CN112086290B - Flexible extensible supercapacitor array based on mechanical buckling principle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flexible extensible supercapacitor array based on mechanical buckling principle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112086290B CN112086290B CN202010954543.2A CN202010954543A CN112086290B CN 112086290 B CN112086290 B CN 112086290B CN 202010954543 A CN202010954543 A CN 202010954543A CN 112086290 B CN112086290 B CN 112086290B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/10—Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules
- H01G11/12—Stacked hybrid or EDL capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
The invention provides a flexible extensible supercapacitor array based on a mechanical buckling principle and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flexible extensible supercapacitor array comprises the following steps: the device comprises a flexible substrate of a silicone film, a plurality of rigid substrates which are fixed on the flexible substrate of the silicone film and form a dispersion array, a laser-induced graphene foam electrode array of an interdigital structure which is fixed on the rigid substrate, and a silicone film packaging layer which covers the surface of the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array of the interdigital structure. The flexible extension of the energy storage device can be realized, and the regulation and control of the output voltage and current of the energy storage device can also be realized through the regulation and control (series connection or parallel connection) of the connection mode of the interdigital electrodes, so that the application range and the field of the super capacitor array are greatly expanded; in the same space structure, the transition metal phosphide ultrathin nanosheets and the graphene are used for energy storage in a synergistic manner, so that the purpose of effectively improving the energy density of the supercapacitor on the premise of not sacrificing the cycle life and the power density of the supercapacitor is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, and particularly relates to a flexible extensible supercapacitor array based on a mechanical buckling principle and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The rapid development of portable, wearable, implantable electronic devices has greatly fueled the need in modern society for flexible, malleable electrochemical energy storage devices and their integrated microsystems. Due to the unique structure of the planar interdigital electrode, the planar micro supercapacitor has the characteristics of no need of a diaphragm, unlimited approaching (usually tens to hundreds of micrometers) electrode spacing, difficult short circuit under bending and twisting conditions, easy direct integration with other electronic devices on a flexible substrate and the like, and has become one of research hotspots in the field of flexible energy storage devices.
However, the planar micro-supercapacitor suffers from the disadvantages of low energy density and limited extensibility due to limited electrode area, low specific capacitance of the conventional carbon-based electrode active material and small electrode thickness (bending strain is proportional to the thickness of the material) caused by the requirement of flexibility, and thus the practical application of the planar micro-supercapacitor is seriously hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a flexible extensible supercapacitor array based on the mechanical buckling principle and a preparation method thereof. The flexible extension of the energy storage device can be realized, and the regulation and control of the output voltage and current of the energy storage device can also be realized through the regulation and control (series connection or parallel connection) of the connection mode of the interdigital electrodes, so that the application range and the field of the super capacitor array are greatly expanded; in the same space structure, the transition metal phosphide ultrathin nanosheets and the graphene are used for energy storage in a synergistic manner, so that the purpose of effectively improving the energy density of the supercapacitor on the premise of not sacrificing the cycle life and the power density of the supercapacitor is achieved.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a flexible and extensible supercapacitor array based on a mechanical buckling principle, comprising: the device comprises a flexible substrate of a silicone film, a plurality of rigid substrates which are fixed on the flexible substrate of the silicone film and form a dispersion array, a laser-induced graphene foam electrode array of an interdigital structure which is fixed on the rigid substrate, and a silicone film packaging layer which covers the surface of the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array of the interdigital structure.
Preferably, the rigid substrate is made of SiO2Or Si.
Preferably, the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array with the interdigital structure comprises energy storage sheet units fixed on a rigid substrate and a serpentine wire connected with the energy storage sheet units; the electrode sheet unit is composed of: the composite electrode is formed by coupling the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets with laser-induced graphene foam and a solid electrolyte; the serpentine wire is made of laser-induced graphene foam.
Preferably, the serpentine lead enables the energy storage sheet units to be connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel.
Preferably, the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets are one or more of zinc, manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron and copper phosphide nanosheets; the solid electrolyte is PVA/KCl, PVA/KOH or PVA/H2SO4、PVA/H3PO4One or more of PVA/LiCl and PVA/LiOH; the flexible substrate of the silicone resin film is made of polydimethylsiloxane and copolyester.
Preferably, the thickness of the flexible substrate of the silicone film is 100 μm; the thickness of the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array with the interdigital structure is 100 micrometers; the length of the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheet is 100nm, and the thickness of the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheet is 4 nm; the thickness of the solid electrolyte is 10 μm; the rigid substrate has dimensions of 1 cm by 0.05 cm.
And the preparation method of the flexible extensible supercapacitor array based on the mechanical buckling principle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: preparing a silicon resin film flexible substrate by using a spin coating technology;
step S2: fixing a plurality of rigid substrates on the silicon resin film flexible substrate in a dispersed array arrangement by using a double-sided adhesive tape;
step S3: adhering a polyimide film to a substrate, and reducing the polyimide film by using a carbon dioxide laser to form a laser-induced graphene foam electrode array with an interdigital structure; the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array with the interdigital structure comprises an energy storage sheet structure fixed on a rigid substrate and a snake-shaped lead connected with an energy storage sheet unit;
step S4: preparing transition metal oxide ultrathin nanosheets by a hydrothermal method, converting the transition metal oxide ultrathin nanosheets into transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets by high-temperature reduction, and then depositing the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets on an energy storage sheet structure by a spraying method and a mask plate to form a composite electrode with the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets coupled with laser-induced graphene foam;
step S5: depositing a solid electrolyte on the composite electrode coupled with the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheet and the laser-induced graphene foam;
step S6: and forming a silicon resin film packaging layer on the surface of the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array of the interdigital structure by a spin coating technology.
Preferably, the rigid substrate is made of SiO2Or Si; the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets are one or more of zinc, manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron and copper phosphide nanosheets; the solid electrolyte is PVA/KCl, PVA/KOH or PVA/H2SO4、PVA/H3PO4One or more of PVA/LiCl and PVA/LiOH; the flexible substrate of the silicone resin film is made of polydimethylsiloxane and copolyester.
Preferably, the serpentine wire enables the energy storage sheet structures to be connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel.
Compared with the prior art, the flexible expansion of the energy storage device can be realized, and the regulation and control of the output voltage and current of the energy storage device can also be realized through the regulation and control (series connection or parallel connection) of the connection mode of the interdigital electrodes, so that the application range and the field of the super capacitor array are greatly expanded; in the same space structure, the transition metal phosphide ultrathin nanosheets and the graphene are used for energy storage in a synergistic manner, so that the purpose of effectively improving the energy density of the supercapacitor on the premise of not sacrificing the cycle life and the power density of the supercapacitor is achieved. The preparation method for realizing the flexibility and extensibility of the inorganic micro-nano electronic device by utilizing the mechanical buckling principle has the advantages of strong universality, convenience in integration, easiness in popularization, low manufacturing cost, simplicity in operation and the like, can effectively solve the problems that the traditional energy supply device is not suitable for wearing, poor in endurance, frequent in recovery and the like, promotes the application and development of wearable electronic equipment, and has wide application prospects in the fields of electronic skin, wearable physiological monitoring and treatment devices, flexible conductive fabrics, thin-film transistors, transparent thin-film flexible gate circuits and the like.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible substrate after being processed in step 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the addition of SiO to a flexible substrate after step 2 of the present invention2The structure of the/Si rigid substrate is shown schematically;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of step 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention after step 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of step 5 processing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of step 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing of a tensile test according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a performance test according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail as follows:
the embodiment explains the scheme in detail through the preparation process of the flexible extensible supercapacitor array based on the mechanical buckling principle:
as shown in fig. 1, step S1 is first the preparation of a flexible substrate of silicone film. This example uses a spin coating method to prepare a silicone film on a clean petri dish, and after heating and curing, a flexible, extensible and stretchable silicone film 1 is obtained as a flexible substrate. The silicone resin can be Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and copolyester (Ecoflex) with a thickness of 100 μm.
As shown in FIG. 2, step S2 is to fix the SiO dispersed in an array on the flexible substrate of silicone film by using double-sided adhesive tape2A/Si rigid substrate 2, an isolated flexible stretchable substrate and an interdigital electrode energy storage unitThe inter-strain and stress can protect the interdigital electrode. In this embodiment, 3M VHB tape may be used as the double-sided tape, and the rigid substrate 2 has a size of 1 cm by 0.05 cm.
As shown in fig. 3, step S3 is to paste a PI (polyimide film) film on a substrate, and reduce the PI film with a carbon dioxide laser to prepare a laser-induced graphene foam electrode array 3 with an interdigital structure, wherein the thickness of the electrode array is 100 μm, and the morphology of the electrode array is realized by a laser direct writing technology controlled by a computer; the Laser Induced Graphene (LIG) foam electrode array with the interdigital structure comprises an energy storage sheet structure 4 fixed on a rigid substrate and a snake-shaped lead connected with an energy storage sheet unit. The serpentine wire is made of laser-induced graphene foam, the serpentine wire is not in close contact with the flexible stretchable substrate, and the flexible stretchability of the whole interdigital electrode array is obtained by utilizing the stretching deformation of the serpentine wire. The interdigital electrode array can realize series connection and parallel connection or combined series-parallel connection in a mixed connection mode by using the snake-shaped conducting wire, so that the output voltage and current of the interdigital electrode array can be regulated and controlled.
The power of the carbon dioxide laser used in this example was 3.4W.
As shown in fig. 4, in step S4, by using a mask plate and a spraying technique, the thin transition metal phosphide nanosheets (with a length of about 100nm and a thickness of about 4 nm) prepared by a hydrothermal method in combination with a high-temperature reduction method are coupled with LIG on the energy storage chip structure 4 to form a composite electrode material, and the serpentine wire is kept from acting on the thin transition metal phosphide nanosheets. Thereby achieving the purpose of improving the energy storage density. The transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets are one or more of zinc, manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron and copper phosphide nanosheets.
As shown in fig. 5, step S5 is to deposit the solid electrolyte 5 on the energy storage sheet structure 4. Adding certain amount of KCl, KOH and H2SO4、H3PO4LiCl or LiOH, deionized water and PVA powder and heating to 90 deg.CοC is incubated for 30 minutes and then deposited on the energy storage sheet structure 4 to a thickness of 10 μm.
As shown in fig. 6, step S6 is the packaging of the supercapacitor array. And (3) adopting a spin coating technology, and utilizing silicon resin to realize the packaging of the supercapacitor array, so that a silicon resin film packaging layer 6 is formed on the surface of the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array with the interdigital structure, and the thickness of the silicon resin film packaging layer is also 100 micrometers.
As shown in fig. 7, is an electronic photograph of the stretching process of the flexible extensible supercapacitor array prepared by the embodiment. The elongation of the flexible extensible supercapacitor arrays assembled in series (top half) and in parallel (bottom half) is as high as 100%.
Fig. 8 shows the output performance of the flexible malleable supercapacitor array prepared by the embodiment in series and parallel conditions. As shown in fig. 8, the output voltage of the series-assembled flexible malleable supercapacitor array is up to 2.4V (4 times that of a single interdigitated electrode capacitor); the output current of the flexible extensible supercapacitor array assembled in parallel is 4 times that of a single interdigital electrode capacitor; and the capacitive properties of the flexible malleable supercapacitor arrays, whether assembled in series or in parallel, remain nearly unchanged during the stretching process. Secondly, through the scheme of the embodiment, the efficient parallel assembly of 20 interdigital electrode capacitors is realized, and the capacitance of the system is almost in direct proportion to the number of the assembled capacitors. The output voltage and current are highly adjustable, and the application range and the field of the super capacitor can be greatly improved.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and other flexible and extensible supercapacitor arrays based on the principle of mechanical buckling and methods for making the same can be obtained by anyone who has the benefit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a flexible extensible supercapacitor array based on a mechanical buckling principle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: preparing a silicon resin film flexible substrate by using a spin coating technology;
step S2: fixing a plurality of rigid substrates on the silicon resin film flexible substrate in a dispersed array arrangement by using a double-sided adhesive tape;
step S3: adhering a polyimide film to a substrate, and reducing the polyimide film by using a carbon dioxide laser to form a laser-induced graphene foam electrode array with an interdigital structure; the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array with the interdigital structure comprises an energy storage sheet structure fixed on a rigid substrate and a snake-shaped lead connected with an energy storage sheet unit;
step S4: preparing transition metal oxide ultrathin nanosheets by a hydrothermal method, converting the transition metal oxide ultrathin nanosheets into transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets by high-temperature reduction, and then depositing the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets on an energy storage sheet structure by a spraying method and a mask plate to form a composite electrode with the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets coupled with laser-induced graphene foam;
step S5: depositing a solid electrolyte on the composite electrode coupled with the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheet and the laser-induced graphene foam;
step S6: and forming a silicon resin film packaging layer on the surface of the laser-induced graphene foam electrode array of the interdigital structure by a spin coating technology.
2. The method for preparing the flexible and extensible supercapacitor array based on the mechanical buckling principle according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rigid substrate is made of SiO2Or Si; the transition metal phosphide thin nanosheets are one or more of zinc, manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron and copper phosphide nanosheets; the solid electrolyte is PVA/KCl, PVA/KOH or PVA/H2SO4、PVA/H3PO4One or more of PVA/LiCl and PVA/LiOH; the flexible substrate of the silicone resin film is made of polydimethylsiloxane and copolyester.
3. The method for preparing the flexible and extensible supercapacitor array based on the mechanical buckling principle according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the snakelike conducting wire enables the energy storage sheet structures to form series connection or parallel connection or series-parallel connection.
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| CN113091811A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 电子科技大学 | Flexible temperature and pressure integrated sensor and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114940759B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-26 | 天津众泰材料科技有限公司 | Fluorine-containing polyimide film, preparation method thereof and supercapacitor |
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| CN110085445A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-02 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of flexible super capacitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN110739879A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-31 | 浙江大学 | -body type flexible self-charging power supply for collecting agricultural environment energy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110980673A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 湖北大学 | Metal phosphide, preparation method thereof and application thereof in super capacitor |
| CN111211002A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-05-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for preparing integrated planar super capacitor on polymer substrate |
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| CN110085445A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-02 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of flexible super capacitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN111211002A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-05-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for preparing integrated planar super capacitor on polymer substrate |
| CN110739879A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-31 | 浙江大学 | -body type flexible self-charging power supply for collecting agricultural environment energy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110980673A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 湖北大学 | Metal phosphide, preparation method thereof and application thereof in super capacitor |
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