CN115800785B - Single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter comprises a switching tube S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 、S 5 、S 6 、S 7 、S 8 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 Inductance L 1 And L 2 Capacitance C 1 And C 2 Wherein the switching tube S 2 、S 4 、S 5 And diode D 1 、D 3 The connection forms a four-port structure, the structure can clamp capacitor voltage and increase power flow paths, and meanwhile, the structure can be used as a modularized unit, so that integration is facilitated. Compared with a two-level inverter, the inverter reduces the switching stress born by a semiconductor device, reduces the switching loss and the output harmonic content, and improves the output power quality and the system efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power electronic and electric energy conversion, in particular to a single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter.
Background
The energy storage inverter is used as a core component of the micro-grid energy storage system, and has important significance for improving the grid-connected power generation capacity of intermittent new energy. The inverter used in the traditional energy storage inverter is mainly a two-level inverter, and although the control of the two-level inverter is simple and the scheme is mature, the switching device needs to bear all direct-current side voltages, the switching device has high voltage resistance, the application of the switching device in high-voltage high-power occasions is severely limited, and the output harmonic content is higher, so that the output electric energy quality is not beneficial to improvement.
Aiming at the defects of the two-level inverter, the three-level inverter is applied, and compared with the two-level inverter, the three-level inverter greatly reduces the voltage stress born by a single switching device, is beneficial to the type selection of a switching tube, reduces the output harmonic content and the switching loss, and improves the output power quality and the system efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Compared with the traditional two-level inverter, the single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter provided by the invention has the advantages that the voltage stress born by a switching device is reduced, the service life of the switching device is prolonged, the switching loss and the output harmonic content are reduced, and the electric energy conversion efficiency and the output electric energy quality are improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter comprises a switching tube S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 、S 5 、S 6 、S 7 、S 8 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 Inductance L 1 、L 2 Capacitance C 1 、C 2 ；
Capacitor C 1 Positive electrode connection switch tube S 1 A drain connected to the node to form an endpoint p;
capacitor C 2 Negative electrode connection switch tube S 8 A source connected to the node to form an endpoint m;
capacitor C 1 The cathodes are respectively connected with a capacitor C 2 Positive electrode, switching tube S 5 A source connected to the node to form an end point n;
switch tube S 8 The drains are respectively connected with a switch tube S 6 Source, switch tube S 7 Source, diode D 1 Anode, diode D 2 An anode, the connection node of which constitutes an end point d;
switch tube S 1 The source electrodes are respectively connected with a switch tube S 2 Drain electrode, switch tube S 3 A drain connected to the node to form an end point c;
switch tube S 3 The sources are respectively connected with a diode D 2 Cathode, inductance L 2 The other end is connected with the node to form an endpoint b;
diode D 3 Cathode connection inductance L 1 One end, its connection node forms endpoint a;
switch tube S 4 Source electrodes are respectively connected with a diode D 1 Cathode, diode D 3 The anode is connected;
switch tube S 5 Drain electrodes are respectively connected with the switch tube S 2 Source, switch tube S 4 The drain electrode is connected;
switch tube S 6 Drain electrode and inductance L respectively 1 Another end, load R L One end is connected;
switch tube S 7 Drain electrode and inductance L respectively 2 One end, load R L The other end is connected.
In the energy storage inverter, a switching tube S 2 Switch tube S 4 Switch tube S 5 Diode D 1 And diode D 3 The four ports are respectively port a, port c, port d and port n. The four-port structure clamps the capacitor voltage, increases the power circulation path in the circuit, and ensures the realization of the three-level function of the circuit.
In the energy storage inverter, a switching tube S 1 ～S 8 Are all power field effect transistors (MOSFETs) with body diodes or Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs).
In the energy storage inverter, an endpoint p and an endpoint m are connected with an output side of a bidirectional DC-DC converter, and an input side of the bidirectional DC-DC converter is connected with an energy storage battery.
In the energy storage inverter, a capacitor C 1 、C 2 For electrolytic capacitors with equal capacitance values, each capacitor bears direct current voltage U at the output side of the bidirectional DC-DC converter s Provides a condition for realizing the three-level function of the circuit.
The energy storage inverter comprises the following six working modes during normal operation:
and a first working mode: switch tube S 1 、S 2 、S 4 、S 7 、S 8 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair inductance L 1 And a load R L Power supply, inductance L 1 Current i L1 Linearly rise to output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝+U s 。
And a working mode II: switch tube S 4 、S 7 、S 8 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 Charging, capacitor C 1 Voltage rise, capacitance C 2 To inductance L 1 And a load R L Power supply, capacitor C 2 Voltage drop, inductance L 1 Current i L1 Linearly rise to output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝+1/2U s 。
And the working mode is three: switch tube S 7 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 And C 2 Charging, capacitor C 1 And C 2 Is increased. In this mode, the inductor L is not suddenly changed due to the fact that the inductor current 1 Current i L1 Through diode D 1 Freewheel and is the load R L Power supply, current i L1 The linearity decreases. At this time output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝0。
And the working mode is four: switch tube S 6 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 And C 2 Charging, capacitor C 1 And C 2 Is increased. In this mode, the inductor L is not suddenly changed due to the fact that the inductor current 2 Current i L2 Through diode D 2 Freewheel and is the load R L Power supply, current i L2 The linearity decreases. At this time output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝0。
And a fifth working mode: switch tube S 1 、S 3 、S 5 、S 6 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair capacitor C 2 Charging, capacitor C 2 Voltage rise, capacitance C 1 To inductance L 2 And a load R L Power supply, capacitor C 1 Voltage drop, inductance L 2 Current i L2 Linearly rise to output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝-1/2U s 。
Working mode six: switch tube S 1 、S 3 、S 6 、S 8 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair inductance L 2 And a load R L Power supply, inductance L 2 Current i L2 Linearly rise to output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝-U s 。
The invention relates to a single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter, which has the following technical effects:
1) The single-phase three-level four-port clamping type energy storage inverter adopts a four-port structure, the structure can clamp capacitor voltage and can also provide an additional power flow path, the realization of three-level functions of the inverter is ensured, and meanwhile, the structure can be packaged into a module unit, so that the integrated design is facilitated.
2) The single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter disclosed by the invention has six working modes, and the six working modes are switched according to a set rule through PWM (pulse width modulation) control, so that the circuit realizes DC-AC (direct current-alternating current) electric energy conversion and simultaneously realizes a three-level function.
3) Compared with the traditional two-level inverter, the single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter reduces switching loss, reduces voltage stress born by a semiconductor device, and reduces output harmonic content.
4) The invention relates to a single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter which adopts a switching tube S 1 And a switch tube S 8 And the direct-current voltage at the input side is clamped, so that the working reliability of the inverter is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a main topology structure diagram of a single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operation mode of a single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a six schematic diagrams of a single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter working mode according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows a switching tube S in the circuit of the present invention 1 ～S 8 Six working mode diagrams.
FIG. 9 shows a switching tube S in the circuit of the present invention 1 ～S 8 A corresponding pulse signal distribution diagram.
FIG. 10 shows the output voltage u of the circuit in steady state o And output current i o Waveform diagram.
FIG. 11 shows the current flowing through the inductor L in steady state 1 Current i L1 Waveform diagram.
FIG. 12 shows the current through the inductor L in steady state for the circuit of the present invention 2 Current i L2 Waveform diagram.
FIG. 13 shows the voltage u between the terminal a and the terminal b in the steady state of the circuit according to the present invention ab Waveform diagram.
FIG. 14 shows the capacitance C of the circuit of the present invention in steady state 1 、C 2 Voltage u c1 、u c2 Waveform diagram.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter includes: energy storage battery, bidirectional DC-DC converter and switch tube S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 、S 5 、S 6 、S 7 、S 8 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 Inductance L 1 And L 2 Capacitance C 1 And C 2 ；
Capacitor C 1 Positive electrode connection switch tube S 1 A drain connected to the node to form an endpoint p;
capacitor C 2 Negative electrode connection switch tube S 8 A source connected to the node to form an endpoint m;
capacitor C 1 The cathodes are respectively connected with a capacitor C 2 Positive electrode, switching tube S 5 A source connected to the node to form an end point n;
switch tube S 8 The drains are respectively connected with a switch tube S 6 Source, switch tube S 7 Source, diode D 1 Anode, diode D 2 An anode, the connection node of which constitutes an end point d;
switch tube S 1 The source electrodes are respectively connected with a switch tube S 2 Drain electrode, switch tube S 3 A drain connected to the node to form an end point c;
switch tube S 3 The sources are respectively connected with a diode D 2 Cathode, inductance L 2 The other end is connected with the node to form an endpoint b;
diode D 3 Cathode connection inductance L 1 One end, its connection node forms endpoint a;
switch tube S 4 Source electrodes are respectively connected with a diode D 1 Cathode, diode D 3 The anode is connected;
switch tube S 5 Drain electrodes are respectively connected with the switch tube S 2 Source, switch tube S 4 The drain electrode is connected;
switch tube S 6 Drain electrode and inductance L respectively 1 Another end, load R L One end is connected;
switch tube S 7 Drain electrode and inductance L respectively 2 One end, load R L The other end is connected.
All switching transistors in the energy storage inverter circuit are power field effect transistors (MOSFETs) with body diodes or Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs).
The four-port structure in the energy storage inverter circuit is composed of an endpoint a, an endpoint c, an endpoint d and an endpoint n, and the structure can be used as a modularized three-level unit.
Capacitor C in the energy storage inverter circuit 1 And C 2 Is two equivalent electrolytic capacitors, each capacitor bears a voltage U s 2 for realizing + -1/2U s Level change.
The specific experimental parameters of the circuit are as follows:
DC voltage U at output side of bidirectional DC-DC converter s 400V, inductance L 1 And inductance L 1 All are 3mH, capacitance C 1 And capacitor C 2 4700 mu F, switching frequency 20kHz, load R L Has a resistance of 80 omega and an output side AC voltage u o The effective value is 220V and the frequency is 50Hz.
When the circuit works normally, the single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter has the following six working modes:
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first working mode: switch tube S 1 、S 2 、S 4 、S 7 、S 8 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair inductance L 1 And a load R L Power supply, inductance L 1 Current i L1 Linearly rise to output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝+U s 。
Fig. 3 shows a second mode of operation: switch tube S 4 、S 7 、S 8 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 Charging, capacitor C 1 Voltage rise, capacitance C 2 To inductance L 1 And a load R L Power supply, capacitor C 2 Voltage drop, inductance L 1 Current i L1 Linearly rise to output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝+1/2U s 。
Fig. 4 is a third mode of operation: switch tube S 7 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 And C 2 Charging, capacitor C 1 And C 2 Is increased. In this mode, the inductor L is not suddenly changed due to the fact that the inductor current 1 Current i L1 Through diode D 1 Freewheel and is the load R L Power supply, current i L1 The linearity decreases. At this time output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝0。
Fig. 5 is a fourth mode of operation: switch tube S 6 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 And C 2 Charging, capacitor C 1 And C 2 Is increased. In this mode, the inductor L is not suddenly changed due to the fact that the inductor current 2 Current i L2 Through diode D 2 Freewheel and is the load R L Power supply, current i L2 The linearity decreases. At this time output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝0。
Fig. 6 is a fifth mode of operation: switch tube S 1 、S 3 、S 5 、S 6 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair capacitor C 2 Charging, capacitor C 2 Voltage rise, capacitance C 1 To inductance L 2 And a load R L Power supply, capacitor C 1 Voltage drop, inductance L 2 Current i L2 Linearly rise to output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝-1/2U s 。
Fig. 7 is a working mode six: switch tube S 1 、S 3 、S 6 、S 8 The rest of the switching tubes are turned on and turned off. Energy storage battery pair inductance L 2 And a load R L Power supply, inductance L 2 Current i L2 Linearly rise to output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝-U s 。
FIG. 8 shows a switching tube S in the circuit of the present invention 1 ～S 8 Six working mode diagrams are shown, wherein the on and off states of the switching tube are respectively represented by '1' and '0'. As can be seen from FIG. 8, when the output voltage u o >At 0, the voltage u between the terminal a and the terminal b ab With +U s 、+1/2U s Three states, 0, when the output voltage u o <At 0, the voltage u between the terminal a and the terminal b ab with-U s 、-1/2U s And 0. The working mode of the switching circuit is controlled through PWM, namely the on-off state of each switching tube is changed, and three levels are realized.
FIG. 9 shows a switching tube S in the circuit of the present invention 1 ～S 8 Corresponding pulse signal distribution diagram according to voltage u ab Is divided into 4 cells, wherein, the interval 1, the interval 2, the interval 3, the interval 4 respectively represent the voltage u ab At [0, +1/2U s ]、[+1/2U s ,+U s ]、[-1/2U s ,0]、[-U s ,-1/2U s ]During internal change, switch tube S 1 ～S 8 Pulse signal distribution conditions. In one working period, the sequence [ interval 1 ] is followed][ interval 2 ]][ interval 1 ]][ interval 3 ]][ interval 4 ]][ interval 3 ]]To distribute the pulse signal of each switch tube to make the voltage u ab Is three-level.
FIG. 10 shows the output voltage u of the circuit in steady state o And output current i o Waveform diagram in which the voltage u is better observed o And current i o The relation between them will be the current i o The gain is multiplied by 10 times on the original basis. As can be seen from fig. 10, the voltage u o And current i o Has good sinusoid characteristics.
FIG. 11 shows the current flowing through the inductor L in steady state 1 Current i L1 As can be seen from the waveform diagram of fig. 11, the inductance L 1 Current passes in the positive half working period, and no current passes in the negative half working period, which accords with theoretical analysis.
FIG. 12 shows the current through the inductor L in steady state for the circuit of the present invention 2 Current i L2 As can be seen from the waveform diagram of fig. 12, the inductance L 2 Current passes in the negative half duty cycle and no current passes in the positive half duty cycle, consistent with theoretical analysis.
FIG. 13 shows the voltage u between the terminal a and the terminal b in the steady state of the circuit according to the present invention ab As can be seen from the waveform diagram of FIG. 13, the voltage u ab The waveform accords with the working characteristic of the three-level circuit, and the three-level circuit can realize the three-level function.
FIG. 14 shows the capacitance C of the circuit of the present invention in steady state 1 、C 2 Voltage u c1 、u c2 As can be seen from the waveform diagram of FIG. 14, the voltage u c1 And u c2 Dynamic balance is kept near 200V, which shows that the circuit of the invention can realize capacitanceThe voltage is self-balancing.
Claims (6)
1. A single-phase three-level four-port clamp type energy storage inverter comprises a switching tube S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 、S 5 、S 6 、S 7 、S 8 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 Inductance L 1 、L 2 Capacitance C 1 、C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The method is characterized in that:
capacitor C 1 Positive electrode connection switch tube S 1 A drain connected to the node to form an endpoint p;
capacitor C 2 Negative electrode connection switch tube S 8 A source connected to the node to form an endpoint m;
capacitor C 1 The cathodes are respectively connected with a capacitor C 2 Positive electrode, switching tube S 5 A source connected to the node to form an end point n;
switch tube S 8 The drains are respectively connected with a switch tube S 6 Source, switch tube S 7 Source, diode D 1 Anode, diode D 2 An anode, the connection node of which constitutes an end point d;
switch tube S 1 The source electrodes are respectively connected with a switch tube S 2 Drain electrode, switch tube S 3 A drain connected to the node to form an end point c;
switch tube S 3 The sources are respectively connected with a diode D 2 Cathode, inductance L 2 The other end is connected with the node to form an endpoint b;
diode D 3 Cathode connection inductance L 1 One end, its connection node forms endpoint a;
switch tube S 4 Source electrodes are respectively connected with a diode D 1 Cathode, diode D 3 The anode is connected;
switch tube S 5 Drain electrodes are respectively connected with the switch tube S 2 Source, switch tube S 4 The drain electrode is connected;
switch tube S 6 Drain electrode and inductance L respectively 1 Another end, load R L One end is connected;
switch tube S 7 Drain electrode and inductance L respectively 2 One end, load R L The other end is connected.
2. The single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter of claim 1, wherein: in the energy storage inverter, a switching tube S 2 Switch tube S 4 Switch tube S 5 Diode D 1 And diode D 3 The four ports are respectively port a, port c, port d and port n.
3. The single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter of claim 1, wherein: in the energy storage inverter, a switching tube S 1 ～S 8 Are all power field effect transistors (MOSFETs) with body diodes or Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs).
4. The single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter of claim 1, wherein: in the energy storage inverter, an endpoint p and an endpoint m are connected with an output side of a bidirectional DC-DC converter, and an input side of the bidirectional DC-DC converter is connected with an energy storage battery.
5. The single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter of claim 4, wherein: in the energy storage inverter, a capacitor C 1 、C 2 For electrolytic capacitors with equal capacitance values, each capacitor bears direct current voltage U at the output side of the bidirectional DC-DC converter s Half of (a) is provided.
6. The single-phase three-level four-port clamp energy storage inverter of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the energy storage inverter comprises the following six working modes during normal operation:
and a first working mode: switch tube S 1 、S 2 、S 4 、S 7 、S 8 The other switching tubes are turned off; energy storage battery pair inductance L 1 And a load R L Power supply, inductance L 1 Current i L1 Linearly rise to output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝+U s ，U s Representing the voltage between terminal p and terminal m;
and a working mode II: switch tube S 4 、S 7 、S 8 The other switching tubes are turned off; energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 Charging, capacitor C 1 Voltage rise, capacitance C 2 To inductance L 1 And a load R L Power supply, capacitor C 2 Voltage drop, inductance L 1 Current i L1 Linearly rise to output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝+U s /2；
And the working mode is three: switch tube S 7 The other switching tubes are turned off; energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 And C 2 Charging, capacitor C 1 And C 2 Voltage rise of (2); in this mode, the inductor L is not suddenly changed due to the fact that the inductor current 1 Current i L1 Through diode D 1 Freewheel and is the load R L Power supply, current i L1 Linear decrease; at this time output voltage u o >0, output current i o ＝i L1 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝0；
And the working mode is four: switch tube S 6 The other switching tubes are turned off; energy storage battery pair capacitor C 1 And C 2 Charging, capacitor C 1 And C 2 Voltage rise of (2); in this mode, the inductor L is not suddenly changed due to the fact that the inductor current 2 Current i L2 Through diode D 2 Freewheel and is the load R L Power supply, current i L2 Linear decrease; at this time output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝0；
And a fifth working mode: switch tube S 1 、S 3 、S 5 、S 6 The other switching tubes are turned off; energy storage battery pair capacitor C 2 Charging, capacitor C 2 Voltage rise, capacitance C 1 To inductance L 2 And a load R L Power supply, capacitor C 1 Voltage drop, inductance L 2 Current i L2 Linearly rise to output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝-U s /2；
Working mode six: switch tube S 1 、S 3 、S 6 、S 8 The other switching tubes are turned off; energy storage battery pair inductance L 2 And a load R L Power supply, inductance L 2 Current i L2 Linearly rise to output voltage u o <0, output current i o ＝-i L2 Voltage u between terminal a and terminal b ab ＝-U s 。
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| CN102624267A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-08-01 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Inverter and application circuit in three-phase system |
| CN103178736A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-26 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Five-level inverter |
| CN107204719A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-09-26 | 江苏大学 | It is used for the inverter topology circuit and its control method for suppressing leakage current in photovoltaic parallel in system |
| CN108964502A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-07 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of single-phase non-isolated active clamp MOSFET inverter |
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