CN114844342A - Vehicle-mounted charger, power factor correction circuit, controller of power factor correction circuit and control method of power factor correction circuit - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted charger, power factor correction circuit, controller of power factor correction circuit and control method of power factor correction circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114844342A
CN114844342A CN202210362937.8A CN202210362937A CN114844342A CN 114844342 A CN114844342 A CN 114844342A CN 202210362937 A CN202210362937 A CN 202210362937A CN 114844342 A CN114844342 A CN 114844342A
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China
Prior art keywords
bridge arm
circuit
switch
arm switch
power supply
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Pending
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CN202210362937.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚云鹏
刘玉伟
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Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co Ltd
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Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210362937.8A priority Critical patent/CN114844342A/en
Publication of CN114844342A publication Critical patent/CN114844342A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4233—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted charger, a power factor correction circuit, a controller of the power factor correction circuit and a control method of the power factor correction circuit. The control method of the power factor correction circuit comprises the following steps: determining a normally open sequence of the bridge arm switches according to the phase of the alternating current power supply; and controlling four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit to be sequentially and normally opened according to the normally opening sequence, and controlling an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit to be alternately opened according to high-frequency when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened. The invention is constantly opened among the plurality of bridge arm switches uniformly, so that the bridge arm switches of the two bridge arms work alternately at high frequency, thereby the working temperature of the bridge arm switches of the two bridge arms is uniform, and the working stability and reliability of the circuit are improved.

Description

Vehicle-mounted charger, power factor correction circuit, controller of power factor correction circuit and control method of power factor correction circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a vehicle-mounted charger, a power factor correction circuit, a controller of the power factor correction circuit and a control method of the power factor correction circuit.
Background
The english expression of PFC is called "Power Factor Correction" and means "Power Factor Correction", and the Power Factor refers to the relationship between the effective Power and the total Power consumption (apparent Power), that is, the ratio of the effective Power divided by the total Power consumption (apparent Power). Basically, the power factor can measure the effective utilization degree of the power, and when the power factor value is larger, the power utilization rate is higher.
The power factor correction circuit may include an input capacitance unit, a high frequency leg, and a low frequency leg. The working frequency of the low-frequency bridge arm is generally 45-65 hz, i.e. the power frequency, while the working frequency of the high-frequency bridge arm is much higher than that of the low-frequency bridge arm, e.g. 10000-100000 hz, which causes the problems of high switching loss and high working temperature of the high-frequency bridge arm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a power factor correction circuit, aiming at reducing the switching loss and the working temperature of the power factor correction circuit.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling a power factor correction circuit, which is applied to a power factor correction circuit, wherein the power factor correction circuit includes a bridge circuit and an ac power input terminal, and the method for controlling the power factor correction circuit includes:
Acquiring the phase of an alternating current power supply;
determining a normally open sequence of the bridge arm switches according to the phase of the alternating current power supply;
controlling four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit to be sequentially and normally opened according to the normally opening sequence; when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened, an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit are controlled to be alternately opened according to a preset frequency; wherein the preset frequency is greater than the frequency of the alternating current power supply.
In an embodiment, the step of determining a normally-on sequence of the bridge arm switches according to the phase of the ac power supply includes:
determining whether the alternating current power supply is in a positive half cycle or a negative half cycle according to the phase of the alternating current power supply;
when the alternating current power supply is determined to be in the positive half cycle, determining that the normally open sequence is as follows:
the bridge arm switching circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch of a first bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of a second bridge arm circuit and an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
an upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
A lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit and an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,
the bridge circuit comprises a lower bridge arm switch of a second bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of a first bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit.
In one embodiment, the step of determining whether the ac power source is in the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle based on the phase of the ac power source further comprises the steps of:
when the alternating current power supply is determined to be in the negative half cycle, determining that the normally open sequence is as follows:
a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit and an upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit and an upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
The bridge circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch of a second bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of a first bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit.
The invention also provides a power factor correction circuit controller, which comprises a memory, a processor and a power factor correction circuit control program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the power factor correction circuit control program realizes the steps of the power factor correction circuit control method when being executed by the processor.
In one embodiment, the power factor correction circuit controller comprises:
the first controller is used for detecting the phase of the alternating current power supply, determining the normally open sequence and outputting a corresponding normally open sequence control signal;
the input end of the second controller is connected with the output end of the first controller, and the output end of the second controller is connected with the controlled ends of the four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit; the second controller is to:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the voltage of an alternating current power supply, the power factor correction inductive current, the output voltage of a power factor correction circuit and the reference voltage of the output voltage;
Controlling four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit to be sequentially and normally opened according to the normally opening sequence control signal; when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened, an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit are controlled to be alternately opened according to the voltage of the alternating current power supply, the power factor correction inductive current, the output voltage of the power factor correction circuit and the reference voltage of the output voltage; wherein the preset frequency is greater than the frequency of the alternating current power supply.
The present invention further provides a power factor correction circuit, which includes:
the inductor input unit is provided with a first output end and a second output end and is used for being connected with an alternating current power supply and storing energy according to the alternating current power supply;
the bridge circuit comprises a first bridge arm circuit and a second bridge arm circuit which are connected in parallel with a first connecting point and a second connecting point, the first bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch which are connected in series, and the common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit is connected with the first output end of the inductance input unit; the second bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch which are connected in series, and the common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the common end of the lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit are connected with the second output end of the inductance input unit; and
In the power factor correction circuit controller, the power factor correction circuit controller is respectively connected with the controlled ends of the four bridge arm switches one by one.
In one embodiment, one or more of the four leg switches in the bridge circuit comprises a switch tube and a diode;
the first end of the switch tube is connected with the anode of the diode, and the second end of the switch tube is connected with the cathode of the diode;
the controlled end of the switch tube is the controlled end of the bridge arm switch, the common end of the first end of the switch tube and the anode of the diode is the first lead end of the bridge arm switch, and the second end of the switch tube and the cathode of the diode are the second lead ends of the bridge arm switch.
In an embodiment, the inductance input unit includes a first inductance, one end of the first inductance is connected to a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the first inductance is connected to a live wire of the ac power supply;
the inductance input unit comprises a second inductor and a third inductor, one end of the second inductor is connected with the common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the second inductor is connected with the live wire of the alternating current power supply; one end of the third inductor is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the third inductor is connected with a zero line of the alternating-current power supply;
The inductor input unit comprises a fourth inductor, and the fourth inductor comprises a magnetic core, a first coil and a second coil which are wound on the magnetic core; one end of the first coil is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the first coil is connected with a live wire of the alternating-current power supply; one end of the second coil is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the second coil is connected with a zero line of the alternating current power supply.
In one embodiment, the inductive input unit further comprises:
and the input end of the electromagnetic interference filter is connected to the alternating current power supply, and the electromagnetic interference filter is used for filtering the alternating current power supply and then outputting the filtered alternating current power supply.
The invention also provides a vehicle-mounted charger which comprises a direct current conversion circuit and the power factor correction circuit; the direct current conversion circuit is connected with the power factor correction circuit.
The four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit are controlled to be sequentially opened according to a preset normally-open sequence, and when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened, an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit are controlled to be alternately opened according to a preset frequency; therefore, when the bridge arm switch in the first bridge arm circuit is normally opened, the second bridge arm circuit performs high-frequency chopping operation, and when the bridge arm switch in the second bridge arm circuit is normally opened, the first bridge arm circuit performs high-frequency chopping operation. The first bridge arm circuit and the second bridge arm circuit are alternately used as high-frequency bridge arms to perform high-frequency chopping operation, so that the loss of the bridge arm switches is shared from two bridge arm switches on one traditional bridge arm to four bridge arm switches on the two bridge arms, the switching loss is well balanced, the loss of a single bridge arm switch is reduced, the working temperatures of the four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit become more uniform, the overall thermal stress of the power factor correction circuit is further reduced, and the working stability of the power factor correction circuit is greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a power factor correction circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a PFC circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of a critical node signal of an embodiment of the PFC circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a PFC circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a PFC circuit controller according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a second controller of the PFC circuit controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
Figure BDA0003584586440000051
Figure BDA0003584586440000061
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a control method of a power factor correction circuit, which is applied to the power factor correction circuit.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the power correction circuit includes a power factor correction circuit controller (not shown) connected to an input terminal of ac power VAC, an inductive input unit 30, a bridge circuit 40, and a power factor correction circuit for controlling the operation of the bridge circuit. The input end of an alternating current power supply VAC can be respectively connected with a zero line N and a live line L of the alternating current power supply VAC, the bridge circuit 40 at least comprises a first bridge arm circuit and a second bridge arm circuit, the first bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch Q1 and a lower bridge arm switch Q2, and the second bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch Q3 and a lower bridge arm switch Q4.
Referring to fig. 2, the power factor correction circuit control method includes:
s100, obtaining the phase of the alternating current power supply VAC;
the phase detection may be obtained by the power factor correction circuit provided with the phase detection circuit 12, or may be obtained by another device and then output to the power factor correction circuit.
S200, determining a normally-open sequence of the bridge arm switch according to the phase of the alternating current power supply VAC;
according to the embodiment, whether the power factor correction circuit is in the positive half period or the negative half period can be determined according to the phase of the alternating current power supply VAC, and the corresponding normally open sequence is selected according to the positive half period and the negative half period, so that the situation that the normally open bridge arm switch is not matched with the phase of the alternating current power supply VAC, and the power factor correction circuit is damaged or cannot perform power factor correction work is avoided. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the phase of the ac power VAC is determined by determining the voltage of the zero line N from the live line L of the ac power VAC, and when the voltage of the zero line N to the live line L is determined, the method is similar, and details are not described here.
S300, controlling four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit to be sequentially and normally opened according to the normally opening sequence; when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened, an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit are controlled to be alternately opened according to a preset frequency so as to realize power factor correction; wherein the preset frequency is greater than the frequency of the alternating current power supply VAC.
The preset frequency is a high-frequency which can be 10000 Hz to 100000 Hz, so that high-frequency chopping operation is realized. The frequency of the alternating current power supply VAC is low-frequency which can be 45-65 Hz, namely power frequency. When the bridge arm works at a low frequency, the opening time of the bridge arm switch is far longer than that of the bridge arm switch working at a high frequency, so that the bridge arm switch is called as normally open.
The four bridge arm switches are controlled to be sequentially and normally opened according to a normal opening sequence, and the four bridge arm switches can be controlled to be sequentially and normally opened in two periods of an alternating current power supply VAC. In other embodiments, the four bridge arm switches may be controlled to be sequentially and normally turned on in multiple cycles. For example, two bridge arm switches, such as bridge arm switch Q1 and bridge arm switch Q2, are alternately turned on constantly in the current two consecutive cycles, and the other two bridge arm switches, such as bridge arm switch Q3 and bridge arm switch Q4, are alternately turned on constantly in the next two consecutive cycles.
Fig. 3 shows the magnitude of the current flowing through the bridge through the four bridge arm switches Q1-Q4, such as the current waveforms Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. The diagram shows an example in which the normally open sequence is the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit, and the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit. As can be seen from fig. 3, the current flowing through each bridge arm switch is changed periodically, instead of a continuous large current, that is, the currents flowing through the four bridge arm switches are equalized, so that the switching loss is effectively reduced. Where T1 and T2 are two consecutive cycles of the ac power supply VAC.
The four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit are controlled to be sequentially opened according to a preset normally-open sequence, and when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened, an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit are controlled to be alternately opened according to a preset frequency; therefore, when the bridge arm switch in the first bridge arm circuit is normally opened, the second bridge arm circuit performs high-frequency chopping operation, and when the bridge arm switch in the second bridge arm circuit is normally opened, the first bridge arm circuit performs high-frequency chopping operation. The first bridge arm circuit and the second bridge arm circuit are alternately used as high-frequency bridge arms to perform high-frequency chopping operation, so that the loss of the bridge arm switches is shared from two bridge arm switches on one traditional bridge arm to four bridge arm switches on the two bridge arms, the switching loss is well balanced, the loss of a single bridge arm switch is reduced, the working temperatures of the four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit become more uniform, the overall thermal stress of the power factor correction circuit is further reduced, and the working stability of the power factor correction circuit is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the step of determining a normally open sequence of the bridge arm switches according to the phase of the ac power supply VAC includes:
s201, determining whether the alternating current power supply VAC is in a positive half period or a negative half period according to the phase of the alternating current power supply VAC.
When the phase of the alternating-current power supply VAC is 0 ° to 180 °, it is determined that the alternating-current power supply VAC is in the positive half cycle, and when the phase of the alternating-current power supply VAC is 180 ° to 360 °, it is determined that the alternating-current power supply VAC is in the negative half cycle of one cycle. In addition, the zero-crossing point of the alternating-current power supply VAC may be detected first, then the phase of the alternating-current power supply VAC is detected, when it is determined that the phase of the alternating-current power supply VAC is 0 °, it is determined that the alternating-current power supply VAC is in the positive half cycle, and when it is determined that the phase of the alternating-current power supply VAC is 180 °, it is determined that the alternating-current power supply VAC is in the negative half cycle of one cycle. The zero-crossing detection is carried out firstly, so that the normally open switch can be started for a complete positive half period or a complete negative half period in the subsequent step.
S202, when the alternating-current power supply VAC is determined to be in a positive half cycle, determining that the normally open starting sequence is the upper bridge arm switch Q1 of the first bridge arm circuit, the lower bridge arm switch Q2 of the first bridge arm circuit, the lower bridge arm switch Q4 of the second bridge arm circuit and the upper bridge arm switch Q3 of the second bridge arm circuit; or the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit, and the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit; or the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, and the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit; alternatively, the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, and the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit.
Referring to fig. 1, when the ac power supply VAC is in a positive half-cycle, the normally-on switch is controlled to be the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit or the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit in this embodiment, so as to ensure that the bridgeless power factor correction circuit can stably operate. In the following, the operation of the circuit will be briefly described by taking an upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit as an example of a normally-on switch, and when the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit is normally on, the two arm switches of the second arm circuit are alternately turned on at a high frequency. When the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit is turned on and the lower arm switch Q4 is turned off, the ac power supply VAC, the inductance input unit 30, the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, and the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit form a loop, the ac power supply VAC charges the power factor correction inductance L1 in the inductance input unit 30, and the output capacitor C1 is responsible for supplying power to the load. When the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit is turned on, the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit is turned off. At this time, the ac power supply VAC, the inductance input unit 30, the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, the load/output capacitor C1, and the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit form a loop, and the ac power supply VAC and the power factor correction inductor L1 in the inductance input unit 30 supply power to the load at the same time, thereby completing a work flow of the power factor correction circuit. When the normally-on switch is the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit, the principle is similar, and the details are not described here.
S203, when the alternating current power supply VAC is determined to be in a negative half cycle, determining that the normally open starting sequence is the lower bridge arm switch Q2 of the first bridge arm circuit, the lower bridge arm switch Q4 of the second bridge arm circuit, the upper bridge arm switch Q3 of the second bridge arm circuit and the upper bridge arm switch Q1 of the first bridge arm circuit; or the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit, and the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit; or the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit, and the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit; alternatively, the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit, and the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit.
Referring to fig. 1, when the ac power supply VAC is in a negative half-cycle, the normally-on switch is controlled to be the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit or the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit in this embodiment, so as to ensure that the bridgeless power factor correction circuit can stably operate.
It is worth noting that when the normally open circuit is started, the normally open circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch Q1 of the first bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch Q3 of the second bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch Q4 of the second bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch Q2 of the first bridge arm circuit; or the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, and the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit; or the lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit, the lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit, the upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit, and the upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit; or upper arm switch Q3 of the second arm circuit, upper arm switch Q1 of the first arm circuit, lower arm switch Q2 of the first arm circuit, and lower arm switch Q4 of the second arm circuit.
In each period of the alternating-current power supply VAC, the normally-opened bridge arm switches sequentially appear on the first bridge arm circuit and the second bridge arm circuit, namely the first bridge arm circuit and the second bridge arm circuit alternately chop and work once in each period of the alternating-current power supply VAC, so that the frequency of switching the alternately-chopped wave work of the first bridge arm circuit and the second bridge arm circuit is improved, a certain bridge arm circuit is prevented from continuously chopping and working for a long time, and the temperatures of the four bridge arm switches on the two bridge arms are more uniform.
The invention also provides a power factor correction circuit controller.
Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment, the pfc circuit controller includes a memory, a processor, and a pfc circuit control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the pfc circuit control program implements the steps of the pfc circuit control method when executed by the processor. The processor can be a CPU, an MCU, a singlechip, a DSP, an FPGA and other microprocessors.
Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment, the power factor correction circuit controller includes a first controller 1 and a second controller 2. The first controller 1 is used for detecting the phase of the alternating current power supply VAC, determining the normally open sequence and outputting a corresponding normally open sequence control signal to the second controller 2. The output end of the second controller 2 is connected with the controlled ends of four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit;
The first controller 1 may include an input voltage sampling circuit 11, a phase detection circuit 12, and a normally-on sequence controller 13, and the specific connection relationship of the components is shown in fig. 5. The voltage sampling circuit 11 is used for sampling the voltage of the alternating current power supply VAC, the phase detection circuit 12 is used for detecting the phase of the alternating current power supply VAC, and the normally open sequence controller 13 can be pre-stored with the corresponding relation between the normally open sequence control signal and the alternating current power supply VAC, so that when the alternating current power supply VAC is determined to be in a positive half period or a negative half period, the corresponding normally open sequence control signal is output.
The second controller 2 may include an output voltage sampling circuit 21, a first error amplifier 22, a Proportional Integral (PI) controller, a multiplier 24, a second error amplifier 25, a first PFC modulator 26, a first dead zone control circuit 27, a second PFC modulation circuit, a second dead zone control circuit 29, and a current sampling circuit 210, which are connected in a specific relationship as shown in fig. 5.
The output voltage sampling circuit 21 samples the output voltage VOUT output to the load. The first error amplifier 22 calculates an error between the output voltage VOUT and a reference voltage VREF of the output voltage, amplifies the error and outputs a corresponding error amplification signal, and the integral ratio controller 23 is configured to output a corresponding control amount according to the error amplification signal output by the first error amplifier 22. At this time, the control amount is related to the output voltage VOUT. The multiplier 24 multiplies the control amount corresponding to the error amplification signal by the voltage of the ac power supply VAC, the output signal of the multiplier 24 is related to the voltage of the ac power supply VAC and the output voltage VOUT, and the output signal of the multiplier 24 is output to the second error amplifier 25 as a current reference signal of the pfc inductor current IL, so that the pfc inductor current IL changes with the voltage of the ac power supply VAC and the output voltage VOUT.
In this way, the first PFC modulator 26 and the second PFC modulator 28 may output the low-frequency PWM signal to control the four bridge arm switches to be turned on sequentially according to the normally-on sequence control signal; the switching loss is reduced. And then according to the output end signal of the second error amplifier 25, a high-frequency PWM signal is output to control an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit to be alternately started according to a preset frequency, so that power factor correction is realized. The first dead-zone control circuit 27 and the second dead-zone control circuit 29 can avoid that the two bridge arm switches of the same bridge arm circuit are in a simultaneously-opened state to increase the load, especially the equipment is easily damaged by short circuit and the like when the current is too large.
With particular reference to fig. 6, the second controller 2 operates as follows:
and S400, controlling the upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, the lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, the upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit and the lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit to be normally opened in sequence according to the normally open sequence control signal.
S500, obtaining the voltage of an alternating current power supply VAC, the power factor correction inductive current, the output voltage VOUT and the reference voltage VREF of the output voltage.
S600, controlling four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit to be sequentially and normally opened according to the normally opening sequence; when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened, an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit are controlled to be alternately opened according to the voltage of the alternating current power supply VAC, the power factor correction inductive current, the output voltage VOUT and the reference voltage VREF of the output voltage; wherein the preset frequency is greater than the frequency of the alternating current power supply VAC.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention further provides a power factor correction circuit. The power factor correction circuit includes an inductive input unit 30, a bridge circuit, and the power factor correction circuit controller described above. The specific structure of the control of the power factor correction circuit refers to the above embodiments, and since the power factor correction circuit adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are achieved, and no further description is given here. The output end of the power factor correction circuit is connected with the input end of the direct current conversion circuit.
The inductor input unit 30 is provided with a first output end and a second output end, and the inductor input unit 30 is used for accessing an alternating current power supply VAC and storing energy according to the alternating current power supply VAC; the bridge circuit comprises a first bridge arm circuit and a second bridge arm circuit which are connected in parallel with a first connection point A and a second connection point B, the first bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch which are connected in series, and a common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit is connected with a first output end of the inductance input unit 30; the second bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch which are connected in series, and a common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit is connected with a second output end of the inductance input unit 30; and the power factor correction circuit controller is respectively connected with the controlled ends of the four bridge arm switches one by one.
Referring to fig. 1, the inductance input unit 30 may include an Electromagnetic Interference filter 4031, that is, an EMI filter 31, for filtering Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) noise of the ac power VAC, and a power factor correction inductance L1 for constituting a power factor correction circuit together with the first and second bridge arm circuits. The bridge circuit may include a first bridge arm circuit and a second bridge arm circuit. In other embodiments, the bridge circuit may further include a third bridge arm to perform power factor correction of the three-phase alternating-current power supply VAC; the electromagnetic interference filter 4031 may include a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, and a second output end, the first input end of which is connected to the live wire L of the ac power supply VAC, the second input end of which is connected to the zero wire N of the ac power supply VAC, the first output end of which is connected to the first bridge arm circuit, and the second output end of which is connected to the second bridge arm circuit. The electromagnetic interference filter 4031 can filter electromagnetic interference noise of an alternating-current power supply VAC, and improve the stability of the power factor correction circuit.
Referring to FIG. 1, in one embodiment, one or more of the four leg switches Q1-Q4 in the bridge circuit includes a switch tube and a diode.
The first end of the switch tube is connected with the anode of the diode, and the second end of the switch tube is connected with the cathode of the diode; the controlled end of the switch tube is the controlled end of the bridge arm switch, the common end of the first end of the switch tube and the anode of the diode is the first lead end of the bridge arm switch, and the second end of the switch tube and the cathode of the diode are the second lead ends of the bridge arm switch.
The switching tube can be one or a combination of more than one of a triode, a MOS tube or an IGBT. The diode can adopt the parallel diode, and the diode with good reverse recovery characteristics, such as a SiC diode and a fast recovery diode, or the diode without reverse recovery, such as a GaN diode, can be adopted, so that the stability of the power factor correction circuit is further improved.
The switch tube of the embodiment is connected with the diode in parallel, so that the problem of starting delay of the switch tube and the problem of loss caused by tube voltage drop of the diode can be solved.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the inductive input unit 30 includes a first inductor. One end of the first inductor is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch Q1 of the first bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch Q2 of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the first inductor is connected with a live wire L of the alternating-current power supply VAC. The first inductor, i.e. the pfc inductor L1 of the inductive input unit 30, is used to combine the first leg circuit and the second leg circuit to form a pfc circuit.
In some embodiments, the inductance input unit 30 includes a second inductor and a third inductor (not shown in the figure), one end of the second inductor is connected to the common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the second inductor is connected to the live wire L of the ac power supply VAC; one end of the third inductor is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the third inductor is connected with a zero line N of the alternating-current power supply VAC; by additionally arranging the third inductor between the N end N of the zero line and the second bridge arm circuit, the power factor correction circuit is symmetrical, and the problem of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) caused by high-frequency voltage bounce between the live wire L and the zero line N of the alternating-current power supply VAC in the negative half period of the alternating-current power supply VAC is solved.
Alternatively, the inductance input unit 30 includes a fourth inductance (not shown in the figure); the fourth inductor comprises a magnetic core, a first coil and a second coil, wherein the first coil and the second coil are wound on the magnetic core; one end of the first coil is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch Q1 and a lower bridge arm switch Q2 of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the first coil is connected with a live wire L of the alternating-current power supply VAC; one end of the second coil is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch Q3 of the second bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch Q4 of the second bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the second coil is connected with a zero line N of the alternating-current power supply VAC. The fourth inductor can be a differential mode inductor, and not only can be matched with the first bridge arm circuit and the second bridge arm circuit to realize power factor correction, but also can filter differential mode noise in an alternating current power supply VAC.
The invention also provides a vehicle-mounted charger which comprises a direct current conversion circuit and the power factor correction circuit. The specific structure of the power factor correction circuit refers to the above embodiments, and since the vehicle-mounted charger adopts all technical solutions of all the above embodiments, all beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are at least achieved, and are not repeated herein. The output end of the power factor correction circuit is connected with the input end of the direct current conversion circuit.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A control method of a power factor correction circuit is applied to the power factor correction circuit, the power factor correction circuit comprises a bridge circuit and an alternating current power supply input end, and the control method of the power factor correction circuit comprises the following steps:
acquiring the phase of an alternating current power supply;
Determining a normally open sequence of the bridge arm switches according to the phase of the alternating current power supply;
controlling four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit to be sequentially and normally opened according to the normally opening sequence; when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened, an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit are controlled to be alternately opened according to a preset frequency; wherein the preset frequency is greater than the frequency of the alternating current power supply.
2. The pfc circuit control method of claim 1 wherein the step of determining a normally open sequence of leg switches based on the phase of the ac power source comprises:
determining whether the alternating current power supply is in a positive half cycle or a negative half cycle according to the phase of the alternating current power supply;
when the alternating current power supply is determined to be in the positive half cycle, determining that the normally open sequence is as follows:
the bridge arm switching circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch of a first bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of a second bridge arm circuit and an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
an upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
A lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit and an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the bridge circuit comprises a lower bridge arm switch of a second bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of a first bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit.
3. The pfc circuit control method of claim 2, further comprising, after the step of determining whether the ac power source is in the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle based on the phase of the ac power source, the steps of:
when the alternating current power supply is determined to be in the negative half cycle, determining that the normally open sequence is as follows:
a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit and an upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
an upper bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit and an upper bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
The bridge arm switching circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch of a second bridge arm circuit, an upper bridge arm switch of a first bridge arm circuit, a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit.
4. A pfc circuit controller comprising a memory, a processor, and a pfc circuit control program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the pfc circuit control program when executed by the processor implementing the steps of the pfc circuit control method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The pfc circuit controller of claim 4, wherein the pfc circuit controller comprises:
the first controller is used for detecting the phase of the alternating current power supply, determining a normally open sequence and outputting a corresponding normally open sequence control signal;
the input end of the second controller is connected with the output end of the first controller, and the output end of the second controller is connected with the controlled ends of the four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit; the second controller is to:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the voltage of an alternating current power supply, the power factor correction inductive current, the output voltage of a power factor correction circuit and the reference voltage of the output voltage;
Controlling four bridge arm switches in the bridge circuit to be sequentially and normally opened according to the normally opening sequence control signal; when an upper bridge arm switch or a lower bridge arm switch in the same bridge arm circuit is normally opened, an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch in the other bridge arm circuit are controlled to be alternately opened according to the voltage of the alternating current power supply, the power factor correction inductive current, the output voltage of the power factor correction circuit and the reference voltage of the output voltage; wherein the preset frequency is greater than the frequency of the alternating current power supply.
6. A power factor correction circuit, comprising:
the inductor input unit is provided with a first output end and a second output end and is used for being connected with an alternating current power supply and storing energy according to the alternating current power supply;
the bridge circuit comprises a first bridge arm circuit and a second bridge arm circuit which are connected in parallel with a first connecting point and a second connecting point, the first bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch which are connected in series, and the common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit is connected with the first output end of the inductance input unit; the second bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch which are connected in series, and the common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the common end of the lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit are connected with the second output end of the inductance input unit; and
The PFC circuit controller of any one of claims 4 to 5, being connected to the controlled terminals of the four leg switches one-to-one.
7. The power factor correction circuit of claim 6, wherein one or more of the four leg switches in the bridge circuit comprises a switch tube and a diode;
the first end of the switch tube is connected with the anode of the diode, and the second end of the switch tube is connected with the cathode of the diode;
the controlled end of the switch tube is the controlled end of the bridge arm switch, the common end of the first end of the switch tube and the anode of the diode is the first lead end of the bridge arm switch, and the second end of the switch tube and the cathode of the diode are the second lead ends of the bridge arm switch.
8. The power factor correction circuit of claim 6,
the inductance input unit comprises a first inductor, one end of the first inductor is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the first inductor is connected with a live wire of the alternating current power supply;
The inductance input unit comprises a second inductor and a third inductor, one end of the second inductor is connected with the common end of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the second inductor is connected with the live wire of the alternating current power supply; one end of the third inductor is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the third inductor is connected with a zero line of the alternating-current power supply;
the inductor input unit comprises a fourth inductor, and the fourth inductor comprises a magnetic core, a first coil and a second coil which are wound on the magnetic core; one end of the first coil is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the first bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the first coil is connected with a live wire of the alternating-current power supply; one end of the second coil is connected with a common end of an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch of the second bridge arm circuit, and the other end of the second coil is connected with a zero line of the alternating current power supply.
9. The power factor correction circuit of any of claims 6-8, wherein the inductive input unit further comprises:
The input end of the electromagnetic interference filter is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the electromagnetic interference filter is used for filtering the alternating current power supply and then outputting the filtered alternating current power supply.
10. A vehicle-mounted charger, characterized in that the vehicle-mounted charger comprises a power factor correction circuit and a direct current conversion circuit according to any one of claims 6 to 9; the direct current conversion circuit is connected with the power factor correction circuit.
CN202210362937.8A 2022-04-07 2022-04-07 Vehicle-mounted charger, power factor correction circuit, controller of power factor correction circuit and control method of power factor correction circuit Pending CN114844342A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116345943A (en) * 2023-03-09 2023-06-27 深圳市正浩创新科技股份有限公司 Control method and device of AC/DC conversion circuit and readable storage medium

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116345943A (en) * 2023-03-09 2023-06-27 深圳市正浩创新科技股份有限公司 Control method and device of AC/DC conversion circuit and readable storage medium

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