groups, and the teeth between the conductor groups. It turns inward at T8. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, the rotors are alternately outward and inward, and operate as rotors 10E and 10F having a pole logarithm P1 = 2.

As described above, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m = 8, P0 = 4, P1 = 2, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 4 and 2, so that “4: 2 PC-WFSM” Called.

FIG. 10 summarizes the above. Although conductors W1 to W8 are arranged in slots S1 to S8, the description of conductors W1 to W8 is omitted in FIG. Further, the energizing direction of these conductors is represented by +-, which is a sign of + conductor and-conductor.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the number of pole pairs P0 = 4, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "+-" in the order of slot S1 (conductor W1) → slot S8 (conductor W8). +-+-+-". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1 = 2, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are “+ −− ++ −− +” in the above order.

The pattern of the change in the energizing direction from the number of pole pairs P0 = 4 to P1 = 2 in the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 is that the conductors W1 and W5 of the slots S1 and S5 are "+ → +" ( Pattern 1a), conductors W2 and W6 of slots S2 and S6 are "-→-" (pattern 1b), and conductors W3 and W7 of slots S3 and S7 are "+ →-" (pattern 2a). The conductors W4 and W8 of the slots S4 and S8 are “− → +” (pattern 2b). Again, regarding the pattern of change in the energization direction due to the number of poles switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change with the same pattern, and a is assigned to a certain pattern within the same number. , A pattern in which +-is reversed from a certain pattern is indicated by adding b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the change in the energization direction shown in FIG. 10, one coil is operated by combining conductors having a pattern in which + and − are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 is a combination of the conductor W1 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W2 which is the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 is a combination of the conductor W3 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W4 which is the pattern 2b. C3 is operated by combining the conductor W5 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 which is the pattern 1b, and the coil C4 is operating by combining the conductor W7 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W8 which is the pattern 2b.

Further, in the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 is a combination of the conductor W1 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W6 which is the pattern 1b, the coil C2 is a combination of the conductor W3 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W8 which is the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 is a pattern. The conductor W5 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W2 as the pattern 1b are combined, and the coil C4 is operated by combining the conductor W7 as the pattern 2a and the conductor W4 as the pattern 2b.

As described above, in the rotors 10E and 10F, the number of poles can be switched between the number of pole pairs and the number of pole pairs by switching the energization direction of a predetermined coil (conductor). Further, as described in the first embodiment, the variable magnetic flux motor may be used. In addition, it will have the features described in Example 1 as compared with PMSM.

[Example 4]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15B. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 14A to 15B, the rotors 10G and 10H have the rotor core 11B described above, and the coil patterns are different between the rotor 10G and the rotor 10H. The arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C4, which are field windings, are different. Further, the positions of the coils C1 to C4 to be the field windings are different from those of the rotors 10C and 10D shown in the second embodiment and the rotors 10E and 10F shown in the third embodiment.

Specifically, FIGS. 14A and 14B show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 13, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8. , The coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6.

Further, FIGS. 15A and 15B show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 13, wherein the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C2. Is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

The coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B and the coils C1 to C4 shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B are both energized by the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. Be controlled. Since the field winding control circuit 30B is as described in the second embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted here as well. However, in this embodiment, the connections of the conductors W1 to W8 constituting the coils C1 to C4 are different from those of the second embodiment. Therefore, by controlling the switches SW1 to SW6, the energizing directions of the conductors W1, W4, W5 and W8 are changed. Although not changed, the energizing directions of the conductors W2, W3, W6, and W7 will be changed.

Then, by using the field winding control circuit 30B shown in FIG. 9 to control the energization directions of the coils C1 to C4 as shown in FIG. 13, the rotors 10G and 10H are set to the pole logarithm P0 = 4. Or, the pole logarithm P1 = 2 can be set.

Specifically, for the rotors 10G and 10H, in the P0 mode (P0 = 4), the switches SW1 to so that the conductors W1 to W8 become + conductors and-conductors alternately between adjacent conductors. SW6 is turned on or off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 14A and 15A, the conductor W1 is a + conductor, the conductor W2 is a-conductor, the conductor W3 is a + conductor, the conductor W4 is a-conductor, the conductor W5 is a + conductor, and the conductor W6 is a-conductor. , Conductor W7 is a + conductor, and conductor W8 is a-conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at the teeth T1, outward at the teeth T2, inward at the teeth T3, outward at the teeth T4, inward at the teeth T5, and outward at the teeth T6. , Teeth T7 is inward, Teeth T8 is outward, and alternately inward and outward, and operates as rotors 10G and 10H with a pole pair number P0 = 4.

Then, for the rotors 10G and 10H, in the P1 mode (P1 = 2), j = P0 / P1 = 2, so that two adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups are used as one conductor group. The switches SW1 to SW6 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW6 are alternately turned on and off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C4.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 14B and 15B, the conductors W1 to W8 become one conductor group in which two adjacent conductors W1 and W2 are + conductors, and the two adjacent conductors W3 and W4 are formed. Is a conductor group with −conductors, and 2 adjacent conductors W5 and W6 are 1 conductor groups with + conductors, and 2 adjacent conductors W7 and W8 are 1 conductor groups with −conductors. Become. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward with the teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward with the teeth T3 between the conductor groups, inward with the teeth T5 between the conductor groups, and the teeth between the conductor groups. It turns outward at T7. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, the rotors are alternately inward and outward, and operate as rotors 10G and 10H having a pole logarithm P1 = 2.

As described above, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m = 8, P0 = 4, P1 = 2, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 4 and 2, so that “4: 2 PC-WFSM” Called.

FIG. 13 summarizes the above. Although conductors W1 to W8 are arranged in slots S1 to S8, the description of conductors W1 to W8 is omitted in FIG. Further, the energizing direction of these conductors is represented by +-, which is a sign of + conductor and-conductor.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the number of pole pairs P0 = 4, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "+-" in the order of slot S1 (conductor W1) → slot S8 (conductor W8). +-+-+-". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1 = 2, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 are "++-++-" in the above order.

The pattern of the change in the energizing direction from the number of pole pairs P0 = 4 to P1 = 2 in the conductors W1 to W8 of the slots S1 to S8 is that the conductors W1 and W5 of the slots S1 and S5 are "+ → +" ( Pattern 1a), conductors W4 and W8 of slots S4 and S8 are "-→-" (pattern 1b), and conductors W2 and W6 of slots S2 and S6 are "-→ +" (pattern 2a). The conductors W3 and W7 of the slots S3 and S7 are "+ →-" (pattern 2b). Again, regarding the pattern of change in the energization direction due to the number of poles switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change with the same pattern, and a is assigned to a certain pattern within the same number. , A pattern in which +-is reversed from a certain pattern is indicated by adding b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the change in the energization direction shown in FIG. 13, one coil is operated by combining conductors having a pattern in which + and − are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W8 as the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 combines the conductor W2 as the pattern 2a and the conductor W7 as the pattern 2b. C3 is operated by combining the conductor W5 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 which is the pattern 1b, and the coil C4 is operating by combining the conductor W6 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W3 which is the pattern 2b.

Further, in the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 is a combination of the conductor W1 which is the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 which is the pattern 1b, the coil C2 is a combination of the conductor W2 which is the pattern 2a and the conductor W3 which is the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 is a pattern. The conductor W5 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W8 as the pattern 1b are combined, and the coil C4 is operated by combining the conductor W6 as the pattern 2a and the conductor W7 as the pattern 2b.

As described above, in the rotors 10G and 10H, the number of poles can be switched between the number of pole pairs and the number of pole pairs by switching the energization direction of a predetermined coil (conductor). Further, as described in the first embodiment, the variable magnetic flux motor may be used. In addition, it will have the features described in Example 1 as compared with PMSM.

[Example 5]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 to 19. As shown in FIGS. 17A to 18C, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has a rotor core 11C in which the rotors 10I and 10J have 12 salient poles, and the rotor core 11C is provided. It has 12 teeth T1 to T12 and 12 recessed slots S1 to S12. As described above, the rotor 10I and the rotor 10J have the same shape of the rotor core 11C. On the other hand, the rotor 10I and the rotor 10J have different coil patterns, and the arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C6 serving as field windings are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 17A to 17C show the coil pattern 1 shown in FIG. 16, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W12 arranged in the slot S12. , Coil C2 is configured by connecting conductor W4 arranged in slot S4 and conductor W9 arranged in slot S9, and coil C3 connects conductor W2 arranged in slot S2 and conductor W11 arranged in slot S11. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W10 arranged in the slot S10, and the coil C5 is arranged in the conductor W5 and the slot S8 arranged in the slot S5. It is configured by connecting the conductor W8, and the coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

18A to 18C show the coil pattern 2 shown in FIG. 16, wherein the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C2. Is configured by connecting the conductor W9 arranged in the slot S9 and the conductor W12 arranged in the slot S12, and the coil C3 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W11 arranged in the slot S11. The coil C4 is formed by connecting the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6, and the coil C5 connects the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7 and the conductor W10 arranged in the slot S10. It is configured by connecting, and the coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S8.

The coil C1 to C6 shown in FIGS. 17A to 17C and the coils C1 to C6 shown in FIGS. 18A to 18C are both controlled in the energization direction by the field winding control circuit 30C shown in FIG. Will be done. The field winding control circuit 30C includes a DC power supply P that serves as a power source for the coils C1 to C6, a capacitor C connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW20 that control the energization direction of the coils C1 to C6. And have.

Here, the switch SW1 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C1, and the switch SW2 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C1. Is configured to switch between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, and the switch SW4 is configured to switch between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2. Further, the switch SW5 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C3, the switch SW6 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C3, and the switch SW7 The switch SW8 is configured to switch between the negative side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C3, and the switch SW8 switches between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C3.

Although the coils C4 and C5 and the switches SW9 to SW16 are not shown in FIG. 19, the switches SW9 to SW12 for the coil C4 and the switches SW13 to SW16 for the coil C5 are switches SW5 to SW8 for the coil C3, respectively. It is configured in the same way as. Further, the switches SW17 to SW20 for the coil C6 are also configured in the same manner as the switches SW5 to SW8 for the coil C3, as shown in FIG.

That is, the field winding control circuit 30C does not change the current directions of the coils C1 and C2 and does not change the energizing directions of the conductors W1, W4, W9, and W12 by controlling the switches SW1 to SW4, but the switches SW5 to 5 By controlling the SW20, the current directions of the coils C3 to C6 are changed, and thereby the conducting directions of the conductors W2, W3, W5, W6, W7, W8, W10, and W11 are changed.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C6 as shown in FIG. 16 by using such a field winding control circuit 30C, the rotors 10I and 10J can be set to the pole logarithm P0 = 6 or the pole logarithm. P1 = 3 or the pole logarithm P2 = 2 can be set.

Specifically, with respect to the rotors 10I and 10J, in the P0 mode (P0 = 6), the switches SW1 to so that the conductors W1 to W12 become + conductors and-conductors alternately between adjacent conductors. The SW20 is turned on or off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 18A, the conductor W1 is a + conductor, the conductor W2 is a-conductor, the conductor W3 is a + conductor, the conductor W4 is a-conductor, the conductor W5 is a + conductor, and the conductor W6 is a-conductor. , Conductor W7 is a + conductor, conductor W8 is a-conductor, conductor W9 is a + conductor, conductor W10 is a-conductor, conductor W11 is a + conductor, and conductor W12 is a-conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at the teeth T1, outward at the teeth T2, inward at the teeth T3, outward at the teeth T4, inward at the teeth T5, and outward at the teeth T6. , Teeth T7 inward, Teeth T8 outward, Teeth T9 inward, Teeth T10 outward, Teeth T11 inward, Teeth T12 outward, alternating inward and outward, pole pair P0 It operates as rotors 10I and 10J of = 6.

Then, for the rotors 10I and 10J, in the P1 mode (P1 = 3), j = P0 / P1 = 2, so that two adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups are used as one conductor group. The switches SW1 to SW20 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW20 are alternately turned on and off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 17B and 18B, the conductors W1 to W12 become one conductor group in which two adjacent conductors W1 and W2 are + conductors, and the two adjacent conductors W3 and W4 are formed. Is one conductor group with −conductors, and one conductor group with two adjacent conductors W5 and W6 as + conductors, and one conductor group with two adjacent conductors W7 and W8 as −conductors. , One conductor group in which two adjacent conductors W9 and W10 are + conductors, and one conductor group in which two adjacent conductors W11 and W12 are − conductors. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward with the teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward with the teeth T3 between the conductor groups, inward with the teeth T5 between the conductor groups, and the teeth between the conductor groups. T7 is outward, teeth T9 between conductor groups are inward, and teeth T11 between conductor groups are outward. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, the rotors are alternately inward and outward, and operate as rotors 10I and 10J having a pole logarithm P1 = 3.

Then, with respect to the rotors 10I and 10J, in the P2 mode (P2 = 2), j = P0 / P2 = 3, so that the three adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups are used as one conductor group. The switches SW1 to SW20 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW20 are alternately turned on and off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 17C and 18C, the conductors W1 to W12 become one conductor group having three adjacent conductors W1 to W3 as + conductors, and the three adjacent conductors W4 to W6. Is one conductor group with −conductors, and one conductor group with three adjacent conductors W7 to W9 as + conductors, and one conductor group with three adjacent conductors W10 to W12 as −conductors. Become. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward with the teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward with the teeth T4 between the conductor groups, inward with the teeth T7 between the conductor groups, and the teeth between the conductor groups. It turns outward at T10. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, the rotors are alternately inward and outward, and operate as rotors 10I and 10J having a pole logarithm P2 = 2.

As described above, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m = 12, P0 = 6, P1 = 3, P2 = 2, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 6, 3, and 2. Therefore, "6". : 3: 2 PC-WFSM ".

FIG. 16 summarizes the above. Although the conductors W1 to W12 are arranged in the slots S1 to S12, the description of the conductors W1 to W12 is omitted in FIG. Further, the energizing direction of these conductors is represented by +-, which is a sign of + conductor and-conductor.

As shown in FIG. 16, when the number of pole pairs P0 = 6, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+-" in the order of slot S1 (conductor W1) → slot S12 (conductor W12). +-+-+-+-+-". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1 = 3, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "++−− ++−− ++−−" in the above order. Further, when the number of pole pairs P2 = 2, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "++++ --- +++ ---" in the above order.

Then, as for the pattern of the change in the energizing direction from the number of pole pairs P0 = 6 → P1 = 3 → P2 = 2 in each conductor W1 to W12 of each slot S1 to S12, the conductors W1 and W9 of slots S1 and S9 are “+ → +”. → + ”(Pattern 1a), conductors W4 and W12 of slots S4 and S12 are“ − → − → − ”(pattern 1b), and conductor W2 of slot S2 is“ − → + → + ”(. In pattern 2a), the conductor W11 in slot S11 is "+ →-→-" (pattern 2b), and the conductors W3 and W7 in slots S3 and S7 are "+ →-→ +" (pattern 3a). Yes, the conductors W6 and W10 of slots S6 and S10 are "-→ + →-" (pattern 3b), the conductor W5 of slot S5 is "+ → + →-" (pattern 4a), and slot S8. The conductor W8 of is “− → − → +” (pattern 4b). Again, regarding the pattern of change in the energization direction due to the number of poles switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change with the same pattern, and a is assigned to a certain pattern within the same number. , A pattern in which +-is reversed from a certain pattern is indicated by adding b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the change in the energization direction shown in FIG. 16, one coil is operated by combining conductors having a pattern in which + and − are opposite to each other. Specifically, in the coil pattern 1, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W12 as the pattern 1b, and the coil C2 combines the conductor W9 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 as the pattern 1b. C3 is a combination of a conductor W2 to be a pattern 2a and a conductor W11 to be a pattern 2b, a coil C4 is a combination of a conductor W3 to be a pattern 3a and a conductor W10 to be a pattern 3b, and a coil C5 is a conductor W5 and a pattern 4b to be a pattern 4a. The conductor W8 is combined, and the coil C6 is operated by combining the conductor W7 that becomes the pattern 3a and the conductor W6 that becomes the pattern 3b.

Further, in the coil pattern 2, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W4 as the pattern 1b, the coil C2 combines the conductor W9 as the pattern 1a and the conductor W12 as the pattern 1b, and the coil C3 is the pattern. The conductor W2 to be the pattern 2a and the conductor W11 to be the pattern 2b are combined, the conductor W3 to be the pattern 3a and the conductor W6 to be the pattern 3b are combined, and the coil C5 is the conductor W7 to be the pattern 3a and the conductor W10 to be the pattern 3b. The coil C6 is operated by combining the conductor W5 which becomes the pattern 4a and the conductor W8 which becomes the pattern 4b.

As described above, in the rotors 10I and 10J, the number of poles can be switched to 6, the number of pole pairs, and the number of pole pairs by switching the energization direction of a predetermined coil (conductor). Further, as described in the first embodiment, the variable magnetic flux motor may be used. In addition, it will have the features described in Example 1 as compared with PMSM.

[Example 6]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 22. In the PC-WFSM of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 21A to 21D, the rotor 10K has the rotor core 11C described above, and the rotors 10I and 10J shown in the fifth embodiment are field magnets. The arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C6 to be wound are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 21A to 21D show the coil pattern shown in FIG. 20, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S1 and the conductor W12 arranged in the slot S12. The coil C2 is configured by connecting the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S2 and the conductor W11 arranged in the slot S11, and the coil C3 connects the conductor W3 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W10 arranged in the slot S10. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W4 arranged in the slot S4 and the conductor W9 arranged in the slot S9, and the coil C5 is formed by connecting the conductor W5 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor arranged in the slot S8. It is configured by connecting W8, and the coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W6 arranged in the slot S6 and the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S7.

The current-carrying directions of the coils C1 to C6 shown in FIGS. 21A to 21D are controlled by the field winding control circuit 30D shown in FIG. 22. The field winding control circuit 30D includes a DC power supply P that serves as a power source for the coils C1 to C6, a capacitor C connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW22 that control the energization direction of the coils C1 to C6. And have.

Here, the switch SW1 is configured to switch between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C1, and the switch SW2 is configured to switch between the negative electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C1. Has been done. Further, the switch SW3 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, the switch SW4 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2, and the switch SW5 switches. , The negative side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2 are switched, and the switch SW6 is configured to switch between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2.

Although the coils C3 to C5 and the switches SW7 to SW18 are not shown in FIG. 22, the switches SW7 to SW10 for the coil C3, the switches SW11 to SW14 for the coil C4, and the switches SW15 to SW18 for the coil C5 are respectively. , It is configured in the same manner as the switches SW3 to SW6 for the coil C2. Further, as shown in FIG. 22, the switches SW19 to SW22 for the coil C6 are also configured in the same manner as the switches SW3 to SW6 for the coil C2.

That is, the field winding control circuit 30D does not change the current direction of the coil C1 by controlling the switches SW1 and SW2, and does not change the energizing direction of the conductors W1 and W12, but the coil is controlled by the switches SW3 to SW22. The current directions of C2 to C6 are changed, thereby changing the energizing directions of the conductors W2 to W11.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C6 as shown in FIG. 20 by using such a field winding control circuit 30D, the rotor 10K can be set to the pole logarithm P0 = 6, or the pole logarithm P1 =. It can be set to 3, the pole logarithm P2 = 2, or the pole logarithm P3 = 1.

Specifically, with respect to the rotor 10K, in the P0 mode (P0 = 6), the switches SW1 to SW22 are switched so that the conductors W1 to W12 become + conductors and − conductors alternately between adjacent conductors. It is turned on or off so that current flows through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 21A, the conductor W1 is a + conductor, the conductor W2 is a-conductor, the conductor W3 is a + conductor, the conductor W4 is a-conductor, the conductor W5 is a + conductor, the conductor W6 is a-conductor, and the conductor W7. Is a + conductor, conductor W8 is a-conductor, conductor W9 is a + conductor, conductor W10 is a-conductor, conductor W11 is a + conductor, and conductor W12 is a-conductor. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward at the teeth T1, outward at the teeth T2, inward at the teeth T3, outward at the teeth T4, inward at the teeth T5, and outward at the teeth T6. , Teeth T7 inward, Teeth T8 outward, Teeth T9 inward, Teeth T10 outward, Teeth T11 inward, Teeth T12 outward, alternating inward and outward, pole pair P0 It will operate as a rotor 10K with = 6.

Then, for the rotor 10K, in the P1 mode (P1 = 3), j = P0 / P1 = 2, so that two adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups alternate with each other. The switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the current is passed through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 21B, the conductors W1 to W12 become one conductor group in which two adjacent conductors W1 and W2 are + conductors, and two adjacent conductors W3 and W4 are -conductors. One conductor group with two adjacent conductors W5 and W6 as + conductors, and one conductor group with two adjacent conductors W7 and W8 as-conductors. It becomes one conductor group in which adjacent conductors W9 and W10 are + conductors, and becomes one conductor group in which two adjacent conductors W11 and W12 are-conductors. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward with the teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward with the teeth T3 between the conductor groups, inward with the teeth T5 between the conductor groups, and the teeth between the conductor groups. T7 is outward, teeth T9 between conductor groups are inward, and teeth T11 between conductor groups are outward. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, they are alternately inward and outward, and operate as a rotor 10K having a pole logarithm P1 = 3.

Then, for the rotor 10K, in the P2 mode (P2 = 2), j = P0 / P2 = 3, so that three adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups alternate with each other. The switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the current is passed through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 21C, the conductors W1 to W12 become one conductor group in which three adjacent conductors W1 to W3 are + conductors, and the three adjacent conductors W4 to W6 are -conductors. It becomes one conductor group with three adjacent conductors W7 to W9 as + conductors, and becomes one conductor group with three adjacent conductors W10 to W12 as − conductors. As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are inward with the teeth T1 between the conductor groups, outward with the teeth T4 between the conductor groups, inward with the teeth T7 between the conductor groups, and the teeth between the conductor groups. It turns outward at T10. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, they are alternately inward and outward, and operate as a rotor 10K having a pole logarithm P2 = 2.

Then, for the rotor 10K, in the P3 mode (P3 = 1), j = P0 / P3 = 6, so that six adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the adjacent conductor groups alternate with each other. The switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the switches SW1 to SW22 are turned on or off so that the current is passed through the coils C1 to C6.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 21D, the conductors W1 to W12 become one conductor group in which six adjacent conductors W1 to W6 are + conductors, and six adjacent conductors W7 to W12 are -conductors. It becomes one conductor group. As a result, the magnetization direction (white arrow in the figure) is inward at the teeth T1 between the conductor groups and outward at the teeth T7 between the conductor groups. That is, in the teeth between the conductor groups, they are alternately inward and outward, and operate as a rotor 10K having a pole logarithm P3 = 1.

As described above, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m = 12, P0 = 6, P1 = 3, P2 = 2, P3 = 1, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 6, 3, 2, and 1. Therefore, it is called "6: 3: 2: 1 PC-WFSM".

FIG. 20 summarizes the above. Although the conductors W1 to W12 are arranged in the slots S1 to S12, the description of the conductors W1 to W12 is omitted in FIG. 20. Further, the energizing direction of these conductors is represented by +-, which is a sign of + conductor and-conductor.

As shown in FIG. 20, when the number of pole pairs P0 = 6, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+-" in the order of slot S1 (conductor W1) → slot S12 (conductor W12). +-+-+-+-+-". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1 = 3, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "++−− ++−− ++−−" in the above order. Further, when the number of pole pairs P2 = 2, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "++++ --- +++ ---" in the above order. Further, when the number of pole pairs P3 = 1, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12 are "++++++++-" in the above order.

Then, in the pattern of the change in the energizing direction from the number of pole pairs P0 = 6 → P1 = 3 → P2 = 2 → P3 = 1 in the conductors W1 to W12 of the slots S1 to S12, the conductor W1 in the slot S1 is “+ → +”. → + → + ”(pattern 1a), the conductor W12 in slot S12 is“ − → − → − → − ”(pattern 1b), and the conductor W2 in slot S2 is“ − → + → + → + ”. Yes (pattern 2a), the conductor W11 in slot S11 is "+ →-→-→-" (pattern 2b), and the conductor W3 in slot S3 is "+ →-→ + → +" (pattern 3a). ), The conductor W10 of the slot S10 is “− → + → − → −” (pattern 3b), and the conductor W4 of the slot S4 is “− → − → − → +” (pattern 4a). The conductor W9 in slot S9 is "+ → + → + →-" (pattern 4b), the conductor W5 in slot S5 is "+ → + →-→ +" (pattern 5a), and the conductor in slot S8. W8 is "-→-→ + →-" (pattern 5b), the conductor W6 in slot S6 is "-→ + →-→ +" (pattern 6a), and the conductor W7 in slot S7 is "+". → − → + → − ”(Pattern 6b). Again, regarding the pattern of change in the energization direction due to the number of poles switching, the same number is assigned to those that do not change, the same number is assigned to those that change with the same pattern, and a is assigned to a certain pattern within the same number. , A pattern in which +-is reversed from a certain pattern is indicated by adding b.

As can be seen from the pattern of the change in the energization direction shown in FIG. 20, one coil is operated by combining conductors having a pattern in which + and − are opposite to each other. Specifically, the coil C1 combines the conductor W1 to be the pattern 1a and the conductor W12 to be the pattern 1b, the coil C2 is to combine the conductor W2 to be the pattern 2a and the conductor W11 to be the pattern 2b, and the coil C3 is the pattern 3a. The conductor W3 and the conductor W10 to be the pattern 3b are combined, the coil C4 is the conductor W4 to be the pattern 4a and the conductor W9 to be the pattern 4b, and the coil C5 is the conductor W5 to be the pattern 5a and the conductor W8 to be the pattern 5b. The coil C6 is operated by combining the conductor W6 having the pattern 6a and the conductor W7 having the pattern 6b.

As described above, in the rotor 10K, by switching the energizing direction of a predetermined coil (conductor), it is possible to switch the number of poles to 6 pole pairs, 3 pole pairs, 2 pole pairs, and 1 pole pair. .. Further, as described in the first embodiment, the variable magnetic flux motor may be used. In addition, it will have the features described in Example 1 as compared with PMSM.

<Second embodiment>
The configuration of the second embodiment, which is a generalization of the seventh embodiment described later, will be described with reference to FIGS. 23A and 23B. Again, the number of switchable pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, and P0> P1 >>...> Pn. Further, m = 2 × P0.

In the PC-WFSM of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, the rotor 20 has the rotor core 11 described in FIGS. 1A and 1B. In the case of this embodiment, there is a difference in the configuration of the field winding (connection of conductors) from the rotor 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, and each teeth T1 to Tm has a coil C1 which is a field winding. ~ Cm is wound one by one. In other words, two conductors W1 to W2m constituting the coils C1 to Cm are arranged in each of the slots S1 to Sm. It should be noted that also in FIGS. 23A and 23B, the rotor 20 is developed in the circumferential direction.

In the rotor 20, the directions of energization of the conductors W1 to W2m of the coils C1 to Cm are controlled by a field winding control circuit (not shown) so that each of them becomes a + conductor or a-conductor. The number of poles can be switched by assigning the + conductor and the-conductor to the conductors W1 to W2m of the coils C1 to Cm as described below.

Specifically, the coils C1 to Cm are the fields generated in the teeth by the field winding control circuit, with j (= P0 / Pi) adjacent coils as one coil group (field winding group). The magnetization directions of the magnetic flux are controlled so as to be alternately inward and outward between adjacent coil groups. At this time, the conductors W1 to W2m are controlled so that adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and −conductors in the same coil group, and the conductors in the adjacent coil groups are + conductors and −conductors. Is controlled so that the order of is reversed. With this control, it is possible to switch to a desired pole logarithm Pi.

This will be described with reference to FIG. 23A for the rotor 20 when the number of pole pairs is P0 (P0 mode). The P0 mode is a mode for maximizing the number of pole pairs, and in the rotor 20 having m salient poles, P0 = m / 2. In this case, the coils C1 to Cm are controlled so that one coil of j = P0 / P0 = one coil is formed as one coil group, and adjacent conductors are alternately formed as + conductor and-conductor in the same coil group. At the same time, the order of the + conductor and the-conductor in the adjacent coil group is controlled to be reversed. For example, from the left in the figure, the conductors W1 and W2 of the coil C1 forming one coil group are alternately in the order of + conductor and-conductor, and the conductors W3 and W4 of the coil C2 forming one adjacent coil group are arranged in this order. The order is-conductor and + conductor alternately. When controlled in this way, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) of the teeth T1 to Tm are alternately outward and inward between adjacent teeth. As a result, in the P0 mode, the number of pole pairs of the rotor 20 is P0 = m / 2.

Further, the rotor 20 when the number of pole pairs is Pi (Pi mode) will be described with reference to FIG. 23B. The Pi here is other than P0. The Pi mode is a mode in which the number of pole pairs is set to Pi. In this case, the coils C1 to Cm have j (= P0 / Pi) of adjacent coils as one coil group, and within the same coil group, the adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and-conductors. At the same time, the conductors in the adjacent coil group are controlled so that the order of the + conductor and the-conductor is reversed. For example, from the left in the figure, the conductors W1 to W2j of the coils C1 to Cj that form one coil group are alternately in the order of + conductor and-conductor, and the conductors W2j + 1 of the coils C2j + 1 to C2j that form one adjacent coil group. ~ W4j are alternately in the order of-conductor and + conductor. When controlled in this way, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) in the teeth T1 to Tm are alternately outward and inward for each coil group. As a result, in the Pi mode, the number of pole pairs of the rotor 20 becomes Pi.

In the PC-WFSM of the present embodiment, the pole logarithm Pi is switched as described above. Even in the case of this embodiment, the switchable logarithm Pi is a divisor of P0, and P0> P1 >> ...> Pn, so it is called "P0: P1: ...: Pn PC-WFSM". .. For example, in Example 7 (FIGS. 24 to 26) described later, since m = 12 and P0 = m / 2, P0 = 6, P1 = 3, P2 = 2, P3 = 1, and “6”. : 3: 2: 1 PC-WFSM ".

Next, a specific example of the PC-WFSM of the present embodiment will be described by exemplifying the following Example 7. In the following Example 7, a rotor having m = 12 salient poles is illustrated, but this embodiment can be applied to a rotor having four or more even salient poles.

[Example 7]
The PC-WFSM of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 to 26. In the PC-WFSM of this example, as shown in FIGS. 25A to 25D, the rotor 20A has the rotor core 11C described above, and the rotors 10A to 10K shown in Examples 1 to 6 are different from each other. The number and arrangement positions of the coils C1 to C12 that serve as field windings are different.

Specifically, FIGS. 25A to 25D show the coil pattern shown in FIG. 24, and the coil C1 is configured by connecting the conductor W1 arranged in the slot S12 and the conductor W2 arranged in the slot S1. , Coil C2 is configured by connecting conductor W3 arranged in slot S1 and conductor W4 arranged in slot S2, and coil C3 connects conductor W5 arranged in slot S2 and conductor W6 arranged in slot S3. The coil C4 is configured by connecting the conductor W7 arranged in the slot S3 and the conductor W8 arranged in the slot S4, and the coil C5 is arranged in the conductor W9 and the slot S5 arranged in the slot S4. It is configured by connecting the conductor W10, and the coil C6 is configured by connecting the conductor W11 arranged in the slot S5 and the conductor W12 arranged in the slot S6.

Further, the coil C7 is configured by connecting the conductor W13 arranged in the slot S6 and the conductor W14 arranged in the slot S7, and the coil C8 connects the conductor W15 arranged in the slot S7 and the conductor W16 arranged in the slot S8. The coil C9 is configured by connecting the conductor W17 arranged in the slot S8 and the conductor W18 arranged in the slot S9, and the coil C10 is arranged in the conductor W19 and the slot S10 arranged in the slot S9. The conductor W20 is connected to the conductor W20, the coil C11 is connected to the conductor W21 arranged in the slot S10 and the conductor W22 arranged in the slot S11, and the coil C12 is connected to the conductor W23 arranged in the slot S11. It is configured by connecting the conductor W24 arranged in S12.

The current-carrying directions of the coils C1 to C12 shown in FIGS. 25A to 25D are controlled by the field winding control circuit 30E shown in FIG. 26. The field winding control circuit 30E includes a DC power supply P that serves as a power source for the coils C1 to C12, a capacitor C connected to both poles of the DC power supply P, and switches SW1 to SW44 that control the energization direction of the coils C1 to C12. And have.

Here, the switch SW1 is configured to switch between the positive electrode side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C1, and the switch SW2 is configured to switch between the negative electrode side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C1. Has been done. Further, the switch SW3 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2, the switch SW4 switches between the positive side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2, and the switch SW5 switches. , The negative side of the DC power supply P and one end of the coil C2 are switched, and the switch SW6 is configured to switch between the negative side of the DC power supply P and the other end of the coil C2.

Although the coils C3 to C10 and the switches SW7 to SW38 are not shown in FIG. 26, the switches SW7 to SW10 for the coil C3, the switches SW11 to SW14 for the coil C4, the switches SW15 to SW18 for the coil C5, and the coil C6 Switches SW19 to SW22 for coil C7, switches SW23 to SW26 for coil C8, switches SW27 to SW30 for coil C8, switches SW31 to SW34 for coil C9, and switches SW35 to SW38 for coil C10 are the same as switches SW3 to SW6 for coil C2, respectively. It is configured in.

Further, as shown in FIG. 26, the switches SW39 to SW42 for the coil C11 are also configured in the same manner as the switches SW3 to SW6 for the coil C2, and the switches SW43 to SW43 for the coil C12 are the switches SW1 for the coil C1. It is configured in the same way as SW2.

That is, the field winding control circuit 30E does not change the current directions of the coils C1 and C12 and does not change the energizing directions of the conductors W1, W2, W23 and W24 by controlling the switches SW1, SW2, SW43 and SW44. By controlling the switches SW3 to SW42, the current directions of the coils C2 to C11 are changed, and thereby the energizing directions of the conductors W3 to W22 are changed.

By controlling the energization directions of the coils C1 to C12 as shown in FIG. 24 by using such a field winding control circuit 30E, the rotor 20A can be set to the pole logarithm P0 = 6, or the pole logarithm P1 =. It can be set to 3, the pole logarithm P2 = 2, or the pole logarithm P3 = 1.

Specifically, with respect to the rotor 20A, in the P0 mode (P0 = 6), j = P0 / P0 = 1, so that the coils C1 to C12 have one coil as one coil group. , In the same coil group, adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and-conductors, and switches SW1 to so that the order of + conductors and-conductors is reversed from that of the conductors in the adjacent coil group. The SW44 is turned on or off so that a current flows through the coils C1 to C12.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 25A, each of the coils C1 to C12 is a coil group, and the conductors W1 and W2 in the coil C1 are in the order of + conductor and −conductor, and the coil C2. The conductors W3 and W4 in the coil C3 are in the order of-conductor and + conductor, the conductors W5 and W6 in the coil C3 are in the order of + conductor and-conductor, and the conductors W7 and W8 in the coil C4 are in the order of-conductor and + conductor. The conductors W9 and W10 in the coil C5 are in the order of + conductor and-conductor, the conductors W11 and W12 in the coil C6 are in the order of-conductor and + conductor, and the conductors W13 and W14 in the coil C7 are in the order of + conductor and. -Conductors W15 and W16 in coil C8 are in the order of-conductors and + conductors, conductors W17 and W18 in coil C9 are in the order of + conductors and-conductors, and conductors W19 and W20 in coil C10 are in the order of-conductors. , -Conductor, + conductor, the conductors W21, W22 in the coil C11 are in the order of + conductor, -conductor, and the conductors W23, W24 in the coil C12 are in the order of-conductor, + conductor.

As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward at Teeth T1, inward at Teeth T2, outward at Teeth T3, inward at Teeth T4, outward at Teeth T5, and inward at Teeth T6. , Teeth T7 is outward, Teeth T8 is inward, Teeth T9 is outward, Teeth T10 is inward, Teeth T11 is outward, Teeth T12 is inward, and operates as a rotor 20A with a pole pair number P0 = 6. It will be.

Then, with respect to the conductor 20A, in the P1 mode (P1 = 3), j = P0 / P1 = 2, so that the coils C1 to C12 have two adjacent coils as one coil group and are the same. In the coil group, the switches SW1 to SW44 are switched so that adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and-conductors, and the order of the + conductors and-conductors in the adjacent coil group is reversed. It is turned on or off so that current flows through the coils C1 to C12.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 25B, the coils C1 to C12 have two adjacent coils in one coil group, and the conductors W1 to W4 in the coils C1 and C2 are in the order of + conductor and-conductor. , Conductors W5 to W8 in the coils C3 and C4 are in the order of-conductor and + conductor, conductors W9 to W12 in the coils C5 and C6 are in the order of + conductor and-conductor, and conductors W13 to W16 in the coils C7 and C8. Is in the order of-conductor and + conductor, conductors W17 to W20 in coils C9 and C10 are in the order of + conductor and-conductor, and conductors W21 to W24 in coils C11 and C12 are in the order of-conductor and + conductor. Become

As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward for teeth T1 and T2, inward for teeth T3 and T4, outward for teeth T5 and T6, inward for teeth T7 and T8, and teeth T9, It faces outward at T10 and faces inward at teeth T11 and T12, and operates as a rotor 20A having a pole pair number P1 = 3.

Then, with respect to the rotor 20A, in the P2 mode (P2 = 2), j = P0 / P2 = 3, so that the coils C1 to C12 have three adjacent coils as one coil group and are the same. In the coil group, the switches SW1 to SW44 are switched so that adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and-conductors, and the order of the + conductors and-conductors in the adjacent coil group is reversed. It is turned on or off so that current flows through the coils C1 to C12.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 25C, the coils C1 to C12 have three adjacent coils in one coil group, and the conductors W1 to W6 in the coils C1 to C3 are in the order of + conductor and-conductor. , Conductors W7 to W12 in coils C4 to C6 are in the order of-conductor and + conductor, conductors W13 to W18 in coils C7 to C9 are in the order of + conductor and-conductor, and conductors W19 to W24 in coils C10 to C12. Is in the order of-conductor and + conductor.

As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward for the teeth T1 to T3, inward for the teeth T4 to T6, outward for the teeth T7 to T9, and inward for the teeth T10 to T12. It operates as a rotor 20A with P2 = 2.

Then, with respect to the rotor 20A, in the P3 mode (P3 = 1), j = P0 / P3 = 6, so that the coils C1 to C12 have six adjacent coils as one coil group, which is the same. In the coil group, the switches SW1 to SW44 are switched so that adjacent conductors alternately become + conductors and-conductors, and the order of the + conductors and-conductors in the adjacent coil group is reversed. It is turned on or off so that current flows through the coils C1 to C12.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 25D, the coils C1 to C12 have six adjacent coils in one coil group, and the conductors W1 to W12 in the coils C1 to C6 are in the order of + conductor and-conductor. The conductors W13 to W24 in the coils C7 to C12 are in the order of-conductor and + conductor.

As a result, the magnetization directions (white arrows in the figure) are outward at the teeth T1 to T6 and inward at the teeth T7 to T12, and operate as the rotor 20A having the pole logarithm P3 = 1.

As described above, the PC-WFSM of this embodiment has m = 12, P0 = 6, P1 = 3, P2 = 2, P3 = 1, and the number of pole pairs that can be switched is 6, 3, 2, and 1. Therefore, it is called "6: 3: 2: 1 PC-WFSM".

FIG. 24 is a summary of the above. Although two conductors W1 to W24 are arranged in the slots S1 to S12, the description of the conductors W1 to W24 is omitted in FIG. 24. Further, the energizing direction of these conductors is represented by +-, which is a sign of + conductor and-conductor.

As shown in FIG. 24, when the number of pole pairs P0 = 6, the conducting directions of the conductors W1 to W24 of the slots S1 to S12 are in the order of the leftmost slot S12 (conductor W1) → the rightmost slot S12 (conductor W24). , "+-+-++-++-++-++-++-+". Further, when the number of pole pairs P1 = 3, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W24 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+-+-+-++-+-+-++-+-" in the above order. +-+ ". Further, when the number of pole pairs P2 = 2, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W24 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+-+-+-+-+-++-+-+-+" in the above order. -+-+ ". Further, when the number of pole pairs P3 = 1, the energizing directions of the conductors W1 to W24 of the slots S1 to S12 are "+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-" in the above order. +-+-+ ".

As described above, in the rotor 20A, by switching the energizing direction of a predetermined coil (conductor), it is possible to switch the number of poles to 6 pole pairs, 3 pole pairs, 2 pole pairs, and 1 pole pair. .. Further, as described in the first embodiment, the variable magnetic flux motor may be used. In addition, it will have the features described in Example 1 as compared with PMSM.

Further, in addition to the features of the rotor 10 described in the first embodiment, there are the following features.
-It is possible to prevent the field magnetic flux from concentrating on the tooth at the center of one pole and causing magnetic saturation.
-Since each coil has the same pitch, the impedance is the same. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the imbalance of the energized current.

<Third embodiment>
The configuration of the third embodiment will be described with reference to Example 8 shown in FIG. 27. Although the eighth embodiment is based on the rotor 10D shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B of the above-mentioned second embodiment, the present embodiment is applied to any of the first embodiments. It is possible.

[Example 8]
As shown in FIG. 27, the PC-WFSM of the present embodiment has a rotor core 11D in which the rotor 10L has eight salient poles, and eight teeth T1 in which the rotor core 11D projects. It has eight slots S1 to S8 recessed with ~ T8. That is, the basic configuration of the rotor core 11D is the same as that of the rotor core 11B shown in Examples 2 to 4 of the first embodiment.

Further, the coils C1 to C4 serving as field windings have the same arrangement as the coils C1 to C4 of the rotor 10D shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B of the second embodiment, but the coils C1 to C4 are plural. The plurality of conductors constituting the conductor groups W1 to W8 and the conductor groups W1 to W8 are all in the same energization direction in each of the slots S1 to S8. That is, the number of winding turns of the coils C1 to C4 is increased. Then, in order to increase the number of winding turns in the coils C1 to C4, in this embodiment, the shape of the iron core umbrella portion that suppresses the winding (conductor) is different from the iron core umbrella portion of the rotor core 11B described above. ..

In the rotor core 11B described above, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the shapes of the iron core umbrella portions of the teeth T1 to T8 are all the same, and the iron core umbrella portions are symmetrical on both sides in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of each tooth. It has been extended. On the other hand, in the rotor core 11D in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 27, the shapes of the iron core umbrella portions of the teeth T1 to T8 are not all the same, and the centrifugal force received by the conductor groups W1 to W8 of the coils C1 to C4 is applied. In consideration, the shape is such that the conductor groups W1 to W8 are suppressed.

Specifically, in the teeth T1, when the conductor groups W1 and W8 of the coil C1 move by receiving centrifugal force, the lengths of the iron core umbrella portions 12a and 12b at the positions where the conductor groups W1 and W8 are suppressed are lengthened. Instead of eliminating the iron core umbrella portion on the teeth T1 side of the adjacent teeth T2 and T8, the lengths of the iron core umbrella portions 12a and 12b are increased to the vicinity of the teeth T2 and T8. The teeth T5 are the same as the teeth T1, and the lengths of the iron core umbrella portions 12a and 12b at the positions where the conductor groups W4 and W5 are suppressed when the conductor groups W4 and W5 of the coil C4 are moved by receiving centrifugal force. Instead of eliminating the iron core umbrella portion on the teeth T5 side of the adjacent teeth T4 and T6, the lengths of the iron core umbrella portions 12a and 12b are extended to the vicinity of the teeth T4 and T6.

Further, in the teeth T2, when the conductor group W2 of the coil C2 is moved by receiving a centrifugal force, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12a at the position where the conductor group W2 is suppressed is lengthened, and the adjacent teeth T3 Instead of eliminating the iron core umbrella portion on the teeth T2 side, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12a is increased to the vicinity of the teeth T3. In the teeth T6 as well, as in the teeth T2, when the conductor group W6 of the coil C3 is moved by receiving centrifugal force, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12a at the position where the conductor group W6 is suppressed is lengthened, and is adjacent to the teeth T6. Instead of eliminating the iron core umbrella portion on the teeth T6 side of the matching teeth T7, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12a is increased to the vicinity of the teeth T7.

Further, in the teeth T4, when the conductor group W3 of the coil C3 is moved by receiving centrifugal force, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12b at the position where the conductor group W3 is suppressed is lengthened, and the adjacent teeth T3 Instead of eliminating the iron core umbrella portion on the teeth T4 side, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12b is increased to the vicinity of the teeth T3. In the teeth T8 as well, as in the teeth T4, when the conductor group W7 of the coil C2 is moved by receiving a centrifugal force, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12b at the position where the conductor group W7 is suppressed is lengthened, and is adjacent to the teeth T8. Instead of eliminating the iron core umbrella portion on the teeth T8 side of the matching teeth T7, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12b is increased to the vicinity of the teeth T7.

As described above, in the teeth T1 and T5, the lengths of both the iron core umbrella portions 12a and 12b become long, and in the teeth T2 and T6, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12a becomes long and the iron core umbrella portion 12b disappears. In the teeth T4 and T8, the length of the iron core umbrella portion 12b becomes longer and the iron core umbrella portion 12a disappears, and in the teeth T3 and T7, both the iron core umbrella portions 12a and 12b are eliminated.

In this way, the lengths of the iron core umbrella portions 12a and 12b of the rotor core 11D at the positions where the conductor groups W1 to W8 subjected to the centrifugal force move are the positions where the conductor groups W1 to W8 subjected to the centrifugal force move. It is longer than the length of the iron core umbrella part of the rotor core 11D, which is not available.

By forming the rotor core 11D into the above-mentioned iron core shape, the number of winding turns of the coils C1 to C4 can be increased, and the maximum of the rotor 10L is as compared with the rotor 10D shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. The torque can be increased.

The present invention is suitable as an electric motor having a pole number switching function.

10, 10A-10L Rotor 11, 11A-11D Rotor Iron core 12a, 12b Iron core Umbrella 20, 20A Rotor 30A-30E Field winding control circuit C1 to Cm Coil S1 to Sm Slot T1 to Tm Teeth W1 to W2m conductor

Claims (4)

The number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0> P1 >>...> Pn, and the winding field can be switched to a plurality of pole logarithms Pi. It is a magnetic synchronous motor,
A rotor core with 2 x P0 slots and teeth,
2 × P0 conductors, one in each of the slots,
P0 field windings formed by connecting two of the conductors as a pair, and
A field winding control circuit that switches the number of poles by changing the energizing direction of the field winding is provided.
In the field winding control circuit, P0 / Pi of adjacent conductors are regarded as one conductor group, and the conductors are controlled so that the energization directions of the adjacent conductor groups are different from each other to obtain the number of pole pairs. A field winding type synchronous motor characterized by being Pi. In the winding field type synchronous motor according to claim 1,
A winding field type synchronous motor, wherein the conductor is a conductor group composed of a plurality of conductors, and the plurality of conductors have the same energization direction in each of the slots. In the winding field type synchronous motor according to claim 2.
The length of the iron core umbrella portion of the rotor core at the position where the conductor group subjected to the centrifugal force moves is longer than the length of the iron core umbrella portion at the position where the conductor group subjected to the centrifugal force does not move. A winding field type synchronous motor characterized by the fact that it has been used. The number of pole pairs is Pi, i is an integer of 0 to n, n is an integer of 1 or more, Pi is a divisor of P0, P0> P1 >>...> Pn, and the winding field can be switched to a plurality of pole logarithms Pi. It is a magnetic synchronous motor,
A rotor core with 2 x P0 slots and teeth,
2 × P0 field windings wound around each of the teeth,
A field winding control circuit that switches the number of poles by changing the energizing direction of the field winding is provided.
In the field winding control circuit, P0 / Pi of the adjacent field windings are regarded as one field winding group, and the field magnetic flux generated in the teeth between the adjacent field winding groups is A winding field type synchronous electric motor, characterized in that the energization direction of the field winding is controlled so that the magnetization directions are different from each other, and the number of pole pairs is set to Pi.

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