JP6189092B2 - Multi-purpose control device for grid storage battery - Google Patents

Multi-purpose control device for grid storage battery Download PDF

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JP6189092B2
JP6189092B2 JP2013117066A JP2013117066A JP6189092B2 JP 6189092 B2 JP6189092 B2 JP 6189092B2 JP 2013117066 A JP2013117066 A JP 2013117066A JP 2013117066 A JP2013117066 A JP 2013117066A JP 6189092 B2 JP6189092 B2 JP 6189092B2
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command value
storage battery
control
peak shift
calculation unit
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JP2014236600A (en
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寿之 瀬戸
寿之 瀬戸
熊澤 俊光
俊光 熊澤
航太 矢口
航太 矢口
伸也 直井
伸也 直井
淳之 石井
淳之 石井
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Toshiba Corp
Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc
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Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Description

本発明は、単一の系統用蓄電池を複数目的の用途に活用することを可能とする複数目的制御装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a multi-purpose control device that enables a single system storage battery to be used for a multi-purpose application.

近年、太陽光発電(以下、「PV」と記す)や風力発電などの再生可能エネルギー導入が各国で積極的に進められている。PVは時間、季節、天候に応じて発電出力が変動するため、太陽光発電設備を大量導入するためには需給調整が必要となる。この需給調整を実現する手段として蓄電池の活用が期待されている。蓄電池は、負荷平準化や、系統安定化制御、災害時等の非常電源など多様な用途に活用が可能であるが、高コストであることが課題となっている。   In recent years, the introduction of renewable energy such as solar power generation (hereinafter referred to as “PV”) and wind power generation has been actively promoted in each country. Since PV power generation output fluctuates according to time, season, and weather, supply and demand adjustment is required to introduce a large amount of solar power generation equipment. Utilization of storage batteries is expected as a means for realizing this supply and demand adjustment. The storage battery can be used for various purposes such as load leveling, system stabilization control, and emergency power supply in the event of a disaster, but the problem is high cost.

蓄電池を有効活用するための方法として、蓄電池寿命を考慮したピークシフト制御方法(例えば、特許文献1参照)や必要な電池容量が小さい変動抑制制御方法(例えば、特許文献2参照)が提案されている。また、PVの発電量予測に基づいて前日の蓄電量を決定する制御方法(例えば、特許文献3参照)や、複数の蓄電池を一つの蓄電池と見立てて制御する方法(例えば、特許文献4参照)に関する提案もなされている。   As a method for effectively utilizing the storage battery, a peak shift control method (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) in consideration of the life of the storage battery and a fluctuation suppression control method (for example, refer to Patent Document 2) with a small required battery capacity have been proposed. Yes. Moreover, the control method (for example, refer patent document 3) which determines the electrical storage amount of the previous day based on the electric power generation amount prediction of PV, or the method (for example, refer patent document 4) which controls a some storage battery as one storage battery. Proposals have also been made.

これらの方法は、いずれも特定の効果を得るために必要な蓄電池のスペックを低減することを目的とした方法である。一方で、蓄電池を有効活用するためのアプローチとしては、一定のスペックの蓄電池から得られる効果を最大化することが考えられる。例えば、一つの電池を複数の目的に用いて得られる効果を最大化する方法である。   These methods are methods aimed at reducing the specifications of a storage battery necessary for obtaining a specific effect. On the other hand, as an approach for effectively using the storage battery, it is conceivable to maximize the effect obtained from the storage battery of a certain specification. For example, a method of maximizing the effect obtained by using one battery for a plurality of purposes.

特開2003−244840号公報JP 2003-244840 A 特開2008−295208号公報JP 2008-295208 A 特開2004−32989号公報JP 2004-32989 A 特開2012−205490号公報JP 2012-205490 A

単一の限られた容量を有する蓄電池を複数の目的に用いる方法として、ピークシフト制御と変動抑制制御を同時に行うことが考えられる。ピークシフト制御で重要となるのは蓄電容量(Wh)であり、変動抑制制御では出力容量(W)である。よって、それぞれの制御指令値の合算値を蓄電池の出力指令値とすることにより、2つの制御を同時に行うことが可能であると考えられる。   As a method of using a storage battery having a single limited capacity for a plurality of purposes, it is conceivable to simultaneously perform peak shift control and fluctuation suppression control. What is important in the peak shift control is the storage capacity (Wh), and in the fluctuation suppression control, is the output capacity (W). Therefore, it is considered that two controls can be simultaneously performed by using the sum of the control command values as the output command value of the storage battery.

しかし、この方法では合算した制御指令値を出力するために、より出力定格の大きい蓄電池用パワーコンディショナー(以下、「PCS」と記す)が必要になってしまう。また、ピークシフトに必要な蓄電量を満たすための制御指令値に変動抑制制御の制御指令値が合算されるため、計画した蓄電量を満たせない可能性が生じ得る。   However, this method requires a storage battery power conditioner (hereinafter referred to as “PCS”) having a higher output rating in order to output the combined control command value. Further, since the control command value for fluctuation suppression control is added to the control command value for satisfying the power storage amount necessary for the peak shift, there is a possibility that the planned power storage amount cannot be satisfied.

本発明は、出力定格の大きなPCSが不要で、計画した蓄電量を満たしつつ、単一の系統用蓄電池を複数目的の用途に活用することを可能とする複数目的制御装置を提供することを目的とする。   It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-purpose control device that does not require a PCS having a large output rating and can use a single system storage battery for a multi-purpose application while satisfying a planned power storage amount. And

上述の目的を達成するため、本発明は、単一の系統用蓄電池を複数目的に活用するための制御装置であって、系統状態の情報と、複数目的の優先度情報を含む制御パラメータ情報とを取得する入力部と、取得した前記系統状態の情報及び前記制御パラメータ情報に基づいて、前記蓄電池の複数の目的を達成するために目的毎に必要な制御指令値を算出する指令値算出部と、前記指令値算出部によって算出された複数の制御指令値に対して、前記入力部で取得した前記優先度情報を考慮して前記蓄電池への出力指令値を算出する出力指令値算出部と、を備えることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a control device for utilizing a single system storage battery for a plurality of purposes, and includes control state information including system state information and priority information for a plurality of purposes. And a command value calculation unit for calculating a control command value necessary for each purpose in order to achieve a plurality of purposes of the storage battery based on the obtained system state information and the control parameter information. An output command value calculation unit that calculates an output command value to the storage battery in consideration of the priority information acquired by the input unit for a plurality of control command values calculated by the command value calculation unit; It is characterized by providing.

本発明の一実施形態に係る複数目的制御装置を用いたシステムの全体構成を示すブロック図である。1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a system using a multipurpose control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本実施形態に係る複数目的制御装置の処理動作を説明するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart explaining the processing operation of the multipurpose control apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. 太陽光発電装置の発電電力の一例を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows an example of the generated electric power of a solar power generation device. 需要家の消費電力の一例を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows an example of the power consumption of a consumer. 本実施形態のピークシフト制御手法を説明するグラフである。It is a graph explaining the peak shift control method of this embodiment. 本実施形態の変動抑制制御手法を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the fluctuation | variation suppression control method of this embodiment.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照して具体的に説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

(システムの構成)
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る複数目的制御装置を用いたシステムの全体構成を示すブロック図である。
(System configuration)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a system using a multipurpose control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

本システムは、複数目的制御装置1と、太陽光発電装置2と、制御対象となる蓄電池3と、接続先の系統状態を計測する計測装置4と、蓄電池の複数の利用目的等を入力する入力装置5とを備えている。   This system is a multi-purpose control device 1, a photovoltaic power generation device 2, a storage battery 3 to be controlled, a measuring device 4 for measuring a connected system state, and an input for inputting a plurality of usage purposes of the storage battery. And a device 5.

複数目的制御装置1は、計測装置4や入力装置5からデータを取得する入力部101と、取得したデータを保持するデータ保持部102と、取得したデータを基にピークシフトの制御指令値を算出するピークシフト指令値算出部103と、取得したデータを基に変動抑制制御の指令値を算出する変動抑制指令値算出部104と、ピークシフト指令値算出部103と変動抑制指令値算出部104の算出結果を基に蓄電池3の出力指令値を算出する出力指令値算出部105と、出力指令値算出部105で算出した指令値を蓄電池3に伝達する出力部106から構成される。   The multi-purpose control device 1 calculates the peak shift control command value based on the acquired data, the input unit 101 that acquires data from the measuring device 4 and the input device 5, the data holding unit 102 that holds the acquired data, and the acquired data. Of the peak shift command value calculation unit 103, the fluctuation suppression command value calculation unit 104 that calculates the command value of the fluctuation suppression control based on the acquired data, the peak shift command value calculation unit 103, and the fluctuation suppression command value calculation unit 104 The output command value calculation unit 105 calculates the output command value of the storage battery 3 based on the calculation result, and the output unit 106 transmits the command value calculated by the output command value calculation unit 105 to the storage battery 3.

計測装置4は、電力を充放電する接続先の系統状態の情報(例えば、電力・電圧・電流・周波数など)を計測する装置である。   The measuring device 4 is a device that measures information (for example, power, voltage, current, frequency, and the like) of a connection destination system state for charging and discharging power.

入力装置5は、制御パラメータ情報などの蓄電池3の出力指令値を算出するために必要な情報を入力する装置である。この入力装置5は、作業員等が情報を設定することを想定したコンピュータでもよいし、上位のエネルギー管理装置であってもよい。   The input device 5 is a device that inputs information necessary for calculating an output command value of the storage battery 3 such as control parameter information. This input device 5 may be a computer assuming that an operator or the like sets information, or may be an upper energy management device.

(複数目的制御装置1の処理動作)
図2は、図1の複数目的制御装置1の処理動作を説明するためのフローチャートである。以下、図2に従って処理動作を説明する。
(Processing operation of multi-purpose control device 1)
FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the processing operation of the multipurpose control apparatus 1 of FIG. The processing operation will be described below with reference to FIG.

(ステップS1:ピークシフト計画及び、変動抑制制御とピークシフト制御との案分係数の設定)
まず、複数目的制御装置1における入力部101は、計測装置4から系統状態の情報を取得し、入力装置5から作業員等により入力された制御パラメータ情報を取得し、データ保持部102に保存する。ここで、系統状態の情報とは、蓄電池3が電力を充放電する接続先の系統状態に関する情報であり、具体的には、図3に示すような太陽光発電装置の発電電力や図4に示すような需要家の消費電力が挙げられる。
(Step S1: Peak shift plan and setting of proportional coefficients for fluctuation suppression control and peak shift control)
First, the input unit 101 in the multi-purpose control device 1 acquires system state information from the measurement device 4, acquires control parameter information input by a worker or the like from the input device 5, and stores it in the data holding unit 102. . Here, the system state information is information related to the system state of the connection destination where the storage battery 3 charges and discharges power. Specifically, the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus as shown in FIG. The power consumption of the consumer as shown.

また、制御パラメータ情報とは、蓄電池3の複数の利用目的についての優先度情報や蓄電池3の利用目的に応じた制御情報である。本実施形態では、太陽光発電装置の発電出力の変動を抑制する目的の変動抑制制御と、電力の需要を平準化する目的のピークシフト制御の2つを行うこととしている。このため、蓄電池3の複数の利用目的についての優先度情報とは、変動抑制制御とピークシフト制御における優先度を案分係数比で示したものとする。さらに、蓄電池3の利用目的に応じた制御情報としては、例えば、ピークシフト制御に必要な充放電の計画情報が挙げられる。   Further, the control parameter information is priority information for a plurality of usage purposes of the storage battery 3 or control information according to the usage purpose of the storage battery 3. In the present embodiment, two types of fluctuation suppression control for the purpose of suppressing fluctuations in the power generation output of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus and peak shift control for the purpose of leveling the demand for power are performed. For this reason, it is assumed that the priority information for a plurality of usage purposes of the storage battery 3 indicates the priorities in the variation suppression control and the peak shift control by the proportional coefficient ratio. Furthermore, as control information according to the utilization purpose of the storage battery 3, the plan information of charging / discharging required for peak shift control is mentioned, for example.

(ステップS2:ピークシフト制御及び変動抑制制御に必要な指令値の算出)
次に、ピークシフト指令値算出部103及び変動抑制指令値算出部104は、それぞれ、各制御に必要な指令値を算出する。ここで、本実施形態におけるピークシフトは、需要負荷に対してPVが大量導入された系統を評価対象とし、PV発電による昼間の余剰電力を蓄電池3に充電し夜間に放電するものとする。
(Step S2: Calculation of command value required for peak shift control and fluctuation suppression control)
Next, the peak shift command value calculation unit 103 and the fluctuation suppression command value calculation unit 104 each calculate a command value necessary for each control. Here, in the peak shift in this embodiment, a system in which a large amount of PV is introduced with respect to a demand load is an evaluation target, and surplus power in the daytime due to PV power generation is charged in the storage battery 3 and discharged at night.

図5は、本実施形態のピークシフト制御手法を説明するグラフである。
ピークシフト指令値は、データ保持部102に保存されたピークシフトの充放電計画Sp(t)を、実際の計測したPV出力S(t)と比較し、数1の式に基づいて蓄電池出力PBPを決定することによって算出する。すなわち、S(t)<Sp(t)となる時刻に発生した充電計画に対する充電不足分を、S(t)>Sp(t)となる時に充電計画値よりも多めに充電することによって蓄電池3の充電量を随時補正する。ここで係数mは、補正量を調整するための係数である。

Figure 0006189092
FIG. 5 is a graph for explaining the peak shift control method of the present embodiment.
The peak shift command value is obtained by comparing the peak shift charge / discharge plan Sp (t) stored in the data holding unit 102 with the actually measured PV output S (t), and based on the equation (1). It is calculated by determining BP . That is, the storage battery 3 is charged by charging the insufficient charging amount for the charging plan generated at the time when S (t) <Sp (t) is larger than the charging plan value when S (t)> Sp (t). Correct the amount of charge at any time. Here, the coefficient m is a coefficient for adjusting the correction amount.
Figure 0006189092

図6は、本実施形態の変動抑制制御手法を示すブロック図である。
変動抑制の指令値は、図6に基づき、制御目標をPV出力の過去の一定時間の平均値(移動平均)により算出する。この制御目標と実際のPV出力差分を蓄電池の出力電力指令として与え、変動分を補償する。
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the fluctuation suppression control method of this embodiment.
Based on FIG. 6, the command value for fluctuation suppression is calculated based on the average value (moving average) of the PV output for a fixed time in the past. This control target and the actual PV output difference are given as the output power command of the storage battery to compensate for the fluctuation.

(ステップS3:蓄電池3への出力指令値の算出)
さらに、エネルギー管理装置1の出力指令値算出部105において、各制御指令値と案分係数とを用いて蓄電池への出力指令値を算出する。
ピークシフト制御と変動抑制制御を同時に行うためには、各制御指令値の合算値を蓄電池の出力指令値とすればよい。しかし、単純に各制御指令値の合算値を出力指令値とするためには、蓄電池用PCSの定格出力を大きくする必要がある。そこで、PCSの定格出力以内で出力指令値を決定するために、変動抑制制御指令値PBfとピークシフト制御指令値PBPに案分係数r、rを乗算して案分することで、蓄電池の出力指令値Pを決定する。具体的には、ピークシフト指令値算出部103と変動抑制指令値算出部104で算出した各指令値を、数2の式を基づき蓄電池の定格出力の範囲内において、入力部101で入力した案分係数比で案分して決定する。

Figure 0006189092
(Step S3: Calculation of output command value to storage battery 3)
Further, the output command value calculation unit 105 of the energy management device 1 calculates the output command value to the storage battery using each control command value and the prorated coefficient.
In order to perform peak shift control and fluctuation suppression control at the same time, the sum of the control command values may be used as the output command value of the storage battery. However, in order to simply use the sum of the control command values as the output command value, it is necessary to increase the rated output of the storage battery PCS. Therefore, in order to determine the output command value within the rated output of the PCS, the variation suppression control command value P Bf and the peak shift control command value P BP are multiplied by the proportional coefficients r f and r p and divided. Then, the output command value P B of the storage battery is determined. Specifically, each command value calculated by the peak shift command value calculation unit 103 and the fluctuation suppression command value calculation unit 104 is input by the input unit 101 within the range of the rated output of the storage battery based on the formula (2). It is decided according to the proportion coefficient ratio.
Figure 0006189092

ここで、ステップS1で入力したピークシフト制御と変動抑制制御の案分係数比r、rは、任意に入力してもよいが、蓄電池3の容量が一日の太陽光発電電力量より大きい場合には、r+r=1となる条件を満たす値とし、逆に蓄電池3の容量が一日の太陽光発電電力量より小さい場合には、r=1かつr=1としてもよい。このように設定することで、蓄電池3をより効率的に使うことができる。 Here, prorated coefficient ratio r f of peak shift control and fluctuation suppression control input in step S1, r p may be input to the optional, from solar power generation amount of the capacity of the storage battery 3 day When the capacity is larger, the value satisfying the condition of r f + r p = 1 is set. Conversely, when the capacity of the storage battery 3 is smaller than the daily solar power generation amount, r f = 1 and r p = 1. Also good. By setting in this way, the storage battery 3 can be used more efficiently.

(ステップS4:出力指令値の蓄電池3への送信)
さらに、エネルギー管理装置1の出力部106において、出力指令値算出部105で算出した出力指令値を蓄電池3に送信する。
(Step S4: Transmission of output command value to storage battery 3)
Further, in the output unit 106 of the energy management device 1, the output command value calculated by the output command value calculation unit 105 is transmitted to the storage battery 3.

(効果)
本実施形態によれば、限られた容量を有する単一の蓄電池3を、複数の用途に活用することが可能となる。これにより、用途別に蓄電池3を用意する必要がなくなり、設備コストの低減を見込める。
(effect)
According to the present embodiment, a single storage battery 3 having a limited capacity can be used for a plurality of applications. Thereby, it is not necessary to prepare the storage battery 3 for each application, and reduction of equipment cost can be expected.

また、ピークシフト制御と変動抑制制御を同時に行う場合、変動抑制制御の充放電によってピークシフト制御の充電計画に誤差が生じる問題があるが、本実施形態の手法を用いれば、随時誤差を補正することが可能となる。   Further, when peak shift control and fluctuation suppression control are performed simultaneously, there is a problem that an error occurs in the charge plan of peak shift control due to charge / discharge of fluctuation suppression control. However, if the method of this embodiment is used, the error is corrected as needed. It becomes possible.

[他の実施形態]
(1)上記の実施形態では、蓄電池3の利用目的として、ピークシフト制御と変動抑制制御の2つの目的を挙げたが、これ以外に停電対策目的を挙げることもできる。
[Other embodiments]
(1) In the above embodiment, the two purposes of the peak shift control and the fluctuation suppression control are cited as the purpose of use of the storage battery 3, but the purpose of countermeasures against power failure can also be cited.

(2)以上、本発明のいくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。これら実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれると同様に、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれるものである。 (2) Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

1…複数目的制御装置
2…太陽光発電装置
3…蓄電池
4…計測装置
5…入力装置
101…入力部
102…データ保持部
103…ピークシフト指令値算出部
104…変動抑制指令値算出部
105…出力指令値算出部
106…出力部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Multi-purpose control apparatus 2 ... Solar power generation device 3 ... Storage battery 4 ... Measurement apparatus 5 ... Input device 101 ... Input part 102 ... Data holding part 103 ... Peak shift command value calculation part 104 ... Fluctuation suppression command value calculation part 105 ... Output command value calculation unit 106 ... output unit

Claims (3)

単一の系統用蓄電池を複数目的に活用するための制御装置であって、
系統状態の情報と、複数目的の優先度情報を含む制御パラメータ情報とを取得する入力部と、
取得した前記系統状態の情報及び前記制御パラメータ情報に基づいて、前記蓄電池の複数の目的を達成するために目的毎に必要な制御指令値を算出する指令値算出部と、
前記指令値算出部によって算出された複数の制御指令値に対して、前記入力部で取得した前記優先度情報を考慮して前記蓄電池への出力指令値を算出する出力指令値算出部と、
を備え
前記複数の目的は、電力の需給量を一日の中で平準化するために蓄電池を充放電するピークシフト制御と、太陽光発電装置の電力出力における変動を緩和するために蓄電池を充放電する変動抑制制御とであり、かつ、前記指令値算出部は、前記ピークシフト制御に対応したピークシフト指令値算出部と、前記変動抑制制御に対応した変動抑制指令値算出部からなることを特徴とする系統用蓄電池の複数目的制御装置。
A control device for utilizing a single storage battery for multiple purposes,
An input unit for acquiring system state information and control parameter information including priority information for multiple purposes;
Based on the acquired system state information and the control parameter information, a command value calculation unit that calculates a control command value necessary for each purpose in order to achieve a plurality of purposes of the storage battery;
An output command value calculation unit that calculates an output command value to the storage battery in consideration of the priority information acquired by the input unit for a plurality of control command values calculated by the command value calculation unit;
Equipped with a,
The plurality of purposes include peak shift control for charging / discharging the storage battery in order to equalize the supply and demand of electric power throughout the day, and charging / discharging the storage battery in order to reduce fluctuations in the power output of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus. The command value calculation unit includes a peak shift command value calculation unit corresponding to the peak shift control and a variation suppression command value calculation unit corresponding to the variation suppression control. Multi-purpose control device for storage battery for power system.
前記ピークシフト制御は、あらかじめ与えられたピークシフト計画と太陽光発電装置の出力に応じてピークシフト可能な電力量との誤差を算出し、将来のピークシフト計画を随時補正することを特徴とする請求項記載の系統用蓄電池の複数目的制御装置。 The peak shift control calculates an error between a peak shift plan given in advance and an amount of power that can be peak shifted according to the output of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus, and corrects a future peak shift plan as needed. A multi-purpose control device for a storage battery for a system according to claim 1 . 前記優先度情報は、前記変動抑制制御と前記ピークシフト制御における優先度を案分係数の比で示したものであり、
前記出力指令値算出部は、前記変動抑制制御の指令値PBfと前記ピークシフト制御の指令値PBPに、それぞれ前記案分係数r、rを乗算して案分することで、前記蓄電池の出力指令値Pを決定することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の系統用蓄電池の複数目的制御装置。
The priority information indicates the priority in the fluctuation suppression control and the peak shift control as a ratio of proration coefficients,
The output command value calculating section, the command value P BP of the peak shift control command value P Bf of the fluctuation suppressing control, by prorated each of the prorated coefficient r f, by multiplying the r p, wherein The multi-purpose control device for a storage battery for a system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an output command value P B for the storage battery is determined.
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