JP5696438B2 - Permanent magnet type motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type electric motor.

  In Patent Document 1, two motors and two inverters are used, respectively, and the battery is charged from an external power source using a separate wiring from the neutral point of the motor.

JP 2009-27831 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, the present inventors have found that it is impossible to deny the possibility of current flowing from the vehicle side to the home power supply system during charging, which may adversely affect the home power supply system. It was.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such conventional problems, and a permanent magnet type electric motor that does not cause a situation in which current flows from the vehicle side to the home power supply system (external AC power supply) during charging is provided. The purpose is to provide.

  The present invention solves the above problems by the following means.

The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type electric motor including a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator. And by scan tape data includes a plurality of teeth driving coil is wound, respectively connected to the battery via a DC-AC converter, at least teeth power supply coil is wound which is connected to an AC power source , characterized by having a. All of the plurality of driving coils are not connected to a specific AC phase power line of the DC / AC converter, but are connected to other AC phase power lines.

  According to the present invention, since the AC power supply is structurally insulated from the battery, a situation in which current flows from the vehicle side to the household power supply system (external AC power supply) during charging is not caused.

  Embodiments of the present invention and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of a permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system using a permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a three-phase two-pole three-slot permanent magnet type three-phase AC motor by deforming the permanent magnet type electric motor. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a mechanism for charging a battery in the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a connection diagram showing a schematic configuration of the third embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a connection diagram showing a schematic configuration of the fourth embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a connection diagram showing a schematic configuration of the fifth embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a sixth embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a seventh embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of a permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention.

  Here, the permanent magnet type electric motor 1 will be described by taking a three-phase six-pole nine-slot permanent magnet type three-phase AC motor as an example.

  Permanent magnet type electric motor 1 includes a rotor 10 and a stator 20.

  The rotor 10 includes a permanent magnet 11.

  The permanent magnet 11 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 10. The permanent magnet 11 extends over substantially the entire length of the rotor 10. The permanent magnets 11 are arranged so that the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are different from each other.

  The stator 20 includes a stator iron core 21, a drive coil 22, and a power feeding coil 23. The stator 20 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 10.

  The stator core 21 is formed by laminating a number of thin steel plates. Teeth 211 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the stator core 21.

  The drive coil 22 and the power feeding coil 23 are formed on the tooth 211 via an insulating layer.

  Although details will be described later, the drive coil 22 includes a V-phase drive coil connected to the V-phase AC power line of the DC-AC converter and a W-phase drive coil connected to the W-phase AC power line of the DC-AC converter. There is no U-phase drive coil connected to the U-phase AC power line of the DC-AC converter. When a current flows through the drive coil 22, a magnetic flux is generated, a repulsive force / attractive force is generated in the permanent magnet 11, and the rotor 10 rotates.

  The feeding coil 23 is formed on the teeth 211 where the drive coil 22 is not formed. As described above, the drive coil 22 includes a V-phase drive coil and a W-phase drive coil, but no U-phase drive coil. The power supply coil 23 is formed on the teeth 211 where the drive coil 22 is not formed. That is, a feeding coil 23 is formed in place of the U-phase drive coil of a normal three-phase six-pole nine-slot permanent magnet type three-phase AC motor. The feeding coil 23 is connected to an AC power source.

  In this embodiment, the power feeding coil → the V-phase driving coil → the W-phase driving coil → the power feeding coil →... Is repeated counterclockwise in FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system using a permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention.

  The system S includes a permanent magnet type electric motor 1, a DC / AC converter (inverter) 7, a battery 8, and a power circuit 9.

  The DC / AC converter 7 is provided between the permanent magnet type electric motor 1 and the battery 8. The DC / AC converter 7 has both an inverter function for converting DC power from the battery 8 into AC and a converter function for converting AC power from the permanent magnet motor 1 into DC. The DC / AC converter 7 includes a positive side DC power line 71p, a negative side DC power line 71n, a U-phase AC power line 72u, a V-phase AC power line 72v, and a W-phase AC power line 72w.

  The positive side DC power line 71 p is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 8. The negative side DC power line 71 n is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 8. A capacitor 75 is connected in parallel with the battery 8 between the positive side DC power line 71p and the negative side DC power line 71n. The capacitor 75 smoothes the DC power.

  The V-phase AC power line 72v is connected to a predetermined drive coil 22 of the permanent magnet type electric motor 1. The drive coil 22 connected to the V-phase AC power line becomes a V-phase drive coil. The W-phase AC power line 72w is connected to a drive coil 22 different from the V-phase drive coil of the permanent magnet type electric motor 1. The drive coil 22 connected to the W-phase AC power line becomes the W-phase drive coil.

  The DC / AC converter 7 includes six IGBT modules (positive side U-phase IGBT module, negative side U-phase IGBT module, positive side V-phase IGBT module, negative side V-phase IGBT module, positive side between the DC power line and the AC power line. Side W-phase IGBT module, negative W-phase IGBT module).

  Each IGBT module (switching module) includes a switching element IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) and a rectifier element (rectifier diode; Free Wheeling Diode; hereinafter referred to as “FWD”) connected in parallel in the reverse direction to the IGBT. Included). Each IGBT module is turned on and off based on a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal of the controller.

  The power feeding coil 23 is connected to the power circuit 9 and is finally connected to an AC power source outside the vehicle via the insertion port.

  In such a system, when the permanent magnet type electric motor 1 is driven to travel, the electric power of the battery 8 is converted into alternating current by the DC / AC converter 7 and supplied to the permanent magnet type electric motor 1. Then, the permanent magnet type electric motor 1 is rotationally driven.

  When charging the battery 8 using an AC power supply in a state where the vehicle is stopped, the power feeding coil 23 is connected to the AC power supply via the insertion port. Then, AC power from the AC power source is transmitted to the feeding coil 23 and the battery 8 can be charged. This will be described in detail below.

  With reference to FIG.3 and FIG.4, the mechanism which charges a battery in the permanent magnet type motor of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a three-phase two-pole three-slot permanent magnet type three-phase AC motor by deforming the permanent magnet type electric motor.

  When an alternating current of the alternating current power source flows through the feeding coil 23, a magnetic flux Φ is generated as shown in FIG. Due to the mutual induction of the magnetic flux, the path is not necessarily constant depending on the rotational position of the rotor (permanent magnet), but alternating current also flows through the V-phase drive coil 22V and the W-phase drive coil 22W. That is, the feeding coil 23 functions as a transformer primary coil, and the V-phase driving coil 22V and the W-phase driving coil 22W function as a transformer secondary coil.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a mechanism for charging a battery in the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present embodiment.

  Basically, it is as described above, and in the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present embodiment, when the AC current of the AC power source flows through the power feeding coil 23 by the same mechanism, the V-phase driving coil 22V and the W-phase driving coil 22W. There are also exchanges.

  That is, when an alternating current of the alternating current power source flows through the feeding coil 23, a magnetic flux Φ is generated as shown in FIG. Due to the mutual induction of the magnetic flux, the path is not necessarily constant depending on the rotational position of the rotor (permanent magnet), but alternating current also flows through the V-phase drive coil 22V and the W-phase drive coil 22W.

  The alternating current flowing through the V-phase drive coil 22V and the W-phase drive coil 22W is converted into direct current by the rectifying element (rectifier diode) of the direct-current AC converter 7, smoothed by the capacitor 75, and charged to the battery 8.

  According to the present embodiment, the AC power source is structurally insulated from the battery 8. Therefore, a situation in which current flows from the vehicle side to the external AC power supply during charging does not occur.

  Further, in Patent Document 1, two motors and two inverters are required, and thus can only be adopted in a system that uses two motors and two inverters. However, according to this embodiment, one electric motor and DC AC are used. A converter is sufficient. That is, the present invention can be applied even if the system does not use two electric motors and two DC / AC converters.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the transformer function is incorporated into the permanent magnet type electric motor and integrated with the permanent magnet type electric motor. Since the circuit for driving and controlling the permanent magnet type motor and the charging circuit are not used at the same time, it is possible to make such a structure, and by doing so, the system can be made compact.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention.

  In the present embodiment, drive coils having different phases are not formed for each electrical angle cycle (electrical angle 360 degrees). Then, the feeding coil 23 is formed on at least one of them. The electrical angle means that the U phase, V phase, and W phase shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the mechanical angle is every 120 degrees.

  In FIG. 5, the V-phase drive coil 22V1 and the W-phase drive coil 22W1 are formed in the first period portion, but the U-phase drive coil is not formed. A feeding coil 23 is formed instead of the U-phase driving coil. In the second period portion, the U-phase drive coil 22U2 and the W-phase drive coil 22W2 are formed, but the V-phase drive coil is not formed. In the third period portion, the U-phase drive coil 22U3 and the V-phase drive coil 22V3 are formed, but the W-phase drive coil is not formed.

  If comprised in this way, each phase will be arrange | positioned with sufficient balance as the whole electric motor. Since the phases of the torque ripple and the voltage ripple are different for each electrical angle, the torque ripple and the voltage ripple cancel each other as the entire motor. Therefore, with this configuration, torque ripple and voltage ripple can be reduced.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a connection diagram showing a schematic configuration of the third embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention.

  In the third to fifth embodiments, the connection method of each drive coil of the electric motor of the second embodiment (FIG. 5) is different.

  First, in the third embodiment, a U-phase drive coil 22U2 and a U-phase drive coil 22U3 are connected in series to a U-phase AC power line. A V-phase drive coil 22V1 and a V-phase drive coil 22V3 are connected in series to the V-phase AC power line. A W-phase drive coil 22W1 and a W-phase drive coil 22W2 are connected in series to the W-phase AC power line.

  If comprised in this way, since a magnetic flux will generate | occur | produce with little electric current, a low rotation high torque type electric motor is realizable. Since the same number of drive coils are connected to the AC power lines of each phase as in this embodiment, the torque ripple and voltage ripple cancel each other out as a whole motor. Therefore, with this configuration, torque ripple and voltage ripple can be reduced.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a connection diagram showing a schematic configuration of the fourth embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention.

  In the fourth embodiment, the U-phase AC power line branches into three. The U-phase drive coil 22U2 is connected to one of the branch lines. U-phase drive coil 22U3 is connected to another branch line. The remaining branch lines are connected to a neutral point to which the V-phase drive coil 22V1 and the W-phase drive coil 22W1 are connected.

  The V-phase AC power line also branches into three. The V-phase drive coil 22V1 is connected to one of the branch lines. V-phase drive coil 22V3 is connected to another branch line. The remaining branch lines are connected to a neutral point to which the U-phase drive coil 22U2 and the W-phase drive coil 22W2 are connected.

  The W-phase AC power line also branches into three. A W-phase drive coil 22W1 is connected to one of the branch lines. W-phase drive coil 22W2 is connected to another branch line. The remaining branch lines are connected to a neutral point to which the U-phase drive coil 22U3 and the V-phase drive coil 22V3 are connected.

  If comprised in this way, an electric current will be disperse | distributed to each coil, an induced voltage will not generate | occur | produce easily, and a high rotation low torque type electric motor can be implement | achieved. Further, by connecting the drive coils in parallel for each cycle of the electrical angle as in the present embodiment, the torque ripple and the voltage ripple cancel each other as the entire motor, so that the torque ripple and the voltage ripple can be reduced.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a connection diagram showing a schematic configuration of the fifth embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention.

  In the fifth embodiment, the U-phase AC power line branches into two. The U-phase drive coil 22U2 is connected to one of the branch lines. The U-phase drive coil 22U3 is connected to the other branch line. The V-phase AC power line also branches into two. The V-phase drive coil 22V1 is connected to one of the branch lines. The V-phase drive coil 22V3 is connected to the other branch line. The W-phase AC power line also branches into two. A W-phase drive coil 22W1 is connected to one of the branch lines. W-phase drive coil 22W2 is connected to another branch line.

  The neutral point where the V-phase drive coil 22V1 and the W-phase drive coil 22W1 are connected, the neutral point where the U-phase drive coil 22U2 and the W-phase drive coil 22W2 are connected, the U-phase drive coil 22U3 and the V-phase The neutral point to which the drive coil 22V3 is connected is connected.

  In an electric motor in which the number of drive coils in each phase is arranged to be equal and coils for each electrical angle are connected in parallel, the phase is shifted for each coil.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, the phase shift can be suppressed by connecting the neutral points and opening the phase replaced by the feeding coil.

(Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a sixth embodiment of a permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 9A is a sectional view, and FIG. 9B is a connection diagram of a drive coil.

  The cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment (FIG. 9A) is basically similar to the second embodiment (FIG. 5). However, instead of the V-phase drive coil 22V1 in the first period portion of the second embodiment, a W-phase drive coil 22W2inv is arranged. W-phase drive coil 22W2inv has a winding direction opposite to that of W-phase drive coil 22W2.

  Moreover, it replaces with the W-phase drive coil 22W2 of the 2nd period part of 2nd Embodiment, and arrange | positions the U-phase drive coil 22U3inv. The U-phase drive coil 22U3inv has a winding direction opposite to that of the U-phase drive coil 22U3.

  Further, a V-phase drive coil 22V1inv is arranged instead of the U-phase drive coil 22U3 in the third period portion of the second embodiment. Note that the winding direction of the V-phase drive coil 22V1inv is opposite to that of the V-phase drive coil 22V1.

  And the connection of each drive coil is performed similarly to FIG.

  That is, the U-phase AC power line is branched into three, the U-phase drive coil 22U2 is connected to one of the branch lines, and the U-phase drive coil 22U3inv is connected to another branch line. The remaining branch lines are connected to a neutral point to which the V-phase drive coil 22V1inv and the W-phase drive coil 22W1 are connected.

  The V-phase AC power line is also branched into three lines, one of which is connected to the V-phase drive coil 22V1inv, and the other branch line is connected to the V-phase drive coil 22V3. The remaining branch lines are connected to a neutral point to which the U-phase drive coil 22U2 and the W-phase drive coil 22W2inv are connected.

  The W-phase AC power line is also branched into three, one of which is connected to the W-phase drive coil 22W1, and the other branch line is connected to the W-phase drive coil 22W2inv. The remaining branch lines are connected to a neutral point to which the U-phase drive coil 22U3inv and the V-phase drive coil 22V3 are connected.

  In an electric motor in which the number of drive coils in each phase is arranged to be equal and coils for each electrical angle are connected in parallel, the phase is shifted for each coil.

  On the other hand, as in the present embodiment, the phase is shifted in the same direction by changing the coil position and the winding direction. Since the phase is shifted in the same direction, if the phase shift is compensated at the time of control, torque cross and torque ripple and voltage ripple can be reduced.

(Seventh embodiment)
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a seventh embodiment of the permanent magnet type electric motor according to the present invention.

  In the present embodiment, a permanent magnet type electric motor 1 will be described by taking a three-phase, 12-pole, 18-slot permanent magnet type three-phase AC motor as an example.

  Since the permanent magnet type electric motor 1 of this embodiment has 12 poles, the number of pole pairs is 6. The number of pole pairs (six pole pairs) is divisible by the number of phases (three phases). And it was made not to form the drive coil of a different phase for every electrical angle 1 period (electrical angle 360 degree | times). Then, the feeding coil 23 is formed on at least one of them. As described above, the electrical angle means that the U phase, V phase, and W phase in FIG. However, in FIG. 10, the mechanical angle is every 60 degrees, which is different from FIG.

  In FIG. 10, the V-phase drive coil 22V1 and the W-phase drive coil 22W1 are formed in the first period portion, but the U-phase drive coil is not formed. A feeding coil 23 is formed instead of the U-phase driving coil. In the second period portion, the V-phase drive coil 22V2 and the W-phase drive coil 22W2 are formed, but the U-phase drive coil is not formed. In the third period portion, the U-phase drive coil 22U3 and the W-phase drive coil 22W3 are formed, but the V-phase drive coil is not formed. In the fourth period portion, the U-phase drive coil 22U4 and the V-phase drive coil 22V4 are formed, but the W-phase drive coil is not formed. In the fifth period portion, the U-phase drive coil 22U5 and the V-phase drive coil 22V5 are formed, but the W-phase drive coil is not formed. In the sixth period portion, the U-phase drive coil 22U6 and the W-phase drive coil 22W6 are formed, but the V-phase drive coil is not formed.

  When the number of pole pairs of the motor is divisible by the number of phases as in this embodiment, the phase in which the drive coil is not formed is changed for each electrical angle. With this configuration, the torque ripple and the voltage ripple are different by 360 [°] / number of phases for each electrical angle, and the torque ripple and the voltage ripple as a whole cancel each other out completely. Therefore, with this configuration, torque ripple and voltage ripple can be canceled.

  Without being limited to the embodiments described above, various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the technical idea, and it is obvious that these are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the above embodiment, a three-phase, six-pole, nine-slot permanent magnet type three-phase AC motor or a three-phase, twelve pole, eighteen-slot permanent magnet type three-phase AC motor has been described as an example. I can't. The number of phases, the number of poles, and the number of slots may be different.

  Further, it is sufficient that at least one feeding coil is configured. For example, one feeding coil may be provided in the first embodiment, or a plurality of feeding coils may be provided in the second to seventh embodiments. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Permanent magnet type motor 10 Rotor 20 Stator 21 Stator iron core 211 Teeth 22 Drive coil 23 Feeding coil 7 DC / AC converter 8 Battery 9 Power circuit

Claims (4)

In a permanent magnet type electric motor provided with a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator,
The stay data includes a plurality of teeth driving coil is wound, respectively connected to the battery via a DC-AC converter, and at least one tooth that power supply coil is wound which is connected to an AC power source , have a,
The plurality of drive coils are all connected to the AC line power line other than the specific AC phase power line of the DC / AC converter,
A permanent magnet type electric motor characterized by the above. In a permanent magnet type electric motor provided with a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator,
The stator includes a plurality of teeth each wound with a driving coil connected to a battery via a DC / AC converter, and at least one tooth wound with a power feeding coil connected to an AC power source, Have
The plurality of driving coils are not connected to a specific AC phase power line that is different for each cycle of electrical angle, but are connected to other AC phase power lines.
A permanent magnet type electric motor characterized by the above. The permanent magnet type electric motor according to claim 2 ,
The number of pole pairs of the rotor is an integral multiple of the number of AC phases of the DC / AC converter,
The plurality of driving coils are connected in equal numbers to each AC phase power line of the DC / AC converter,
A permanent magnet type electric motor characterized by the above. In the permanent magnet type electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The plurality of driving coils are connected in parallel to the power lines of each AC phase of the DC / AC converter in parallel so that the phase shift directions are unified,
A permanent magnet type electric motor characterized by the above.

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