CN101247072B - Voltage regulating circuit - Google Patents
Voltage regulating circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101247072B CN101247072B CN2007100802182A CN200710080218A CN101247072B CN 101247072 B CN101247072 B CN 101247072B CN 2007100802182 A CN2007100802182 A CN 2007100802182A CN 200710080218 A CN200710080218 A CN 200710080218A CN 101247072 B CN101247072 B CN 101247072B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a voltage regulating circuit, which is used for regulating the bus voltage of a power factor correction circuit and is characterized in that the voltage regulating circuit generates a regulating signal according to a control signal of a post-stage circuit of the power factor correction circuit, and the regulating signal is superposed at a bus voltage sampling feedback end of the power factor correction circuit; the voltage regulating circuit provided by the invention regulates the output bus voltage of the power factor correction circuit, so as to improve the characteristics of a post-stage circuit, particularly improve the performance of the post-stage circuit comprising the resonant direct current/direct current converter, reduce the bus voltage of the power factor correction circuit when the output voltage of the post-stage circuit is lower, improve the bus voltage of the power factor correction circuit when the output voltage of the post-stage circuit is higher, optimize the performance of the post-stage circuit of the power factor correction circuit, improve the efficiency, have low cost and stable performance, and ensure that a magnetic device is easy to design and popularize and use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the basic electronic circuit field, particularly voltage regulator circuit.
Background technology
Existing Active Power Factor Correction Technology applied current feedback technique, the input current waveform is followed the tracks of exchanged input sinusoidal voltage waveform, can make electric current near sinusoidal, thereby input electric current THD is optimized, and power factor can bring up to 0.99 even higher.THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) is that electrical appliance source current harmonic content accounts for the fundamental current percentage composition.
From the principle, any DC to DC converter (being the DC/DC converter) topology, as Buck, Boost, flyback etc., can be as the main circuit of Active Power Factor Correction.But because the special benefits of Boost converter, it is more extensive to be applied to circuit of power factor correction.
General APFC adopts UC3854, L4981 constant power factor correcting special integrated circuit to realize that input current is to exchanging the tracking of input sinusoidal voltage, but there is a problem in traditional power factor correction chip controls chip, the Voltage loop benchmark that is control chip is fixed value, be that circuit of power factor correction output busbar voltage is a fixed value, be referred to as the circuit of power factor correction busbar voltage at this output voltage with circuit of power factor correction; And the late-class circuit of circuit of power factor correction generally connects DC to DC converter (DC/DC converter), perhaps DC/AC inverter (DC/AC converter), in some cases, need to change the circuit of power factor correction busbar voltage, solve the problem that occurs under the topological specific output situation of back level.General DC to DC converter can adopt controlled resonant converter, phase-shifted full-bridge converter, forward converter etc.
With the series resonant converter is example, and series-resonant direct-current/direct-current converter adopts the resonant transformation technology, because resonant element is operated in the sinusoidal resonance state, the voltage natural zero-crossing on the switching tube can realize that no-voltage is open-minded, and the loss of power is very little.This topology adopts Frequency-variable Modulation (Pulse frequency modulation is called for short PFM) mode usually, comes regulated output voltage by changing operating frequency.Fig. 1 is the citation form of half-bridge SRC series-resonant direct-current/direct-current converter, when this circuit is adopted Frequency-variable Modulation control, two complementary symmetries of switching tube S1, S2 drive, the switch periods of each conducting 50% (this is an ideal value, should be as the setting of considering the dead band and is slightly less than 50%).The pass of electric power output voltage gain M and operating frequency f is:
Wherein, Vo and Vin are respectively output, input voltage, and f is an operating frequency,
Fr is a resonance frequency, and Lr is the resonant inductance value, and Cr is the resonant capacitance value, and Po is a power output.
Can find that from formula (1) as operating frequency f during greater than resonance frequency fr, operating frequency is high more, voltage gain M is low more; In like manner, as operating frequency f during less than resonance frequency fr, operating frequency is low more, and voltage gain M is low more.The relation curve of series resonance topology control frequency f and output voltage V o as shown in Figure 2.Can find that by Fig. 2 main difficult point problem of series resonant converter is that output voltage is difficult to stablize under underloading and the idle condition.When control frequency greater than resonance frequency fr, the output voltage of series resonance topology reduces along with the rising of control frequency, when load is decreased to light condition, output voltage tends towards stability, like this for burning voltage, operating frequency need rise very highly, but the problem that the wide meeting of operating frequency range brings magnetic device to be difficult to optimize.
Simultaneously, operating frequency is high more, and circuit loss is also big more.Drive signal and current waveform figure when as shown in Figure 3, equaling resonance frequency for the series resonant converter operating frequency.As can be seen from the figure, the switching tube cut-off current is very little.And operating frequency is when being higher than resonance frequency, and as shown in Figure 4, cut-off current increases rapidly, and also height when equaling resonance frequency of operating frequency.This can cause the switching tube switching loss to rise rapidly, thereby brings integrity problem.
In addition, approaching unloaded when load, because operating frequency is too high and the reason of parasitic parameter resonance, output voltage might rise on the contrary, causes carrying out negative feedback control.Therefore in the power supply industry, there is the people to add fixing load, utilizes this method regulated output voltage under underloading and idle condition, but can increase no-load loss like this, reduce power-efficient at output.
When the series resonant converter output voltage is higher, require operating frequency lower again, like this, for series resonant converter, specified output just can not design in operating frequency and equal the resonance frequency place, and the efficient under the rated condition can not get optimized design; And the magnetic device design will be calculated magnetic flux density according to low-limit frequency, and therefore, the volume of magnetic device is corresponding also according to the lowest operating frequency design, and magnetic device is difficult to optimize.
In sum, the rectifier circuit that has circuit of power factor correction is carried out simple variable frequency control can cause the wide even inefficacy of operating frequency range, bring magnetic element to be difficult to optimize the problem excessive with circuit loss, and the FEEDBACK CONTROL problem that is difficult to design, so simple frequency modulation control can't satisfy underloading or the requirement of output voltage stabilizing when unloaded.
Be that example has illustrated the defective that the frequency modulation control mode exists with the half bridge series resonance circuit above, same, the phenomenon of full-bridge series resonance circuit and half bridge series resonance phenomenon are identical.Theoretically, all there is similar problem in the resonant circuit of all frequency modulation control.
Be example again with the phase whole-bridging circuit, its specified output wishes that generally design is under the situation of equivalent duty ratio near full duty ratio (not considering duty-cycle loss), the effective value electric current is reduced, thereby in the greater efficiency that obtains under the situation of using MOSFET under the specified output situation.But, for the phase whole-bridging circuit of wide output area, also to consider the ceiling voltage on can output rated voltage, therefore, the duty ratio of rated voltage output can only be designed under the maximum duty cycle that allows less than circuit, the switching tube loss can not get optimized design like this.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide voltage regulator circuit, and the busbar voltage of regulating circuit of power factor correction is regulated.
Voltage regulator circuit provided by the invention, be used to regulate the output voltage of circuit of power factor correction, voltage regulator circuit produces conditioning signal according to the voltage or the current controling signal of the late-class circuit of circuit of power factor correction, conditioning signal is superimposed upon the output voltage sampling feedback end of circuit of power factor correction, wherein, described circuit of power factor correction also comprises control circuit, and described voltage sample feedback end, voltage signal after the stack is fed back to described control circuit, and described control circuit is according to the output voltage of the described circuit of power factor correction of signal change that is fed back.This voltage regulator circuit comprises square-wave generator that produces square-wave signal and the filter that the square wave signal filtering is formed conditioning signal, square-wave generator receives voltage or the current controling signal from described late-class circuit, and the square-wave signal of generation forms conditioning signal output through filter.Preferably, square-wave generator is single-chip microcomputer or digital signal processor, and single-chip microcomputer or digital signal processor are according to the duty ratio of regulating square-wave signal from the voltage or the current controling signal of late-class circuit; Or adopt the microprocessor that contains the waveform generator function, or adopt hardware circuit to realize.Preferably, filter is the filtering alternating component, the active filter or the passive filter of output flip-flop.Filter comprises first triode, first resistance, second resistance and first electric capacity, the base stage of first triode is connected to the square-wave generator output by first resistance, collector electrode connects power supply, and emitter is connected with the output voltage sampling feedback end of circuit of power factor correction with first electric capacity by second resistance.Above-mentioned voltage regulator circuit preferably comprises arithmetic unit, and described arithmetic unit receives the voltage or the current controling signal of late-class circuit, and voltage or the current controling signal computing that receives formed conditioning signal output.Above-mentioned control signal is an aanalogvoltage, and arithmetic unit comprises detection, dividing potential drop and/or amplification to the computing of control signal; And conditioning signal is superimposed upon the output voltage sampling feedback end of circuit of power factor correction in the functional relation mode, and the functional relation mode comprises addition, subtracts each other, multiplies each other and/or is divided by.Preferably, described late-class circuit comprises DC/DC converter, above-mentioned circuit of power factor correction and DC/DC converter serial connection form rectifier circuit, and voltage regulator circuit is serially connected between circuit of power factor correction and the DC/DC converter; DC/DC converter comprises full-bridge series/parallel resonant circuit, half-bridge series/parallel resonant circuit or LLC resonant circuit, or phase-shifted full-bridge converter, forward converter, anti exciting converter or full-bridge/half-bridge hard switching rectifier.
Voltage regulator circuit provided by the invention, circuit of power factor correction output busbar voltage is adjusted, and then realization is to the improvement of late-class circuit characteristic, especially improve the late-class circuit performance that contains resonance DC/DC converter, when the late-class circuit output voltage is low, reduce the busbar voltage of circuit of power factor correction, improve the busbar voltage of circuit of power factor correction when the late-class circuit output voltage is higher, can optimize the performance of circuit of power factor correction late-class circuit, raise the efficiency, with low cost, stable performance makes magnetic device be easy to design, is easy to promote the use of.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the series resonant converter circuit diagram of prior art of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the series resonant converter operating frequency and the output voltage graph of relation of prior art of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is drive waveforms and the resonance current oscillogram of the series resonant converter operating frequency of prior art of the present invention when equaling resonance frequency;
Fig. 4 is the low pressure series resonant converter operating frequency of prior art of the present invention drive waveforms and a resonance current oscillogram during greater than resonance frequency;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that first embodiment of the invention is used for rectifier circuit;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that second embodiment of the invention is used for another rectifier circuit.
The realization of the object of the invention, functional characteristics and advantage will be in conjunction with the embodiments, are described further with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 5, the circuit of first embodiment is shown.The voltage regulator circuit of present embodiment comprises square-wave generator 111 and filter 112, wherein square-wave generator 111 adopts the single-chip microcomputer square-wave generator, this single-chip microcomputer receives the control signal that late-class circuit sends, according to of the adjusting of described control signal, send the square-wave signal of scalable duty ratio by scm software realization square-wave signal duty ratio.Filter 112 is a low pass filter, comprise triode Q1, resistance R 1, resistance R 2 and capacitor C 1, the base stage of triode Q1 is connected to the output of square-wave generator 111 by resistance R 1, the collector electrode of triode Q1 connects power supply, and emitter is connected with sampling feedback end 106 with capacitor C 1 by resistance R 2.The square-wave signal that the 112 pairs of square-wave generators of filter produce carries out power amplification, filtering, and to obtain direct voltage be conditioning signal, sends the busbar voltage sampling feedback end 106 of pfc circuit to.The purpose of triode power amplification circuit is to reduce the output impedance of square-wave generator.Busbar voltage sampling feedback end 106 voltages of pfc circuit change, and then the busbar voltage of pfc circuit (Vout) changes.
Wherein triode Q1 can reduce the output impedance of square-wave generator, to obtain the corresponding relation of better duty ratio/regulation voltage.
The duty cycle square wave that produces when square-wave generator 111 increases, and then passes through the also corresponding increase of direct voltage behind the filter 112, and the control chip Voltage loop feedback end voltage Vfeedback of pfc circuit also raises, and then the busbar voltage of pfc circuit reduces; Correspondingly, reduce the duty ratio of square-wave signal, then the control chip Voltage loop feedback end voltage Vfeedback of pfc circuit reduces, and then the busbar voltage of pfc circuit reduces.Be negative dull relation between the square-wave signal duty ratio that square-wave generator 111 produces and the busbar voltage of pfc circuit.
But the logical relation between the square-wave signal duty ratio that square-wave generator 111 produces and the busbar voltage of pfc circuit is not limited only to negative monotonic relationshi, between filter 112 and square-wave generator 111, inverter is set, can makes the relation that becomes positive dullness between the busbar voltage of square-wave signal duty ratio that square-wave generator 111 produces and pfc circuit.
The DC adjustment voltage of filter 112 output of present embodiment is the relation of addition stack with the busbar voltage sampling feedback end of pfc circuit, in fact, can also adopt and subtract each other, multiplies each other, is divided by etc. more flexibly that logic sum function concerns.
With reference to Fig. 6, the schematic diagram that present embodiment is used for pfc circuit is shown, and existing Average Current Control APFC comprises interchange input source Vac 101, electromagnetic interface filter 102, input rectifying bridge 103, PFC power circuit 104 and late-class circuit 1041 thereof, control circuit 105 based on the pfc circuit control chip, pfc circuit busbar voltage (Vout) sample circuit 106, PFC electric current (Ipfc) sample circuit 107, input voltage effective value (Vrms) sample circuit 108 of pfc circuit busbar voltage, PFC input voltage effective value (Vac) sample circuit 109 and drive circuit 110.Wherein late-class circuit 1041 is a DC/DC converter, comprises power and control section.
The square-wave generator 111 and the filter 112 that in having the rectifier circuit that has the Average Current Control active PFC circuit now, add present embodiment, the input of square-wave generator 111 is connected with the control unit of DC to DC converter in the late-class circuit, output is connected with the input of filter 112, the output of filter 112 is connected with pfc circuit busbar voltage (Vout) sample circuit 106 of rectifier circuit, variation by late-class circuit DC to DC converter control unit control signal, square-wave generator 111 and filter 112 generate the conditioning signal that changes, conditioning signal is imported pfc circuit busbar voltage (Vout) sample circuit 106, influence the sampling feedback terminal voltage, and then change the PFC busbar voltage of rectifier circuit.
PFC control chip in the present embodiment can be Active Power Factor Correction control chips such as UC3854, L4981; Late-class circuit can be a DC to DC converter, also can be simple load.Electromagnetic interface filter 102 is optional device, can reach whether needs select whether to have electromagnetic interface filter 102 according to the designing requirement of rectifier circuit.
The part that determines the pfc circuit output voltage values in the present embodiment is that the feedback voltage of pfc circuit busbar voltage (Vout) sample circuit 106 reaches the internal voltage reference value based on the control circuit 105 of PFC control chip.Therefore described internal voltage reference value can not change owing to be solidificated in control chip inside.
If realize square wave generation function by the microprocessor that has analog/digital (A/D) sampling function, then can realize described late-class circuit signal (voltage or current signal) is sampled by A/D conversion function, by the microprocessor internal computing, convert the output of variable duty ratio square wave to again; If described square-wave generator adopts the hardware circuit scheme, then comprise load signal sampling module (as the simple resistor pressure sampling circuit), computing module operational amplification circuits such as (as power amplification or) adding/subtract/take advantage of/remove and square wave generation module.
The mode of above-mentioned realization adjusting PFC busbar voltage is the method by square-wave generator and filter.In addition, can also can reach the purpose of regulating the PFC busbar voltage equally by the certain analog converting of described late-class circuit output information process being superimposed upon the control circuit pressure feedback port of pfc circuit.Can define a voltage regulator circuit and realize this function.
Above-mentioned late-class circuit can be DC to DC converter, have rectification link, power factor correction link, DC link integrated circuit we be referred to as rectifier.The late-class circuit of pfc circuit can be full-bridge series/parallel resonant circuit, half-bridge series/parallel resonant circuit or LLC resonant circuit and distortion topology thereof, or phase-shifting full-bridge, normal shock, instead swashs or full-bridge/half-bridge hard switching rectifier and distortion topology thereof.By adopting the voltage regulator circuit of this patent, can improve the late-class circuit of pfc circuit, the performance of the DC partial circuit of especially described rectifier.
Propose second embodiment of the invention at this, second embodiment of the invention adopts arithmetic unit to realize voltage regulator circuit, and this arithmetic unit is applied to the schematic diagram of a pfc circuit with reference to Fig. 7.
Pfc circuit and DC/DC converter are that late-class circuit 220 serial connections form rectifier circuit in the present embodiment, and wherein pfc circuit comprises interchange input source Vac, PFC power circuit 204, the control circuit 205 based on the PFC control chip, pfc circuit busbar voltage (Vout) sample circuit 206, PFC electric current (Ipfc) sample circuit 207 and drive circuit 210; DC/DC converter 220 comprises load 2041, DC to DC converter power cell 214, DC to DC converter driver element 215, DC to DC converter control unit 216 and DC to DC converter output voltage V dc sampling unit 217.
Add the arithmetic unit 211 of present embodiment in above-mentioned rectifier circuit, the input of this arithmetic unit 211 is connected with DC to DC converter control unit 216, and Vadj is to pfc circuit busbar voltage (Vout) sample circuit 206 in output output.
This arithmetic unit 211 receives the control signal Vdc that DC-DC control units 216 send, and after testing, dividing potential drop and/or amplify computing, forms conditioning signal Vadj, changes sampling circnit NOT 206 voltages, and then changes pfc circuit busbar voltage (Vout).When control signal Vdc met the input voltage condition of pfc circuit busbar voltage (Vout) sample circuit 206, arithmetic unit 211 can directly be exported control signal Vdc without computing as conditioning signal Vadj.
The above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention; be not so limit claim of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to be done; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. voltage regulator circuit, be used to regulate the output voltage of circuit of power factor correction, it is characterized in that, described voltage regulator circuit produces conditioning signal according to the voltage or the current controling signal of the late-class circuit of described circuit of power factor correction, described conditioning signal is superimposed upon the output voltage sampling feedback end of described circuit of power factor correction
Wherein, described circuit of power factor correction also comprises control circuit, and
Described voltage sample feedback end, the stack after voltage signal be fed back to described control circuit, described control circuit is according to the output voltage of the described circuit of power factor correction of signal change that is fed back.
2. voltage regulator circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described voltage regulator circuit comprises square-wave generator that produces square-wave signal and the filter that described square-wave signal filtering is formed conditioning signal, described square-wave generator receives voltage or the current controling signal from described late-class circuit, and the square-wave signal of generation forms conditioning signal output through filter.
3. voltage regulator circuit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described square-wave generator is single-chip microcomputer or digital signal processor, and described single-chip microcomputer or digital signal processor are according to the duty ratio of regulating described square-wave signal from the voltage or the current controling signal of described late-class circuit.
4. voltage regulator circuit according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described square-wave generator adopts the microprocessor that contains the waveform generator function, or adopts hardware circuit to realize.
5. voltage regulator circuit according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described filter is the filtering alternating component, the active filter or the passive filter of output flip-flop.
6. voltage regulator circuit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described filter comprises first triode, first resistance, second resistance and first electric capacity, the base stage of described first triode is connected to described square-wave generator output by described first resistance, collector electrode connects power supply, and emitter is connected with the output voltage sampling feedback end of described circuit of power factor correction with first electric capacity by described second resistance.
7. voltage regulator circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described voltage regulator circuit comprises arithmetic unit, and described arithmetic unit receives the voltage or the current controling signal of described late-class circuit, and described voltage or the current controling signal computing that receives formed conditioning signal output.
8. voltage regulator circuit according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described control signal is an aanalogvoltage, and described arithmetic unit comprises detection, dividing potential drop and/or amplification to the computing of described control signal.
9. according to the described voltage regulator circuit of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described conditioning signal is superimposed upon the output voltage sampling feedback end of described circuit of power factor correction in the functional relation mode, and described functional relation mode comprises addition, subtracts each other, multiplies each other and/or is divided by.
10. according to the described voltage regulator circuit of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described late-class circuit comprises DC/DC converter, described circuit of power factor correction and DC/DC converter serial connection form rectifier circuit, and described voltage regulator circuit is serially connected between described circuit of power factor correction and the DC/DC converter; Described DC/DC converter comprises full-bridge series/parallel resonant circuit, half-bridge series/parallel resonant circuit or LLC resonant circuit, or phase-shifted full-bridge converter, forward converter, anti exciting converter or full-bridge/half-bridge hard switching rectifier.
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| CN1219798A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 1999-06-16 | 深圳市华为电气股份有限公司 | Three-phase rectification circuit with power-factor correction and harmonic wave inhibiting circuit |
| CN1667931A (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-09-14 | 全汉企业股份有限公司 | Power-supply switching system |
-
2007
- 2007-02-13 CN CN2007100802182A patent/CN101247072B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5488269A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-01-30 | General Electric Company | Multi-resonant boost high power factor circuit |
| CN1219798A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 1999-06-16 | 深圳市华为电气股份有限公司 | Three-phase rectification circuit with power-factor correction and harmonic wave inhibiting circuit |
| CN1667931A (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-09-14 | 全汉企业股份有限公司 | Power-supply switching system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101247072A (en) | 2008-08-20 |
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