CN117200591A - Low-inductance hydrogen production power supply topology and control method thereof - Google Patents
Low-inductance hydrogen production power supply topology and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The application discloses a low inductance hydrogen production power supply topology, which is characterized in that: the power supply circuit comprises a phase-shifting transformer, a first three-level Buck circuit and a second three-level Buck circuit, wherein the primary side of the phase-shifting transformer is fed with alternating current power supply; the secondary side of the phase-shifting transformer has two windings: the first winding and the second winding output alternating current with a phase difference of 30 degrees; the first winding is connected with the input end of the first three-level Buck circuit, the second winding is connected with the input end of the second three-level Buck circuit, and the output ends of the first three-level Buck circuit and the second three-level Buck circuit are connected in parallel to lead out the positive and negative poles of the output direct current of the hydrogen production power supply. The application has the advantages that: compared with the traditional hydrogen production power supply, the voltage stress of the power device is only half of the input voltage, and the filter inductance and capacitance can be effectively reduced, so that the volume of the device is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of hydrogen production power supplies, in particular to a low-inductance hydrogen production power supply topology and a control method thereof.
Background
The hydrogen production power supply refers to a power supply applied to the field of electrolytic hydrogen production, and generally adopts high-voltage direct current to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production, such as a water electrolysis hydrogen production power supply, a control method and a hydrogen production system with the patent application number of 202310038793.5, which are the purposes of realizing water electrolysis hydrogen production through the output direct current. According to the power supply system, the rectifier module, the harmonic compensation module and the PFC boost module work cooperatively under different working conditions, so that low harmonic on the input side and low ripple output are realized. The low ripple is one of important reference indexes of the hydrogen production power supply, in the prior art, such as the patent (application number 202310038793.5), the harmonic compensation module and the PFC boost module are added in the hydrogen production power supply to cooperate to realize the purpose of low ripple, and the output of the satisfied ground ripple is realized, but an electrical element is additionally added, so that the cost is increased;
meanwhile, the hydrogen production power supply generally has the functions of performing voltage conversion and the like on power devices such as IGBT and the like, and has the defects of damage to the power devices to a certain extent and low service life due to larger moral voltage stress.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a low-inductance hydrogen production power supply topology and a control method thereof, and can meet the requirement of low ripple output of the hydrogen production power supply by designing a new hydrogen production power supply topology, and meanwhile, the voltage stress of a power device is smaller.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the low inductance hydrogen production power supply topology comprises a phase-shifting transformer, a first three-level Buck circuit and a second three-level Buck circuit, wherein the primary side of the phase-shifting transformer is fed with alternating current power supply; the secondary side of the phase-shifting transformer has two windings: the first winding and the second winding output alternating current with a phase difference of 30 degrees; the first winding is connected with the input end of the first three-level Buck circuit, the second winding is connected with the input end of the second three-level Buck circuit, and the output ends of the first three-level Buck circuit and the second three-level Buck circuit are connected in parallel to lead out the positive and negative poles of the output direct current of the hydrogen production power supply.
And a low-voltage side filter capacitor C3 is arranged in parallel between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output hydrogen production power supply.
The first three-level Buck circuit and the second three-level Buck circuit are the same and both comprise: first rectifier diode D 1-1 Second rectifier diode D 2-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 DC filter capacitor C d1 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 First power switch tube V 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Filter inductance L 1 。
The connection relation of each component in the first three-level Buck circuit or the second three-level Buck circuit is as follows:
the first rectifying diode D 1-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Is an uncontrolled device and is connected with a common cathode, the cathode of which is connected with a first power switch tube V 1-1 Collector, high side capacitor C 1-1 Positive terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 The positive ends are connected; second rectifier diode D 2-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 Is an uncontrolled device and is connected with a common anode, and the anode and a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Emitter, high side capacitance C of (2) 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d The negative terminal is connected with the first power switch tube V 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Is a fully controlled device, the high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 Positive terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 Positive terminal, first power switch tube V 1-1 The negative terminal is connected with the high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 Positive terminal, second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter, third power switching tube V 3-1 Collector is connected with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 Negative terminal, fourth power switch tube V 4-1 The emitter of which is connected;
the first power switch tube V of the first winding 1-1 Collector and dc filter capacitor C d1 Positive terminal and high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 The positive end is connected with the first power switch tube V 1-1 Emitter and second of (2)Power switch tube V 2-1 Collector of (d) and filter inductance L 1 Is connected to the first end of the housing; the second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter of (c) and third power switching tube V 3-1 Collector, high side capacitor C 1-1 Negative terminal with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 The positive end is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Collector of (a) and a second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter, high side capacitance C of (2) 1-1 Negative terminal with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 The positive end is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Emitter of (c) and fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Collector, low-side capacitance C of (2) 3 Connected with the fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Emitter and high side capacitance C of (C) 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d-1 The negative terminal is connected with the low-voltage side capacitor C 3 Positive end and electrolytic tank positive end and filter inductor L 1 The negative terminal is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Emitter, fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Is connected with the negative end of the electrolytic tank.
DC filter capacitor C d1 、C d2 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 、C 1-2 、C 2-2 Low-voltage side capacitor C 3 To meet the requirements of withstand voltage and voltage ripple, the capacitor is selected according to rated voltage, voltage ripple and equivalent series resistance:
C 1-1 、C 2-1 、C 1-2 、C 2-2 the capacitance value is selected as:
wherein P is the power of the power cell; deltaU dc Is the high-voltage side capacitor voltage fluctuation; f (f) s Is equivalent switching frequency;
the low-side capacitance has a value of
Where Deltau is the low side capacitor voltage ripple.
Filter inductance L 1 、L 2 To meet the current ripple and current-withstanding requirements, the inductor is selected based on rated current, current ripple and equivalent series resistance, and the value of the inductor L1 in the first and second three-level Buck circuits is
Wherein I is L For the rated current of the inductor, deltaI is the fluctuation value of the inductor current.
The method comprises a control strategy of a voltage outer ring and a current inner ring, wherein the voltage outer ring enables a Buck circuit to track instruction voltage, the current inner ring is used for current sharing control, inductance current is closed-loop controlled according to a current instruction value generated by the voltage outer ring, each phase converter is provided with an independent current inner ring, the two independent current control inner rings share the voltage control outer ring, the average value of two-phase inductance current is independently fed back to the two independent current inner rings, the output voltage of the converter is fed back to the voltage outer ring, the output of the voltage outer ring is used as a given reference value of the two current inner rings, and balance of two-phase inductance current is realized while stability of the output voltage is ensured.
When the three-level Buck circuit power switch tube connected with the first winding works normally, the first power switch tube V 1-1 And a second power switch tube V 2-1 According to the complementary conduction of the drive signal instruction, a third power switch tube V 3-1 And a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Complementary conduction is performed according to the driving signal instruction;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (1) is high, the first power switch tube V 1-1 On, at this time, the third power switch tube V 3-1 Conduction, high-side capacitor C 1-1 To filter inductance L 1 Low-side capacitance C 3 Charging;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the second powerRate switching tube V 2-1 On, if the power switch tube V 3-1 、V 4-1 When the driving signal of (2) is high, the third power switch tube V 3-1 Conduction, low-side capacitance C 3 Through the filter inductance L 1 Discharging;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the second power switch tube V 2-1 On, if the power switch tube V 3-1 、V 4-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Conducting, high-voltage side capacitor passes through filter inductance L 1 Capacitor C to low voltage side 3 And (5) charging.
The driving signal of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the second winding is controlled by delaying the driving signal by half a switching period in time compared with the driving signal of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the first winding.
The application has the advantages that: compared with the traditional hydrogen production power supply, the voltage stress of the power device is only half of the input voltage, and the filter inductance and capacitance can be effectively reduced, so that the volume of the device is reduced. The feedforward is added in the control to improve the dynamic response speed, the capacitor equalizing ring is added to solve the problem of non-equalizing voltage of the capacitor at the high voltage side, the driving signals of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the two windings are different by half of a switching period, and the ripple wave of the output current is further reduced.
Drawings
The contents of the drawings and the marks in the drawings of the present specification are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a topological structure diagram of a hydrogen generation power supply according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-producing power supply control method according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the application refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the application in further detail.
The application provides a low inductance hydrogen production power supply topology and a control method, wherein the hydrogen production power supply topology mainly comprises two secondary windings which are different by 30 degrees and are respectively connected with three-level Buck circuit outputs in parallel. The secondary stepThe side first winding and the three-level Buck circuit connected with the same are mainly composed of a first rectifier diode D 1-1 Second rectifier diode D 2-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 DC filter capacitor C d1 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 First power switch tube V 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Filter inductance L 1 Low-side capacitance C 3 The composition of the second winding on the secondary side is identical to that of a circuit connected with the first winding; the control method mainly adopts a traditional control strategy of a voltage outer ring and a current inner ring, the voltage outer ring enables Buck converters to track instruction voltage, the current inner ring is used for current sharing control, inductive current is closed-loop controlled according to a current instruction value generated by the voltage outer ring, each phase converter needs to be provided with an independent current inner ring, the two independent current control inner rings share the voltage control outer ring, the average value of two-phase inductive current is independently fed back to the two independent current inner rings, the output voltage of the converters is fed back to the voltage outer ring, the output of the voltage outer ring serves as a given reference value of the two current inner rings, and balance of the two-phase inductive current is realized while the stability of the output voltage is ensured. And the feedforward is added in the control to improve the dynamic response speed, the capacitor equalizing ring is added to solve the problem of non-equalizing voltage of the capacitor at the high voltage side, the driving signals of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the two windings are different by half of a switching period, and the ripple wave of the output current is further reduced. Compared with the traditional hydrogen production power supply, the low-inductance hydrogen production power supply topology and the control method provided by the application have the advantages that the voltage stress of the power device is only half of the input voltage, and the filter inductance and the capacitance can be effectively reduced, so that the equipment volume is reduced.
As shown in FIG. 1, the low inductance hydrogen production power supply topology provided by the application comprises a phase-shifting transformer and two paths of three-level Buck circuits: the first three-level Buck circuit and the second three-level Buck circuit;
the primary side of the phase-shifting transformer is fed with ac power, and the secondary side of the phase-shifting transformer has two windings: the first winding and the second winding output alternating current with a phase difference of 30 degrees; each first winding and each second winding respectively correspond to three voltage Buck levels;
the first winding is connected with the input end of the first three-level Buck circuit, the second winding is connected with the input end of the second three-level Buck circuit, and the output ends of the first three-level Buck circuit and the second three-level Buck circuit are connected in parallel to lead out the positive and negative poles of the output direct current of the hydrogen production power supply. And a low-voltage side filter capacitor C3 is arranged in parallel between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output hydrogen production power supply.
The three-level Buck circuit comprises a first three-level Buck circuit and a second three-level Buck circuit, and the circuits are the same and all comprise: first rectifier diode D 1-1 Second rectifier diode D 2-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 DC filter capacitor C d1 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 First power switch tube V 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Filter inductance L 1 。
The connection relation of the first three-level Buck circuit or the second three-level Buck circuit is the same, the connection relation of the first three-level Buck circuit is introduced by taking the first three-level Buck circuit as an example, and the connection relation of all components is as follows:
first rectifier diode D 1-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Is an uncontrolled device and is connected with a common cathode, the cathode of which is connected with a first power switch tube V 1-1 Collector, high side capacitor C 1-1 Positive terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 The positive ends are connected; second rectifier diode D 2-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 Is an uncontrolled device and is connected with a common anode, and the anode and a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Emitter, high voltage ofSide capacitor C 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d The negative end is connected with a first power switch tube V 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Is a fully controlled device, high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 Positive terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 Positive terminal, first power switch tube V 1-1 The collector of (C) is connected with the high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 Negative terminal and high side capacitor C 2-1 Positive terminal, second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter, third power switching tube V 3-1 Collector is connected with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 Negative terminal, fourth power switch tube V 4-1 The emitter of which is connected;
first power switch tube V 1-1 Collector and dc filter capacitor C d1 Positive terminal and high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 The positive end is connected with a first power switch tube V 1-1 Emitter of (c) and second power switching tube V 2-1 Collector of (d) and filter inductance L 1 Is connected to the first end of the housing; second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter of (c) and third power switching tube V 3-1 Collector, high side capacitor C 1-1 Negative terminal with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 The positive end is connected with a third power switch tube V 3-1 Collector of (a) and a second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter, high side capacitance C of (2) 1-1 Negative terminal with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 The positive end is connected with a third power switch tube V 3-1 Emitter of (c) and fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Collector, low-side capacitance C of (2) 3 Connected with a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Emitter and high side capacitance C of (C) 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d-1 The negative end is connected with a first power switch tube V 1-1 The emitter of the capacitor is led out of the anode through an inductor L1, and is connected with a third power switch tube V 3-1 The emitter of the three-voltage Buck circuit is led out of the cathode, the anode and the cathode of the two three-voltage Buck circuits are connected in parallel to form the anode and the cathode of a corresponding hydrogen production power supply, and a capacitor C3 is arranged at two ends of the anode and the cathode in parallel. I.e. low-side capacitance C 3 Positive end and electrolytic tank positive end and filter inductor L 1 The negative terminal is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Emitter, fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Is connected with the negative end of the electrolytic tank.
Since the second third voltage Buck circuit is identical to the first third voltage Buck circuit and the connection relationship is identical, further description is not provided herein.
In the three-voltage Buck circuit, a DC filter capacitor C d1 、C d2 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 、C 1-2 、C 2-2 Low-voltage side capacitor C 3 To meet the requirements of withstand voltage and voltage ripple, the capacitor is selected according to rated voltage, voltage ripple and equivalent series resistance:
the requirements C of withstand voltage and voltage ripple should be met in application 1-1 、C 2-1 、C 1-2 、C 2-2 The capacitance value is selected as:
wherein P is the power of the power cell; u (U) dc Outputting a direct-current voltage for the rectifying circuit; deltaU dc Is the high-voltage side capacitor voltage fluctuation; f (f) s U0 is the output voltage of the hydrogen production power supply (the voltage after the parallel output of the two Buck circuits) for equivalent switching frequency;
the low-side capacitance C3 has a value of
Wherein Deltau is the low-side capacitor voltage fluctuation and DeltaI is the total inductor current fluctuation.
Filter inductance L 1 、L 2 To meet the requirements of current ripple and current resistance, the inductor is selected based on rated current, current ripple and equivalent series resistance, and the value of the inductor L1 in the first and second three-level Buck circuits is as follows: (or L2)
Wherein I is L1(2) Is the inductance L 1(2) Rated current, deltaI 1(2) Is the inductance L 1(2) Fluctuation of U 0 Is the output voltage of the hydrogen production power supply.
The control method comprises a control strategy of a voltage outer ring and a current inner ring, wherein the voltage outer ring enables a Buck circuit to track instruction voltage, the current inner ring is used for current sharing control, inductance current is closed-loop controlled according to a current instruction value generated by the voltage outer ring, each phase converter is provided with an independent current inner ring, the two independent current control inner rings share the voltage control outer ring, the average value of two-phase inductance current is independently fed back to the two independent current inner rings, the output voltage of the converter is fed back to the voltage outer ring, the output of the voltage outer ring serves as a given reference value of the two current inner rings, and balance of two-phase inductance current is realized while stability of the output voltage is ensured.
When the three-level Buck circuit power switch tube connected with the first winding works normally, the first power switch tube V 1-1 And a second power switch tube V 2-1 According to the complementary conduction of the drive signal instruction, a third power switch tube V 3-1 And a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Complementary conduction is performed according to the driving signal instruction;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (1) is high, the first power switch tube V 1-1 On, at this time, the third power switch tube V 3-1 Conduction, high-side capacitor C 1-1 To filter inductance L 1 Low-side capacitance C 3 Charging;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the second power switch tube V 2-1 On, if the power switch tube V 3-1 、V 4-1 When the driving signal of (2) is high, the third power switch tube V 3-1 Conduction, low-side capacitance C 3 Through the filter inductance L 1 Discharging;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 Is set to the drive signal of (2)When low, the second power switch tube V 2-1 On, if the power switch tube V 3-1 、V 4-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Conducting, high-voltage side capacitor passes through filter inductance L 1 Capacitor C to low voltage side 3 And (5) charging.
The driving signal of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the second winding is controlled by delaying the driving signal by half a switching period in time compared with the driving signal of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the first winding.
The hydrogen production power supply topological structure is shown in fig. 1, and the topological structure comprises: the secondary side first winding and the three-level Buck circuit connected with the secondary side first winding are mainly composed of a first rectifier diode D 1-1 Second rectifier diode D 2-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 DC filter capacitor C d1 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 First power switch tube V 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Filter inductance L 1 Low-side capacitance C 3 The composition of the secondary side second winding is identical to that of the circuit connected with the first winding.
DC filter capacitor C d1 、C d2 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 、C 1-2 、C 2-2 Low-voltage side capacitor C 3 To meet the requirements of withstand voltage and voltage ripple, the main factors selected by the capacitor are: rated voltage, voltage ripple, and equivalent series resistance; the filter inductance L 1 、L 2 To meet the current ripple and current withstanding requirements, the main factors for inductance selection are: rated current, current ripple, and equivalent series resistance.
Wherein C is 1-1 、C 2-1 、C 1-2 、C 2-2 Capacitance value is
Wherein P is the power of the power cell; deltaU dc Is the high-voltage side capacitor voltage fluctuation; f (f) s Is the equivalent switching frequency.
Wherein L is 1 、L 2 The value of (2) is
Wherein I is L For the rated current of the inductor, deltaI is the fluctuation value of the inductor current.
The low-side capacitance has a value of
Where Deltau is the low side capacitor voltage ripple.
The first rectifying diode D is arranged on the secondary side of the first winding 1-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Is an uncontrolled device and is connected with a common cathode, the cathode of which is connected with a first power switch tube V 1-1 Collector of (2) and positive, high-voltage side capacitor C of DC power supply 1-1 Positive terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 The positive ends are connected; second rectifier diode D 2-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 Is an uncontrolled device and is connected with a common anode, and the anode and a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Emitter and high side capacitance C of (C) 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d The negative end is connected with the first power switch tube V of the secondary side first winding 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Is a fully controlled device, the high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 Positive terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 Positive terminal, first power switch tube V 1-1 The negative terminal is connected with the high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 Positive terminal, second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter, third power switching tube V 3-1 Collector is connected with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 Negative terminal, fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Emitter, low side capacitance C of (2) 3 The negative end is connected with the negative end of the electrolytic tank.
The first power switch tube V is provided with a first winding on the secondary side 1-1 Collector and dc filter capacitor C d1 Positive terminal and high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 The positive end is connected with the first power switch tube V 1-1 Emitter of (c) and second power switching tube V 2-1 Collector of (d) and filter inductance L 1 Is connected to the first end of the housing; the second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter of (c) and third power switching tube V 3-1 Collector, high side capacitor C 1-1 Negative terminal with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 The positive end is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Collector of (a) and a second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter, high side capacitance C of (2) 1-1 Negative terminal with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 The positive end is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Emitter of (c) and fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Collector, low-side capacitance C of (2) 3 Connected with the fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Emitter and high side capacitance C of (C) 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d-1 The negative terminal is connected with the low-voltage side capacitor C 3 Positive end and electrolytic tank positive end and filter inductor L 1 The negative terminal is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Emitter, fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Is connected with the negative end of the electrolytic tank.
As shown in fig. 2, the control method of the power topology is shown in the present application, the control of the output voltage is realized by controlling the power switching tube in the Buck circuit, the control strategy mainly adopts the control strategy of the voltage outer loop and the current inner loop, the voltage outer loop enables the Buck converter to track the command voltage, the current inner loop is used for current sharing control, the inductive current is closed-loop controlled according to the current command value generated by the voltage outer loop, each phase converter needs to be configured with an independent current inner loop, the two independent current control inner loops share one voltage control outer loop, the average value of the two phase inductive currents is independently fed back to the two independent current inner loops, the output voltage of the converter is fed back to the voltage outer loop, the output of the voltage outer loop is used as a given reference value of the two current inner loops, and the balance of the two phase inductive currents is realized while the stability of the output voltage is ensured. And the feedforward is added in the control to improve the dynamic response speed, the capacitor equalizing ring is added to solve the problem of non-equalizing voltage of the capacitor at the high voltage side, the driving signals of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the two windings are different by half of a switching period, and the ripple wave of the output current is further reduced.
In order to realize constant voltage output, the application needs a voltage outer loop to track the command voltage, namely the output voltage U 0 Tracking reference voltage U ref The output of the voltage outer ring is the reference value of the current inner ring, thereby realizing the current sharing of the two inductive currents, namely the inductive current IL 1(2) Tracking the output of the voltage outer loop, i.e. I ref To increase the dynamic response speed, feedforward is added in the control, i.e. the output voltage U is added to the output of the current loop 0 And rectify output voltage U dc1(2) Ratio U of (2) 0 /U dc1(2) To solve the high-voltage side capacitance C d1 、C d2 To increase the capacitance equalizing ring, i.e. the voltage U of the two capacitors at the high voltage side 1(2)-1 、U 1(2)-2 After difference making, the difference is amplified by a proportional link and then is matched with two inductance currents IL 1(2) Is the sign function of (when the inductor current IL 1(2) When the inductance current IL is greater than zero, the value is 1 1(2) When zero, it is 0, and when the inductance current IL 1(2) And when the current is less than zero, the current is minus 1), multiplied by the feedforward signal and the output operation of the current inner loop to generate the control signal of the switching tube.
When the three-level Buck circuit power switch tube connected with the first winding works normally, the first power switch tube V 1-1 And a second power switch tube V 2-1 According to the complementary conduction of the drive signal instruction, a third power switch tube V 3-1 And a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Complementary conduction is performed according to the driving signal instruction;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (1) is high, the first power switch tube V 1-1 On, at this time, the third power switch tube V 3-1 Conduction, high-side capacitor C 1-1 To filter inductance L 1 Low-side capacitorC 3 Charging;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the second power switch tube V 2-1 On, if the power switch tube V 3-1 、V 4-1 When the driving signal of (2) is high, the third power switch tube V 3-1 Conduction, low-side capacitance C 3 Through the filter inductance L 1 Discharging;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the second power switch tube V 2-1 On, if the power switch tube V 3-1 、V 4-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Conducting, high-voltage side capacitor passes through filter inductance L 1 Capacitor C to low voltage side 3 And (5) charging.
The drive signal of the three-level Buck circuit connected to the second winding is delayed in time by only half a switching period compared to the three-level Buck circuit connected to the first winding.
The topology of the application is characterized in that two windings on the secondary side of a transformer are connected with a rectifying circuit and then are respectively connected with a three-level Buck circuit, and finally are output in parallel. The staggered parallel technology used by the application can reduce the ripple amplitude of the output current of the converter, smooth the output side current, reduce the stress requirement of a switching device and improve the power density and the efficiency of the converter. Meanwhile, the use of the staggered parallel technology can reduce the volumes of the filter inductor and the capacitor, and is beneficial to saving the cost. In control, the capacitor equalizing ring is added to solve the problem of unbalanced voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor, the voltage feedforward is added to improve the dynamic response speed of the system, the control system obtains more feedback information by the application of the voltage and current double closed loops, any one of the voltage and current changes when the sampling time comes can be used for control, the current can be directly and quickly adjusted when the current changes, the stable output voltage of the system can be ensured, the good balance degree of two three-level inductor currents can be ensured, and the damage of equipment caused by different two inductor currents can be prevented.
Because the application adopts the staggered parallel technology, the parameter design of the components in each branch phase converter and various parasitic parameters of the circuit board in the staggered parallel converter system have differences, and if each single-phase converter is put into operation only by simple parallel connection, the possibility of occurrence of the power distribution non-uniformity condition of each branch phase converter is high. The phase with large output current bears higher electric stress and thermal stress, and once the parallel converter system is in a long-term overload operation condition, the damage probability of the phase with high output current is directly increased, so that the service life of the whole parallel converter system is further influenced. When the staggered parallel converter system works under the heavy load condition, the branch phase with the largest output current can reach the maximum current threshold value first, so that the system protection is triggered to cause the abnormal operation of the whole staggered parallel converter system. Therefore, it is extremely important to control the current load distribution of the parallel converter system, so that it is necessary to equalize the current of each branch by using a parallel current equalizing technique. Therefore, in the multiphase interleaved parallel converter, at least one voltage outer loop for realizing output voltage stabilization and one current inner loop for current sharing control are needed, and each phase converter needs to be configured with an independent current inner loop, so that the voltage-current double-closed-loop PI control strategy is very suitable for controlling the multiphase interleaved parallel converter.
The application adopts the two-phase staggered parallel three-electric Buck converter, and the topological structure is an improvement on the basis of the traditional single-phase three-level Buck converter. Although the switching frequency of each phase of switching tube is equal, the triggering phase is pi/2 different, so that the ripple waves after the two phases of inductive currents are overlapped cancel one another. The staggered parallel technology can reduce the amplitude of output current and voltage ripple of the converter, greatly reduce the size and the dimension of energy storage and filtering elements due to the reduction of the output current ripple and the voltage ripple, remarkably improve the power density of the converter and provide an effective solution for application occasions requiring low input and output current ripple. The original high-power system is divided into a plurality of low-power systems in a parallel mode, and the current load born by the low-power systems is small, so that the requirements on the current-resistant index of the power switch device are reduced, the electric stress, the thermal stress and the circuit loss of the phase-separated converter are reduced, the cost of the device is reduced, and the reliability and the efficiency of the whole power converter system are improved.
The voltage-current double-closed-loop PI control strategy of the application adopts a control structure shown in figure 2, namely, two independent current control inner loops share a voltage control outer loop. The average value of the two-phase inductance current is independently fed back to the two independent current inner loops. The output voltage of the converter being fed back to the outer voltage loop, i.e. output voltage U 0 Tracking reference voltage U ref The output of the voltage outer ring is used as a given reference value of the two current inner rings, thereby realizing the current sharing of the two-phase inductance current, namely the inductance current IL 1(2) Tracking the output I of the voltage outer loop ref So that the balance of the two-phase inductance current can be realized while the output voltage is ensured to be stable. To increase the dynamic response speed, feedforward is added in the control, i.e. the output of the current loop is added with the output voltage U 0 And rectify output voltage U dc1(2) Ratio U of (2) 0 /U dc1(2) The voltage difference of the high-voltage side capacitor can cause that one capacitor can age too fast, 2 capacitors can be possibly caused to have larger voltage difference, and the capacitor with large breakdown voltage can be damaged or even broken down, so that the performance and service life of the capacitor are seriously influenced, the work of equipment is influenced, and the capacitor C at the high voltage side is solved d1 、C d2 To increase the capacitance equalizing ring, i.e. the voltage U of the two capacitors at the high voltage side 1(2)-1 、U 1(2)-2 After difference making, the difference is amplified by a proportional link and then is matched with two inductance currents IL 1(2) Is the sign function of (when the inductor current IL 1(2) When the inductance current IL is greater than zero, the value is 1 1(2) When zero, it is 0, and when the inductance current IL 1(2) And when the current is less than zero, the current is minus 1), multiplied by the feedforward signal and the output operation of the current inner loop to generate the control signal of the switching tube.
It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present application is not limited by the above-mentioned modes, and that it is within the scope of protection of the present application only to adopt various insubstantial modifications made by the method conception and technical scheme of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a low inductance value hydrogen manufacturing power topology which characterized in that: the power supply circuit comprises a phase-shifting transformer, a first three-level Buck circuit and a second three-level Buck circuit, wherein the primary side of the phase-shifting transformer is fed with alternating current power supply; the secondary side of the phase-shifting transformer has two windings: the first winding and the second winding output alternating current with a phase difference of 30 degrees; the first winding is connected with the input end of the first three-level Buck circuit, the second winding is connected with the input end of the second three-level Buck circuit, and the output ends of the first three-level Buck circuit and the second three-level Buck circuit are connected in parallel to lead out the positive and negative poles of the output direct current of the hydrogen production power supply.
2. A low inductance hydrogen generating power supply topology as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a low-voltage side filter capacitor C3 is arranged in parallel between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output hydrogen production power supply.
3. A low inductance hydrogen generating power supply topology as recited in claim 2, wherein:
the first three-level Buck circuit and the second three-level Buck circuit are the same and both comprise: first rectifier diode D 1-1 Second rectifier diode D 2-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 DC filter capacitor C d1 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 First power switch tube V 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Filter inductance L 1 。
4. A low inductance hydrogen generating power supply topology as recited in claim 3, wherein:
the connection relation of each component in the first three-level Buck circuit or the second three-level Buck circuit is as follows:
the first rectifying diode D 1-1 Third rectifier diode D 3-1 Fifth rectifier diode D 5-1 Is an uncontrolled device and is connected with a common cathode, the cathode of which is connected with a first power switch tube V 1-1 Collector, high side capacitor C 1-1 Positive terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 The positive ends are connected; second rectifier diode D 2-1 Fourth rectifier diode D 4-1 Sixth rectifier diode D 6-1 Is an uncontrolled device and is connected with a common anode, and the anode and a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Emitter, high side capacitance C of (2) 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d The negative terminal is connected with the first power switch tube V 1-1 Second power switch tube V 2-1 Third power switch tube V 3-1 Fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Is a fully controlled device, the high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 Positive terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 Positive terminal, first power switch tube V 1-1 The negative terminal is connected with the high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 Positive terminal, second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter, third power switching tube V 3-1 Collector is connected with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d1 Negative terminal, fourth power switch tube V 4-1 The emitter of which is connected;
the first power switch tube V of the first winding 1-1 Collector and dc filter capacitor C d1 Positive terminal and high-voltage side capacitor C 1-1 The positive end is connected with the first power switch tube V 1-1 Emitter of (c) and second power switching tube V 2-1 Collector of (d) and filter inductance L 1 Is connected to the first end of the housing; the second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter of (c) and third power switching tube V 3-1 Collector, high side capacitor C 1-1 Negative terminal with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 The positive end is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Collector of (a) and a second power switch tube V 2-1 Emitter, high side capacitance C of (2) 1-1 Negative terminal with high-voltage side capacitor C 2-1 The positive end is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Emitter of (c) and fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Collector, low-side capacitance C of (2) 3 Connected with the fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Is of (1)Emitter and high side capacitor C 2-1 Negative terminal and DC filter capacitor C d-1 The negative terminal is connected with the low-voltage side capacitor C 3 Positive end and electrolytic tank positive end and filter inductor L 1 The negative terminal is connected with the third power switch tube V 3-1 Emitter, fourth power switching tube V 4-1 Is connected with the negative end of the electrolytic tank.
5. A low inductance hydrogen generating power supply topology as recited in claim 4, wherein:
DC filter capacitor C d1 、C d2 High-side capacitor C 1-1 、C 2-1 、C 1-2 、C 2-2 Low-voltage side capacitor C 3 The arrangement of (1) meets the requirements of withstand voltage and voltage ripple, and the capacitor is selected according to rated voltage, voltage ripple and equivalent series resistance:
C 1-1 、C 2-1 、C 1-2 、C 2-2 the capacitance value is selected as:
wherein P is the power of the power cell; deltaU dc Is the high-voltage side capacitor voltage fluctuation; f (f) s Is equivalent switching frequency;
the low-side capacitance has a value of
Where Deltau is the low side capacitor voltage ripple.
6. A low inductance hydrogen generating power supply topology as recited in claim 4, wherein:
filter inductance L 1 、L 2 To meet the current ripple and current-withstanding requirements, the inductor is selected based on rated current, current ripple and equivalent series resistance, and the value of the inductor L1 in the first and second three-level Buck circuits is
Wherein I is L For the rated current of the inductor, deltaI is the fluctuation value of the inductor current.
7. A method of controlling a low inductance hydrogen generation power supply topology as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:
the method comprises a control strategy of a voltage outer ring and a current inner ring, wherein the voltage outer ring enables a Buck circuit to track instruction voltage, the current inner ring is used for current sharing control, inductive current is subjected to closed loop control according to a current instruction value generated by the voltage outer ring, each phase converter is provided with an independent current inner ring, the two independent current control inner rings share the voltage control outer ring, the average value of two phase inductive currents is independently fed back to the two independent current inner rings, the output voltage of the converter is fed back to the voltage outer ring, the output of the voltage outer ring serves as a given reference value of the two current inner rings, and balance of the two phase inductive currents is realized while stable output voltage is ensured.
8. The control method of the low inductance hydrogen production power supply topology according to claim 7, wherein:
when the three-level Buck circuit power switch tube connected with the first winding works normally, the first power switch tube V 1-1 And a second power switch tube V 2-1 According to the complementary conduction of the drive signal instruction, a third power switch tube V 3-1 And a fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Complementary conduction is performed according to the driving signal instruction;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (1) is high, the first power switch tube V 1-1 On, at this time, the third power switch tube V 3-1 Conduction, high-side capacitor C 1-1 To filter inductance L 1 Low-side capacitance C 3 Charging;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 Is a drive signal of (2)When the number is low, the second power switch tube V 2-1 On, if the power switch tube V 3-1 、V 4-1 When the driving signal of (2) is high, the third power switch tube V 3-1 Conduction, low-side capacitance C 3 Through the filter inductance L 1 Discharging;
when power switch tube V 1-1 、V 2-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the second power switch tube V 2-1 On, if the power switch tube V 3-1 、V 4-1 When the driving signal of (2) is low, the fourth power switch tube V 4-1 Conducting, high-voltage side capacitor passes through filter inductance L 1 Capacitor C to low voltage side 3 And (5) charging.
The driving signal of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the second winding is controlled by delaying the driving signal by half a switching period in time compared with the driving signal of the three-level Buck circuit connected with the first winding.
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Inventor after: Teng Zhichu Inventor after: Guo Xiao Inventor after: Li Mingming Inventor after: Qian Xiangyi Inventor after: Gui Jixiang Inventor after: Zhang Jie Inventor after: Ma Wanzhen Inventor after: Han Leiyan Inventor after: Li Chao Inventor after: Ji Mengbo Inventor after: Chen Renfeng Inventor after: Lu Chengcheng Inventor after: Sun Rui Inventor after: Zhang Xiaolong Inventor before: Teng Zhichu Inventor before: Gui Jixiang Inventor before: Zhang Jie Inventor before: Li Chao Inventor before: Ji Mengbo Inventor before: Chen Renfeng Inventor before: Lu Chengcheng Inventor before: Zhang Xiaolong Inventor before: Guo Xiao Inventor before: Li Mingming Inventor before: Qian Xiangyi |