CN220457292U - Low ripple quadratic Boost converter based on multiple inductive coupling - Google Patents
Low ripple quadratic Boost converter based on multiple inductive coupling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-inductance coupling low-ripple secondary Boost converter which comprises a direct-current power supply, a power switch tube, a coupling inductance, a first diode, a first capacitor, a second diode, a second capacitor, a third diode, a fourth diode, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor and a load, wherein the coupling inductance comprises a first coupling inductance, a second coupling inductance and a third coupling inductance, and adopts a magnetic integration structure, so that the whole circuit only comprises one magnetic element, the volume of a magnetic part is greatly reduced, the power density is further improved, and the output ripple is reduced. The secondary Boost converter has wider voltage-increasing and voltage-decreasing variation capability, and meanwhile, the voltage stress of the switching tube is lower, compared with the traditional secondary Boost converter, the secondary Boost converter has the advantages that the voltage-increasing and voltage-decreasing range is obviously increased, and meanwhile, the switching voltage stress and the output ripple are obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of converters, and particularly relates to a multi-inductance coupling low-ripple quadratic Boost converter.
Background
The electron beam processing equipment is widely applied, the requirements of the electron beam precision processing equipment on the accelerating power supply are higher, the requirements on the stability of the accelerating voltage are higher on one hand, and the requirements on the peak and peak value of the output voltage waveform are smaller on the other hand, for example, the accelerating voltage of the accelerating power supply of the electron gun for the fourth-generation light source reaches 500kV, and the peak and peak value is less than 0.05%. For such severe requirements, the conventional high-voltage power supply cannot meet the requirements at present, and the bottleneck is that the peak-to-peak value of the ripple index is obtained by alternating-current boosting and rectifying filtering, the ripple wave is generated in the high-voltage converting process except for the ripple wave of the normal rectifying waveform, and the inductor on the alternating-current side in the high-voltage rectifying process also enables the direct-current output waveform to be concave, so that larger ripple waves are formed. The ability of the high voltage filter inductor and capacitor to cancel spike and dip voltages is greatly reduced due to parasitic parameters. In addition, the working current of the high-voltage power supply is generally smaller, the filtering effect of the inductance on normal ripple waves is not large, the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor is smaller, and all factors are unfavorable for reducing the ripple waves of the output voltage. In order to improve the accuracy of the acceleration power supply, improvements are required in terms of the structure and control method of the power supply.
Therefore, a high-voltage switching power supply is introduced, and the power supply has the advantages of high efficiency, wide voltage stabilizing range and the like, however, the switching power supply also generates corresponding ripples due to the structure, and in the prior art, a filter, a high-frequency ripple technology or impulse control technology and the like are generally adopted for filtering.
The filter comprises an active filter and a passive filter, the filter is realized by connecting a plurality of resistors and capacitors in parallel or in series in an output loop, the ripple frequency characteristic must be obtained through detailed and strict calculation, so that the accurate resistance value and capacitance value can be selected.
The high-frequency ripple technology is added on the direct-current power supply side, and the ripple of the switching power supply is reduced by adding a high-frequency ripple processing unit on the direct-current power supply side, but the scheme needs to add an additional control loop and a complex auxiliary circuit, the price is relatively high, and the whole switching power supply system is composed of discrete components, so that the defects of poor integration level and low power density exist.
In impulse control technology, impulse control technology based on impulse equivalent principle, such as single cycle control technology, is proposed and applied to a direct current switching power supply to eliminate output low-frequency ripple of the direct current switching power supply, and simulation research performed by using a BUCK (BUCK converter) circuit shows that the output low-frequency ripple is only theoretically less than 5mv, but not completely eliminated, so that the frequency and the output voltage of the high-voltage switching power supply are limited, and the application range is limited.
In order to overcome these drawbacks, a converter circuit is added between a power supply and a load, so as to achieve the effect of outputting low ripple, the circuit has the function of voltage regulation and also has the function of filtering, and the output current ripple is reduced by applying a coupling inductor, such as a high-voltage stabilizing method and a device (patent application number: CN 201510153977.1) of an electron beam welding power supply adopting a micro-ripple Cuk converter in patent application literature.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a multi-inductance coupling low-ripple quadratic Boost converter. By a secondary typeThe Boost converter can realize large transformation ratio of input and output voltage, and the control circuit is short, so that the voltage stress of the switching tube and the diode is reduced on the basis. Through a first coupling inductance L 1 Second coupling inductance L 2 Third coupling inductance L 3 Zero ripple of zero output current can be realized under the condition of reasonably allocating parameters.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following scheme:
the low-ripple secondary Boost converter based on multi-inductance coupling comprises a direct-current power supply, a power switch tube, a coupling inductance, a first diode, a first capacitor, a second diode, a second capacitor, a third diode, a fourth diode, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor and an output load, wherein the coupling inductance comprises a first coupling inductance, a second coupling inductance and a third coupling inductance;
one end of the power switch tube is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply, and the other end of the power switch tube is connected with one end of the second diode, one end of the third diode, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the third capacitor;
the anode of the first diode is connected with one end of the first coupling inductor;
the anode of the second diode is connected with one end of the first coupling inductor;
the anode of the third diode is connected with one end of the power switch tube, the second coupling inductor, the first diode, the second capacitor and the third capacitor;
the anode of the fourth diode is connected with one end of the third diode and one end of the second capacitor;
one end of the first coupling inductor is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the other end of the first coupling inductor is connected with the first diode and the positive electrode of the second diode, one end of the second coupling inductor is connected with the first capacitor and the first diode, the other end of the second coupling inductor is connected with one end of the power switch tube, the first diode, the second capacitor and the third capacitor, one end of the third coupling inductor is connected with the third capacitor and the fourth diode, and the other end of the third coupling inductor is connected with the fourth capacitor;
one end of the first capacitor is connected with the first diode, the second coupling inductor and the second capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply;
one end of the second capacitor is connected with the first diode, the second coupling inductor and the first capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the third diode and the fourth diode;
one end of the third capacitor is connected with the second diode, the third diode, the second coupling inductor and the power switch tube, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the fourth diode and the third coupling inductor;
one end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the third coupling inductor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply;
the load is connected in parallel with the fourth capacitor.
Further, the coupling inductor adopts a magnetic integrated structure.
Further, the magnetic integrated structure comprises a magnetic core, a first coupling inductor, a second coupling inductor, a first winding of a third coupling inductor and a second winding of the third coupling inductor, wherein the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are wound on a magnetic core middle column I, the first winding of the third coupling inductor is wound on a magnetic core side column III, and the second winding of the third coupling inductor is wound on a magnetic core side column II.
Further, the three magnetic columns of the magnetic core are all provided with air gaps.
Further, the inductance can be generated among the three coupling inductances of the magnetic integrated structure, and the mutual inductance and the self-inductance parameters of the integrated inductance can reach the condition of zero ripple output through reasonably setting the winding turns.
Further, in the whole change period of the duty ratio, the voltage gain of the converter is:
further, in the whole change period of the duty ratio, the voltage stress of the switching tube VT of the converter is:
diode VD 1 ～VD 4 The voltage stress of (2) is:
compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
(1) The secondary Boost converter based on the multi-inductance coupling low ripple wave has the advantages that fewer components are needed in a main circuit topological structure, the driving circuit is simple in design, and compared with a direct-current power supply side, the secondary Boost converter based on the multi-inductance coupling low ripple wave is a circuit structure which can use the least components to obtain ideal power conversion characteristics.
(2) The multi-inductance coupling low-ripple secondary Boost converter based on the utility model is also basic operation for calculating the circuit parameters of zero ripple by the main circuit, and has no huge special calculation mode, so compared with the design scheme of a switch spike pulse circuit, the multi-inductance coupling low-ripple secondary Boost converter based on the utility model has the advantages of simple and easy operation, simple structure, easy control and low cost.
(3) Compared with the traditional secondary Boost converter, the secondary Boost converter based on the multi-inductance coupling low-ripple is improved in transformation ratio of input and output voltages by adding the switch and the capacitor.
(4) Compared with the traditional secondary Boost circuit, the secondary Boost converter based on the multi-inductance coupling low-ripple is capable of reducing the voltage stress of a switching tube and a diode by adding the clamping circuit, and improving the system efficiency by adopting a switching device with low voltage withstand level and low on-resistance.
(5) The utility model relates to a multi-inductance coupling low-ripple quadratic Boost converter based on the adjustment of a first coupling inductance L 1 First coupling inductance L 2 First coupling inductance L 3 The parameters can reach zero ripple of output current in theory, and the defect of large ripple of output current is overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-inductively coupled low ripple quadratic Boost converter based on the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a coupling inductance magnetic integration structure of an EE-type magnetic core used in the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the secondary Boost converter of the present utility model in a mode.
Fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the secondary Boost converter of the present utility model in mode two.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, a multi-inductance coupling low ripple quadratic Boost converter comprises a dc power supply (U in ) A power switch tube (VT), a coupling inductance and a first diode (VD 1 ) A first capacitor (C 1 ) Second diode (VD) 2 ) Second electricityContainer (C) 2 ) Third diode (VD) 3 ) Fourth diode (VD) 4 ) A third capacitor (C 3 ) Fourth capacitor (C) 4 ) And a load, wherein the coupling inductor adopts a magnetic integrated structure, and is composed of three inductors, including a first coupling inductor (L 1 ) Second coupling inductance (L 2 ) Third coupling inductance (L 3 )。
One end of the power switch tube is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply, and the other end of the power switch tube is connected with one end of the second diode, one end of the third diode, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the third capacitor.
The anode of the first diode is connected with one end of the first coupling inductor.
The anode of the second diode is connected with one end of the first coupling inductor.
And the anode of the third diode is connected with one end of the power switch tube, the second coupling inductor, the first diode, the second capacitor and the third capacitor.
And the anode of the fourth diode is connected with one end of the third diode and one end of the second capacitor.
One end of the first coupling inductor is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the other end of the first coupling inductor is connected with the first diode, the positive electrode of the second diode, one end of the second coupling inductor is connected with the first capacitor and the first diode, the other end of the second coupling inductor is connected with one end of the power switch tube, the first diode, the second capacitor and the third capacitor, one end of the third coupling inductor is connected with the third capacitor and the fourth diode, and the other end of the third coupling inductor is connected with the fourth capacitor.
One end of the first capacitor is connected with the first diode, the second coupling inductor and the second capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply.
One end of the second capacitor is connected with the first diode, the second coupling inductor and the first capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the third diode and the fourth diode.
One end of the third capacitor is connected with the second diode, the third diode, the second coupling inductor and the power switch tube, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the fourth diode and the third coupling inductor.
One end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the third coupling inductor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply.
The load is connected in parallel with the fourth capacitor.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a coupling inductance magnetic integration structure of an EE-type magnetic core used in the present utility model. The magnetic integrated structure comprises an EE magnetic core and a first coupling inductance L 1 Second coupling inductance L 2 Third coupling inductance L 3 The third coupling inductance L 3 Comprising a third coupled inductor first winding L 31 Third inductively coupled second winding L 32 The first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are wound on a magnetic core middle column I, the first winding of the third coupling inductor is wound on a magnetic core side column III, the second winding of the third coupling inductor is wound on a magnetic core side column II, and the three magnetic columns of the EE magnetic core are all provided with air gaps phi 1 ，φ 2 Respectively, the magnetic flux generated by the corresponding inductance phi 31 And phi is equal to 32 Is the inductance L 3 Magnetic flux on different magnetic columns, where N 1 ，N 2 ，N 31 ，N 32 For the number of turns of the coil wound on the magnetic core of each inductor, three coupling inductance relations can be obtained through the magnetic integration design mode:
the inductance can be generated among three coupling inductors of the magnetic integrated structure, and the mutual inductance and self-inductance parameters of the integrated inductance can be enabled to achieve the condition of zero ripple output through reasonably setting the winding turns.
In which L 11 、L 22 、L 33 Is self-inductance, M 12 Is the first coupling inductance L 1 With a second coupling inductance L 2 Mutual inductance M of 23 Is the second coupling inductance L 2 With a third coupling inductance L 3 Mutual inductance M of 13 Is the first coupling inductance L 1 With a third coupling inductance L 3 Is a mutual inductance of (a). Wherein M is 12 ＝M 21 ，M 13 ＝M 31 ，M 23 ＝M 32 。
Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit of an operation mode of the CCM mode of the secondary Boost converter based on multiple inductively coupled low ripple and high gain according to the present utility model.
VT on:
VD 1 with VD 3 Shut off, VD 2 With VD 4 Conducting. Power supply U in To the first coupling inductance L 1 Charging a first capacitor C 1 Warp loop C 1 –L 2 –C 1 Is the second coupling inductance L 2 Charging, in addition, a second capacitor C 2 Warp loop C 2 –C 3 –L 2 –C 1 Is the second coupling inductance L 2 And a third capacitor C 3 Charging, second coupling inductance L 3 Warp loop C 3 –L 3 –R–C 3 For the load and the third capacitor C 3 Charging, available from four loops of fig. 3:
in U L1 、U L2 、U L3 Respectively the first coupling inductances (L 1 ) Second coupling inductance (L 2 ) Third coupling inductance (L 3 ) Voltage value of U C1 、U C2 、U C3 Respectively the first capacitance (C 1 ) A second capacitor (C 2 ) A third capacitor (C 3 ) Is the duty cycle of the switching tube, U in U is the voltage of the direct current power supply o Is the output voltage of the load resistor.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of two operating modes in CCM mode of the multi-inductively coupled low ripple high gain quadratic Boost converter according to the present utility model.
VT off:
as shown in FIG. 4, VD 1 With VD 3 Conduction, VD 2 With VD 4 And (5) switching off. Power supply U in And a first coupling inductance L 1 Warp U in –L 1 –C 1 –U in To the first capacitor C 1 Charging, second coupling inductance L 2 Then by VD 3 L at conduction 2 –C 2 –L 2 Discharging, furthermore power supply U in With a first coupling inductance L 1 Third capacitor C 3 Through U in –L 1 –L 2 –C 3 –L 3 –R–U in The load is charged together, as is available from the three circuits of fig. 4:
in U L1 、U L2 、U L3 Respectively the first coupling inductances (L 1 ) Second coupling inductance (L 2 ) Third coupling inductance (L 3 ) Voltage value of U C1 、U C2 、U C3 Respectively the first capacitance (C 1 ) A second capacitor (C 2 ) A third capacitor (C 3 ) Is the duty cycle of the switching tube, U in U is the voltage of the direct current power supply o Is the output voltage of the load resistor.
L of the inductance and the like of the formula (1) and the formula (2) 1 The principle of volt-second balance gives a first capacitance (C 1 ) Is represented by the expression:
l of the inductance and the like of the formula (1) and the formula (2) 2 The principle of volt-second balance gives a second capacitance (C 2 ) Is represented by the expression:
l of the inductance and the like of the formula (1) and the formula (2) 3 The principle of volt-second balance gives a third capacitance (C 3 ) Is represented by the expression:
finally, the transformation ratio can be obtained:
as can be seen from formulas (4), (5), (6), (7) and the equivalent circuits of the respective semiconductor devices in fig. 3 and 4 when they are turned off, the switching transistor (VT), the first diode (VD 1 ) Second diode (VD) 2 ) Third diode (VD) 3 ) Fourth diode (VD) 4 ) The voltage stress of (2) is:
according to the analysis of the voltage stress formula, the voltage stress of each power device is low, and the selection of the low-power high-performance switching device is facilitated.
VT can be obtained according to formula (2) and formulas (4), (5), (6) when conducting:
VT can be obtained according to formula (3) and formulas (4), (5), (6) when off:
from the formulae (1), (9) and (10), the output current I can be known L3 The ripple relationship is as follows:
VT on:
VT off:
from formulae (11) and (12), when M 12 ＝M 13 And L is 22 ＝M 23 When the output current ripple can be minimized.
By reasonably configuring the mutual inductance coefficients of the three inductors, zero ripple of the output current of the converter can be realized.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. The low-ripple secondary Boost converter based on multi-inductance coupling is characterized by comprising a direct-current power supply, a power switch tube, a coupling inductance, a first diode, a first capacitor, a second diode, a second capacitor, a third diode, a fourth diode, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor and an output load, wherein the coupling inductance comprises a first coupling inductance, a second coupling inductance and a third coupling inductance;
one end of the power switch tube is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply, and the other end of the power switch tube is connected with one end of the second diode, one end of the third diode, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the third capacitor;
the anode of the first diode is connected with one end of the first coupling inductor;
the anode of the second diode is connected with one end of the first coupling inductor;
the anode of the third diode is connected with one end of the power switch tube, the second coupling inductor, the first diode, the second capacitor and the third capacitor;
the anode of the fourth diode is connected with one end of the third diode and one end of the second capacitor;
one end of the first coupling inductor is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the other end of the first coupling inductor is connected with the first diode and the positive electrode of the second diode, one end of the second coupling inductor is connected with the first capacitor and the first diode, the other end of the second coupling inductor is connected with one end of the power switch tube, one end of the first diode, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the third capacitor, one end of the third coupling inductor is connected with the third capacitor and one end of the fourth capacitor, and the other end of the third coupling inductor is connected with the fourth capacitor;
one end of the first capacitor is connected with the first diode, the second coupling inductor and the second capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply;
one end of the second capacitor is connected with the first diode, the second coupling inductor and the first capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the third diode and the fourth diode;
one end of the third capacitor is connected with the second diode, the third diode, the second coupling inductor and the power switch tube, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the fourth diode and the third coupling inductor;
one end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the third coupling inductor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply;
the load is connected in parallel with the fourth capacitor.
2. The multi-inductance-coupling low-ripple quadratic Boost converter based on claim 1, wherein the coupling inductance adopts a magnetic integrated structure.
3. The multi-inductance-coupling low-ripple quadratic Boost converter according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic integrated structure comprises a magnetic core, a first coupling inductance, a second coupling inductance, a third coupling inductance first winding and a third coupling inductance second winding, the first coupling inductance and the second coupling inductance are wound on a magnetic core center post I, the third coupling inductance first winding is wound on a magnetic core side post III, and the third coupling inductance second winding is wound on a magnetic core side post II.
4. The multi-inductively coupled low ripple quadratic Boost converter of claim 3, wherein said three legs of said core are each air-gap.
5. The secondary Boost converter based on multi-inductance coupling low ripple according to claim 2, wherein the inductance is generated between the three coupling inductances of the magnetic integrated structure, and the inductance and self-inductance parameters are enabled to achieve zero ripple output through reasonably setting the winding turns.
6. The multi-inductively coupled low ripple quadratic Boost converter based on any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the voltage gain of the converter is:
7. a multi-inductively coupled low ripple quadratic Boost converter based on any one of claims 1-5, wherein: in the whole change period of the duty ratio, the voltage stress of the switching tube VT of the converter is as follows:
diode VD 1 ～VD 4 The voltage stress of (2) is:
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