CN113640686B - Fault self-diagnosis device and method - Google Patents
Fault self-diagnosis device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113640686B CN113640686B CN202110782796.0A CN202110782796A CN113640686B CN 113640686 B CN113640686 B CN 113640686B CN 202110782796 A CN202110782796 A CN 202110782796A CN 113640686 B CN113640686 B CN 113640686B
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- 238000004092 self-diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault self-diagnosis circuit device and method in a single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode. A single battery voltage acquisition loop is connected in parallel between the positive end and the negative end of each single battery respectively and connected with the equalizing resistor; the first and the last single batteries are connected to form a battery pack end acquisition voltage loop, and the first and the last single batteries are connected to form a battery pack end acquisition voltage loop and are respectively connected in series with an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch; the first and the last equalization resistors are respectively connected in series with an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch and the first and the last single battery voltage acquisition loops; therefore, the positioning of abnormal positions such as abnormal resistance and abnormal balanced switch existing in the single-wire acquisition and passive balanced circuit is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode fault self-diagnosis method, in particular to a single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit adopted in a battery management system and a fault self-diagnosis method and device under the mode.
Background
In electric vehicles, energy storage power stations and the like in the new energy field, a large number of batteries are used after being grouped, and due to the consistency of the batteries, a battery management system matched with the battery pack at present has an equalization function under most conditions, and generally has passive equalization or active equalization, wherein the passive equalization generally adopts a mode of using a switch control resistor to consume energy. Furthermore, due to cost factors, battery management systems employ a single-wire design in the voltage acquisition circuit.
When the equalization switch is abnormal and the switch is normally closed or normally open, the single battery can be equalized all the time or equalization can not be started; the normally closed condition also causes errors caused by the single-wire acquisition voltage. Therefore, the condition that the switch is normally closed or normally open exists in the case of the balance switch abnormality, the acquisition abnormality of the single-wire acquisition voltage caused by the abnormal resistance is required to be judged, the abnormal position of the single-wire acquisition voltage is further positioned, and the method brings guidance for fault judgment, equipment maintenance and subsequent design.
However, the existing battery management system has no related further abnormal positioning mode, and a fault self-diagnosis method in a single-wire system acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode needs to be provided to specifically position abnormal positions such as abnormal resistance, abnormal equalization switch and the like in the single-wire system acquisition and passive equalization circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, an object of the invention is to provide a fault self-diagnosis device based on a single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit; the invention further aims to provide a fault self-diagnosis method in a single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode.
A fault self-diagnosis circuit device under a single-wire system acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode comprises: the device is specifically constructed as follows, the positive and negative ends of each single battery are respectively connected with an equalizing resistor, the equalizing resistors connected with two adjacent single batteries are one, an equalizing control switch is connected between the equalizing resistors connected with the positive and negative ends of each single battery respectively, a single battery voltage acquisition loop is connected between the equalizing resistors connected with the positive and negative ends of each single battery respectively in parallel, and the first and the last single batteries are connected to form a battery pack end acquisition voltage loop;
in a battery pack end acquisition voltage loop formed by connecting the first and the last single batteries, an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch Q11 and Q22 are respectively connected in series, and an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch Q12 and a first and the last equalizing resistor are respectively connected in series, so that the first and the last single batteries are connected in series with the first and the last single battery voltage acquisition loops;
at ordinary times, the Q11 switch is closed at the end a, the Q22 switch is closed at the end b, and a first circuit for collecting voltage at the end of the battery pack is formed; the Q12 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a first loop for collecting the voltage of the first unit battery of the battery pack is formed; the Q21 switch is closed at the end a of the battery pack, so that a first loop for collecting the voltage of the first unit battery of the battery pack is formed; wherein Q11 and Q12 cannot be simultaneously positioned at the same end of the switch, and Q21 and Q22 cannot be simultaneously positioned at the same end of the switch;
the Q11 switch is closed at the b end, the Q12 switch is closed at the a end, and a second circuit for collecting the voltage of the alternative first single battery of the battery pack can be formed;
the Q22 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, and the Q21 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a second loop for collecting voltage of the battery pack alternative last unit cell can be formed;
the Q12 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, the Q21 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, and a second circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed; the Q12 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, and the Q22 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a third circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed; the Q11 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, and the Q21 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a fourth circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed.
Preferably, the passive equalization control switch K is a MOS tube. (PMOS like infineon brand BSS308 PE)
Preferably, the alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch is a relay (optocoupler relay AQV258HAX C88/loose brand) or a triode device.
Preferably, the balancing resistor is 10 ohms; a 1206 package is used.
The fault self-diagnosis method under the single-wire system acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode comprises the following steps:
the first step: when the voltage acquisition of the single battery is abnormal, starting the positioning judgment of the abnormal resistance position.
Step 1.1: when the voltage acquisition of the discontinuous single battery is abnormal, the resistance of the initial position is judged to be abnormal according to the initial sequence number of the abnormal single battery.
Step 1.2: when the voltage collection of two continuous single batteries is abnormal, when the abnormal single batteries have the sequence numbers of the beginning and the end, judging the abnormal positions of the resistances connected with the beginning and the end single batteries by adopting a second loop for collecting the voltages of the first and the end single batteries, a third loop for collecting the voltages of the battery pack end and a fourth loop for collecting the voltages of the battery pack end; when the first and the last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries do not exist, the abnormal positions of the resistances are the intermediate resistances of the two continuous abnormal single batteries.
Step 1.3: when the voltage collection of three continuous single batteries is abnormal, judging the abnormal position of the connection resistance of the first and the last single batteries by adopting a first and the last single battery voltage collection second loop, a battery pack end collection voltage third loop and a battery pack end collection voltage fourth loop when the abnormal single batteries have the first and the last serial numbers; when the first and the last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries do not exist, the abnormal positions of the resistors are the middle two resistors of the three continuous abnormal single batteries.
Step 1.4: when the voltage collection of the three continuous single batteries is abnormal, judging the abnormal position of the connecting resistance of the first and the last single batteries by adopting a second loop for collecting the voltage of the first and the last single batteries, a third loop for collecting the voltage of the battery pack end and a fourth loop for collecting the voltage of the battery pack end, wherein the other abnormal position of the connecting resistance is the outermost connecting resistance of a plurality of continuous abnormal single batteries, and the residual failure can not be judged to be output failure is uncertain; when the first and last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries are not existed, the abnormal positions of the resistors are two resistors connected with the outermost edges of the continuous multiple abnormal single batteries, and the output faults can not be judged to be undetermined by the surplus.
And a second step of: when the voltage acquisition of the single battery is abnormal, starting the passive balanced switch to carry out the inspection on the abnormal position, wherein the inspection comprises the inspection at the power-on time of the battery management system and the regular inspection.
Step 2.1: when the battery pack is in a stable and static state, the first loop for collecting the voltage at the pack end is adopted to be compared with the first loop for collecting the voltage of the single battery, if the first loop is unequal, the normally closed abnormality exists due to abnormal switch.
Step 2.2: when the battery pack is in a stable and static state, the first loop for collecting the voltage at the pack end is adopted to be compared with the first loop for collecting the voltage of the single battery, if the first loop is equal to the first loop for collecting the voltage of the single battery, a passive balanced switch abnormal position regular inspection mode is adopted.
Step 2.3: the abnormal position judging method of the passive balanced switch is as follows: the voltage collected by the corresponding single battery is changed before and after the switch is opened and closed, the switch is normal, if the voltage collected by the corresponding single battery is not changed, the switch is abnormal, and the switch is normal or normal open.
Preferably, the periodic inspection is once every 7 days.
The invention realizes the positioning of abnormal positions such as abnormal resistance, abnormal balanced switch and the like in the single-wire acquisition and passive balanced circuit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a failure self-diagnosis apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing connection of the fault diagnosis apparatus of the present invention when the fault diagnosis apparatus collects the switching state.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the failure self-diagnosis apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the abnormal resistance position location determination process according to the method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of connection when voltage collection of discontinuous single battery cells is abnormal.
Fig. 6a is a schematic diagram of connection when voltage collection of two continuous single batteries is abnormal.
Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of connection when voltage collection of two continuous single batteries is abnormal.
Fig. 7a is a schematic diagram of connection when three continuous single cell voltage acquisitions are abnormal.
Fig. 7b is a schematic diagram of connection when three continuous single cell voltage collection is abnormal.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of connection in case of abnormality in voltage collection of more than three continuous unit cells.
Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram when the passive equalization state is not activated.
Fig. 10 is a circuit schematic diagram of section 1 when a passive equalization state is initiated.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, taking 5 single batteries as an example, the fault self-diagnosis device in a single-wire system acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode provided by the invention has the circuit structure that each single battery is respectively connected with an equalization resistor at the positive end and the negative end, the equalization resistors connected with two adjacent single batteries are one, an equalization control switch is connected between each equalization resistor, a single battery voltage acquisition loop is connected between each equalization resistor in parallel, and the first single battery and the last single battery are connected to form a battery pack end acquisition voltage loop.
And the first and the last single batteries are connected to form a battery pack end acquisition voltage loop, an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch is respectively connected in series, and the first and the last equalization resistors are respectively connected in series with an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch and the first and the last single battery voltage acquisition loops.
Preferably, the passive equalization control switch K is a MOS tube. (PMOS like infineon brand BSS308 PE)
Preferably, the alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch is a relay (optocoupler relay AQV258HAX C88/loose brand) or a triode device.
Preferably, the balancing resistor is 10 ohms (packaged using 1206)
As shown in fig. 2, taking 5 single batteries as an example, a single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit block diagram acquires a state of a Q switch at a certain alternative mode.
At ordinary times, the Q11 switch is closed at the end a, the Q22 switch is closed at the end b, and a first circuit for collecting voltage at the end of the battery pack is formed; the Q12 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a first loop for collecting the voltage of the first unit battery of the battery pack is formed; the Q21 switch is closed at the end a of the battery pack, and a first loop for collecting the voltage of the first unit battery of the battery pack is formed. Wherein, Q11, Q12 can not be in the same end of switch at the same time, Q21, Q22 can not be in the same end of switch at the same time.
The Q11 switch is closed at the b end, and the Q12 switch is closed at the a end, so that a second loop for collecting the voltage of the alternative first single battery of the battery pack can be formed.
The Q22 switch is closed at the end a, the Q21 switch is closed at the end b, and a second loop for collecting the voltage of the battery pack alternative tail unit battery can be formed.
The Q12 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, the Q21 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, and a second circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed; the Q12 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, and the Q22 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a third circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed; the Q11 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, and the Q21 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a fourth circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed.
Fig. 3 is a single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit diagram of 5 single-cell battery, and the chip device in fig. 3 is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the corresponding functional chip has similar functions and can perform alternative arrangements.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, the judging flow of the specific method of the fault self-diagnosis device in the single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode according to the present invention may specifically include the following steps:
the first step: when the voltage acquisition of the single battery is abnormal, starting the positioning judgment of the abnormal resistance position.
Step 1.1: when the voltage acquisition of the discontinuous single battery is abnormal, the resistance of the initial position is judged to be abnormal according to the initial sequence number of the abnormal single battery.
Step 1.2: when the voltage collection of two continuous single batteries is abnormal, when the abnormal single batteries have the sequence numbers of the beginning and the end, judging the abnormal positions of the resistances connected with the beginning and the end single batteries by adopting a second loop for collecting the voltages of the first and the end single batteries, a third loop for collecting the voltages of the battery pack end and a fourth loop for collecting the voltages of the battery pack end; when the first and the last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries do not exist, the abnormal positions of the resistances are the intermediate resistances of the two continuous abnormal single batteries.
Step 1.3: when the voltage collection of three continuous single batteries is abnormal, judging the abnormal position of the connection resistance of the first and the last single batteries by adopting a first and the last single battery voltage collection second loop, a battery pack end collection voltage third loop and a battery pack end collection voltage fourth loop when the abnormal single batteries have the first and the last serial numbers; when the first and the last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries do not exist, the abnormal positions of the resistors are the middle two resistors of the three continuous abnormal single batteries.
Step 1.4: when the voltage collection of the three continuous single batteries is abnormal, judging the abnormal position of the connecting resistance of the first and the last single batteries by adopting a second loop for collecting the voltage of the first and the last single batteries, a third loop for collecting the voltage of the battery pack end and a fourth loop for collecting the voltage of the battery pack end, wherein the other abnormal position of the connecting resistance is the outermost connecting resistance of a plurality of continuous abnormal single batteries, and the residual failure can not be judged to be output failure is uncertain; when the first and last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries are not existed, the abnormal positions of the resistors are two resistors connected with the outermost edges of the continuous multiple abnormal single batteries, and the output faults can not be judged to be undetermined by the surplus.
And a second step of: when the voltage acquisition of the single battery is abnormal, starting the passive balanced switch to carry out the inspection on the abnormal position, wherein the inspection comprises the inspection at the power-on time of the battery management system and the regular inspection.
Step 2.1: when the battery pack is in a stable and static state, the first loop for collecting the voltage at the pack end is adopted to be compared with the first loop for collecting the voltage of the single battery, if the first loop is unequal, the normally closed abnormality exists due to abnormal switch.
Step 2.2: when the battery pack is in a stable and static state, the first loop for collecting the voltage at the pack end is adopted to be compared with the first loop for collecting the voltage of the single battery, if the first loop is equal to the first loop for collecting the voltage of the single battery, a passive balanced switch abnormal position regular inspection mode is adopted.
Step 2.3: the abnormal position judging method of the passive balanced switch is as follows: the voltage collected by the corresponding single battery is changed before and after the switch is opened and closed, the switch is normal, if the voltage collected by the corresponding single battery is not changed, the switch is abnormal, and the switch is normal or normal open.
Alternatively, the date of the patrol may be set according to the operating parameters of the apparatus, such as once every 7 days for periodic patrol.
Example 3
The following description will be given by taking 5 batteries as examples. Firstly, the abnormal resistance position is taken as an example for illustration, and the abnormal resistance can lead to invalid acquisition of the connected single batteries or invalid acquisition of the second, third and fourth loops of the voltage at the group end. Abnormal resistance can cause the following four conditions, when discontinuous single cell voltage acquisition is abnormal; when the voltage acquisition of two continuous single batteries is abnormal; when the voltage acquisition of three continuous single batteries is abnormal; when the voltage acquisition of more than three continuous single batteries is abnormal.
1. When abnormal voltage collection of the discontinuous single battery cells occurs, the following is exemplified:
as shown in FIG. 5, when the R0 damage breaks, U u01 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u12 The acquisition voltage is effective.
2. When the voltage collection of two continuous single batteries is abnormal, the following is exemplified:
as shown in FIG. 6a, when the R1 damage breaks, U u01 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u12 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u05 The acquisition voltage is effective.
As shown in FIG. 6b, when R0, R1 damage breaks, U u01 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u12 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u05 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u23 Collecting voltage is effective
3. When abnormality occurs in the voltage collection of three continuous unit cells, examples are as follows:
as shown in FIG. 7a, when R1, R2 damage breaks, U u01 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u12 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u23 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u05 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u34 The acquisition voltage is effective.
As shown in FIG. 7b, when R0, R2 damage breaks, U u01 Collecting voltageInvalid, U u12 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u23 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u05 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u34 The acquisition voltage is effective, U d0u1 The acquisition voltage is effective.
4. When voltage collection abnormality greater than three continuous single batteries occurs, examples are as follows:
as shown in FIG. 8, when R1, R3 damage breaks, U u01 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u12 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u23 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u34 Collecting voltage is invalid, U u05 The acquisition voltage is effective, U u45 The acquisition voltage is valid but it cannot be determined whether R2 is damaging to turn off.
As shown in fig. 9-10, the following description will take an equalization switch abnormality determination as an example, where the equalization switch abnormality has a case where the switch is normally closed or normally open, which may result in that the unit cells are always equalized or equalization cannot be started.
Three conditions are caused when discontinuous single equalizing switch abnormality occurs; when two continuous balanced switches are abnormal; when more than two consecutive equalization switches are abnormal.
When the voltage collected by the corresponding single battery is changed before and after the switch is opened and closed, the switch is normal, if the voltage collected by the corresponding single battery is not changed, the switch is abnormal, and the switch is normal or normal open.
When a certain switch is opened and the voltage is not changed before and after the switch is closed, the adjacent switch is opened and closed for judgment, and when the adjacent switch is closed, if the voltage is reduced or increased, the damage of the switch can be indicated to lead to normally closed or normally open.
As shown in fig. 9, when the single-wire acquisition is performed, passive equalization is not started (i.e., when the switches K1 to K5 are all open and not closed).
Group terminal voltage ug=u d05 =U u05 ；
Single cell B1 voltage u1=u u01 =U d01 ；
Single cell B2 voltage u2=u u12 =U d12 ；
Single cell B3 voltage u3=u u23 =U d23 ；
Single cell B4 voltage u4=u u34 =U d34 。
Single cell B5 voltage u5=u u45 =U d45 。
As shown in fig. 10, when the cell B1 starts passive equalization, i.e., K1 is closed, the resistors R0 and R1 flow a current.
Single cell B1 voltage u1=u u01 =U R01 =U d01 -U R0 -U R1 ；
Single cell B2 voltage u2=u u12 =U d12 +U R1 ；
Single cell B3 voltage u3=u u23 =U d23 ；
Single cell B4 voltage u4=u u34 =U d34 。
Single cell B5 voltage u5=u u45 =U d45 。
Based on the examples described above, in one embodiment there is also provided a computer device/system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements any of the methods of the embodiments described above when executing the program.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above-described embodiments of the method may be implemented by a computer program for instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored on a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and in an embodiment of the present invention, the program may be stored on a storage medium of a computer system and executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the method including the embodiments of the video playing method as described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), or the like.
Accordingly, there is also provided a storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the program when executed by a processor implements any of the methods of the embodiments described above.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fault self-diagnosis circuit device based on single-wire system gathers and under passive equalizer circuit mode which characterized in that: the positive and negative ends of each single battery are respectively connected with an equalizing resistor, the equalizing resistors connected with two adjacent single batteries are one, a passive equalizing control switch is connected between the equalizing resistors connected with the positive and negative ends of each single battery respectively, a single battery voltage acquisition loop is connected between the equalizing resistors connected with the positive and negative ends of each single battery in parallel, and the first single battery and the last single battery are connected to form a battery pack end acquisition voltage loop; the first and the last single batteries are connected to form a battery pack end acquisition voltage loop, and an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch Q11 and an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch Q22 are respectively connected in series; the first and the last equalization resistors are respectively connected in series with an alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch Q12 and Q21 and are connected in series with the first and the last single battery voltage acquisition loops;
at ordinary times, the Q11 switch is closed at the end a, the Q22 switch is closed at the end b, and a first circuit for collecting voltage at the end of the battery pack is formed; the Q12 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a first loop for collecting the voltage of the first unit battery of the battery pack is formed; the Q21 switch is closed at the end a of the battery pack, so that a first loop for collecting the voltage of the last unit battery of the battery pack is formed; wherein Q11 and Q12 cannot be simultaneously positioned at the same end of the switch, and Q21 and Q22 cannot be simultaneously positioned at the same end of the switch;
the Q11 switch is closed at the b end, the Q12 switch is closed at the a end, and a second circuit for collecting the voltage of the alternative first single battery of the battery pack can be formed;
the Q22 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, and the Q21 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a second loop for collecting voltage of the battery pack alternative last unit cell can be formed;
the Q12 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, the Q21 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, and a second circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed; the Q12 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, and the Q22 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a third circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed; the Q11 switch is closed at the a end of the battery pack, and the Q21 switch is closed at the b end of the battery pack, so that a fourth circuit for collecting voltage at the battery pack end is formed.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further characterized by: the passive equalization control switch is a MOS tube.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further characterized by: the alternative acquisition voltage loop control switch is a relay or triode device.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further characterized by: the equalizing resistance is 5-20 ohms.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, further characterized by: the equalizing resistance is 10 ohms, and 1206 packaging is adopted for the equalizing resistance.
6. The apparatus of claim 3, further characterized by: the relay is an optical coupling relay.
7. A fault self-diagnosis method, characterized in that the fault self-diagnosis circuit device based on the single-wire acquisition and passive equalization circuit mode is used for fault self-diagnosis according to any one of claims 1-6; when the voltage acquisition of the single battery is abnormal, starting the positioning judgment of the abnormal resistance position;
step 1.1: when discontinuous single cell voltage acquisition is abnormal, judging that the resistance at the first position is abnormal according to the first sequence number of the abnormal single cell;
step 1.2: when the voltage collection of two continuous single batteries is abnormal, when the abnormal single batteries have the sequence numbers of the beginning and the end, judging the abnormal positions of the resistances connected with the beginning and the end single batteries by adopting a second loop for collecting the voltages of the first and the end single batteries, a third loop for collecting the voltages of the battery pack end and a fourth loop for collecting the voltages of the battery pack end; when the first and the last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries do not exist, the abnormal positions of the resistances are the intermediate resistances of the two continuous abnormal single batteries;
step 1.3: when the voltage collection of three continuous single batteries is abnormal, judging the abnormal position of the connection resistance of the first and the last single batteries by adopting a first and the last single battery voltage collection second loop, a battery pack end collection voltage third loop and a battery pack end collection voltage fourth loop when the abnormal single batteries have the first and the last serial numbers; when the first and the last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries do not exist, the abnormal positions of the resistors are the middle two resistors of the three continuous abnormal single batteries;
step 1.4: when the voltage collection of the three continuous single batteries is abnormal, judging the abnormal position of the connecting resistance of the first and the last single batteries by adopting a second loop for collecting the voltage of the first and the last single batteries, a third loop for collecting the voltage of the battery pack end and a fourth loop for collecting the voltage of the battery pack end, wherein the other abnormal position of the connecting resistance is the outermost connecting resistance of a plurality of continuous abnormal single batteries, and the residual failure can not be judged to be output failure is uncertain; when the first and last serial numbers of the abnormal single batteries are not existed, the abnormal positions of the resistors are two resistors connected with the outermost edges of the continuous multiple abnormal single batteries, and the output faults can not be judged to be undetermined by the surplus.
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