CN203387424U - Photovoltaic inverter with open-circuit voltage protection function - Google Patents
Photovoltaic inverter with open-circuit voltage protection function Download PDFInfo
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- CN203387424U CN203387424U CN201320470457.XU CN201320470457U CN203387424U CN 203387424 U CN203387424 U CN 203387424U CN 201320470457 U CN201320470457 U CN 201320470457U CN 203387424 U CN203387424 U CN 203387424U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The utility model relates to a photovoltaic inverter with an open-circuit voltage protection function. The photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC side circuit, an inverter bridge and an AC side circuit which are successively connected with a photovoltaic group string. The DC side circuit comprises a DC side lightning protection device and a DC side filter and further comprises a DC isolation switch and a DC relay. One end of the DC isolation switch is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic group string; the other end of the DC isolation switch is connected with the DC lightning protection device; and the DC relay is arranged between the DC side lightning protection device and the DC side filter. The photovoltaic inverter with the open-circuit voltage protection function can reduce the overall dimension of the photovoltaic inverter, lower the cost, bring the generating potential of an assembly into full play without decreasing the number of the photovoltaic group string, realize open-circuit voltage protection, and reduce safety hidden risks.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of solar photovoltaic technology field, particularly a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with open circuit voltage defencive function.
Background technology
Solar photovoltaic generation system is used the semiconductor optoelectronic principle, and utilizing photovoltaic module is the solar radiation Conversion of Energy direct current, sends into inverter, and inverter is converted to alternating current to direct current, is connected to the grid, and completes power conversion and utilizes process.According to designing and the inverter requirements of type selecting about photovoltaic system in international IEC standard and Chinese GB50797-2012 " photo-voltaic power generation station design specification ", photovoltaic group string open circuit voltage (Voc) must not be higher than inverter direct current maximum withstand voltage (Vmax).If group string open circuit voltage surpasses permissible value, may cause permanent damage.The structural representation of existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter as shown in Figure 1, photovoltaic group string 1 connects the DC circuit breaker 2 of DC side, and DC side is equipped with direct current voltage sensor 3, and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is that overall process is moved automatically, its course of work is: DC circuit breaker 2 manual closings, alternating-current switch 4 manual closings, direct current voltage sensor 3 monitoring DC voltages, if surpass starting resistor, AC starts the same period, simultaneous completion, the closed A.C. contactor 5 of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operation.In said process, DC circuit breaker 2 is all the time in closure state, and photovoltaic group string 1 open circuit voltage is added in above the direct current positive and negative busbar all the time, and the part inversion bridge circuit cards in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter bears open circuit voltage equally.DC circuit breaker 2, must closing by hand without automatic switching-in function.Therefore, in the time of can't realizing the DC side open mode, automatically move.For photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, 1000V is the separation in low pressure and high pressure normally, the following device price of 1000V is more cheap, especially IGBT device, for voltage and sensitivity thereof, therefore 1000V or following electric pressure device are mostly selected by inverter manufacturer, and by this standard processing circuit board.If group string open circuit voltage surpasses 1000V, electronic device or circuit board insulation possibility failure, be exactly above-mentioned said permanent damage, and this will do one's utmost to be avoided.
Therefore, existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter does not possess the open circuit voltage defencive function, and the photovoltaic group string open circuit voltage (Voc) that GB requires must not be higher than inverter direct current maximum withstand voltage (Vmax), and this is generally used for the selection of photovoltaic group string series connection number.Because the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter direct voltage is less than 900V or 1000V usually, so assembly series connection number also is so limited.Group string series connection open circuit voltage=single component open circuit voltage * series connection number, single component open circuit voltage influencing factor comprises temperature and radiancy, and wherein, radiancy is less on the impact of single component open circuit voltage, and especially radiancy is at 400/m
2when above, the assembly open circuit voltage is more or less the same substantially; Affecting assembly open circuit voltage the biggest factor is temperature.The typical crystal silicon photovoltaic assembly of take is example, reference condition STC(air quality AM=1.5, reference condition radiancy 1000W/m
2, 25 ℃ of assembly temperatures), single component open circuit voltage Voc=44.6V.Temperature coefficient :-0.34%/℃. the environment minimum temperature is-25 ℃.1 ℃ of the every decline of temperature, open circuit voltage raises 0.34%.If former group of string series connection number is 20, under minimum temperature, open circuit voltage is: 44.6 * 20 * (1+0.34% * (25-(-25)))=1043.64V.If be that 1000V calculates according to the High Level DC Voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, above-mentioned group of string open circuit voltage surpassed boundary, and assembly series connection number can only reduce, and gets 19.Reduce assembly series connection number, can will increase the investments such as cable and support, the unfavorable assembly generating potentiality of giving full play to, to solar energy photovoltaic system, investment has negative effect.
In addition, according to the design specification requirement, accounting temperature is selected according to extreme minimum temperature at present.But extreme minimum temperature is often more than low 20 ℃ of normal temperature, and because climate change occurred that the ultralow temperature situation was many in recent years.Such as: China's photovoltaic plant is Qinghai Province city, concentrated area relatively, and mean winter temperature is-1 ℃ of left and right, and the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operation most of the time (surpassing 90%) is all more than-5 ℃; The 10 years extreme temperatures in this city, at-30 ℃, winter last year occurred that minimum temperature was-38 ℃ unexpectedly.If rely on simply over-designed to carry out protection equipment, the one, sacrificed cost performance, the 2nd, can not realize protection fully, potential safety hazard is still arranged.
The utility model content
The utility model makes photovoltaic group string open circuit voltage withstand voltagely to cause the increase of investment such as cable and support and cost performance is low and still have the problem of potential safety hazard higher than the inverter direct current is maximum for existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter by reducing photovoltaic group string number, a kind of novel photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with open circuit voltage defencive function is provided, adopt direct-current isolating switch and direct current relay parts, can reduce the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter overall dimensions, reduce costs, without reducing photovoltaic group string number, can give full play to assembly generating potentiality, realize that open circuit voltage protects and reduced potential safety hazard.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with open circuit voltage defencive function; comprise the DC side circuit, inverter bridge and the AC circuit that are connected successively with photovoltaic group string; described DC side circuit comprises DC side lightning protection device and wave filter on DC side; it is characterized in that; described DC side circuit also comprises direct-current isolating switch and direct current relay; one end of described direct-current isolating switch is connected with the output of photovoltaic group string; the other end of described direct-current isolating switch is connected with the DC side lightning protection device, and described direct current relay is arranged between DC side lightning protection device and wave filter on DC side.
Described DC side circuit also comprises DC fuse, and described DC fuse is arranged between direct current relay and wave filter on DC side.
Described DC fuse is fast acting fuse.
Be provided with photovoltaic DC side incoming power at the DC side circuit; And/or, be provided with AC outlet switch power supply at AC; And/or, be provided with ups power at AC.
The withstand voltage of described direct current relay is 2200V, and rated operational voltage is 900V.
Described DC side circuit also comprises DC side insulating monitoring circuit, and described DC side insulating monitoring circuit is arranged at the output of wave filter on DC side.
Technique effect of the present utility model is as follows:
The photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with open circuit voltage defencive function that the utility model provides, in DC side, direct-current isolating switch and direct current relay are set, direct-current isolating switch is arranged between photovoltaic group string and DC side lightning protection device, direct current relay is arranged between DC side lightning protection device and wave filter on DC side, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present utility model has changed the DC side circuit design, cancelled the DC circuit breaker in traditional photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, with direct-current isolating switch and direct current relay, replace, when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is worked, direct current relay keeps normally off, and after closed direct-current isolating switch, after the DC side circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and AC circuit all move, if continuous off-state voltage is in the permission standard, the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter continuous firing, if continuous off-state voltage surpasses the permission standard, disconnect direct current relay, direct current relay keeps open circuit, until ambient temperature rises to a certain degree, continuous off-state voltage drops to tolerance interval, now direct current relay can auto-closing, make photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter reenter start-up routine.Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present utility model, owing to having cancelled bulky and expensive DC circuit breaker device, employing can meet direct-current isolating switch and the direct current relay of solar photovoltaic generation system designing requirement, make the size reduction of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and reduced to a great extent cost.And, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present utility model is according to the actual conditions of continuous off-state voltage, can control auto-closing and the unlatching of direct current relay, avoided traditional photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter as DC switch, to make open circuit voltage be added in all the time on the direct current positive and negative busbar by DC circuit breaker, cause the DC switch can't automatic closing, automatically move in the time of can not realizing the DC side open mode, and cause the problem of permanent damage circuit.Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present utility model is without reducing photovoltaic group string number; not rely on simply conservative design to carry out protection equipment; can guarantee that photovoltaic group string open circuit voltage is not withstand voltage higher than inverter direct current maximum; realize the open circuit voltage defencive function; make protection more perfect; and reduced the investment of cable and Frame lamp; returns of investment have been increased; improved cost performance; can give full play to assembly generating potentiality; and reduced potential safety hazard, make the operation of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and even whole solar photovoltaic generation system safer.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter described in the utility model arranges DC fuse at the DC side circuit; this DC fuse is arranged between direct current relay and wave filter on DC side; in order to obtain signal from direct current relay, as the protection of short circuit and overcurrent, to keep enough protective effects.
Preferably at the DC side circuit, be provided with photovoltaic DC side incoming power, be provided with AC outlet switch power supply at AC, be provided with ups power at AC, this arranges the DC power supply circuit of having revised existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, one or more power supply presentation modes are set, especially when the multiple power sources presentation mode, multiple power supplies is standby each other, has improved the fail safe of optics inverter and even the operation of whole solar photovoltaic generation system.
At the DC side circuit, DC side insulating monitoring circuit is set; this DC side insulating monitoring circuit is arranged at the output of wave filter on DC side; by DC side insulating monitoring circuit, continuous off-state voltage is carried out to Real-Time Monitoring; to keep enough protective effects; make protection more perfect, the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operation is safer.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation that Fig. 1 is existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the utlity model has the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of open circuit voltage defencive function.
Fig. 3 is the preferred structure schematic diagram that the utlity model has the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of open circuit voltage defencive function.
In figure, each label lists as follows:
1-photovoltaic group string; The 2-DC circuit breaker; The 3-direct current voltage sensor; The 4-alternating-current switch; The 5-A.C. contactor; The 6-direct-current isolating switch; 7-DC side lightning protection device; The 8-direct current relay; The 9-wave filter on DC side; The 10-fast acting fuse; 11-DC side insulating monitoring circuit; 12-photovoltaic DC side incoming power; 13-AC outlet switch power supply; The 14-UPS power supply; The 15-inverter bridge; The 16-data-interface; The 17-wave filter on AC side.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described.
The utility model relates to a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with open circuit voltage defencive function; its structure as shown in Figure 2; comprise the DC side circuit be connected successively with photovoltaic group string 1; also comprise the AC circuit; utilizing photovoltaic group string 1 is the solar radiation power conversion direct current; through DC side circuit and AC circuit, finally this direct current is converted to alternating current output, is connected to the grid.The DC side circuit comprises direct current voltage sensor 3, direct-current isolating switch 6, DC side lightning protection device 7, direct current relay 8 and wave filter on DC side 9, wherein, one end of direct-current isolating switch 6 is connected with the output of photovoltaic group string 1, the other end of direct-current isolating switch 6 is connected with DC side lightning protection device 7, and direct current relay 8 is arranged between DC side lightning protection device 7 and wave filter on DC side 9.The AC circuit comprises alternating-current switch 4, A.C. contactor 5 and wave filter on AC side 17.
The utlity model has the course of work of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of open circuit voltage defencive function: direct current relay 8 keeps normally off, closed direct-current isolating switch 6, alternating-current switch 4 manual closings, monitor DC voltages by the direct current voltage sensor 3 that is arranged on DC side: if surpass starting resistor, AC starts the same period, simultaneous completion, the closed A.C. contactor 5 of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operation; Enough if there is starting resistor, but the not enough 1KW situation of power output, such as severe cold weather may occur morning, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is wanted the time delay operation usually.Now direct current voltage sensor keeps the monitoring continuous off-state voltage, if open circuit voltage in the permission standard, in 1000V, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter continues to wait for until time delay finishes, and restarts; If open circuit voltage surpasses the permission standard, disconnect direct current relay 8.Direct current relay 8 keeps open circuit, until ambient temperature rises to a certain degree, continuous off-state voltage drops to tolerance interval, and now direct current relay 8 can auto-closing, makes photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter reenter start-up routine.
The DC side circuit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in solar photovoltaic generation system needs overcurrent protection; after the DC circuit breaker of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is replaced with to direct-current isolating switch and direct current relay; can also increase current protector in DC side, meet short-circuit protection function.Fig. 3 is the preferred structure schematic diagram that the utlity model has the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of open circuit voltage defencive function; also be provided with DC fuse in the DC side circuit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of this embodiment, this DC fuse is arranged between direct current relay 8 and wave filter on DC side 9.DC fuse preferably adopts fast acting fuse 10, and effect is the protection of short circuit and overcurrent.Preferably direct current relay 8 adopts up-to-date large capacity high direct current relay, withstand voltage 2200VDC, and rated operational voltage 900VDC, continuous electrical current 500A, turn-off current can reach 3200A.Now can be understood as is that the DC circuit breaker in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the prior art shown in Fig. 1 is cancelled, and replaces with direct-current isolating switch 6+ direct current relay 8+ fast acting fuse 10.This setting can improve the fail safe of the even whole solar photovoltaic generation system operation of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, improves the cost performance of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter design, greatly reduces the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter overall dimensions, reduces costs simultaneously.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter shown in Fig. 3 is to set gradually in DC side the direct-current isolating switch 6 be connected with photovoltaic group string 1, DC side lightning protection device 7, direct current relay 8, fast acting fuse 10 and wave filter on DC side 9, output at wave filter on DC side also is provided with DC side insulating monitoring circuit 11, this DC side insulating monitoring circuit 11 can carry out Real-Time Monitoring to continuous off-state voltage, surpass the permission standard if monitor continuous off-state voltage, can send alarm signal by DC side insulating monitoring circuit 11 self or the control circuit of separately establishing, disconnect on the one hand direct current relay 8, activating alarm is to a distant place on the other hand.Direct current relay 8 keeps open circuit, until ambient temperature rises to a certain degree, continuous off-state voltage drops to tolerance interval, and control circuit sends signal closes direct current relay 8, makes photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter reenter start-up routine.DC side lightning protection device 7 and DC side insulating monitoring circuit 11 all go to and obtain signal from direct current relay 8 in fact, to keep enough protective effects.
The photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with open circuit voltage defencive function that the utility model provides, preferably set up one or more power supplys circuit be provided, and specifically can be provided with photovoltaic DC side incoming power 12 at the DC side circuit, takes from photovoltaic DC side inlet wire; Be provided with AC outlet switch power supply 13 at AC; Be provided with ups power 14 at AC, this arranges the DC power supply circuit of having revised existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, one or more power supply presentation modes are set, especially when the multiple power sources presentation mode, multiple power supplies is standby each other, has improved the fail safe of optics inverter and even the operation of whole solar photovoltaic generation system.
In photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, because relevant criterion has requirement to grid-connected interference, wave filter on AC side 17 preferably is set usually, eliminate the interference in the AC circuit, the interference that wave filter on DC side 9 is eliminated in the DC side circuit is set.There is inverter bridge 15 in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, can be understood as is that a side of inverter bridge 15 is the DC side circuit, opposite side is the AC circuit, be provided with data-interface 16 on inverter bridge 15, as I/O interface, RS485 interface, data logger interface etc., but the input of data logger interface JA(junction ambient) sensor signal, to record ambient temperature measuring point data, photovoltaic group string temperature point data, amount of radiation measuring point data etc.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is different from general direct current system, the direct current output of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can't form very large impulse current, simultaneously, its characteristic is influenced by environmental temperature, more consideration DC equipment breaking capacity and better arc extinguishing ability in traditional design and type selecting, but in actual motion, this operating mode can't appear.And may occur that operating mode is that scope range of the fluctuation of voltage is large, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and even whole solar photovoltaic generation system safe operation are threatened greatly.This is the exclusive characteristics of photovoltaic energy system, existing a plurality of project operation records are confirmed, and especially, at the normal low temperature that the design extreme temperature occurs surpassing of some cold district, cause photovoltaic cell board component group string open circuit voltage to surpass design value, make the equipment permanent damages, bring potential safety hazard simultaneously.The photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with open circuit voltage defencive function that the utility model relates to; the DC side circuit adopts the unique design of direct-current isolating switch and direct current relay; realize traditional function by higher price-performance ratio; there is the open circuit voltage defencive function simultaneously; effectively protect photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter integral device circuit, simultaneously, made the size reduction of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; and having reduced to a great extent cost, cost can be saved more than 80%.And; make system more reasonable; more meet the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operation characteristic; without reducing photovoltaic group string number, guarantee that photovoltaic group string open circuit voltage is not withstand voltage higher than inverter direct current maximum, realize the open circuit voltage defencive function; make protection more perfect; move saferly, improved cost performance, increased returns of investment.
It should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make the invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way creation.Therefore; although this specification has been described in detail the invention with reference to drawings and Examples; but; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; still can modify or be equal to replacement the invention; in a word, all do not break away from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection range of the invention patent.
Claims (6)
1. the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with open circuit voltage defencive function; comprise the DC side circuit, inverter bridge and the AC circuit that are connected successively with photovoltaic group string; described DC side circuit comprises DC side lightning protection device and wave filter on DC side; it is characterized in that; described DC side circuit also comprises direct-current isolating switch and direct current relay; one end of described direct-current isolating switch is connected with the output of photovoltaic group string; the other end of described direct-current isolating switch is connected with the DC side lightning protection device, and described direct current relay is arranged between DC side lightning protection device and wave filter on DC side.
2. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described DC side circuit also comprises DC fuse, and described DC fuse is arranged between direct current relay and wave filter on DC side.
3. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described DC fuse is fast acting fuse.
4. according to the described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, at the DC side circuit, be provided with photovoltaic DC side incoming power; And/or, be provided with AC outlet switch power supply at AC; And/or, be provided with ups power at AC.
5. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the withstand voltage of described direct current relay is 2200V, and rated operational voltage is 900V.
6. according to the described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described DC side circuit also comprises DC side insulating monitoring circuit, and described DC side insulating monitoring circuit is arranged at the output of wave filter on DC side.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320470457.XU CN203387424U (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | Photovoltaic inverter with open-circuit voltage protection function |
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| CN201320470457.XU CN203387424U (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | Photovoltaic inverter with open-circuit voltage protection function |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368426A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-10-23 | 北京中电安博机电技术有限公司 | Photovoltaic inverter with open-circuit voltage protection function |
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2013
- 2013-08-02 CN CN201320470457.XU patent/CN203387424U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368426A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-10-23 | 北京中电安博机电技术有限公司 | Photovoltaic inverter with open-circuit voltage protection function |
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Effective date of registration: 20160608 Address after: Tianchuang Technology Building 8 No. 100080 Beijing Haidian District City Square Road, room 708 Patentee after: Zheng Yonggang Address before: Tianchuang Technology Building 8 No. 100080 Beijing Haidian District City Square Road, room 708 Patentee before: BEIJING ZHONGDIAN ALBER ELECTROMECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20140108 |