CN113437775A - Reverse connection preventing circuit and energy storage inverter - Google Patents
Reverse connection preventing circuit and energy storage inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113437775A CN113437775A CN202110745950.7A CN202110745950A CN113437775A CN 113437775 A CN113437775 A CN 113437775A CN 202110745950 A CN202110745950 A CN 202110745950A CN 113437775 A CN113437775 A CN 113437775A
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electronic power, in particular to an anti-reverse connection circuit and an energy storage inverter. The invention provides an anti-reverse connection circuit and an energy storage inverter, which comprise a positive electrode input end, a negative electrode input end, a pre-charging resistor, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a boost-buck circuit and a control unit, wherein the control unit is used for controlling the boost-buck circuit; the positive input end and the negative input end are used for connecting a battery; the first switch unit is connected with the pre-charging resistor in parallel, the first end of the first switch unit is connected with the positive input end, the second end of the first switch unit is connected with the first end of the second switch unit, and the first switch unit is used for short-circuiting the pre-charging resistor when the battery is connected positively and the charging of the buck-boost circuit is completed; the second end of the second switch unit is connected with the second input end of the buck-boost circuit, and the second switch unit is used for being cut off when the battery is reversely connected and being conducted when the battery is positively connected. In the circuit, when the battery is reversely connected, the circuit is disconnected through the second switch unit to achieve reverse connection prevention protection, and when the battery is positively connected, the charging current is restrained through the pre-charging resistor to achieve slow starting of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electronic power, in particular to an anti-reverse connection circuit and an energy storage inverter.
Background
The energy storage inverter needs to be connected with a battery to serve as an energy storage unit so as to achieve the functions of spontaneous self-use, peak clipping and valley filling and the like, but the risk of reverse connection exists when the battery input port of the inverter is installed and used on a customer site, and the reverse connection of the battery input may damage the battery and the inverter or cause personal injury to the customer and installation and maintenance personnel.
Referring to fig. 1, in general, the energy storage inverter includes an energy storage battery 200 and a buck-boost circuit 40, where the buck-boost circuit 40 includes a filter capacitor, a boost switch Q4 and a buck switch Q3, one end of the buck-boost circuit 40 is connected to the battery, and the other end of the buck-boost circuit 40 is used to connect to an inverter circuit to connect to a load or an input power source, so as to serve as a boost circuit when the battery is discharged and serve as a buck circuit when the battery is charged.
Usually, the energy storage inverter need compromise from the net support ability, and the electric capacity is selected great then, and the battery inserts and can charge for the electric capacity in the twinkling of an eye, and the battery joins conversely and inserts and can produce great discharge current in the twinkling of an eye, can lead to the battery short circuit through the body diode on the boost switch pipe Q4, and serious probably leads to battery, inverter to damage and cause personnel's injury, can produce great discharge current when the battery is joining in addition, has the risk of damaging the power device.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem mainly solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide an anti-reverse connection circuit and an energy storage inverter, which can not only protect the circuit when a battery is reversely connected, but also inhibit discharge current generated when the battery is positively connected.
In a first aspect, an anti-reverse connection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a positive electrode input end, a negative electrode input end, a pre-charging resistor, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a boost-buck circuit and a control unit;
the positive input end is used for being connected with a first end of a battery, and the negative input end is used for being connected with a second end of the battery;
the pre-charging resistor is used for inhibiting current generated in the charging process of the voltage boosting and reducing circuit when the battery is connected positively;
the first end of the first switch unit is connected with the first end of the pre-charging resistor, the second end of the first switch unit is connected with the second end of the pre-charging resistor, the first end of the first switch unit is also used for connecting the positive input end, the third end of the first switch unit is connected with the first end of the control unit, the control unit is used for outputting a first control signal to the first switch unit when the battery is connected positively and the buck-boost circuit finishes charging, and the first switch unit is used for conducting connection between the first end of the first switch unit and the second end of the first switch unit according to the first control signal so as to enable the pre-charging resistor to be in short circuit;
the first end of the second switch unit is connected with the second end of the first switch unit, the second end of the second switch unit is connected with the second input end of the buck-boost circuit, the third end of the second switch unit is connected with the second end of the control unit, the control unit is further used for outputting a second control signal to the second switch unit when the battery is connected positively and the buck-boost circuit finishes charging, the second switch unit is used for conducting the connection between the first end of the second switch unit and the second end of the second switch unit according to the second control signal, the first end of the second switch unit is disconnected with the second end of the second switch unit when the battery is reversely connected, and the first end of the second switch unit is connected with the second end of the second switch unit when the battery is positively connected;
the boost-buck circuit is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, the first input end of the boost-buck circuit is used for connecting the negative input end, the first output end of the boost-buck circuit and the second output end of the boost-buck circuit are both used for connecting a rear pole circuit to realize charging and discharging of a battery, the boost-buck circuit comprises a boost switch unit and a buck switch unit, the first end of the boost switch unit is connected with the first input end of the boost-buck circuit, the second end of the boost switch unit is connected with the second input end of the boost-buck circuit, the third end of the boost switch unit is connected with the third end of the control unit, the control unit is further used for outputting a third control signal to the boost switch unit, and the boost switch unit is used for conducting connection between the first end of the boost switch unit and the second end of the boost switch unit according to the third control signal, the buck-boost circuit is in a boost state, the first end of the buck switch unit is connected with the first input end of the buck-boost circuit, the second end of the buck switch unit is connected with the first output end of the buck-boost circuit, the third end of the buck switch unit is connected with the fourth end of the control unit, the control unit is further used for outputting a fourth control signal to the buck switch unit, and the buck switch unit is used for conducting connection between the first end of the buck switch unit and the second end of the buck switch unit according to the fourth control signal so as to enable the buck-boost circuit to be in a buck state.
In some embodiments, the first switching unit is a first IGBT tube;
the collector electrode of the first IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the pre-charging resistor, the collector electrode of the first IGBT tube is used for being connected with the positive input end, the emitter electrode of the first IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the second switch unit, and the gate pole of the first IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the control unit.
In some embodiments, the second switching unit is a second IGBT tube;
the emitter of the second IGBT tube is connected with the second end of the first switch unit, the collector of the second IGBT tube is connected with the first input end of the step-up and step-down circuit, and the gate of the second IGBT tube is connected with the second end of the control unit.
In some embodiments, the pre-charge resistor is a PTC thermistor.
In some embodiments, the anti-reverse connection circuit further comprises a voltage detection unit;
the first end of the voltage detection unit is connected with the first input end of the boost-buck circuit, the second end of the voltage detection unit is connected with the second input end of the boost-buck circuit, the third end of the voltage detection unit is connected with the fifth end of the control unit, the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the voltage between the first input end of the boost-buck circuit and the second input end of the boost-buck circuit and outputting the voltage to the control unit, and the control unit is used for outputting the first control signal to the first switch unit and outputting the second control signal to the second switch unit according to the voltage.
In some embodiments, the control unit is configured to output the first control signal to the first switch unit and output the second control signal to the second switch unit when the voltage is within a preset range, where the preset range is:
Vb-5≤V≤Vb+5；
wherein Vb is the voltage of the battery and V is the voltage.
In some embodiments, the buck-boost circuit further comprises an inductor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor;
the inductor is connected between the first input end of the buck-boost circuit and the buck switch unit in series;
the first capacitor is connected in series between a first input end of the buck-boost circuit and a second input end of the buck-boost circuit, and the second capacitor is connected in series between a first output end of the buck-boost circuit and a second output end of the buck-boost circuit.
In some embodiments, the buck switch unit is a third IGBT tube, and the boost switch unit is a fourth IGBT tube;
an emitter of the third IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the inductor, and a collector of the third IGBT tube is connected with the first output end of the buck-boost circuit; and the collector of the fourth IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the inductor, and the emitter of the fourth IGBT tube is connected with the second input end of the buck-boost circuit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage inverter, including the anti-reverse connection circuit according to any one of the first aspect.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention are as follows: different from the situation of the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides an anti-reverse connection circuit and an energy storage inverter, which comprise a positive electrode input end, a negative electrode input end, a pre-charging resistor, a first switch unit, a second switch unit and a buck-boost circuit; the positive input end and the negative input end are used for connecting a battery; the first switch unit is connected with the pre-charging resistor in parallel, the first end of the first switch unit is connected with the positive input end, the second end of the first switch unit is connected with the first end of the second switch unit, and the first switch unit is used for short-circuiting the pre-charging resistor when the battery is connected positively and the charging of the buck-boost circuit is completed; the second end of the second switch unit is connected with the second input end of the buck-boost circuit, and the second switch unit is used for being cut off when the battery is reversely connected and is used for being conducted when the battery is positively connected. In the circuit, when the battery is reversely connected, the circuit is disconnected through the second switch unit to achieve reverse connection prevention protection, and when the battery is positively connected, the charging current is restrained through the pre-charging resistor to achieve slow starting of the battery.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by the accompanying figures in the drawings that correspond thereto and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments, wherein elements/modules and steps having the same reference numerals are represented by like elements/modules and steps, unless otherwise specified, and the drawings are not to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an energy storage inverter provided in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a reverse connection prevention circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of an anti-reverse connection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of another anti-reverse connection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of resistance-temperature characteristics of a PTC thermistor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be noted that, if not conflicted, the various features of the embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, although the functional blocks are divided in the device diagram, in some cases, the blocks may be divided differently from those in the device. Further, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not limit the data and the execution order, but merely distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reverse connection preventing circuit, referring to fig. 2, the reverse connection preventing circuit 100 includes: the circuit comprises a positive input end B +, a negative input end B-, a pre-charging resistor 10, a first switch unit 20, a second switch unit 30, a buck-boost circuit 40 and a control unit 50.
The positive input end B + is used for being connected with a first end of a battery, and the negative input end B-is used for being connected with a second end of the battery.
The boost circuit 40 has a first input terminal a +, a second input terminal a-, a first output terminal D + and a second output terminal D-, the first input terminal a + of the boost circuit 40 is used for connecting the negative input terminal B-, the first output terminal D + of the boost circuit 40 and the second output terminal D-of the boost circuit 40 are both used for connecting the back pole circuit to realize charging and discharging of the battery, for example, the back stage circuit may be an inverter circuit, so that the boost circuit 40 is connected to the power grid through the inverter circuit, thereby realizing charging and discharging of the battery.
Specifically, the buck-boost circuit 40 includes a boost switch unit 41 and a buck switch unit 42, a first end of the boost switch unit 41 is connected to a first input end a + of the buck-boost circuit 40, a second end of the boost switch unit 41 is connected to a second input end a + of the buck-boost circuit 40, a third end of the boost switch unit 41 is connected to a third end of the control unit 50, the control unit 50 is further configured to output a third control signal to the boost switch unit 41, the boost switch unit 41 is configured to turn on the connection between the first end of the boost switch unit 41 and the second end of the boost switch unit 41 according to the third control signal, so that the buck-boost circuit 40 is in a boost state, a first end of the buck switch unit 42 is connected to the first input end a + of the buck-boost circuit 40, a second end of the buck switch unit 42 is connected to the first output end D + of the buck-boost circuit 40, and a third end of the buck switch unit 42 is connected to the fourth end of the control unit 50, the control unit 50 is further configured to output a fourth control signal to the buck switch unit 42, and the buck switch unit 42 is configured to turn on the connection between the first end of the buck switch unit 42 and the second end of the buck switch unit 42 according to the fourth control signal, so that the buck-boost circuit 40 is in the buck state. In addition, second input A-of buck-boost circuit 40 is in communication with second output D-.
The pre-charging resistor 10 is used for suppressing current generated in the charging process of the buck-boost circuit when the battery is connected positively; the first end of the first switch unit 20 is connected to the first end of the pre-charge resistor 10, the second end of the first switch unit 20 is connected to the second end of the pre-charge resistor 10, the first end of the first switch unit 20 is further used for connecting a positive input terminal B +, the third end of the first switch unit 20 is connected to the first end of the control unit 50, the control unit is used for outputting a first control signal to the first switch unit 20 when the battery is connected positively and when the buck-boost circuit 40 completes charging, and the first switch unit 20 is used for conducting connection between the first end of the first switch unit 20 and the second end of the first switch unit 20 according to the first control signal so as to enable the pre-charge resistor 10 to be short-circuited; the first end of the second switch unit 30 is connected to the second end of the first switch unit 20, the second end of the second switch unit 30 is connected to the second input end a of the buck-boost circuit 40, the third end of the second switch unit 30 is connected to the second end of the control unit 50, the control unit 50 is further configured to output a second control signal to the second switch unit 30 when the battery is connected in the forward direction and the buck-boost circuit 40 completes charging, the second switch unit 30 is configured to turn on the connection between the first end of the second switch unit 30 and the second end of the second switch unit 30 according to the second control signal, and is configured to turn off the connection between the first end of the second switch unit 30 and the second end of the second switch unit 30 when the battery is connected in the reverse direction, that is, the connection between the first end of the second switch unit 30 and the second end of the second switch unit is turned on when the battery is connected in the forward direction.
In the reverse connection prevention circuit 100, when the battery is reversely connected, that is, when the positive input terminal B + of the reverse connection prevention circuit 100 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery and the negative input terminal B-is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, the second switch unit 30 works in a cut-off state, at this time, the second end of the first switch unit 20 is disconnected with the second input terminal a-of the step-up and step-down circuit 40, and the reverse connection prevention circuit 100 cannot form a path, thereby playing a role in protecting the battery; when the battery is connected positively, that is, the positive input terminal B + of the reverse connection preventing circuit 100 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the negative input terminal B-is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the second switch unit 30 works in a conducting state, at this time, the battery charges the step-up/step-down voltage circuit 40 through the pre-charge resistor 10 and the second switch unit 30, after the step-up/step-down voltage circuit 40 is charged, the control unit 50 outputs a first control signal to the first switch unit 20, so that the first end and the second end of the first switch unit 20 are connected in a conducting state, the pre-charge resistor 10 is short-circuited, and meanwhile, the control unit 50 outputs a second control signal to the second switch unit 30, so that the second switch unit 30 continues to maintain the conducting state, and the battery and the step-up/step-down voltage circuit 40 are in a normal working state. In summary, the reverse connection prevention circuit 100 can not only protect the circuit when the battery is reversely connected, but also suppress the discharge current generated when the battery is positively connected, so as to realize the function of slow start of the battery, thereby avoiding the danger when the battery is reversely connected and the damage of the switch unit caused by the large current when the battery is positively connected.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the buck-boost circuit 40 further includes an inductor L, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2; the inductor L is connected in series between the first input terminal a + of the buck-boost circuit 40 and the buck switching unit 42; a first capacitor C1 is connected in series between the first input terminal a + of the buck-boost circuit 40 and the second input terminal a-of the buck-boost circuit 40, and a second capacitor C2 is connected in series between the first output terminal D + of the buck-boost circuit 40 and the second output terminal D-of the buck-boost circuit 40. The inductor L, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 play a role in filtering, and the capacity of the second capacitor C2 is greater than that of the first capacitor C1. In general, in the energy storage inverter, the first capacitor C1 is an energy storage inverter port filter capacitor, and the second capacitor C2 is an energy storage inverter internal bus capacitor.
In some embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 3, the buck switching unit 42 is a third IGBT Q3, and the boost switching unit 41 is a fourth IGBT Q4; an emitter of the third IGBT tube Q3 is connected to the first end of the inductor L, a collector of the third IGBT tube Q3 is connected to the first output end D + of the buck-boost circuit 40, and a gate of the third IGBT tube Q3 is connected to the fourth end of the control unit; the collector of the fourth IGBT Q4 is connected to the first end of the inductor L, the emitter of the fourth IGBT Q4 is connected to the second input terminal a of the buck-boost circuit 40, and the gate of the fourth IGBT Q4 is connected to the third end of the control unit. In practical applications, the buck switch unit 42 and the boost switch unit 41 may be MOS transistors or any other suitable switch devices, and need not be limited to the embodiment.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the first switching unit 20 is a first IGBT Q1; the collector of the first IGBT Q1 is connected to the first end of the pre-charge resistor 10, the collector of the first IGBT Q1 is connected to the positive input terminal B +, the emitter of the first IGBT Q1 is connected to the first end of the second switch unit 30, and the gate of the first IGBT Q1 is connected to the first end of the control unit. When the battery is connected and the buck-boost circuit 40 completes charging, the control unit outputs a first control signal to the first IGBT Q1, the first IGBT Q1 turns on the collector and emitter of the first IGBT Q1 according to the first control signal, and at this time, the pre-charging resistor 10 is short-circuited to complete pre-charging. In practical applications, the first switch unit 20 may be a MOS transistor, a relay, or any other suitable switch device, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 3, the second switching unit 30 is a second IGBT Q2; the emitter of the second IGBT Q2 is connected to the second terminal of the first switching unit 20, the collector of the second IGBT Q2 is connected to the first input terminal a + of the buck-boost circuit 40, and the gate of the second IGBT Q2 is connected to the second terminal of the control unit. Specifically, the emitter of second IGBT Q2 is connected to the emitter of first IGBT Q1. A body diode is arranged on the second IGBT tube Q2, when the battery is reversely connected, due to the cut-off characteristic of the body diode of the second IGBT tube Q2, the reverse connection loop of the battery is cut off, and the reverse connection prevention protection effect is realized; when the battery is connected positively, the body diode of the second IGBT Q2 works in a conducting state, at this time, the battery pre-charges the boost circuit 40 through the pre-charge resistor 10 and the body diode of the second IGBT Q2, and after charging is completed, the control unit outputs a first control signal to the first IGBT Q1 and a second control signal to the second IGBT Q2, so that the first IGBT Q1 and the second IGBT Q2 are both conducting, the pre-charge resistor 10 is shorted, and the battery and the boost circuit 40 work in a normal state.
In some embodiments, referring again to fig. 3, the pre-charge resistor 10 is a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) thermistor R. Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 can show the relationship between the resistance and the temperature of the PTC thermistor, wherein the abscissa represents the temperature and the ordinate represents the resistance. When the PTC thermistor R is in a pre-charging state for a long time, the temperature rises, when the temperature exceeds the Curie point temperature Tc, the resistance value rises steeply, the resistivity can be increased by 4-10 orders of magnitude, and then the pre-charging current-limiting effect can be achieved, so that the system is safer and more reliable.
In order to ensure that the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 are not damaged by the voltage difference between the first terminal of the first switch unit 20 and the second terminal of the second switch unit 30 when the battery is connected in the positive direction, the smaller the voltage difference is, the better the voltage difference between the positive input terminal B + and the first input terminal a + of the step-up/step-down circuit 40 is. Since negative input terminal B-is in communication with second input terminal a-of buck-boost circuit 40, the closer the voltage between first input terminal a + and second input terminal a-of buck-boost circuit 40 is to the battery voltage, the better when first switch unit 20 and second switch unit 30 are closed. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 again, the reverse connection preventing circuit 100 further includes a voltage detecting unit 60, a first end of the voltage detecting unit 60 is connected to the first input end a + of the buck-boost circuit 40, a second end of the voltage detecting unit 60 is connected to the second input end a + of the buck-boost circuit 40, a third end of the voltage detecting unit 60 is connected to the fifth end of the control unit 50, the voltage detecting unit 60 is configured to detect a voltage between the first input end a + and the second input end a + of the buck-boost circuit 40 and output the voltage to the control unit 50, and the control unit 50 is configured to output a first control signal to the first switch unit 20 and a second control signal to the second switch unit 30 according to the voltage.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the voltage detecting unit may detect the voltage across the first capacitor C1, where the detected voltage is also the voltage between the first input terminal a + and the second input terminal a-of the buck-boost circuit 40. It is understood that when the battery is connected and the charging of the first capacitor C1 is completed, the voltage across the first capacitor C1 should be as close as possible to the battery voltage, and then when the voltage detection unit detects that the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is the battery voltage, the control unit outputs the control signal to turn on the first and second switching units 20 and 30. In practical applications, the second input terminal a-of the buck-boost circuit 40 is generally a ground terminal, and the circuit structure of the voltage detection unit 60 may adopt a circuit structure in the prior art, which is not limited herein.
In practical applications, due to the sampling precision and the detection error, in some embodiments, when the voltage between the first input terminal a + and the second input terminal a-of the buck-boost circuit 40 is within a preset range, the control unit outputs the first control signal to the first switch unit 20 and outputs the second control signal to the second switch unit 30, where the preset range is:
Vb-5≤V≤Vb+5；
in the above equation, Vb is the voltage of the battery, and V is the voltage between the first input terminal A + and the second input terminal A-of the buck-boost circuit 40. In practical applications, the preset range may be set according to an actual sampling error, and the limitation in this embodiment is not required here.
The operation of the reverse connection preventing circuit 100 according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in fig. 3 and 4. Wherein, each IGBT tube selects N type IGBT tube, and the circuit connection mode refers to the above description, which is not repeated herein. In practical application, because the control signal voltage value of the control unit is generally less than the driving signal voltage value required by the IGBT, therefore, the first end of the control unit is connected with the gate of the first IGBT Q1 through the driving isolation optocoupler, similarly, the second end of the control unit is also connected with the gate of the second IGBT Q2 through the driving isolation optocoupler, generally, the control unit is arranged on the primary side of the driving isolation optocoupler, and the first IGBT Q1 and the second IGBT Q2 are arranged on the secondary side of the driving isolation optocoupler, and the specific connection mode thereof can refer to the circuit structure in the prior art, and is not limited herein. The gate of the third IGBT Q3 and the gate of the fourth IGBT Q4 may also be connected to a control unit, the control unit is further configured to control the third IGBT Q3 and the fourth IGBT Q4 to work, and the connection between the third IGBT Q3 and the fourth IGBT Q4 and the control unit may also refer to the above description, which is not repeated herein.
When the battery 200 is reversely connected, the body diode of the second IGBT Q2 is in a cut-off state and cannot form a loop, so that the function of preventing reverse connection of the battery is realized. When the battery 200 is connected positively, firstly, the battery voltage charges the first capacitor C1 through the PTC thermistor R and the body diode of the second IGBT Q2, and simultaneously charges the second capacitor C2 through the PTC thermistor R, the body diode of the second IGBT Q2, the inductor L and the body diode of the third IGBT Q3, when the voltage detection unit 60 detects that the voltage at the two ends of the first capacitor C1 is greater than or equal to Vb-5 and less than or equal to Vb +5, the control unit outputs a first control signal to the gate of the first IGBT Q1 and outputs a second control signal to the gate of the second IGBT Q2, the first IGBT Q1 and the second IGBT Q2 are conducted, the PTC thermistor R is short-circuited, and the battery and the lifting circuit 40 enter a normal working state.
That is, when the voltage detection unit 60 detects that the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is less than Vb-5 while the battery is being connected, the voltage of the battery 200 firstly charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 through the PTC thermistor R and the body diode of the second IGBT tube until the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is within a preset range, and the control unit outputs a control signal to turn on the first IGBT tube Q1 and the second IGBT tube Q2. When the voltage detection unit 60 detects that the voltage at the two ends of the first capacitor C1 is greater than Vb +5, at this time, the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is discharged to be lower than Vb-20 through the operation of the buck-boost circuit 40, and then the first capacitor C1 is charged through the PTC thermistor R and the body diode of the second IGBT tube until the voltage at the two ends of the first capacitor C1 is within the preset range, and the control unit outputs a control signal to enable the first IGBT tube Q1 and the second IGBT tube Q2 to be turned on. In practical applications, the voltage range of each IGBT when turned on or off may be set according to practical situations, and the limitation in this embodiment is not required here.
When the battery is connected and pre-charged and the system is in normal operation, namely the first IGBT Q1, the second IGBT Q2, the third IGBT Q3 and the fourth IGBT Q4 are all turned on, when the system triggers overvoltage protection or undervoltage protection, if the first IGBT Q1 and the second IGBT Q2 are turned off first, since the boost-buck circuit 40 is still in an operating state, the energy generated by the boost-buck circuit cannot be absorbed by the battery, which may cause the voltage at the two ends of the first capacitor C1 to rise, and at this time, the pressure between the emitter and collector of the fourth IGBT Q4 is too high, which may damage the device. In order to avoid such a situation, it is ensured that the energy conversion circuit is turned off at the first time, that is, the high-frequency chopper circuit is turned off, and the safety of the system is improved, when the system triggers the over-voltage protection and the under-voltage protection, the switching tube in the step-up/step-down voltage circuit 40 should be turned off first, and then the first IGBT tube Q1 and the second IGBT tube Q2 should be turned off, that is, in the reverse connection prevention circuit, the conduction of the third IGBT tube Q3 and the fourth IGBT tube Q4 should be turned off first, and then the first IGBT tube Q1 and the second IGBT tube Q2 should be turned off.
In conclusion, the reverse connection preventing circuit can protect the circuit when the battery is reversely connected, can inhibit the discharge current generated when the battery is positively connected, and realizes the function of slowly starting the battery, so that the danger when the battery is reversely connected and the damage of the large current to the switch unit when the battery is positively connected can be avoided, and the safety and the reliability of the system are improved.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a tank inverter, which includes an anti-reverse connection circuit as described in any one of the above first aspects. The energy storage inverter can protect a circuit when the battery is reversely connected, can inhibit discharge current generated when the battery is positively connected, and realizes the function of slow starting of the battery, so that the danger when the battery is reversely connected and the damage of large current to a switch unit when the battery is positively connected can be avoided.
The embodiment of the invention provides an anti-reverse connection circuit and an energy storage inverter, which comprise a positive electrode input end, a negative electrode input end, a pre-charging resistor, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a boost-buck circuit and a control unit, wherein the positive electrode input end is connected with the positive electrode input end; the positive input end and the negative input end are used for connecting a battery; the first switch unit is connected with the pre-charging resistor in parallel, the first end of the first switch unit is connected with the positive input end, the second end of the first switch unit is connected with the first end of the second switch unit, and the first switch unit is used for short-circuiting the pre-charging resistor when the battery is connected positively and the charging of the buck-boost circuit is completed; the second end of the second switch unit is connected with the second input end of the buck-boost circuit, and the second switch unit is used for being cut off when the battery is reversely connected and is used for being conducted when the battery is positively connected. In the circuit, when the battery is reversely connected, the circuit is disconnected through the second switch unit to achieve reverse connection prevention protection, and when the battery is positively connected, the charging current is restrained through the pre-charging resistor to achieve slow starting of the battery.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An anti-reverse connection circuit, comprising: the device comprises a positive electrode input end, a negative electrode input end, a pre-charging resistor, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a boost-buck circuit and a control unit;
the positive input end is used for being connected with a first end of a battery, and the negative input end is used for being connected with a second end of the battery;
the pre-charging resistor is used for inhibiting current generated in the charging process of the voltage boosting and reducing circuit when the battery is connected positively;
the first end of the first switch unit is connected with the first end of the pre-charging resistor, the second end of the first switch unit is connected with the second end of the pre-charging resistor, the first end of the first switch unit is also used for connecting the positive input end, the third end of the first switch unit is connected with the first end of the control unit, the control unit is used for outputting a first control signal to the first switch unit when the battery is connected positively and the buck-boost circuit finishes charging, and the first switch unit is used for conducting connection between the first end of the first switch unit and the second end of the first switch unit according to the first control signal so as to enable the pre-charging resistor to be in short circuit;
the first end of the second switch unit is connected with the second end of the first switch unit, the second end of the second switch unit is connected with the second input end of the buck-boost circuit, the third end of the second switch unit is connected with the second end of the control unit, the control unit is further used for outputting a second control signal to the second switch unit when the battery is connected positively and the buck-boost circuit finishes charging, the second switch unit is used for conducting the connection between the first end of the second switch unit and the second end of the second switch unit according to the second control signal, the first end of the second switch unit is disconnected with the second end of the second switch unit when the battery is reversely connected, and the first end of the second switch unit is connected with the second end of the second switch unit when the battery is positively connected;
the boost-buck circuit is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, the first input end of the boost-buck circuit is used for connecting the negative input end, the first output end of the boost-buck circuit and the second output end of the boost-buck circuit are both used for connecting a rear pole circuit to realize charging and discharging of a battery, the boost-buck circuit comprises a boost switch unit and a buck switch unit, the first end of the boost switch unit is connected with the first input end of the boost-buck circuit, the second end of the boost switch unit is connected with the second input end of the boost-buck circuit, the third end of the boost switch unit is connected with the third end of the control unit, the control unit is further used for outputting a third control signal to the boost switch unit, and the boost switch unit is used for conducting connection between the first end of the boost switch unit and the second end of the boost switch unit according to the third control signal, the buck-boost circuit is in a boost state, the first end of the buck switch unit is connected with the first input end of the buck-boost circuit, the second end of the buck switch unit is connected with the first output end of the buck-boost circuit, the third end of the buck switch unit is connected with the fourth end of the control unit, the control unit is further used for outputting a fourth control signal to the buck switch unit, and the buck switch unit is used for conducting connection between the first end of the buck switch unit and the second end of the buck switch unit according to the fourth control signal so as to enable the buck-boost circuit to be in a buck state.
2. The reverse-connection prevention circuit of claim 1, wherein the first switching unit is a first IGBT tube;
the collector electrode of the first IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the pre-charging resistor, the collector electrode of the first IGBT tube is used for being connected with the positive input end, the emitter electrode of the first IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the second switch unit, and the gate pole of the first IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the control unit.
3. The reverse-connection preventing circuit according to claim 1, wherein the second switch unit is a second IGBT tube;
the emitter of the second IGBT tube is connected with the second end of the first switch unit, the collector of the second IGBT tube is connected with the first input end of the step-up and step-down circuit, and the gate of the second IGBT tube is connected with the second end of the control unit.
4. The reverse-connection prevention circuit according to claim 1, wherein the pre-charge resistor is a PTC thermistor.
5. The anti-reverse connection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a voltage detection unit;
the first end of the voltage detection unit is connected with the first input end of the boost-buck circuit, the second end of the voltage detection unit is connected with the second input end of the boost-buck circuit, the third end of the voltage detection unit is connected with the fifth end of the control unit, the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the voltage between the first input end of the boost-buck circuit and the second input end of the boost-buck circuit and outputting the voltage to the control unit, and the control unit is used for outputting the first control signal to the first switch unit and outputting the second control signal to the second switch unit according to the voltage.
6. The anti-reverse connection circuit according to claim 5, wherein the control unit is configured to output the first control signal to the first switch unit and output the second control signal to the second switch unit when the voltage is within a preset range, and the preset range is:
Vb-5≤V≤Vb+5；
wherein Vb is the voltage of the battery and V is the voltage.
7. Anti-reverse connection circuit according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the buck-boost circuit further comprises an inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the inductor is connected between the first input end of the buck-boost circuit and the buck switch unit in series;
the first capacitor is connected in series between a first input end of the buck-boost circuit and a second input end of the buck-boost circuit, and the second capacitor is connected in series between a first output end of the buck-boost circuit and a second output end of the buck-boost circuit.
8. The reverse connection prevention circuit according to claim 7, wherein the buck switch unit is a third IGBT tube, and the boost switch unit is a fourth IGBT tube;
an emitter of the third IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the inductor, and a collector of the third IGBT tube is connected with the first output end of the buck-boost circuit; and the collector of the fourth IGBT tube is connected with the first end of the inductor, and the emitter of the fourth IGBT tube is connected with the second input end of the buck-boost circuit.
9. An energy storage inverter, characterized by comprising an anti-reverse connection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110745950.7A CN113437775A (en) | 2021-07-01 | 2021-07-01 | Reverse connection preventing circuit and energy storage inverter |
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| CN202110745950.7A CN113437775A (en) | 2021-07-01 | 2021-07-01 | Reverse connection preventing circuit and energy storage inverter |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117543951A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-02-09 | 上海水木蓝鲸半导体技术有限公司 | Buck-boost circuit, short circuit detection method and converter |
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Address after: 518000 19th floor, building 1, kaidar group center building, No. 168, Tongsha Road, Xinwei community, Xili street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Applicant after: Shenzhen Delian Minghai New Energy Co.,Ltd. Address before: 701-3, building 2, kaidar group center building, 168 Tongsha Road, Xili street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: Shenzhen Poweroak Newener Co.,Ltd. |
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