JP3817501B2

JP3817501B2 - Power converter

Info

Publication number: JP3817501B2
Application number: JP2002234295A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 欣也中津; 敏井堀; 雅之広田; 徹中嶋
Original assignee: Hitachi Ltd; Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hitachi Ltd; Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-08-21
Filing date: 2002-08-12
Publication date: 2006-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2022-08-12
Also published as: JP2003143873A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、インバータ装置や蓄電装置などの電力変換装置に係り、特に、電力変換装置から漏れるノイズを低減するＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
インバータ装置は、誘導電動機など交流電動機の運転に広く用いられ、近年では乗物の動力源のコントローラとしても用いられるようになり、インバータ装置による可変速運転の利点が充分に享受できるようになっている。
【０００３】
図１６で示す従来のインバータ装置の制御には、従来ＰＷＭ（パルス・ワイド・モジュレーション：パルス幅変調）制御方式が採用され幅広く用いられ、ダイオード整流器からなるコンバータ部（順変換部）２と、このコンバータ部２から出力される直流電力が入力されるＰＷＭ制御方式のインバータ部（逆変換部）３、それにコンバータ部２とインバータ部３の間の直流部に接続された平滑用のコンデンサ（キャパシタ）４で構成された主回路を備えている。
【０００４】
そして、コンバータ部２に、電力源となる商用交流電力１から交流電力が入力されると、コンデンサ４で平滑化された直流電力がインバータ部３に供給され、ここで、インバータ部３の半導体スイッチング素子４０がＰＷＭ制御されることにより、直流電力が所定の電圧と所定の周波数の交流電力に変換され、この結果、誘導電動機などの負荷６に可変電圧可変周波数の電力が供給されることになる。
【０００５】
このとき、インバータ部３にある半導体スイッチング素子４０は、ドライバ回路４３を介して、計算機（コンピュータ）２８から送られるＰＷＭ信号に従いオン（導通），オフ（遮断）制御され、負荷６に対して矩形波の電圧と負荷電流を出力し、半導体スイッチング素子４０が持つ導通抵抗と負荷電流できまる導通損失とオンオフ時の過渡的な電圧電流変異の際に生じるスイッチング損失が発生する。
【０００６】
近年、前記したスイッチング損失を低減する為に半導体スイッチング素子４０の過渡応答性能の改善が進み、高速なスイッチング特性を持つＩＧＢＴ（インシュレーテッド，ゲート，バイポーラ，トランジスタ）が開発され損失の低減を実現し、装置の冷却器を小型化に貢献すると共にインバータに代表される電力変換装置の小形化を実現してきた。
【０００７】
しかし、前記した矩形波の過渡的電圧変化が急峻となると、代表的な負荷６である交流電動機からインバータ装置間を接続する電力ケーブルの漏れ容量７（対地間容量）や、交流電動機の巻線の漏れ容量７（対地間容量）を漏れて流れる電流(以下、漏れ電流と呼ぶ)が増加し、特に時間に対する電圧の変化の割合に比例して漏れ電流８のピーク値が上昇し、さらに電力配線の寄生インダクタンス５０等と高周波で共振し、前記漏れ電流８がインバータ部３やコンバータ部２を通り抜け商用交流電力１にまで流れ込み、他の機器に誤動作などの悪影響を与えたり、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波が他の機器に入り込んだり、装置近隣のテレビやラジオアンテナに対して放射ノイズ撒き散らすなどの問題が生じている。
【０００８】
ここまで、従来技術の一例として、ダイオード整流器からなるコンバータ部（順変換部）２を用いた電力変換装置を取り上げたが、バッテリー等の蓄電部１４（蓄電池）が出力する直流電力をインバータ部３に供給して成る電力変換装置でも前記と同様インバータ部３の半導体スイッチング素子４０がＰＷＭ制御されることにより、直流電力が所定の電圧と所定の周波数の交流電力に変換され、この結果、乗物の動力源，冷却装置の冷却ファン，冷却水の循環用ポンプ駆動電動機，油圧機具向け油圧ポンプ駆動電動機，エアコン用コンプレッサー駆動電動機などの負荷６に可変電圧可変周波数の電力が供給され、前記した放射ノイズを出すことは言うまでもない。
【０００９】
ここで、ノイズの原因となる漏れ電流８を流さないように図１６に示すような電力ラインに接続された受動素子であるコモンモードトランス９と電力ラインと対地を接続するＸ結線及びＹ型結線用のコンデンサ１０で構成されたラインフィルタ５を電力変換装置の入力電力ラインへ負荷６や電源に対し直列に挿入することで、高周波の漏れ電流８をコモンモードトランス９により遮断し、遮断された漏れ電流８がＹ型結線コンデンサ１０に流れ対地に帰還することから、入力電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少でき、他の機器に誤動作などの悪影響を与えたり、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減でき、他の機器に入り込むといった問題を解決してきた。
【００１０】
さらに、ラインフィルタ５を小形化する為、特開平６−２２４０４５号公報に記載のＬＣ複合素子１５を用いたラインフィルタ５が提案され、図１７に示すようなコンデンサの陽極１６と陰極１７電極をフェライト等の棒状磁性体１９を芯として同心円上に巻き付け、前記陽極１６及び陰極１７電極でＬＣ複合素子１５を形成し、形成されたＬＣ複合素子１５がその巻廻し方からコモンモードトランスとして動作し、前記陽極１６及び陰極１７電極と対地間にＸ結線及びＹ型結線用のコンデンサ１０を作り込む為の第３及び第４の電極を前記陽極１６及び陰極１７電極と共に巻廻しラインフィルタ５を構成し、小形で高性能なラインフィルタ５を実現し入力電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少でき、他の機器に誤動作などの悪影響を与えたり、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減でき、他の機器に入り込むといった問題を解決してきた。
【００１１】
一方、漏れ電流８をダンピングする為、漏れ電流８の流れる経路にダンピングする為の抵抗１３を挿入するといった手法が開発され、電気学会平成７年度産業応用部門全国大会Ｎｏ９３「コモンモードトランスを用いた高周波漏れ電流抑制効果と設計法」で報告され、電力ラインに直列に挿入されたコモンモードトランス９に新たに零相コイル２６となる同相の巻線を付加し（以下、同相の巻線を付加したコモンモードトランスをＣＭＴと呼ぶ。）、電力ラインに流れる漏れ電流８がコモンモードトランス９のコア部に作り出す磁束を新たに付加した零相コイル２６に鎖交させ、漏れ電流８の持つエネルギーを新たに付加した零相コイル２６に伝え、零相コイル２６の出力を抵抗１３で短絡することで、漏れ電流８が抵抗１３を流れることになり、コモンモード電流つまり漏れ電流８が抵抗１３を流れることで漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少でき、他の機器に誤動作などの悪影響を与えたり、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減でき、他の機器に入り込むといった問題を解決してきた。
【００１２】
さらに特開２０００−６０１０７では、前記した電気学会平成７年度産業応用部門全国大会Ｎｏ９３「コモンモードトランスを用いた高周波漏れ電流抑制効果と設計法」で報告されたＣＭＴを電力変換機の電力の入力段であるコンバータ部と、負荷へ電力を供給する出力段となるインバータ部の間に平滑用のコンデンサと並列に且つ、前記コンバータ部と前記インバータ部に直列に挿入することで、コモンモード電流つまり漏れ電流８が抵抗１３を流れることで漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少でき、他の機器に誤動作などの悪影響を与えたり、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減でき、他の機器に入り込むといった問題を解決してきている。
【００１３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来技術は、電力ラインに接続されたコモンモードトランス９と電力ラインと対地を接続するコンデンサ１０で構成されたラインフィルタ５を用いてノイズの原因となる漏れ電流８の流れを抑制して対策しているが、特にラインフィルタ５に用いるコモンモードトランス９には数ｍＨなど比較的大きな値のインダクタンス特性が必要であり、各相ごとに大きな磁性体コアに複数回電線を精度良く巻廻し、さらに巻廻した電線に負荷電流を流すため比較的直径の大きな電線が必要となることから、コモンモードトランス９のサイズが大きくなりラインフィルタ５のサイズも大きくなることから、出力数ｋＷの電力変換装置の場合、電力変換装置と同サイズにまでラインフィルタ５が大型化し、電力変換装置と別ケースでラインフィルタ５を構成せざるをえず、電力変換システムの大型化とラインフィルタ５のコストが高い問題がある。
【００１４】
さらに、従来のＬＣ複合素子１５を用いたラインフィルタ５では、パッシブ回路として動作する為、漏れ電流８を遮断する為のインダクタンス値を大きくする必要があり、コモンモードトランス９を構成している電極の巻廻しの回数を増やし作られるインダクタンスを大きくするか、芯となるフェライト等の磁性体を太くして構成されるインダクタンスを大きくする必要があり、電極間に挟み込む絶縁紙の厚さも加わり、サイズを小形化することが困難であった。
【００１５】
また、ラインフィルタ５やＣＭＴ１１の回路定数は、電力変換装置の実装条件が安全規格等で決められた範囲内で漏れ電流８に対してその低減効果が出るように決められており、当然、実装条件の一つである電力変換装置と負荷を接続する電力ケーブルの長さや漏れ容量７の特性を異なる値、例えば電力ケーブルの長さを所定値よりも長くすると所定の漏れ電流８の低減特性が得られなくなったり、特にラインフィルタ５では電力変換装置内で用いる半導体スイッチング素子４０の特性や半導体スイッチング素子４０のドライブ回路４３が変わると、半導体スイッチング素子４０の過渡的な出力電圧特性が異なり、当然漏れ電流８の波形が変化し、漏れ電流８の中に含まれる周波数成分が異なることからラインフィルタ５での所定のノイズ低減特性が得られなくなる問題があった。
【００１６】
本発明の目的は、小形のコモンモードトランス９を用いて、漏れ電流８を低減すると共に電力変換装置の実装条件や半導体スイッチング素子４０の特性が変化しても所定の漏れ電流低減効果を発揮できるラインフィルタ５を電力変換装置内に内蔵し、低ノイズで小形で低コストな電力変換装置を提供することにある。
【００１７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的は、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４を接続している電力配線に平滑用のコンデンサ４としてＬＣ複合素子１５が接続された電力変換装置において、ＬＣ複合素子１５の陽極１６と陰極１７が少なくとも誘電率が空気よりも大きな絶縁紙１８もしくは電解液を浸した絶縁紙１８に固着され、陽極１６と陰極１７を少なくとも絶縁紙１８の幅より長いフェライト等の棒状磁性体１９に重ねて巻廻しコンデンサを構成させると共に陽極１６と陰極１７のそれぞれ両端より電気的に外部と接続する接続電極２０を固着し、両端が開口した円筒形ケース２１内にコンデンサを内蔵し、樹脂等で作られた封止板２２を円筒形ケース２１内の両端へ固着すると共に接続電極２０と棒状磁性体１９を円筒形ケース２１の外に出す為の穴を封止板２２に設け、円筒形ケース２１外側にコの字状の磁性体２３を棒状磁性体１９の両端を繋ぐように配置し、トロイダル状の磁気回路を構成させ、前記コの字状の磁性体２３を円筒形ケース２１側面に治具２４を用いて固着させ、前記コの字状の磁性体２３に零相コイル２６となる第３のコイルを巻き付け、零相コイル２６の出力を所定の抵抗１３で短絡したことにより、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４間を流れるコモンモードの漏れ電流経路に抵抗１３を挿入でき、コモンモード電流つまり漏れ電流８が抵抗１３を流れることで漏れ電流８をダンピングし、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８を大幅に減少し、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減でき、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響をも低減し、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００１８】
同じく上記目的は、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４を接続している電力配線に平滑用のコンデンサ４としてＬＣ複合素子１５が接続された電力変換装置において、ＬＣ複合素子１５の陽極１６と陰極１７が少なくとも誘電率が空気よりも大きな絶縁紙１８もしくは電解液を浸した絶縁紙１８に固着され、陽極１６と陰極１７を少なくとも絶縁紙１８の幅より長いフェライト等の棒状磁性体１９に重ねて巻廻しコンデンサを構成させると共に陽極１６と陰極１７のそれぞれ両端より電気的に外部と接続する接続電極２０を固着し、両端が開口した円筒形ケース２１内にコンデンサを内蔵し、樹脂等で作られた封止板２２を円筒形ケース２１内の両端へ固着すると共に接続電極２０と棒状磁性体１９を円筒形ケース２１の外に出す為の穴を封止板２２に設け、円筒形ケース２１外側にコの字状の磁性体２３を棒状磁性体１９の両端を繋ぐように配置し、トロイダル状の磁気回路を構成させ、前記コの字状の磁性体２３を円筒形ケース２１側面に治具２４を用いて固着させ、前記コの字状の磁性体２３に零相コイル２６となる第３のコイルを巻き付け、零相コイル２６の出力を可変抵抗器２７で短絡し、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４間を流れるコモンモードの漏れ電流経路に可変抵抗器２７が挿入でき、計算機２８を用いて可変抵抗器２７の抵抗値を複数回変えると共に各回毎に可変抵抗器２７の両端の電圧を測り、検出した可変抵抗器２７の電圧を用いてコモンモードの漏れ電流８が最小になる可変抵抗器２７の抵抗値を計算機２８で算出し、算出結果をもとに再度可変抵抗器２７の抵抗値を計算機２８から制御し所定の値に設定することで、漏れ電流８を最小にできる抵抗１３を用いて漏れ電流８のダンピングが可能になり、電力変換装置及び負荷６の実装状態に関わらず電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８を大幅に減少でき、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減し、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響を低減でき、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００１９】
上記目的は、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４を接続している電力配線に平滑用のコンデンサ４として第１のＬＣ複合素子３３を直流電力プラス側，第２のＬＣ複合素子３４を直流電力マイナス側として直列に接続された電力変換装置において、第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陽極３５と陰極３６が少なくとも誘電率が空気よりも大きな絶縁紙１８もしくは電解液を浸した絶縁紙１８に固着され、陽極３５と陰極３６を少なくとも絶縁紙１８の幅より長いフェライト等の棒状磁性体１９に例えば陽極３５を上側に重ねて巻廻しコンデンサを構成させると共に陽極３５と陰極３６のそれぞれ両端より電気的に外部と接続する接続電極２０を固着し、両端が開口した円筒形ケース２１内にコンデンサを内蔵し、樹脂等で作られた封止板２２を円筒形ケース２１内の両端へ固着すると共に接続電極２０と棒状磁性体１９を円筒形ケース２１の外に出す為の穴を封止板２２に設け、第２のＬＣ複合素子３４の電極を第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の電極の重ね方と逆に陰極３８を上側に重ねて巻廻し構成し、第１及び第２のＬＣ複合素子の各棒状磁性体を円筒形ケース外側に用意した接続用磁性体で接続し、トロイダル状の磁気回路を構成させ、前記第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陰極３６と第２のＬＣ複合素子３４の陽極３７を接続することで第１及び第２のＬＣ複合素子を直列接続し、前記円筒形ケース外側に用意した接続用磁性体に零相コイル２６を巻き付け、零相コイル２６の出力を所定の抵抗１３で短絡したことにより、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４間を流れるコモンモードの漏れ電流経路に抵抗１３を挿入でき、コモンモード電流つまり漏れ電流８が抵抗１３を流れることで漏れ電流８をダンピングし、さらにＬＣ複合素子を直列に接続する際、第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陽極３５と陰極３６の重ね順と逆にした第２のＬＣ複合素子３４を用いて直列接続のＬＣ複合素子を構成したことで、直流電力プラス側電位となる第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陽極３５と直流電力マイナス側電位となる第２のＬＣ複合素子３４の陰極３８部の棒状磁性体１９に対する位置を対象にできることから、電極位置のズレによる誤差磁束を低減でき高精度なコモンモードトランス９を構成できることから誤検出したコモンモード電流（漏れ電流）で抵抗１３の発熱や破壊を防ぐことができ、電力変換装置や負荷６の漏れ容量７からの漏れ電流８だけを零相コイル２６に誘導できることから、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少し、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減し、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響を低減でき、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングでき、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明による電力変換装置について、図示の実施形態により詳細に説明する。
【００２１】
図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子の断面の一例であり、図２は図１で示したＬＣ複合素子の側面図であり、図３は実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の構成の一例である。一般的な電力変換装置の構成は、図１６で示すように商用交流電力１を整流するダイオード整流器からなるコンバータ部２と、このコンバータ部２から出力される直流電力が入力されるＰＷＭ制御方式のインバータ部３、それにコンバータ部２とインバータ部３の間の直流部に接続された平滑用のコンデンサ４で構成された主回路を備えている。
【００２２】
一般的に用いられている電力変換装置のラインフィルタ５は、前記コンバータ部２の商用交流電力１側に接続され、負荷６である交流電動機や交流電動機への電力配線が持つアース間の漏れ容量７から流れ出る漏れ電流８を商用交流電力１側に伝えないように高周波特性に優れたチョークコイルで高周波ラインインピータンスを高め漏れ電流８の通過を阻止し、アースに片側が接続され反対側が電力配線に接続された周波数応答に優れたＹ型結線コンデンサ１０を通して漏れ電流８をアースに流し込む構成とし、商用交流電力１への漏れ電流８の流出を防いでいる。
【００２３】
また従来のＣＭＴ１１は、３相インバータの出力電流であるＩＵ，ＩＶ，ＩＷを全て足し合わせると零になるようにＰＷＭ制御された前記インバータ部３と負荷６間の電力配線に直列に配置され、トロイダルコアに同位相で電力線を３本及び零相コイル２６含めた４本を巻廻し、零相コイル２６の出力を抵抗１３で短絡し構成され、すると各相を流れる負荷電流が磁束を作り、それら磁束がトロイダルコア内の磁気回路内で合成されるが、ＩＵ，ＩＶ，ＩＷで作られる磁束の和は当然零となり、磁気回路内に残る磁束は漏れ電流８による成分だけとなり、零相コイル２６に漏れ電流８による磁束が誘起され、零相コイル２６の出力を短絡している抵抗１３に漏れ電流８が流れ、つまり漏れ電流８の流れる経路に抵抗１３が直列に挿入されたことと等しく、漏れ電流８を抵抗１３にてダンピングする効果が得られる。
【００２４】
図１，図２及び図３に示した実施形態が、図１６及び図１７の従来技術と異なる点は、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４を接続している電力配線に平滑用のコンデンサ４としてＬＣ複合素子１５を用いた電力変換装置において、図４に示すように陽極１６と陰極１７が少なくとも誘電率が空気よりも大きな絶縁紙１８もしくは電解液を浸した絶縁紙１８に固着され、図５に示すように陽極１６と陰極１７を少なくとも絶縁紙１８の幅より長いフェライト等の棒状磁性体１９に重ねて巻廻しコンデンサを構成させると共に陽極１６と陰極１７のそれぞれ両端より電気的に外部と接続する接続電極２０を固着し、図１に示す両端が開口した円筒形ケース２１内にコンデンサを内蔵し、樹脂等で作られた封止板２２を円筒形ケース２１内の両端へ固着すると共に接続電極２０と棒状磁性体１９を円筒形ケース２１の外に出す為の穴を封止板２２に設け、円筒形ケース２１外側にコの字状の磁性体２３を棒状磁性体１９の両端に近接するように配置し、トロイダル状の磁気回路を構成させ、前記コの字状の磁性体２３を円筒形ケース２１側面に治具２４を用いて固着させ、前記コの字状の磁性体２３にボビン２５を取付け零相コイル２６となる第３のコイルを巻き付け、前記ボビン２５をＬＣ複合素子１５の一部で固定し、零相コイル２６の出力を所定の抵抗１３で短絡したことにより、図６に示すようにインバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４間を流れるコモンモードの漏れ電流経路に抵抗１３が挿入でき、抵抗１３に漏れ電流８が流れることから漏れ電流８をダンピングできる点であり、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少し、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減し、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響を低減でき、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００２５】
図７は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の一例で、この実施形態が、図１で説明した実施形態と異なる点は、前記コの字状の磁性体２３にボビン２５を取付け零相コイル２６となる第３のコイルを巻き付け、前記ボビン２５をＬＣ複合素子１５の一部で固定し、零相コイル２６の出力を可変抵抗器２７で短絡し、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４間を流れるコモンモードの漏れ電流経路に可変抵抗器２７を挿入し、例えば図８に示すようなフローチャートに従い計算機２８を用いて可変抵抗器２７の抵抗値を複数回変えると共に各回毎に可変抵抗器２７の両端の電圧を測定し、測定では抵抗両端の電圧を半波整流回路２９で整流した後、ピークホールド回路３０もしくはサンプル＆ホールド回路でホールドし、Ａ／Ｄ変換機３１に入力しデジタル量に電圧を変換し、検出した電圧を用いてコモンモードの漏れ電流８が最小になる可変抵抗器２７の抵抗値を計算機で算出し、算出結果をもとに再度可変抵抗器２７の抵抗値を計算機２８から抵抗コントローラ３２を制御し所定の値に設定することで、漏れ電流８を最小にできる抵抗１３を用い漏れ電流８のダンピングを可能にした点である。これによって、電力変換装置及び負荷６の実装状態に関わらず、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少し、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減し、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響を低減でき、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００２６】
図９は、本発明の第３の実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子の断面の一例であり、図１０は図９で示したＬＣ複合素子１５の側面図であり、図１１は実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子１５を用いた電力変換装置の構成の一例である。図１及び図７で説明した実施形態と異なる点は、図１１に示すようにインバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４を接続している電力配線に平滑用のコンデンサ４として第１のＬＣ複合素子３３を直流電力プラス側，第２のＬＣ複合素子３４を直流電力マイナス側として直列に接続された電力変換装置において、図５同様に第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陽極３５と陰極３６が少なくとも誘電率が空気よりも大きな絶縁紙１８もしくは電解液を浸した絶縁紙１８に固着され、陽極１６と陰極１７を少なくとも絶縁紙１８の幅より長いフェライト等の棒状磁性体１９に例えば陽極３５を上側に重ねて巻廻しコンデンサを構成させると共に陽極３５と陰極３６のそれぞれ両端より電気的に外部と接続する接続電極２０を固着し、両端が開口した円筒形ケース２１内にコンデンサを内蔵し、樹脂等で作られた封止板２２を円筒形ケース２１内の両端へ固着すると共に接続電極２０と棒状磁性体１９を円筒形ケース２１の外に出す為の穴を封止板２２に設け、第２のＬＣ複合素子３４の陽極３７と陰極３８を第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陽極３５と陰極３６の重ね方と逆に陰極３８を上側に重ねて巻廻して構成し、第１及び第２のＬＣ複合素子の各棒状磁性体１９を円筒形ケース２１外側に用意した２個の接続用磁性体３９で接続し、トロイダル状の磁気回路を構成させ、前記第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陰極３６と第２のＬＣ複合素子３４の陽極３７を接続することで第１及び第２のＬＣ複合素子を直列接続し、前記円筒形ケース２１外側に用意した２個の接続用磁性体３９の何れかにボビン２５を取付け零相コイル２６となる第３のコイルを巻き付け、前記ボビン２５をＬＣ複合素子１５の一部で固定し、零相コイル２６の出力を所定の抵抗１３で短絡した点であり、インバータ部３とコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４間を流れるコモンモードの漏れ電流経路に抵抗１３を挿入でき、抵抗１３に漏れ電流が流れることから漏れ電流８をダンピングでき、さらにＬＣ複合素子１５を直列に接続する際、第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陽極３５と陰極３６の重ね順と逆にした第２のＬＣ複合素子３４を用いて直列接続のＬＣ複合素子１５を構成したことで、直流電力プラス側電位となる第１のＬＣ複合素子３３の陽極３５と直流電力マイナス側電位となる第２のＬＣ複合素子３４の陰極３８の棒状磁性体１９に対する位置を対象にでき、電極位置のズレによる誤差磁束を低減でき高精度なコモンモードトランスを構成し、誤検出したコモンモード電流（漏れ電流）で抵抗１３の発熱や破壊を防ぐことができ、電力変換装置や負荷６の漏れ容量７からの漏れ電流８だけを零相コイル２６に誘導できる構成となることから、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少し、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減し、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響を低減でき、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００２７】
図１２は、本発明の第４の実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の一例で、この実施形態が、図１及び図７で説明した実施形態と異なる点は、直流電力ラインに接続された前記ＬＣ複合素子１５の陽極１６及び陰極１７のインバータ部３側もしくはコンバータ部２及び蓄電部１４側電極に、ＬＣ複合素子１５と並列となるように一般的な平滑用のコンデンサ４を接続した点であり、零相コイル２６となる第３のコイルの出力を抵抗１３もしくは可変抵抗器２７で短絡し、抵抗１３もしくは可変抵抗器２７を漏れ電流経路に挿入し、漏れ電流８が最小になる様に抵抗値に設定することで、漏れ電流８のダンピングが可能になると共に、平滑用のコンデンサ４をＬＣ複合素子１５に並列接続したことから平滑用コンデンサの容量を容易に増大させながらも、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少し、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減し、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響を低減でき、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００２８】
図１３は、本発明の第５の実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の一例で、この実施形態が、前記実施形態と異なる点は、図１３に示すようにアルミダイキャスト等で作られた電力変換装置の外形ケース１２内にインバータ部３とコンバータ部２用の半導体スイッチング素子４０が内蔵されたパワーモジュール４１を配置し、パワーモジュール４１の冷却器４２が電力変換装置の外形ケース１２にネジ等により固着され、パワーモジュール４１の上部にＬＣ複合素子１５，端子台５３，パワー半導体をコントロールするドライブ回路４３，ＰＷＭ制御を行う計算機２８，電力変換装置の上位コントローラからの信号を計算機２８に伝える通信回路４５や電源回路４６が実装された制御基板４７を配置すると共に前記パワーモジュール４１の電極と半田等を用いて接続し電力変換装置を構成し、電力変換装置の外形ケース１２と負荷６である交流電動機の外形ケース４４を一体化した点であり、一体化に当ってはネジやボルトで組み合わせてもよいが一体成形にて構成しても良く、このように負荷６である交流電動機と電力変換装置を近接させると漏れ電流８を作り出すインバータ部３と負荷６を接続する出力電力配線の長さが全ての実装条件で一定に保たれることから、実装条件の変化で生じる漏れ電流８の変化も無くなり、漏れ電流８を最小にする為の零相コイル２６の短絡抵抗１３も一意的に交流電動機の漏れ容量７から決められることから、漏れ電流８のダンピング効果を精度良く実現し、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少し、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減し、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響を低減でき、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００２９】
図１８は、本発明の第６の実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の一例で、この実施形態が、図１及び図２で説明した実施形態と異なる点は、直流電力ラインに接続された前記ＬＣ複合素子１５の各電極を扁平に巻き回し、巻き回し軸に垂直な断面を楕円状とした点であり、さらに巻き回した電極中心部に挿入する磁性体をトロイダル状とし磁気回路を構成すると共に、この磁性体の前記電極の巻き回し軸に垂直な断面を楕円状もしくは表方形とした点であり、この様にするとトロイダル状に形成した磁気回路の実効磁路長を大きく増加させること無く、前記棒状磁性体１９の磁路の実効断面積を大幅に増加させることができることから、ＣＭＴの励磁インダクタンスを増加させることができ、零相コイル２６と抵抗１３もしくは可変抵抗器２７の漏れ電流８へのダンピング効果を向上でき、電力ラインに流れていた漏れ電流８が大幅に減少し、商用交流電力１を介して他の機器に流れ込む漏れ電流８を低減し、他の機器への誤動作などの悪影響を低減でき、漏れ電流８と漏れ電流経路の配線電圧によって作り出される電磁波を低減できることから、新たにコモンモードトランス９を内蔵したラインフィルタ５を用いずに漏れ電流８をダンピングできることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００３０】
図１９は、本発明の第７の実施形態に係るＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の一例で、この実施形態が、前記実施例で説明した実施形態と異なる点は、ＬＣ複合素子の各陽極及び陰極１６，１７の表面に生成される凹凸粗さが異なる領域を設け、前記領域を各陽極及び陰極に各２個接続された接続電極２０を結ぶ様に帯状に設けた点であり、これにより表面の凹凸の粗さが少ない領域１６Ａの電気抵抗が低下し発熱を抑えることができ、ＬＣ複合素子の内部発熱を低減でき、一方表面の凹凸粗さが大きい領域１６Ｂでは電気容量を増加することが可能となりＬＣ複合素子の容量を増加させることができ、低発熱で高容量のＬＣ複合素子を構成できることから、電力変換装置の低ノイズ化と共に低損失及び高い変換効率が達成される。
【００３１】
当然だが、図１４に示す様な太陽電池５１と電力変換装置で構成される太陽光発電システムの電源系統連係用電力変換装置５２や、図１５で示す内燃機関４８と負荷６の電動機を動力源とし、蓄電部１４から供給される直流電力をＬＣ複合素子１５を介してインバータ部３に接続しミッション４９を通して内燃機関４８と負荷６の電動機の力をタイヤに伝えて移動する乗物及び乗物に搭載される全てのインバータ装置や、さらに家庭用及び業務用のエアコンに用いるコンプレッサやファン用電動機駆動のインバータ装置や洗濯機の洗濯層を回す電動機や掃除機の吸い込みファンの電動機や電気調理機の磁界生成用インダクタンス駆動用電力変換装置等にも前記した実施例の電力変換装置が適用でき低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される。
【００３２】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、コンデンサの陽極１６と陰極１７を棒状磁性体１９に巻廻し、陽極１６及び陰極１７の両端からそれぞれ接続電極２０を引出し、棒状磁性体１９の両端を繋ぐように接続用磁性体３９を用い磁気回路を構成し、磁気回路と鎖交する第３のコイルを持つＬＣ複合素子１５を用いて低ノイズ化と共に小形化と低コスト化が達成される電力変換装置を提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明によるＬＣ複合素子の第１の実施形態を示す断面図。
【図２】図１の実施形態のＬＣ複合素子の側面図。
【図３】図１の実施形態のＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の構成図。
【図４】図１の実施形態のＬＣ複合素子内部電極の展開図。
【図５】図１の実施形態のＬＣ複合素子内部電極の構成図。
【図６】図１の実施形態のＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の漏れ電流経路の簡易等価回路。
【図７】本発明によるＬＣ複合素子の第２の実施形態及び実施形態のＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の構成図。
【図８】図７の実施形態の電力変換装置おける漏れ電流の最小化のフローチャート。
【図９】本発明によるＬＣ複合素子の第３の実施形態を示す断面図。
【図１０】図９の第３の実施形態を示す側面図。
【図１１】図９で示した第３の実施形態のＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の主回路結線図。
【図１２】本発明による第４の実施形態を示すＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の主回路結線図。
【図１３】本発明による第５の実施形態を示すＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の構成図。
【図１４】本発明によるＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の構成図。
【図１５】本発明によるＬＣ複合素子を用いた電力変換装置の構成図。
【図１６】従来のラインフィルタとＣＭＴを用いた電力変換装置の構成図。
【図１７】従来のＬＣ複合素子の構成と等価回路。
【図１８】本発明によるＬＣ複合素子の側面図。
【図１９】ＬＣ複合素子内部電極の展開図。
【符号の説明】
１…商用交流電力、２…コンバータ部、３…インバータ部、４…平滑用のコンデンサ、５…ラインフィルタ、６…負荷、７…漏れ容量、８…漏れ電流、９…コモンモードトランス、１０…接地用のＹ型結線コンデンサ、１１…ＣＭＴ（零相コイル付きコモンモードトランス）、１２…電力変換装置の外形ケース、１３…抵抗、１４…蓄電部、１５…ＬＣ複合素子、１６…陽極、１６Ａ…電極表面凹凸が密な面、１６Ｂ…電極表面凹凸が粗の面、１７…陰極、１８…絶縁紙、１９…棒状磁性体、２０…接続電極、２１…円筒形ケース、２２…封止板、２３…コの字状の磁性体、２４…治具、２５…ボビン、２６…零相コイル、２７…可変抵抗器、２８…計算機、２９…半波整流回路、３０…ピークホールド回路、３１…Ａ／Ｄ変換機、３２…抵抗コントローラ、３３…第１のＬＣ複合素子、３４…第２のＬＣ複合素子、３５…第１のＬＣ複合素子の陽極、３６…第１のＬＣ複合素子の陰極、３７…第２のＬＣ複合素子の陽極、３８…第２のＬＣ複合素子の陰極、３９…接続用磁性体、４０…半導体スイッチング素子、４１…パワーモジュール、４２…パワーモジュールの冷却器、４３…ドライブ回路、４４…交流電動機の外形ケース、４５…通信回路、４６…電源回路、４７…制御基板、４８…内燃機関、４９…ミッション、５０…寄生インダクタンス、５１…太陽電池、５２…電源系統連係用電力変換装置、５３…端子台。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a power conversion device such as an inverter device or a power storage device, and more particularly to a power conversion device using an LC composite element that reduces noise leaking from the power conversion device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Inverter devices are widely used in the operation of AC motors such as induction motors, and in recent years, they have also been used as controllers for vehicle power sources, so that the advantages of variable speed operation by inverter devices can be fully enjoyed. .
[0003]
For the control of the conventional inverter device shown in FIG. 16, a conventional PWM (Pulse Wide Modulation) control method is adopted and widely used, and a converter unit (forward conversion unit) 2 composed of a diode rectifier, PWM control type inverter unit (inverse conversion unit) 3 to which DC power output from the converter unit 2 is input, and a smoothing capacitor (capacitor) connected to the DC unit between the converter unit 2 and the inverter unit 3 4 is provided.
[0004]
When AC power is input from the commercial AC power 1 serving as a power source to the converter unit 2, DC power smoothed by the capacitor 4 is supplied to the inverter unit 3. Here, the semiconductor switching of the inverter unit 3 is performed. As the element 40 is PWM controlled, the DC power is converted into AC power having a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency, and as a result, power of variable voltage and variable frequency is supplied to the load 6 such as an induction motor. .
[0005]
At this time, the semiconductor switching element 40 in the inverter unit 3 is controlled to be on (conductive) and off (cut off) in accordance with the PWM signal sent from the computer (computer) 28 via the driver circuit 43, and is rectangular with respect to the load 6. A wave voltage and a load current are output, and a conduction loss generated by the semiconductor switching element 40 and a load current generated by the load current, and a switching loss that occurs during a transient voltage / current variation at the time of on / off are generated.
[0006]
In recent years, in order to reduce the switching loss, the transient response performance of the semiconductor switching element 40 has been improved, and an IGBT (insulated, gate, bipolar, transistor) having a high-speed switching characteristic has been developed to reduce the loss. In addition, the cooler of the apparatus has been contributed to downsizing and the power converter represented by an inverter has been downsized.
[0007]
However, when the transient voltage change of the rectangular wave described above becomes steep, the leakage capacity 7 (capacity to ground) of the power cable that connects the inverter motor to the AC motor, which is a typical load 6, or the winding of the AC motor Current flowing through the leakage capacity 7 (ground-to-ground capacity) increases (hereinafter referred to as leakage current), and the peak value of leakage current 8 rises in proportion to the rate of change of voltage with respect to time. The leakage current 8 resonates with the parasitic inductance 50 of the wiring at a high frequency, flows through the inverter unit 3 and the converter unit 2 to the commercial AC power 1, and adversely affects other devices such as malfunctions. Problems such as electromagnetic waves generated by the wiring voltage in the leakage current path enter other devices, or radiate noise to the TV or radio antenna near the device. There.
[0008]
Up to this point, as an example of the prior art, a power conversion device using a converter unit (forward conversion unit) 2 composed of a diode rectifier has been taken up. However, the DC power output from the power storage unit 14 (storage battery) such as a battery is used as the inverter unit 3. In the power conversion device supplied to the inverter, the DC power is converted into AC power having a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency by PWM control of the semiconductor switching element 40 of the inverter unit 3 as described above. Power of variable voltage and variable frequency is supplied to a load 6 such as a power source, a cooling fan for a cooling device, a pump drive motor for circulating cooling water, a hydraulic pump drive motor for hydraulic equipment, a compressor drive motor for an air conditioner, etc. Needless to say.
[0009]
Here, the common mode transformer 9 which is a passive element connected to the power line as shown in FIG. 16 and the X line and the Y type connection for connecting the power line and the ground so as not to cause the leakage current 8 causing noise. The high frequency leakage current 8 is cut off by the common mode transformer 9 by inserting the line filter 5 composed of the capacitor 10 for the power supply into the input power line of the power converter in series with the load 6 and the power source. Since the leakage current 8 flows to the Y-type connection capacitor 10 and returns to the ground, the leakage current 8 flowing through the input power line can be greatly reduced, and other devices can be adversely affected, such as malfunctions. The electromagnetic wave produced by the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced, and the problem of entering into other devices has been solved.
[0010]
Furthermore, in order to reduce the size of the line filter 5, a line filter 5 using the LC composite element 15 described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-224045 has been proposed, and the anode 16 and cathode 17 electrodes of the capacitor as shown in FIG. A rod-shaped magnetic body 19 such as ferrite is wound around a concentric circle, and the LC composite element 15 is formed by the anode 16 and the cathode 17 electrode. The formed LC composite element 15 operates as a common mode transformer from the winding manner. A line filter 5 is formed by winding the third and fourth electrodes together with the anode 16 and the cathode 17 electrode for forming the capacitor 10 for the X connection and the Y connection between the anode 16 and the cathode 17 and the ground. In addition, the small and high-performance line filter 5 can be realized, and the leakage current 8 flowing in the input power line can be greatly reduced, which can cause other devices to malfunction. Or give, it is possible to reduce the electromagnetic waves produced by the wiring voltage of the leakage current path and the leakage current 8, has solved the problem of entering the other equipment.
[0011]
On the other hand, in order to dampen the leakage current 8, a technique of inserting a resistor 13 to dampen the path through which the leakage current 8 flows was developed, and the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan National Conference No.93 “Common Mode Transformer was used. The common-mode transformer 9 inserted in series in the power line was newly added with the same-phase winding as the zero-phase coil 26 (hereinafter referred to as the same-phase winding). The common mode transformer is referred to as CMT.), And the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line is linked to the newly added zero-phase coil 26 with the magnetic flux created in the core of the common mode transformer 9, and the energy of the leakage current 8 is obtained. By transmitting to the newly added zero-phase coil 26 and short-circuiting the output of the zero-phase coil 26 with the resistor 13, the leakage current 8 flows through the resistor 13. Since the leakage current 8 can be damped by causing the common mode current, that is, the leakage current 8 to flow through the resistor 13, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line can be greatly reduced, and other devices can be adversely affected such as malfunction. The electromagnetic wave produced by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced, and the problem of entering into other devices has been solved.
[0012]
Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-60107, the CMT reported in the National Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 2007 No. 93 “High Frequency Leakage Current Suppression Effect and Design Method Using Common Mode Transformer” is used to input power to the power converter. By inserting the converter unit and the inverter unit in parallel between the converter unit that is a stage and the inverter unit that is an output stage that supplies power to the load, in parallel with the converter unit and the inverter unit, that is, Since the leakage current 8 can be damped by the leakage current 8 flowing through the resistor 13, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line can be significantly reduced, and other devices can be adversely affected, such as malfunctions. Electromagnetic waves generated by the wiring voltage in the current path can be reduced, and problems such as entering other devices have been solved.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above prior art uses a line filter 5 composed of a common mode transformer 9 connected to the power line and a capacitor 10 that connects the power line and the ground to suppress the flow of leakage current 8 that causes noise. However, in particular, the common mode transformer 9 used for the line filter 5 needs a relatively large inductance characteristic such as several mH, and each wire is wound around a large magnetic core with a high accuracy with a high accuracy. Furthermore, since a relatively large-diameter wire is required to pass a load current through the wound wire, the size of the common mode transformer 9 and the size of the line filter 5 become large. In the case of a device, the line filter 5 is enlarged to the same size as the power converter, and the line filter 5 is installed in a separate case from the power converter. Do what forced to pictorial, size and cost of the line filter 5 of the power conversion system is highly problematic.
[0014]
Further, since the line filter 5 using the conventional LC composite element 15 operates as a passive circuit, it is necessary to increase the inductance value for blocking the leakage current 8, and the electrodes constituting the common mode transformer 9 It is necessary to increase the number of windings to increase the inductance that is made, or increase the inductance that is formed by thickening the magnetic material such as ferrite as the core, and the thickness of the insulating paper sandwiched between the electrodes is also added, the size It was difficult to reduce the size.
[0015]
In addition, the circuit constants of the line filter 5 and the CMT 11 are determined so that the effect of reducing the leakage current 8 is obtained within the range in which the mounting conditions of the power converter are determined by safety standards and the like. If the length of the power cable connecting the load and the load, which is one of the conditions, and the characteristics of the leakage capacity 7 are different from each other, for example, if the length of the power cable is longer than a predetermined value, the reduction characteristic of the predetermined leakage current 8 is reduced. When the characteristics of the semiconductor switching element 40 used in the power converter or the drive circuit 43 of the semiconductor switching element 40 are changed in the line filter 5 in particular, the transient output voltage characteristics of the semiconductor switching element 40 are different. Since the waveform of the leakage current 8 changes and the frequency components included in the leakage current 8 are different, the predetermined noise in the line filter 5 is low. Characteristic is a problem that can not be obtained.
[0016]
The object of the present invention is to use the small common mode transformer 9 to reduce the leakage current 8 and to exhibit a predetermined leakage current reduction effect even when the mounting conditions of the power converter and the characteristics of the semiconductor switching element 40 change. An object of the present invention is to provide a low-noise, small-sized and low-cost power conversion device by incorporating the line filter 5 in the power conversion device.
[0017]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object is achieved in a power converter in which an LC composite element 15 is connected as a smoothing capacitor 4 to a power wiring connecting the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2, and the power storage unit 14, and the anode 16 of the LC composite element 15 The cathode 17 is fixed to an insulating paper 18 having a dielectric constant greater than that of air or at least an insulating paper 18 immersed in an electrolyte, and the anode 16 and the cathode 17 are stacked on a rod-like magnetic body 19 such as ferrite that is longer than the width of the insulating paper 18. In addition, the capacitor 16 is wound and the connecting electrode 20 electrically connected to the outside is fixed from both ends of the anode 16 and the cathode 17, and the capacitor is built in the cylindrical case 21 having both ends opened, and is made of resin or the like. The sealing plate 22 is fixed to both ends of the cylindrical case 21 and the connection electrode 20 and the rod-shaped magnetic body 19 are taken out of the cylindrical case 21. Is provided on the sealing plate 22, and a U-shaped magnetic body 23 is arranged outside the cylindrical case 21 so as to connect both ends of the rod-shaped magnetic body 19 to form a toroidal magnetic circuit. The magnetic body 23 is fixed to the side surface of the cylindrical case 21 using a jig 24, and a third coil to be a zero-phase coil 26 is wound around the U-shaped magnetic body 23 to output the zero-phase coil 26. By short-circuiting with the predetermined resistor 13, the resistor 13 can be inserted into the common mode leakage current path flowing between the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2, and the power storage unit 14, and the common mode current, that is, the leakage current 8 flows through the resistor 13. The leakage current 8 is damped in the power line, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line is greatly reduced, the leakage current 8 flowing into other devices via the commercial AC power 1 can be reduced, and malfunctions to other devices, etc. Adverse effect Since the electromagnetic wave produced by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced, the leakage current 8 can be damped without newly using the line filter 5 with the built-in common mode transformer 9. As well as lowering noise, downsizing and cost reduction are achieved.
[0018]
Similarly, in the power converter in which the LC composite element 15 is connected as the smoothing capacitor 4 to the power wiring connecting the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2, and the power storage unit 14, the anode 16 of the LC composite element 15 is used. The cathode 17 and the cathode 17 are fixed to an insulating paper 18 having a dielectric constant larger than that of air or an insulating paper 18 dipped in an electrolyte solution, and the anode 16 and the cathode 17 are fixed to a rod-like magnetic body 19 such as a ferrite longer than the width of the insulating paper 18. A capacitor is formed by overlapping and winding, and a connection electrode 20 that is electrically connected to the outside is fixed from both ends of the anode 16 and the cathode 17, and the capacitor is built in a cylindrical case 21 that is open at both ends. The produced sealing plate 22 is fixed to both ends of the cylindrical case 21, and the connection electrode 20 and the rod-shaped magnetic body 19 are brought out of the cylindrical case 21. Holes are provided in the sealing plate 22 and U-shaped magnetic bodies 23 are arranged outside the cylindrical case 21 so as to connect both ends of the rod-shaped magnetic bodies 19 to form a toroidal magnetic circuit. A U-shaped magnetic body 23 is fixed to the side surface of the cylindrical case 21 using a jig 24, and a third coil serving as a zero-phase coil 26 is wound around the U-shaped magnetic body 23. The variable resistor 27 is short-circuited by the variable resistor 27, and the variable resistor 27 can be inserted into the common mode leakage current path flowing between the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2, and the power storage unit 14. The resistance value is changed a plurality of times, the voltage across the variable resistor 27 is measured each time, and the resistance value of the variable resistor 27 at which the common-mode leakage current 8 is minimized is detected using the detected voltage of the variable resistor 27. Calculated by computer 28 and calculated Based on the results, the resistance value of the variable resistor 27 is controlled again from the computer 28 and set to a predetermined value, so that the leakage current 8 can be damped using the resistor 13 that can minimize the leakage current 8. Regardless of the mounting state of the power converter and the load 6, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line can be greatly reduced, and the leakage current 8 flowing into other devices via the commercial AC power 1 can be reduced to other devices. Can reduce adverse effects such as malfunctions, and can reduce electromagnetic waves generated by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path, so that the leakage current 8 can be damped without newly using the line filter 5 with the built-in common mode transformer 9. Therefore, reduction in size and cost as well as reduction in noise of the power conversion device are achieved.
[0019]
The purpose is to connect the first LC composite element 33 to the DC power plus side and the second LC composite element 34 as the smoothing capacitor 4 to the power wiring connecting the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2 and the power storage unit 14. In the power converter connected in series as the DC power minus side, the anode 35 and the cathode 36 of the first LC composite element 33 are formed on the insulating paper 18 having at least a dielectric constant larger than that of air or the insulating paper 18 immersed in an electrolyte. The anode 35 and the cathode 36 are wound around a rod-like magnetic body 19 such as ferrite, which is longer than the width of the insulating paper 18, for example, by winding the anode 35 on the upper side to form a capacitor, and the anode 35 and the cathode 36 are electrically connected from both ends. A sealing plate made of resin or the like, in which a connection electrode 20 for external connection is fixed, a capacitor is built in a cylindrical case 21 having both ends open. 2 is fixed to both ends of the cylindrical case 21, and a hole is provided in the sealing plate 22 for connecting the connection electrode 20 and the rod-shaped magnetic body 19 to the outside of the cylindrical case 21. In contrast to the method of stacking the electrodes of the first LC composite element 33, the cathode 38 is stacked on the upper side and wound, and the rod-like magnetic bodies of the first and second LC composite elements are prepared outside the cylindrical case. By connecting with a connecting magnetic body to form a toroidal magnetic circuit, the cathode 36 of the first LC composite element 33 and the anode 37 of the second LC composite element 34 are connected to each other. An LC composite element is connected in series, and a zero-phase coil 26 is wound around a connecting magnetic body prepared outside the cylindrical case, and the output of the zero-phase coil 26 is short-circuited by a predetermined resistor 13, whereby the inverter unit 3 and the converter Between the unit 2 and the power storage unit 14 When the resistor 13 can be inserted into the common mode leakage current path, the common mode current, that is, the leakage current 8 flows through the resistor 13, the leakage current 8 is damped, and the LC composite elements are connected in series. The first LC composite element having a DC power plus side potential is obtained by configuring the LC composite element connected in series using the second LC composite element 34 in which the anode 35 and the cathode 36 of the element 33 are reversed in the stacking order. Since the position of the anode 38 of the 33 and the cathode 38 of the second LC composite element 34 having a negative DC power potential with respect to the rod-shaped magnetic body 19 can be targeted, the error magnetic flux due to the displacement of the electrode position can be reduced, and a highly accurate common Since the mode transformer 9 can be configured, the erroneously detected common mode current (leakage current) can prevent the resistor 13 from being heated and destroyed, and the leakage capacity of the power converter and the load 6 can be prevented. Since only the leakage current 8 from the quantity 7 can be induced to the zero-phase coil 26, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line is greatly reduced, and the leakage current 8 flowing into other devices via the commercial AC power 1 is reduced. In addition, since adverse effects such as malfunctions to other devices can be reduced and electromagnetic waves generated by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced, the line filter 5 newly incorporating the common mode transformer 9 is not used. Leakage current 8 can be damped, and a reduction in size and cost as well as noise reduction of the power conversion device can be achieved.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the power converter by this invention is demonstrated in detail by embodiment of illustration.
[0021]
1 is an example of a cross section of the LC composite element according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the LC composite element shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an LC composite according to the embodiment. It is an example of the structure of the power converter device using an element. As shown in FIG. 16, a general power conversion apparatus has a converter unit 2 composed of a diode rectifier that rectifies commercial AC power 1, and a PWM control method in which DC power output from the converter unit 2 is input. A main circuit is provided which includes an inverter unit 3 and a smoothing capacitor 4 connected to a DC unit between the converter unit 2 and the inverter unit 3.
[0022]
The line filter 5 of the power converter generally used is connected to the commercial AC power 1 side of the converter unit 2 and has a leakage capacity between the earths of the AC motor as the load 6 and the power wiring to the AC motor. The choke coil with excellent high frequency characteristics prevents the leakage current 8 flowing out from the commercial AC power 1 from being transmitted to the commercial AC power 1 side, thereby increasing the high frequency line impedance and preventing the leakage current 8 from passing through. The leakage current 8 is made to flow to the ground through the Y-type connection capacitor 10 having excellent frequency response connected to the, and the leakage current 8 is prevented from flowing out to the commercial AC power 1.
[0023]
Further, the conventional CMT 11 is arranged in series in the power wiring between the inverter unit 3 and the load 6 that are PWM-controlled so that when all the output currents IU, IV, and IW of the three-phase inverter are added to zero, Three power lines and four wires including the zero-phase coil 26 are wound around the toroidal core in the same phase, and the output of the zero-phase coil 26 is short-circuited by the resistor 13, so that the load current flowing through each phase creates a magnetic flux, These magnetic fluxes are synthesized in the magnetic circuit in the toroidal core, but the sum of the magnetic fluxes produced by IU, IV, IW is naturally zero, and the magnetic flux remaining in the magnetic circuit is only the component due to the leakage current 8, and the zero-phase coil 26, a magnetic flux is induced by the leakage current 8, and the leakage current 8 flows through the resistor 13 short-circuiting the output of the zero-phase coil 26. That is, the resistor 13 is inserted in series in the path through which the leakage current 8 flows. Equally, the effect of damping the leakage current 8 by resistance 13 is obtained.
[0024]
The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 differs from the prior art of FIGS. 16 and 17 in that the power wiring connecting the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2 and the power storage unit 14 is smoothed. In the power conversion apparatus using the LC composite element 15 as the capacitor 4, as shown in FIG. 4, the anode 16 and the cathode 17 are fixed to the insulating paper 18 having a dielectric constant larger than that of air or the insulating paper 18 immersed in an electrolyte. As shown in FIG. 5, the anode 16 and the cathode 17 are wound at least on a rod-like magnetic body 19 such as ferrite longer than the width of the insulating paper 18 to form a capacitor, and electrically connected to both ends of the anode 16 and the cathode 17. A connection electrode 20 connected to the outside is fixed, a capacitor is built in a cylindrical case 21 having both ends opened as shown in FIG. 1, and a sealing plate 22 made of resin or the like is used as the cylindrical case 2. A hole for fixing the connection electrode 20 and the rod-shaped magnetic body 19 to the outside of the cylindrical case 21 is provided in the sealing plate 22, and a U-shaped magnetic body 23 is provided outside the cylindrical case 21. It arrange | positions so that it may adjoin to the both ends of the rod-shaped magnetic body 19, a toroidal-shaped magnetic circuit may be comprised, the said U-shaped magnetic body 23 may be fixed to the side surface of the cylindrical case 21 using the jig | tool 24, A bobbin 25 is attached to a U-shaped magnetic body 23, and a third coil to be a zero-phase coil 26 is wound. The bobbin 25 is fixed by a part of the LC composite element 15, and the output of the zero-phase coil 26 is set to a predetermined resistance. Since the short circuit 13 causes the resistor 13 to be inserted into the common mode leakage current path flowing between the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2, and the power storage unit 14 as shown in FIG. 6, and the leakage current 8 flows to the resistor 13. Double leakage current 8 The leakage current 8 flowing in the power line is greatly reduced, the leakage current 8 flowing into other devices via the commercial AC power 1 is reduced, and adverse effects such as malfunctions to other devices are caused. Since the electromagnetic wave generated by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced, the leakage current 8 can be damped without newly using the line filter 5 with the built-in common mode transformer 9. Miniaturization and cost reduction are achieved with low noise.
[0025]
FIG. 7 is an example of a power conversion device using the LC composite element according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the embodiment described in FIG. A bobbin 25 is attached to the magnetic body 23 and a third coil to be a zero-phase coil 26 is wound. The bobbin 25 is fixed by a part of the LC composite element 15, and the output of the zero-phase coil 26 is short-circuited by the variable resistor 27. The variable resistor 27 is inserted into a common mode leakage current path that flows between the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2, and the power storage unit 14, and the resistance of the variable resistor 27 is calculated using the computer 28 according to the flowchart shown in FIG. The value is changed a plurality of times and the voltage across the variable resistor 27 is measured each time. In the measurement, the voltage across the resistor is rectified by the half-wave rectifier circuit 29 and then the peak hold circuit 30 or the sample and hold. Hold on the road, input to the A / D converter 31 to convert the voltage into a digital quantity, and use the detected voltage to calculate the resistance value of the variable resistor 27 that minimizes the common mode leakage current 8 with a computer. Based on the calculation result, the resistance value of the variable resistor 27 is set again to a predetermined value by controlling the resistance controller 32 from the computer 28, and the leakage current 8 is dumped using the resistor 13 that can minimize the leakage current 8. This is the point that made this possible. As a result, regardless of the mounting state of the power converter and the load 6, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line is greatly reduced, and the leakage current 8 flowing into other devices via the commercial AC power 1 is reduced. Since adverse effects such as malfunctions on other devices can be reduced and electromagnetic waves generated by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced, the leakage current can be eliminated without using the line filter 5 newly incorporating the common mode transformer 9. Since 8 can be damped, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the power conversion device as well as to reduce the noise.
[0026]
9 is an example of a cross section of an LC composite element according to the third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a side view of the LC composite element 15 shown in FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is an LC view according to the embodiment. 2 is an example of a configuration of a power conversion device using a composite element 15; 1 and FIG. 7 is different from the embodiment described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7 in that the first LC as the smoothing capacitor 4 is connected to the power wiring connecting the inverter unit 3, the converter unit 2 and the power storage unit 14, as shown in FIG. In the power converter connected in series with the composite element 33 as the DC power plus side and the second LC composite element 34 as the DC power minus side, the anode 35 and the cathode 36 of the first LC composite element 33 are connected as in FIG. At least an insulating paper 18 having a dielectric constant greater than that of air or an insulating paper 18 dipped in an electrolyte solution is fixed, and the anode 16 and the cathode 17 are attached to a rod-like magnetic body 19 such as a ferrite longer than the width of the insulating paper 18, for example, an anode 35. A capacitor is formed by being wound on top of each other, and a connecting electrode 20 electrically connected to the outside is fixed from both ends of the anode 35 and the cathode 36, and both ends are open. A capacitor is built in the case 21, and a sealing plate 22 made of resin or the like is fixed to both ends of the cylindrical case 21 and the connection electrode 20 and the rod-shaped magnetic body 19 are taken out of the cylindrical case 21. Are provided in the sealing plate 22, and the anode 37 and the cathode 38 of the second LC composite element 34 are overlapped with the cathode 38 on the upper side opposite to the way the anode 35 and the cathode 36 of the first LC composite element 33 are overlapped. The rod-like magnetic bodies 19 of the first and second LC composite elements are connected by two connecting magnetic bodies 39 prepared outside the cylindrical case 21 to form a toroidal magnetic circuit. The first and second LC composite elements are connected in series by connecting the cathode 36 of the first LC composite element 33 and the anode 37 of the second LC composite element 34, and are prepared outside the cylindrical case 21. The bobbin in one of the two connecting magnetic bodies 39 5 is wound around a third coil that becomes a zero-phase coil 26, the bobbin 25 is fixed by a part of the LC composite element 15, and the output of the zero-phase coil 26 is short-circuited by a predetermined resistor 13, an inverter The resistor 13 can be inserted into the common mode leakage current path that flows between the unit 3, the converter unit 2, and the power storage unit 14, the leakage current flows through the resistor 13, the leakage current 8 can be damped, and the LC composite element 15 is connected in series By connecting the LC composite element 15 connected in series using the second LC composite element 34 in which the anode 35 and the cathode 36 of the first LC composite element 33 are reversed in the connection, the direct current power plus The position of the anode 35 of the first LC composite element 33 having a side potential and the position of the cathode 38 of the second LC composite element 34 having a negative DC power potential with respect to the rod-like magnetic body 19 can be targeted. The error magnetic flux due to misalignment can be reduced, and a high-precision common mode transformer can be constructed. The erroneously detected common mode current (leakage current) can prevent the resistor 13 from being heated and destroyed, and the power converter and load 6 can leak. Since only the leakage current 8 from the capacitor 7 can be induced to the zero-phase coil 26, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line is greatly reduced, and leakage flowing into other devices via the commercial AC power 1 Since the current 8 can be reduced, adverse effects such as malfunctions to other devices can be reduced, and electromagnetic waves generated by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced. Therefore, the line filter 5 newly incorporating the common mode transformer 9 Since the leakage current 8 can be damped without using the power converter, the power converter can be reduced in noise and reduced in size and cost.
[0027]
FIG. 12 shows an example of a power conversion device using an LC composite element according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the embodiment described in FIGS. The smoothing capacitor 4 is generally connected so as to be parallel to the LC composite element 15 on the inverter unit 3 side or the converter unit 2 and power storage unit 14 side electrodes of the anode 16 and the cathode 17 of the LC composite element 15 connected to the The output of the third coil serving as the zero-phase coil 26 is short-circuited by the resistor 13 or the variable resistor 27, the resistor 13 or the variable resistor 27 is inserted into the leakage current path, and the leakage current 8 is By setting the resistance value so as to be minimized, the leakage current 8 can be damped and the smoothing capacitor 4 is connected in parallel to the LC composite element 15 so that the capacity of the smoothing capacitor can be controlled. However, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line is greatly reduced, the leakage current 8 flowing into other devices via the commercial AC power 1 is reduced, and adverse effects such as malfunctions to other devices are caused. Since the electromagnetic wave generated by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced, the leakage current 8 can be damped without newly using the line filter 5 with the built-in common mode transformer 9. Miniaturization and cost reduction are achieved with low noise.
[0028]
FIG. 13 is an example of a power conversion device using an LC composite element according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the above embodiment in that an aluminum die-cast or the like is used as shown in FIG. The power module 41 in which the semiconductor switching element 40 for the inverter unit 3 and the converter unit 2 is built is disposed in the outer case 12 of the power conversion device made in the above, and the cooler 42 of the power module 41 is the outer shape of the power conversion device. Fixed to the case 12 with screws or the like, the LC module 15, the terminal block 53, the drive circuit 43 that controls the power semiconductor, the computer 28 that performs PWM control, and the signal from the host controller of the power converter are attached to the upper part of the power module 41. A control board 47 on which a communication circuit 45 and a power circuit 46 for transmitting to the computer 28 are mounted and the power module is arranged. The power conversion device is configured by connecting with the electrode of the cable 41 using solder or the like, and the outer case 12 of the power conversion device and the outer case 44 of the AC motor as the load 6 are integrated. May be combined with screws or bolts, or may be formed by integral molding. In this way, the inverter 6 and the load 6 that create the leakage current 8 are connected when the AC motor as the load 6 and the power converter are brought close to each other. Since the length of the output power wiring to be maintained is constant under all mounting conditions, there is no change in the leakage current 8 caused by changes in the mounting conditions, and the zero-phase coil 26 is short-circuited to minimize the leakage current 8. Since the resistor 13 is also uniquely determined from the leakage capacity 7 of the AC motor, the damping effect of the leakage current 8 is accurately realized, the leakage current 8 flowing through the power line is greatly reduced, and the commercial AC power 1 is reduced. The leakage current 8 flowing into other devices can be reduced, adverse effects such as malfunctions to other devices can be reduced, and the electromagnetic waves created by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced. Since the leakage current 8 can be damped without using the line filter 5 incorporating the transformer 9, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the power converter as well as to reduce the noise.
[0029]
FIG. 18 is an example of a power conversion device using an LC composite element according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the embodiment described in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that a DC power line Each of the electrodes of the LC composite element 15 connected to the electrode is flatly wound, and the cross section perpendicular to the winding axis is an ellipse. Further, the magnetic body inserted into the center of the wound electrode is formed into a toroidal shape. In addition to constituting the magnetic circuit, the cross section perpendicular to the winding axis of the electrode of the magnetic material is an ellipse or a square, and in this way, the effective magnetic path length of the magnetic circuit formed in a toroidal shape is obtained. Since the effective cross-sectional area of the magnetic path of the rod-like magnetic body 19 can be greatly increased without greatly increasing, the excitation inductance of the CMT can be increased, and the zero-phase coil 26 and the resistor 13 can be used. The damping effect of the variable resistor 27 on the leakage current 8 can be improved, the leakage current 8 flowing in the power line is greatly reduced, and the leakage current 8 flowing into other devices via the commercial AC power 1 is reduced. Since adverse effects such as malfunctions on other devices can be reduced and electromagnetic waves generated by the leakage current 8 and the wiring voltage of the leakage current path can be reduced, the leakage current can be eliminated without using the line filter 5 newly incorporating the common mode transformer 9. Since 8 can be damped, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the power conversion device as well as to reduce the noise.
[0030]
FIG. 19 is an example of a power conversion device using an LC composite element according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the embodiment described in the above example in that each LC composite element is A region having different roughness roughness generated on the surfaces of the anode and the cathodes 16 and 17 is provided, and the region is provided in a band shape so as to connect two connection electrodes 20 connected to each anode and cathode, As a result, the electric resistance of the region 16A having a small surface roughness can be reduced and heat generation can be suppressed, the internal heat generation of the LC composite element can be reduced, while the electric capacity is increased in the region 16B having a large surface roughness. Therefore, the capacity of the LC composite element can be increased, and the LC composite element having a low heat generation and a high capacity can be configured. Therefore, low power loss and high conversion efficiency are achieved along with low noise of the power converter.
[0031]
Naturally, as shown in FIG. 14, a power conversion device 52 for linking a power supply system of a photovoltaic power generation system including a solar cell 51 and a power conversion device, or an internal combustion engine 48 and an electric motor of a load 6 shown in FIG. The DC power supplied from the power storage unit 14 is connected to the inverter unit 3 through the LC composite element 15, and the power of the motor of the internal combustion engine 48 and the load 6 is transmitted to the tire through the mission 49 and mounted on the moving vehicle and vehicle. Magnetic field of all inverter devices used, and inverters driven by motors for compressors and fans used in home and commercial air conditioners, motors that rotate the washing layer of washing machines, and motors for suction fans of vacuum cleaners and electric cookers The power converter of the above-described embodiment can be applied to a power converter for driving an inductance for generation, etc., and a reduction in size and cost as well as reduction in noise are achieved. It is.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the anode 16 and the cathode 17 of the capacitor are wound around the rod-shaped magnetic body 19, the connection electrode 20 is drawn from both ends of the anode 16 and the cathode 17, and the connection magnet is connected so as to connect both ends of the rod-shaped magnetic body 19. It is possible to provide a power conversion device that is configured to form a magnetic circuit using the body 39 and achieve a reduction in size and cost as well as a reduction in noise by using the LC composite element 15 having a third coil linked to the magnetic circuit.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of an LC composite element according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the LC composite element of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion device using the LC composite element of the embodiment of FIG.
4 is a development view of an internal electrode of an LC composite element according to the embodiment of FIG.
5 is a configuration diagram of an LC composite element internal electrode of the embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG.
6 is a simplified equivalent circuit of a leakage current path of a power conversion device using the LC composite element of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment of an LC composite element according to the present invention and a power converter using the LC composite element of the embodiment.
8 is a flowchart for minimizing leakage current in the power conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the LC composite element according to the present invention.
10 is a side view showing the third embodiment of FIG. 9. FIG.
11 is a main circuit connection diagram of a power conversion device using the LC composite element of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a main circuit connection diagram of a power conversion device using an LC composite element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion device using an LC composite element according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion device using an LC composite element according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion apparatus using an LC composite element according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of a power converter using a conventional line filter and CMT.
FIG. 17 shows a configuration and an equivalent circuit of a conventional LC composite element.
FIG. 18 is a side view of an LC composite device according to the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a development view of LC composite element internal electrodes.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Commercial AC power, 2 ... Converter part, 3 ... Inverter part, 4 ... Smoothing capacitor, 5 ... Line filter, 6 ... Load, 7 ... Leakage capacity, 8 ... Leakage current, 9 ... Common mode transformer, 10 ... Y-type connection capacitor for grounding, 11... CMT (common mode transformer with zero-phase coil), 12... External case of power converter, 13... Resistor, 14 ... Power storage unit, 15 ... LC composite element, 16. ... Electrode surface uneven surface, 16 B. Electrode surface uneven surface, 17. Cathode, 18. Insulating paper, 19. Rod-like magnetic material, 20. Connection electrode, 21. Cylindrical case, 22. , 23 ... U-shaped magnetic body, 24 ... Jig, 25 ... Bobbin, 26 ... Zero-phase coil, 27 ... Variable resistor, 28 ... Computer, 29 ... Half-wave rectifier circuit, 30 ... Peak hold circuit, 31 ... A / D converter, 32 ... Controller 33 ... first LC composite element 34 ... second LC composite element 35 ... anode of first LC composite element 36 ... cathode of first LC composite element 37 ... second LC composite element 38 ... cathode of second LC composite element 39 ... magnetic body for connection 40 ... semiconductor switching element 41 ... power module 42 ... cooler of power module 43 ... drive circuit 44 ... AC motor Outer case, 45 ... communication circuit, 46 ... power supply circuit, 47 ... control board, 48 ... internal combustion engine, 49 ... mission, 50 ... parasitic inductance, 51 ... solar cell, 52 ... power converter for power system linkage, 53 ... terminal Stand.

Claims

In a power conversion device in which a capacitor is connected between power wirings for supplying power to a load, each of a foil-like first electrode and a second electrode is fixed to an insulating sheet, and the first electrode and the first electrode The electrode insulating sheet and the second electrode and the second electrode insulating sheet are wound on the rod-shaped first magnetic body to form an LC composite element, and the first electrode and the second electrode The connection electrodes that are electrically connected to both ends are fixed, the second magnetic body is disposed so as to connect or close both ends of the first magnetic body, and the second magnetic body is wound around the first magnetic body. The coil is disposed so as to pass outside the first electrode and the second electrode, and the coil is wound around the second magnetic body in the same direction as the first electrode and the second electrode wound around the first magnetic body. Power conversion characterized by comprising a resistor that winds and short-circuits the output of the coil Location.

2. The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the LC composite element is built in a cylindrical case having both ends opened, and a sealing plate made of an insulating material is fixed to both ends of the cylindrical case to close the opening. In addition, the connection electrode and the first magnetic body are drawn out from the hole provided in the sealing plate, and the second magnetic body is disposed outside the cylindrical case so as to connect both ends of the first magnetic body, and the second A power conversion device characterized in that the magnetic body is fixed to a side surface of a cylindrical case and a sealing plate using a jig or an adhesive.

The power conversion device according to claim 2, wherein a jig for fixing the second magnetic body and fixing the LC composite element to a wiring board or the like is fixed to the cylindrical case. .

3. The power conversion device according to claim 2, wherein a jig for fixing the second magnetic body and fixing the LC composite element to a wiring board or the like is provided on the sealing plate. .

In a power conversion device in which a plurality of capacitors are connected in series between power wirings for supplying power to a load, each of a foil-like first electrode and a second electrode is fixed to an insulating sheet, and the first electrode The first electrode insulating sheet and the second electrode and the second electrode insulating sheet are wound on the rod-shaped first magnetic body so that the first electrode is always on the upper layer, and wound around the first electrode. The LC composite element is configured, and the first electrode and the first electrode insulating sheet and the second electrode and the second electrode insulating sheet of the second LC composite element are similarly formed into a rod-shaped third magnetic body. The first electrode of the first LC composite element, the first electrode insulating sheet, the second electrode, and the first magnetic body are wound so that the second electrode is always on the upper layer. The first LC composite element in the same direction as the direction in which the electrode insulating sheet 2 is wound. An electrode, the first electrode insulating sheet, the second electrode, and the second electrode insulating sheet are wound, and the second electrode of the first LC composite element and the second LC composite element of the first LC composite element are wound. The second electrode is electrically connected, the first LC composite element and the second LC composite element are connected in series, and both ends of the first magnetic body and the third magnetic body are connected to each other. 4 and the fifth magnetic body are arranged, and the coil is wound around the fourth or fifth magnetic body in the same direction as the first electrode and the second electrode wound around the first and third magnetic bodies. A power conversion device comprising a resistor that rotates and short-circuits the output of the coil.

6. The power conversion device according to claim 5, wherein the first and second LC composite elements are built in a cylindrical case having both ends opened, and sealing plates made of an insulating material are connected to both ends of the cylindrical case. The connection electrode and the first and third magnetic bodies are drawn out from a hole provided in the sealing plate while being fixed to close the opening, and the first magnetic body and the third magnetic body are drawn outside the cylindrical case. The fourth and fifth magnetic bodies are arranged so as to connect the both ends, and the fourth and fifth magnetic bodies are fixed to the side surface of the cylindrical case and the sealing plate using a jig or an adhesive. The power converter characterized by this.

6. The power conversion device according to claim 5, wherein a jig for fixing the fourth and fifth magnetic bodies and fixing the LC composite element to a wiring board or the like is fixed to the cylindrical case. Power conversion device.

6. The power conversion device according to claim 5, wherein a jig for fixing the fourth and fifth magnetic bodies and fixing the LC composite element to a wiring board or the like is provided on the sealing plate. Power conversion device.

The power converter according to claim 1, wherein the output of the coil is short-circuited by a variable resistor, the resistance value of the variable resistor is changed a plurality of times, and the voltage across the variable resistor is measured each time, and detection A power conversion apparatus comprising: a calculation means for calculating a resistance value of a variable resistor that minimizes a common mode current flowing through the LC composite element using the voltage of the variable resistor.

6. The power converter according to claim 5, wherein the output of the coil is short-circuited by a variable resistor, the resistance value of the variable resistor is changed a plurality of times, and the voltage across the variable resistor is measured each time, and detection A power conversion apparatus comprising: a calculation means for calculating a resistance value of a variable resistor that minimizes a common mode current flowing through the LC composite element using the voltage of the variable resistor.

2. The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein an inverter device using a pulse width modulation method for converting DC power into AC power is fixed to and integrated with a side surface of a motor that is a load, and DC power of the inverter unit is smoothed. A power converter using the LC composite element for use.

6. The power conversion device according to claim 5, wherein an inverter device using a pulse width modulation method for converting DC power to AC power is fixed to and integrated with a side surface of an electric motor as a load, and DC power of the inverter unit is smoothed. A power converter using the LC composite element for use.

In a power conversion device including an inverter device for rotating a motor as a load using a pulse width modulation method for converting DC power mounted on a vehicle into AC power, the LC composite element is used for smoothing DC power of the inverter unit. The power converter characterized by using.

In a power conversion device including an inverter device that converts a DC power supplied by a solar cell, a storage battery, or the like into an AC power by using a pulse width modulation method and supplies power to a power supply system, the smoothing of the DC power of the inverter unit A power conversion device using an LC composite element.

2. The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode, the first electrode insulating sheet, and the second electrode and second electrode insulation of the LC composite element that smoothes the DC power of the inverter device. A power converter comprising: a sheet wound around, a cross section perpendicular to a wound axis being flattened, and a rod-shaped first magnetic body inserted in a central portion of the flat wound electrode.

6. The power conversion device according to claim 5, wherein the first electrode, the first electrode insulating sheet, and the second electrode and the second electrode insulation of the LC composite element that smoothes the DC power of the inverter device. A power converter comprising: a sheet wound around, a cross section perpendicular to a wound axis being flattened, and a rod-shaped first magnetic body inserted in a central portion of the flat wound electrode.

2. The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein regions having different unevenness generated on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode of the LC composite element are provided and used.

6. The power conversion device according to claim 5, wherein regions having different roughness roughness generated on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode of the LC composite element are provided.