CN111277160A - Six-switch power decoupling circuit and control method thereof - Google Patents

Six-switch power decoupling circuit and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111277160A
CN111277160A CN201911256571.0A CN201911256571A CN111277160A CN 111277160 A CN111277160 A CN 111277160A CN 201911256571 A CN201911256571 A CN 201911256571A CN 111277160 A CN111277160 A CN 111277160A
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China
Prior art keywords
switch
switch tube
tube
diode
capacitor
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Inventor
章勇高
付伟东
刘鹏
常玉
严胜
樊越
迮思源
柴成凯
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East China Jiaotong University
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East China Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
    • H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation

Abstract

The invention discloses a six-switch power decoupling circuit and a control method thereof, wherein the six-switch power decoupling circuit comprises the following steps: six switch tubes S1‑S6Six diodes D1‑D6Two capacitors Cd1、Cd2And an inductance Ld；S1‑S6Are each independently of D1‑D6Antiparallel, S1Emitter and S2Forming a first branch, S3Emitter and S4Are connected in series with Cd1Form a second branch, S5Emitter and S6Are connected in parallel and in series with Cd2A third branch is formed, and the three branches are connected in parallel at the same time; inductor LdAnd S1The collector of (a) is connected to the micro-inverter ac output side. The invention is based on the micro-inversionThe alternating current output side of the transformer is connected with a power decoupling circuit, so that energy buffering is born, the coupling capacitance value is greatly reduced, the secondary disturbance power is reduced, and the performance and the service life of the micro inverter are improved. The six-switch power coupling circuit is controlled by adopting a pulse modulation technology PEM, and the six-switch power coupling circuit has the characteristics of simple structure and convenience in control.

Description

Six-switch power decoupling circuit and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of micro-inversion, in particular to a six-switch power decoupling circuit and a control method thereof.
Background
Micro-inverters have many advantages, such as high power generation, easy expansion, low cost, hot swapping and modular design, which make them increasingly the mainstream of distributed power generation systems. However, in the distributed power generation system, the input power generated by the photovoltaic module is constant under the control of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), but the power entering the power grid is power pulsation of twice power frequency, and the instantaneous values of the two are not consistent. Thus, in conventional micro-inverters, the instantaneous input and output power is balanced by electrolytic capacitors, but this also results in electrolytic capacitor lifetimes that are much smaller than other components in the circuit. Therefore, the research on the micro-inverter without the electrolytic capacitor becomes a way to improve the performance and the service life of the micro-inverter, and researchers at home and abroad are developing the research one after another.
The micro inverter technology without electrolytic capacitor is to realize energy buffering by connecting a power decoupling circuit in parallel in the micro inverter, wherein the power decoupling circuit is composed of a power switch and a passive device. There are three types of power decoupling circuits classified by access point: a direct current input side type, a DC-link (direct current support capacitor) intermediate side type, and an alternating current output side type.
The direct-current input side type power coupling circuit is generally suitable for a single-stage grid-connected micro-inverter. In a flyback single-stage micro-inverter proposed by professor Shimizu of Tokyo university, Japan, and the like, after a power decoupling circuit is adopted, the 100W micro-inverter only needs a 40uF film capacitor, but the conversion efficiency is very low and is only 70%. Professor b.j.pierquet, university of washington, usa, proposes a two-stage micro-inverter structure, in which a power decoupling circuit is connected in series between a photovoltaic array and a micro-inverter, respectively controlling energy storage and voltage fluctuation, avoiding the use of electrolytic capacitors, while maintaining the reactive transmission of the micro-inverter. However, although the circuit structure of this type is simple, the power decoupling control of the system is complex, the MPPT and the island detection operation are also difficult, the system efficiency is reduced, the step-up ratio of the system is low, the photovoltaic dc output voltage is high, and the decoupling capacitance value is still large.
In the multi-stage micro inverter, because the intermediate direct-current side voltage is higher, a DC-link intermediate side type power decoupling technology is adopted. G.A.J.Amaratunga et al of Cambridge university in England propose a three-level structure micro photovoltaic grid-connected micro inverter. The micro inverter consists of a phase-shifted full-bridge circuit, a Buck circuit and a full-bridge micro inverter. The phase-shifted full-bridge circuit realizes the functions of boosting and MPPT, the Buck circuit generates sine half-wave current, and the last stage circuit generates sine injection current. In order to reduce the decoupling capacitance value, the voltage fluctuation on the direct current side is large and the considerable secondary power disturbance is still generated.
It can be seen that the problems of complex structure, inconvenient control, large decoupling capacitance value and large secondary power disturbance generally exist in the existing electrolytic capacitor-free micro inverter technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a six-switch power decoupling circuit and a control method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of complex structure, inconvenience in control, large decoupling capacitance value and large secondary power disturbance commonly existing in the existing electrolytic capacitor-free micro inverter technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a six-switch power decoupling circuit comprising: first switch tube S1A second switch tube S2A third switch tube S3And a fourth switching tube S4The fifth switch tube S5The sixth switching tube S6A first diode D1A second diode D2A third diode D3A fourth diode D4A fifth diode D5A sixth diode D6A first capacitor Cd1A second capacitor Cd2And an inductance Ld；
The first switch tube S1Collector electrode of (1), the third switching tube S3Collector and the fifth switching tube S5The collectors of the micro-inverters are connected with one end of the AC output side of the micro-inverter;
the first switch tube S1And the second switch tube S2The emitter of (3) is connected; the first switch tube S1And the first diode D1Reverse parallel connection; the second switch tube S2And a second diode D2Reverse parallel connection;
the third switch tube S3And the fourth switching tube S4The emitter of (3) is connected; the fourth switch tube S4Collector electrode of and the first capacitor Cd1Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; the third switch tube S3And the third diode D3Reverse parallel connection; the fourth switch tube S4And the fourth diode D4Reverse parallel connection;
the fifth switch tube S5The emitter of the six-switch tube is connected with the emitter of the six-switch tube; the collector of the six switching tubes is connected with the second capacitor Cd2One end of (a); the fifth switch tube S5And the fifth diode D5Reverse parallel connection; the sixth switching tube S6And the sixth diode D6Reverse parallel connection;
the second switch tube S2Collector electrode of, the first capacitor Cd1And the other end of the second capacitor Cd2And the other end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor LdIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the inductance LdThe other end of the second inverter is connected with the other end of the micro-inverter on the alternating current output side.
Optionally, the reverse parallel connection is that an emitter of the switching tube is connected with an anode of the diode, and a collector of the switching tube is connected with a cathode of the diode.
Optionally, the inductor LdThe other end of the micro-inverter is connected with the common ground end of the micro-inverter alternating current output side and the power grid voltage.
Optionally, the first capacitor Cd1 and the second capacitor Cd2 are both decoupling capacitors.
A method of controlling a six-switch power decoupling circuit, the six-switch power decoupling circuit comprising: first switch tube S1A second switch tube S2A third switch tube S3And a fourth switching tube S4The fifth switch tube S5The sixth switching tube S6A first diode D1A second diode D2A third diode D3A fourth diode D4A fifth diode D5A sixth diode D6A first capacitor Cd1A second capacitor Cd2And an inductance Ld(ii) a The first switch tube S1Collector electrode of (1), the third switching tube S3Collector and the fifth switching tube S5The collectors of the micro-inverters are connected with one end of the AC output side of the micro-inverter; the first switch tube S1And the second switch tube S2The emitter of (3) is connected; the first switch tube S1And the first diode D1Reverse parallel connection; the second switch tube S2And a second diode D2Reverse parallel connection; the third switch tube S3And the fourth switching tube S4The emitter of (3) is connected; the fourth switch tube S4Collector electrode of and the first capacitor Cd1Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; the third switch tube S3And the third diode D3Reverse parallel connection; the fourth switch tube S4And the fourth diode D4Reverse parallel connection; the fifth switch tube S5The emitter of the six-switch tube is connected with the emitter of the six-switch tube; the collector of the six switching tubes is connected with the second capacitor Cd2One end of (a); the fifth switch tube S5And the fifth diode D5Reverse parallel connection(ii) a The sixth switching tube S6And the sixth diode D6Reverse parallel connection; the second switch tube S2Collector electrode of, the first capacitor Cd1And the other end of the second capacitor Cd2And the other end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor LdIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the inductance LdThe other end of the micro-inverter is connected with the other end of the AC output side of the micro-inverter;
the control method comprises the following steps:
acquiring output voltage of the micro-inverter alternating current output side and decoupling current of the six-switch power decoupling circuit;
judging whether the output voltage of the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is greater than 0 or not, and obtaining a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result is that the output voltage at the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is greater than 0, judging whether the decoupling current is in the same direction as the output voltage, and obtaining a second judgment result;
if the second judgment result is that the decoupling current and the output voltage are in the same direction, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a first working mode to absorb energy;
if the second judgment result is that the decoupling current is opposite to the output voltage, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a second working mode to release energy;
if the first judgment result is that the output voltage at the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is less than 0, judging whether the decoupling current is in the same direction as the output voltage, and obtaining a third judgment result;
if the third judgment result is that the decoupling current and the output voltage are in the same direction, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a third working mode to absorb energy;
and if the third judgment result is that the decoupling current is opposite to the output voltage, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a fourth working mode to release energy.
Optionally, the controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a first working mode to absorb energy specifically includes:
controlling the second switch tube S2The fourth switch tube S4The fifth switch tube S5And the sixth switching tube S6Are all disconnected, the third switch tube S3Is conducted, the first switch tube S1As a master switch, is controlled by a pulse energy modulation PEM signal; at this time, the first capacitor Cd1Energy is absorbed.
Optionally, the controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a second working mode to absorb energy specifically includes:
controlling the first switch tube S1The third switch tube S3The fifth switch tube S5And the sixth switching tube S6Are all off, the second switch tube S2On, the fourth switching tube S4As a master switch, controlled by PEM signals; at this time, the first capacitor Cd1Energy is released.
Optionally, the controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a third working mode to absorb energy specifically includes: the first switch tube S1The third switch tube S3The fourth switch tube S4And the fifth switch tube S5Are all disconnected, the sixth switching tube S6On, the second switch tube S2As a master switch, controlled by PEM signals; at this time, the second capacitor Cd2Energy is absorbed.
Optionally, the controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a fourth working mode to absorb energy specifically includes: the second switch tube S2The third switch tube S3The fourth switch tube S4And the sixth switching tube S6Are all disconnected, the first switch tube S1Is conducted, the fifth switch tube S5As a master switch, controlled by PEM signals; at this time, the second capacitor Cd2Energy is released.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a six-switch power decoupling circuit and a control method thereof, wherein the six-switch power decoupling circuit comprises the following steps: six switch tubes S1-S6Six diodes D1-D6Two capacitors Cd1、Cd2And an inductance Ld；S1-S6Are each independently of D1-D6Antiparallel, S1Emitter and S2Forming a first branch, S3Emitter and S4Are connected in series with Cd1Form a second branch, S5Emitter and S6Are connected in parallel and in series with Cd2A third branch is formed, and the three branches are connected in parallel at the same time; inductor LdAnd S1The collector of (a) is connected to the micro-inverter ac output side. According to the invention, the power decoupling circuit is connected to the alternating current output side of the micro inverter, so that energy buffering is born, the coupling capacitance value is greatly reduced, the secondary disturbance power is reduced, and the performance and the service life of the micro inverter are improved. The six-switch power coupling circuit is controlled by adopting a pulse modulation technology PEM, and the six-switch power coupling circuit has the characteristics of simple structure and convenience in control.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a six-switch power decoupling circuit provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic capacitor-free micro-inverter structure and power relationship of a six-switch power decoupling circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the input power (P) in the micro-inverter according to the present inventionI) Output power (P)o) And decoupling power (P)c) Schematic diagram of the relationship between;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sequence of operation modes of the coupling circuit in a grid cycle according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of four operating modes of the power decoupling circuit provided by the present invention; fig. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of a first operating mode of the power decoupling circuit, and fig. 5(B) is a schematic diagram of a second operating mode of the power decoupling circuit; fig. 5(C) is a schematic diagram of a third operating mode of the power decoupling circuit, and fig. 5(D) is a schematic diagram of a fourth operating mode of the power decoupling circuit;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the present invention operating in a first operating mode; fig. 6(a) is a schematic diagram of a main control switch on-off control and current circulation path, and fig. 6(b) is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a six-switch power decoupling circuit in a first working mode;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the present invention operating in a second operating mode; fig. 7(a) is a schematic diagram of a main control switch on-off control and current circulation path, and fig. 7(b) is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a six-switch power decoupling circuit operating in a second operating mode;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the present invention operating in a third operating mode; fig. 8(a) is a schematic diagram of a main control switch on-off control and current circulation path, and fig. 8(b) is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a six-switch power decoupling circuit operating in a third operating mode;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a six-switch power decoupling circuit provided in the present invention operating in a fourth operating mode; fig. 9(a) is a schematic diagram of a main control switch on-off control and current circulation path, and fig. 9(b) is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a six-switch power decoupling circuit operating in a fourth operating mode;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an MATLAB simulation model of a control circuit of six switching tubes according to the present invention; NOT is a NOT gate, AND is an AND gate, OR is an OR gate, borolean is a Matlab function for converting numerical values into Boolean values, AND T1-T6 are driving signals of six corresponding switching tubes;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of an MATLAB simulation of PEM signal generation circuitry provided by the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an MATLAB simulation diagram of a power decoupling circuit composed of six switching tubes provided by the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of driving signals of a switching tube of a six-switch decoupling circuit provided in the present invention; FIG. 13(a) shows a decoupling circuit S1S2A drive signal, and (b) a decoupling circuit S3S4A drive signal, and (c) a decoupling circuit S5S6A drive signal.
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of waveforms associated with a micro-inverter according to the present invention without a six-switch power decoupling circuit;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of waveforms associated with a six-switch power decoupling circuit in accordance with the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a six-switch power decoupling circuit and a control method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of complex structure, inconvenience in control, large decoupling capacitance value and large secondary power disturbance commonly existing in the existing electrolytic capacitor-free micro inverter technology.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a six-switch power decoupling circuit provided in the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the six-switch power decoupling circuit includes: first switch tube S1A second switch tube S2A third switch tube S3And a fourth switching tube S4The fifth switch tube S5The sixth switching tube S6A first diode D1A second diode D2A third diode D3A fourth diode D4A fifth diode D5A sixth diode D6A first capacitor Cd1A second capacitor Cd2And an inductance Ld. Wherein S1-S6Are each independently of D1-D6Reverse parallel, switch tube S1Emitter and switch tube S2The emitting electrodes of the first and second switches are connected to form a first branch circuit3Emitter and switch tube S4Are connected in series with Cd1Forming a second branch, a switching tube S5Emitter and switch tube S6Are connected in parallel and in series with Cd2And a third branch is formed, and the three branches are connected in parallel at the same time. Inductor LdOne end of the inductor is connected with the common ground end of the AC output side of the micro inverter and the voltage of the power grid, and the inductor LdThe other end and a switch tube S2Collector electrode connection, switching tube S1The collector of (a) is connected to one end of the micro-inverter on the ac output side. The reverse parallel connection is that the emitting electrode of the switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the corresponding diode, and the collecting electrode of the switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the corresponding diode.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first switch tube S1Collector electrode of (1), the third switching tube S3Collector and the fifth switching tube S5The collectors of the micro-inverters are connected with one end of the AC output side of the micro-inverter; the first switch tube S1And the second switch tube S2The emitter of (3) is connected; the first switch tube S1And the first diode D1Reverse parallel connection; the second switch tube S2And a second diode D2Reverse parallel connection; the third switch tube S3And the fourth switching tube S4The emitter of (3) is connected; the fourth switch tube S4Collector electrode of and the first capacitor Cd1Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; the third switch tube S3And the third diode D3Reverse parallel connection; the fourth switch tube S4And the fourth diode D4Reverse parallel connection; the fifth switch tube S5The emitter of the six-switch tube is connected with the emitter of the six-switch tube; the collector of the six switching tubes is connected with the second capacitor Cd2One end of (a); the first mentionedFive switching tubes S5And the fifth diode D5Reverse parallel connection; the sixth switching tube S6And the sixth diode D6Reverse parallel connection; the second switch tube S2Collector electrode of, the first capacitor Cd1And the other end of the second capacitor Cd2And the other end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor LdIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the inductance LdThe other end of the second inverter is connected with the other end of the micro-inverter on the alternating current output side.
The inductance LdThe other end of the micro-inverter is connected with the common ground end of the micro-inverter alternating current output side and the power grid voltage.
The first capacitor Cd1 and the second capacitor Cd2 are decoupling capacitors.
Only when two switching tubes of the same branch are simultaneously disconnected, the branch is completely disconnected. The working mode of the circuit is changed by controlling the on-off of the switching tube, and energy buffering is realized.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure and a power relationship of a six-switch power decoupling circuit (power decoupling circuit for short) micro-inverter provided in the invention. As shown in fig. 2, the micro-inverter and the power decoupling circuit form a micro-inverter, the micro-inverter adopts a common structure, the power decoupling circuit part adopts the six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the invention, the power decoupling circuit is connected to the alternating current output side of the micro-inverter in parallel, and the inductor L and the capacitor C form a filter device. Wherein VdcIs a DC side voltage, IdcIs a direct side current, UinvIs the micro-inverter AC output side voltage vgridFor the mains voltage, igridFor injecting current, P, into the grid for micro-invertersIFor the input power of the DC side, PoIs the output power of the micro-inverter, PcIs the decoupling power of the power decoupling circuit.
Because the direct current side input power is inconsistent with the instantaneous output power of the micro-inverter, the traditional method adopts an electrolytic capacitor to balance the direct current side input power and the instantaneous output power of the micro-inverter, but the service life of the micro-inverter is greatly shortened. The three-phase six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the invention is adopted to replace an electrolytic capacitor, so that the stability and the service life of the micro inverter can be greatly improved.
FIG. 3 shows the input power (P) in the micro-inverterI) Output power (P)o) And decoupling power (P)c) The relationship between them. As shown in fig. 3, in a micro-inverter, a power decoupling circuit balances input power and instantaneous output power. The concrete points are as follows: when P is presentI<PoWhen is, Pc>0, the power decoupling circuit supplements the input power; when P is presentI>PoWhen is, Pc<0, the power decoupling circuit absorbs the excess input power. Input power P at DC sideIInstantaneous output power Po。
As shown in fig. 2, the micro-inverter outputs a voltage UinvThe positive and negative input voltages of the power decoupling circuit are positive and negative, and the positive and negative decoupling currents are positive and negative, so that the power decoupling circuit has four working modes:
mode 1 (i.e., the first operating mode): when U is turnedinv>When the voltage is 0, decoupling current and voltage are in the same direction, and the power decoupling circuit absorbs energy;
mode 2 (i.e., the second operating mode): when U is turnedinv>When the voltage is 0, decoupling current and voltage are in the opposite directions, and the power decoupling circuit releases energy;
mode 3 (i.e., the third operating mode): when U is turnedinv<When the voltage is 0, decoupling current and voltage are in the same direction, and the power decoupling circuit absorbs energy;
mode 4 (i.e., the fourth operating mode): when U is turnedinv<When the voltage is 0, the decoupling current and the voltage are in the opposite directions, and the power decoupling circuit releases energy.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the sequence of the operation modes of the coupling circuit in one grid cycle. As shown in fig. 4, mode 1 and mode 2 operate during the positive half-cycles of the grid voltage, and mode 3 and mode 4 operate during the negative half-cycles. One cycle may be divided into 6 portions, which are, in order, pattern 1 → pattern 2 → pattern 1 → pattern 3 → pattern 4 → pattern 3, and absorption and release of input power by the power decoupling circuit are, respectively, absorption → release → absorption.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of four operating modes of the power decoupling circuit. As shown in fig. 5, the power decoupling circuit realizes the power decoupling function through an inductor and a capacitor, the inductor is connected with the voltage and the current of the micro-inverter and the power decoupling circuit, and the capacitor absorbs and releases energy. The polarities of the two ends of the decoupling capacitor are fixed, if the power decoupling circuit absorbs energy, the voltage and the current are in the same direction, and the direction of the capacitor is also the same as that of the current; if the power decoupling circuit releases energy, the voltage and the current are reversed, and the direction of the capacitor is also opposite to the direction of the current. The positive voltage direction is assumed to be positive up and negative down, and the positive current direction is from left to right.
When U is turnedinv>When the voltage of the capacitor is 0, the power decoupling circuit absorbs energy, the voltage of the capacitor is increased, the direction of the voltage and the current is judged, and the power decoupling circuit can be equivalent to a Boost circuit as shown in a figure 5 (A); when U is turnedinv>When the voltage is 0, the power decoupling circuit releases energy, the voltage of the capacitor is reduced, the voltage and current directions are judged, and the power decoupling circuit can be equivalent to a Buck circuit as shown in a figure 5 (B); when U is turnedinv<When the voltage of the capacitor is 0, the power decoupling circuit absorbs energy, the voltage of the capacitor is increased, the direction of the voltage and the current is judged, and the power decoupling circuit can be equivalent to a Boost circuit as shown in a figure 5 (C); when U is turnedinv<When the voltage is 0, the power decoupling circuit releases energy, the voltage of the capacitor is reduced, the voltage and current directions are judged, and the power decoupling circuit can be equivalent to a Buck circuit as shown in a figure 5 (D).
Based on the six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the invention, the invention also provides a control method of the six-switch power decoupling circuit, and the control method comprises the following steps:
acquiring output voltage of the micro-inverter alternating current output side and decoupling current of the six-switch power decoupling circuit;
judging whether the output voltage of the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is greater than 0 or not, and obtaining a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result is that the output voltage at the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is greater than 0, judging whether the decoupling current is in the same direction as the output voltage, and obtaining a second judgment result;
if the second judgment result is that the decoupling current and the output voltage are in the same direction, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a first working mode to absorb energy;
if the second judgment result is that the decoupling current is opposite to the output voltage, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a second working mode to release energy;
if the first judgment result is that the output voltage at the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is less than 0, judging whether the decoupling current is in the same direction as the output voltage, and obtaining a third judgment result;
if the third judgment result is that the decoupling current and the output voltage are in the same direction, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a third working mode to absorb energy;
and if the third judgment result is that the decoupling current is opposite to the output voltage, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a fourth working mode to release energy.
Fig. 6 to 9 show the first operating Mode (Mode i) to the fourth operating Mode (Mode iv), where fig. 6 to 9(a) are schematic diagrams of the on/off control and the current flow path of the main control switch, and fig. (b) are schematic diagrams of the equivalent circuit. Wherein the output of the micro-inverter is used as an equivalent voltage source and U is usedinvRepresents, Uinv+Is the positive pole of an equivalent voltage source, Uinv-Is the negative pole of an equivalent voltage source, wherein PpvFor micro-inverter DC input side power, PacIs the output power of the AC side of the micro-inverter, Cd1+Representing coupling capacitance Cd1Positive electrode of (1), Cd1-Representing coupling capacitance Cd1The negative electrode of (1).
Specifically, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the present invention operating in the first operating mode. As shown in FIG. 6, in the first operating mode, Uinv>0, and Ppv>Pac，S2，S4，S5And S6Breaking, S3Always on, S1As a master switch, is controlled by the PEM signal. At this time, the capacitor C is decoupledd1Energy is absorbed and the voltage rises. S1When conducting, idThe circulation path is Uinv+→S1→D2→Ld→Uinv-，S1At disconnection, idThe circulation path is Uinv+→S3→D4→Cd1→Ld→Uinv-。
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the present invention operating in the second operating mode. As shown in FIG. 7, in this mode of operation, Uinv>0, and Ppv<Pac,S1，S3，S5And S6Breaking, S2Always on, S4As a master switch, is controlled by the PEM signal. At this time, the capacitor C is decoupledd1Energy is released and the voltage drops. S4When conducting, idFlow path Cd1+→S4→D3→Uinv→Ld→Cd1-，S4At disconnection, idThe circulation path is Uinv-→Ld→S2→D1→Uinv+. Wherein C isd1+Representing coupling capacitance Cd1Positive electrode of (1), Cd1-Representing coupling capacitance Cd1The negative electrode of (1).
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the six-switch power decoupling circuit operating in the third operating mode. As shown in fig. 8, the circuit is a buck-Boost circuit, and operates as a Boost. In this operating mode, Uinv<0, and Ppv>Pac,S1，S3，S4And S5Breaking, S6Always on, S2As a master switch, is controlled by the PEM signal. At this time, the capacitor C is decoupledd2Energy is absorbed and the voltage rises. S2When conducting, idThe circulation path is Uinv+→Ld→S2→D1→Uinv-，S2At disconnection, idFlow path Cd2-→S6→D5→Uinv→Ld→Cd2+. Wherein C isd2+Representing coupling capacitance Cd2Positive electrode of (1), Cd2-Representing coupling capacitance Cd2The negative electrode of (1).
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a six-switch power decoupling circuit provided by the present invention operating in a fourth operating mode. As shown in fig. 9, the circuit is a Buck-boost circuit, operating as Buck. The toolIn the operating mode, Uinv<0, and Ppv<Pac,S2，S3，S4And S6Breaking, S1Always on, S5As a master switch, is controlled by the PEM signal. At this time, the capacitor C is decoupledd2Energy is released and voltage rises. S5When conducting, idFlow path Cd2+→Ld→Uinv→S5→D6→Cd2-，S5At disconnection, idThe circulation path is Uinv-→S1→D2→Ld→Uinv+。
In each operating mode, only one switch is in On/Off state, namely the main control switch, the driving signal of the main control switch is generated by the PEM, and the states of the other switches are fixed. Master control switch S1、S2、S4、S5And S6To R1、R2And PEM control, which are logically related as shown in equation (1):
Figure BDA0002310428180000111
in the formula R1Indicating the sign of the grid voltage, R at positive half-cycles 10, negative half cycle R1R may be 11＝sgn(-uo) Represents; r2Representing the sign of decoupling power of the micro-inverter, the decoupling power being positive time R2When the decoupling power is negative R12R is 0, may be used2＝sgn[-Ppvcos(2ωt)]Where sgn is a sign function and ω is the angular frequency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a control circuit for controlling six switching tubes is established as shown in fig. 10, wherein an MATLAB simulation diagram of a PEM signal generating circuit is shown in fig. 11, and an MATLAB simulation diagram of a power decoupling circuit composed of six switching tubes is shown in fig. 12. Fig. 13 shows driving signals of a six-switch power decoupling circuit applied in an embodiment of the invention. Experiments are carried out on the basis of simulation, the main experimental circuit is a two-stage micro inverter, and the power supply is a 1500W voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply. The voltage-stabilizing large electrolytic capacitor of the front-stage Boost circuit in the two-stage micro inverter replaces a 10 muF film capacitor, an experimental waveform can be obtained when the decoupling capacitor is not connected as shown in fig. 14, the input voltage of the experimental Boost is 30V, secondary ripples with obvious jitter at two ends of the output film capacitor of the Boost circuit can be seen when the decoupling capacitor is not connected, the ripple amplitude of the secondary ripples is about 20V approximately, and the waveform can be seen to generate obvious distortion at the output side of an H bridge. The decoupling circuit is connected, the experimental effect that can be achieved is shown in fig. 15, the secondary ripple that has obvious jitter at two ends of the output measurement thin-film capacitor of the Boost circuit can be seen, the ripple amplitude of the secondary ripple is about 15V approximately, and the waveform can be seen to be obviously improved at the output side of the H-bridge. The decoupling circuit obviously plays a role in reducing the capacitance value of the capacitor on the Boost side.
The invention discloses a novel electrolytic capacitor-free micro inverter technology which is innovatively realized on a topological structure of a power coupling circuit. The inversion part adopts the traditional voltage source topology, and the power coupling circuit is connected in parallel to the alternating current output end of the micro inverter to replace an electrolytic capacitor to realize the power coupling function, thereby improving the efficiency of the micro inverter. Because the input power at the direct current side is constant, the alternating current output power is in sinusoidal variation, the instantaneous values of the input power and the alternating current output power are inconsistent, and the power coupling circuit plays a role of energy buffering, the micro-inverter circuit has the following advantages and innovations:
1. the power decoupling circuit is connected to the alternating current output side of the micro inverter in parallel, energy buffering is born, the coupling capacitance value is greatly reduced, the performance and the service life of the micro inverter are improved, and the micro inverter without electrolytic capacitor is realized.
2. The whole system is controlled in a closed loop mode by controlling the bus voltage UdcAnd bus current IdcThe duty ratio of a switching tube of the preceding stage Boost circuit is controlled at the measurement moment, and the power grid voltage U is measuredacMicro inverter AC side output voltage UinvAnd decoupling capacitor voltage UdThe duty ratio of the four-switch H bridge is controlled at the measuring moment, so that the voltage waveform of a power grid is controlled, and the secondary disturbance power is reduced.
3. The six-switch power decoupling circuit is connected in parallel to the alternating current output side of the micro inverter, and equivalently, the active power filter balances pulse energy, so that secondary disturbance power in the micro inverter is restrained, and the coupling capacitance value is greatly reduced by using high voltage on the alternating current side.
4. And the six-switch power coupling circuit is controlled in a DCM (discontinuous conduction mode) by adopting a pulse modulation technology PEM (pulse-modulated) technology, so that the structure is simple and the control is convenient.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A six-switch power decoupling circuit, comprising: first switch tube S1A second switch tube S2A third switch tube S3And a fourth switching tube S4The fifth switch tube S5The sixth switching tube S6A first diode D1A second diode D2A third diode D3A fourth diode D4A fifth diode D5A sixth diode D6A first capacitor Cd1A second capacitor Cd2And an inductance Ld；
The first switch tube S1Collector electrode of (1), the third switching tube S3Collector and the fifth switching tube S5The collectors of the micro-inverters are connected with one end of the AC output side of the micro-inverter;
the first switch tube S1And the second switch tube S2The emitter of (3) is connected; the first switch tube S1And the first diode D1Reverse parallel connection; the second switch tube S2And a second diode D2Reverse parallel connection;
the third switch tube S3And the fourth switching tube S4The emitter of (3) is connected; the fourth switch tube S4Collector electrode of and the first capacitor Cd1Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; the third switch tube S3And the third diode D3Reverse parallel connection; the fourth switch tube S4And the fourth diode D4Reverse parallel connection;
the fifth switch tube S5The emitter of the six-switch tube is connected with the emitter of the six-switch tube; the collector of the six switching tubes is connected with the second capacitor Cd2One end of (a); the fifth switch tube S5And the fifth diode D5Reverse parallel connection; the sixth switching tube S6And the sixth diode D6Reverse parallel connection;
the second switch tube S2Collector electrode of, the first capacitor Cd1And the other end of the second capacitor Cd2And the other end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor LdIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the inductance LdThe other end of the second inverter is connected with the other end of the micro-inverter on the alternating current output side.
2. The six-switch power decoupling circuit of claim 1 wherein the antiparallel connection is such that the emitter of the switch is connected to the anode of the diode and the collector of the switch is connected to the cathode of the diode.
3. The six-switch power decoupling circuit of claim 1, wherein the inductance LdThe other end of the micro-inverter is connected with the common ground end of the micro-inverter alternating current output side and the power grid voltage.
4. The six-switch power decoupling circuit of claim 1, wherein the first capacitance C isd1And a second capacitor Cd2Are all decoupling capacitors.
5. A control method of a six-switch power decoupling circuit is characterized in that the six-switch power decoupling circuit comprises the following steps: first switch tube S1A second switch tube S2A third switch tube S3And a fourth switching tube S4The fifth switch tube S5The sixth switching tube S6A first diode D1A second diode D2A third diode D3A fourth diode D4A fifth diode D5A sixth diode D6A first capacitor Cd1A second capacitor Cd2And an inductance Ld(ii) a The first switch tube S1Collector electrode of (1), the third switching tube S3Collector and the fifth switching tube S5The collectors of the micro-inverters are connected with one end of the AC output side of the micro-inverter; the first switch tube S1And the second switch tube S2The emitter of (3) is connected; the first switch tube S1And the first diode D1Reverse parallel connection; the second switch tube S2And a second diode D2Reverse parallel connection; the third switch tube S3And the fourth switching tube S4The emitter of (3) is connected; the fourth switch tube S4Collector electrode of and the first capacitor Cd1Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; the third switch tube S3And the third diode D3Reverse parallel connection; the fourth switch tube S4And the fourth diode D4Reverse parallel connection; the fifth switch tube S5The emitter of the six-switch tube is connected with the emitter of the six-switch tube; the collector of the six switching tubes is connected with the second capacitor Cd2One end of (a); the fifth switch tube S5And the fifth diode D5Reverse parallel connection; the sixth switching tube S6And the sixth diode D6Reverse parallel connection; the second switch tube S2Collector electrode of, the first capacitor Cd1And the other end of the second capacitor Cd2And the other end of the inductor L is connected with the inductor LdIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the inductance LdIs connected with the other end of the micro-inverterThe other end of the AC output side of the device;
the control method comprises the following steps:
acquiring output voltage of the micro-inverter alternating current output side and decoupling current of the six-switch power decoupling circuit;
judging whether the output voltage of the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is greater than 0 or not, and obtaining a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result is that the output voltage at the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is greater than 0, judging whether the decoupling current is in the same direction as the output voltage, and obtaining a second judgment result;
if the second judgment result is that the decoupling current and the output voltage are in the same direction, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a first working mode to absorb energy;
if the second judgment result is that the decoupling current is opposite to the output voltage, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a second working mode to release energy;
if the first judgment result is that the output voltage at the alternating current output side of the micro inverter is less than 0, judging whether the decoupling current is in the same direction as the output voltage, and obtaining a third judgment result;
if the third judgment result is that the decoupling current and the output voltage are in the same direction, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a third working mode to absorb energy;
and if the third judgment result is that the decoupling current is opposite to the output voltage, controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to work in a fourth working mode to release energy.
6. The method for controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit according to claim 5, wherein the controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to operate in the first operating mode to absorb energy specifically comprises:
controlling the second switch tube S2The fourth switch tube S4The fifth switch tube S5And the sixth switching tube S6Are all brokenOn, the third switch tube S3Is conducted, the first switch tube S1As a master switch, is controlled by a pulse energy modulation PEM signal; at this time, the first capacitor Cd1Energy is absorbed.
7. The method for controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit according to claim 5, wherein the controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to operate in the second operating mode to absorb energy specifically comprises:
controlling the first switch tube S1The third switch tube S3The fifth switch tube S5And the sixth switching tube S6Are all off, the second switch tube S2On, the fourth switching tube S4As a master switch, controlled by PEM signals; at this time, the first capacitor Cd1Energy is released.
8. The method for controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit according to claim 5, wherein the controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to operate in a third operating mode to absorb energy specifically comprises: the first switch tube S1The third switch tube S3The fourth switch tube S4And the fifth switch tube S5Are all disconnected, the sixth switching tube S6On, the second switch tube S2As a master switch, controlled by PEM signals; at this time, the second capacitor Cd2Energy is absorbed.
9. The method for controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit according to claim 5, wherein the controlling the six-switch power decoupling circuit to operate in a fourth operating mode to absorb energy specifically comprises: the second switch tube S2The third switch tube S3The fourth switch tube S4And the sixth switching tube S6Are all disconnected, the first switch tube S1Is conducted, the fifth switch tube S5As a master switch, controlled by PEM signals; at this time, the second capacitor Cd2Release energyAmount of the compound (A).
CN201911256571.0A 2019-12-10 2019-12-10 Six-switch power decoupling circuit and control method thereof Pending CN111277160A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113765144A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Photovoltaic circuit, control method, device, equipment and storage medium thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113765144A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Photovoltaic circuit, control method, device, equipment and storage medium thereof
CN113765144B (en) * 2021-09-18 2023-08-11 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Photovoltaic circuit, control method, device, equipment and storage medium thereof

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