CN110739717B - Intelligent photovoltaic module and application system thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent photovoltaic module and application system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
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- H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent photovoltaic assembly and an application system thereof.A control unit realizes the output of alternating current and MPPT control on a connected battery piece through at least one inversion unit in the intelligent photovoltaic assembly, and when the inversion unit finds that the connected battery piece has a fault or is shielded, the inversion unit can control the connected battery piece to turn off the output or perform the inversion output after boosting according to a corresponding electrical parameter signal; and then avoided a plurality of photovoltaic module to adopt when same contravariant unit realizes MPPT control and contravariant output, the whole way generated energy loss that above-mentioned problem leads to appears in individual photovoltaic module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an intelligent photovoltaic module and an application system thereof.
Background
The existing photovoltaic module is generally structured as shown in fig. 1, and the top layer of transparent glass 11, the middle layer of battery sheet 13, and the last layer of back sheet 15 are respectively bonded together by EVA hot melt adhesives (12 and 14 shown in fig. 1).
In grid-connected application, in the prior art, a photovoltaic array formed by a plurality of photovoltaic modules is generally connected to a direct current combiner box, the output of the direct current combiner box is incorporated into an inverter to realize the conversion from direct current to alternating current, and the alternating current output of the inverter is incorporated into a transformer (or is incorporated into the transformer through alternating current combiner firstly and then is connected with a power grid; the structure is shown in fig. 2. Furthermore, the inverter generally includes a plurality of inverter units, which are respectively connected to the plurality of dc combiner boxes, and are configured to implement MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control on the photovoltaic modules connected to the corresponding dc combiner boxes. When a certain inverter unit finds that the photovoltaic module is blocked and the illumination is uneven, the inverter unit can close the path or adopt a booster circuit to boost and then access the path.
However, in practical applications, for a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected to one inverter unit, it is often encountered that power generation of all the photovoltaic modules on the whole line is affected due to a problem occurring in one photovoltaic module, and thus power generation loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent photovoltaic module and an application system thereof, which aim to solve the problem of loss of the whole power generation amount caused by the problem of a single photovoltaic module in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the application is as follows:
an intelligent photovoltaic module comprising: the battery pack comprises N battery pieces and at least one inversion unit, wherein N is a positive integer; wherein:
the direct current side port of the inversion unit is connected with the output end of one battery piece or two ends of a plurality of battery pieces connected in series; the alternating current side port of the inversion unit is connected with the output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module and outputs alternating current;
the inverter unit is used for realizing MPPT control on the connected battery pieces and controlling the connected battery pieces to normally output, turn off the output or perform inverter output after boosting according to the electrical parameter signals of the connected battery pieces.
Preferably, when the number of the inverter units is N, the dc side ports of the N inverter units are respectively connected to the output ends of the N battery pieces in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
when the number of the inversion units is less than N, the direct current side port of the inversion unit is connected with the output end of one battery piece or two ends of a plurality of battery pieces connected in series.
Preferably, the inverter unit includes: the temperature control circuit comprises a direct current filter circuit, a semiconductor inverter module, an alternating current filter circuit, a diode, a temperature detection device and a control module; wherein:
the input end of the direct current filter circuit is a direct current side port of the inversion unit;
the output end of the direct current filter circuit is connected with the input end of the alternating current filter circuit through the semiconductor inverter module;
the output end of the alternating current filter circuit is an alternating current side port of the inversion unit;
the control module is respectively connected with the control end of the semiconductor inversion module, the acquisition end of the alternating current filter circuit, the temperature detection device and the diode, and is used for detecting according to the acquired temperature signal, voltage signal and current signal and controlling the semiconductor inversion module to work according to the detection result.
Preferably, the inverter unit is further configured to implement communication with the outside;
at this time, the inverter unit further includes: the communication module is used for realizing the communication between the control module and the outside; and the control module is further configured to: generating and outputting report information to the communication module according to the detection result, receiving an external control instruction and controlling the semiconductor inverter module to work according to the control instruction; and monitoring the performance parameters of the connected battery pieces, and generating and outputting statistical information to the communication module according to the performance parameters.
Preferably, the semiconductor inverter module includes: a DCDC conversion circuit and a DCAC conversion circuit;
the input end of the DCDC conversion circuit is the input end of the semiconductor inverter module;
the output end of the DCDC conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the DCAC conversion circuit;
the output end of the DCAC conversion circuit is the output end of the semiconductor inversion module.
Preferably, the semiconductor inverter module is an integrated chip, or a circuit composed of discrete devices and packaged separately.
Preferably, when the cell is a double-sided light receiving cell, the solar cell further includes: the two transparent cover plates are respectively arranged on two sides of all the battery plates, and the printed circuit board is used for arranging the inverter unit; the printed circuit board is packaged on the side edge of the intelligent photovoltaic assembly;
when the cell is a single-side light receiving cell, the solar cell further comprises: the transparent cover plate is arranged on the light receiving surface of all the battery pieces, and the back plate is arranged on the back surface of all the battery pieces; and all the inversion units are packaged on the back plate.
Preferably, when the number of the inverter units is greater than one, the method further includes: an AC bus circuit disposed on the printed circuit board or the back plate;
the alternating current confluence circuit is connected between an alternating current side port of the inversion unit and the output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module.
An application system of an intelligent photovoltaic module, comprising: a transformer and a plurality of intelligent photovoltaic modules as described in any of the above;
the output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module is connected with the input end of the transformer;
and the output end of the transformer is connected with a power grid.
According to the intelligent photovoltaic module, the output of alternating current and MPPT control on the connected battery pieces are realized through at least one internal inversion unit, and when the inversion unit finds that the connected battery pieces have faults or are shielded, the connected battery pieces can be controlled to be switched off and output or to be subjected to inversion output after being boosted according to corresponding electrical parameter signals; and then avoided a plurality of photovoltaic module to adopt when same contravariant unit realizes MPPT control and contravariant output, the whole way generated energy loss that above-mentioned problem leads to appears in individual photovoltaic module.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic module provided in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an application system of a photovoltaic module provided by the prior art;
fig. 3a to 3c are schematic diagrams of three circuit connections inside an intelligent photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an inversion unit in an intelligent photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5a to 5c are schematic diagrams of three structures of an intelligent photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an application system of an intelligent photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The invention provides an intelligent photovoltaic module, which aims to solve the problem of loss of the whole power generation amount caused by the problem of a single photovoltaic module in the prior art.
Referring to fig. 3a to 3c, the intelligent photovoltaic module includes: the battery pack comprises N battery pieces 101 and at least one inverter unit 102, wherein N is a positive integer; wherein:
a direct current side port of the inverter unit 102 is connected to an output end of one battery cell 101 or two ends of a plurality of battery cells 101 connected in series; an alternating current side port of the inversion unit 102 is connected with an output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module and outputs alternating current;
the inverter unit 102 is configured to implement MPPT control on the connected battery cells 101, and control the connected battery cells 101 to normally output, turn off the output, or perform inverter output after boosting according to the electrical parameter signal of the connected battery cells 101.
As shown in fig. 3a, if the number of the inverter units 102 is N, the dc side ports of the N inverter units 102 are respectively connected to the output ends of the N battery slices 101 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, that is, each battery slice 101 is equipped with one inverter unit 102; in this state, the electrical parameters of each cell 101 can be monitored, the monitoring capability of the photovoltaic assembly is improved, and meanwhile, the power generation or the shutdown of each cell 101 can be accurately controlled; and MPPT control on each cell is realized, so that the generated energy of the intelligent photovoltaic module is ensured to the maximum extent, and the generated energy of the system is improved.
And when the number of the inverter units 102 is less than N, the dc side port of the inverter unit 102 is connected to the output end of one battery cell 101 or both ends of a plurality of battery cells 101 connected in series. For example, when the number of the inverter units 102 is N/2, each two battery slices 101 share one inverter unit 102, as shown in fig. 3 b. Alternatively, a plurality of battery cells 101 may correspond to one inverter unit 102, and are not shown. When the number of the inverter units 102 is 1, referring to fig. 3c, at this time, both ends of all the N battery pieces 101 connected in series are connected to a dc side port of the inverter unit 102, and the inverter unit 102 is responsible for monitoring and controlling the entire intelligent photovoltaic module.
In practical applications, the value of N and the number of the inverter units 102 may be set according to specific situations, and are not specifically limited herein and are within the scope of the present application.
The specific working principle is as follows:
when the electrical parameter signal of the connected battery piece 101 is normal, the inverter unit 102 controls the connected battery piece 101 to normally output the alternating current.
When the inverter unit 102 judges that the corresponding battery piece 101 has hot spots according to the electrical parameter signal of the battery piece 101 connected with the inverter unit, the inverter unit controls the connected battery piece 101 to be switched off and output, and further effectively solves the problem that the generated energy of the whole assembly and even the whole string of assemblies is reduced due to the hot spots in the prior art.
When the inverter unit 102 judges that the corresponding battery piece 101 has a fault according to the electrical parameter signal of the battery piece 101 connected with the inverter unit, the inverter unit controls the connected battery piece 101 to be turned off and output in time, and therefore the problem that the generated energy of the whole assembly or even the whole string of assemblies is reduced due to the fault is solved. At this time, preferably, the inverter unit 102 further has a function of communicating with the outside, so that the fault information can be reported in time, and an operator can accurately locate a specific fault point, thereby facilitating maintenance.
When the inverter unit 102 judges that the corresponding battery piece 101 has a shielding voltage reduction condition according to the electrical parameter signal of the battery piece 101 connected with the inverter unit, the inverter unit controls the connected battery piece 101 to carry out voltage increase and then carries out inverter output, so that stable output of the power generation amount of the whole system is ensured.
According to the above, in the intelligent photovoltaic module provided by this embodiment, the output of the alternating current and the MPPT control on the connected battery pieces 101 are realized through the at least one internal inverter unit 102, and when the inverter unit 102 finds that the connected battery pieces 101 have a fault or are shielded, the connected battery pieces 101 can be controlled to turn off the output or perform the inverter output after boosting according to the corresponding electrical parameter signal; therefore, when multiple photovoltaic modules adopt the same inverter unit 102 to realize MPPT control and inverter output, the loss of the whole-circuit power generation amount caused by the problem of the individual photovoltaic modules is avoided, and the power generation amount of the system is greatly improved.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a specific intelligent photovoltaic module, based on the above embodiment and fig. 3a to 3c, preferably, referring to fig. 4, the inverter unit 102 includes: a direct current filter circuit 201, a semiconductor inverter module 202, an alternating current filter circuit 203, a diode 204, a temperature detection device 205 and a control module 206; wherein:
the input end of the dc filter circuit 201 is a dc side port of the inverter unit 102;
the output end of the direct current filter circuit 201 is connected with the input end of the alternating current filter circuit 203 through the semiconductor inverter module 202;
the output end of the ac filter circuit 203 is an ac side port of the inverter unit 102;
the control module 206 is respectively connected with the control end of the semiconductor inverter module 202, the acquisition end of the alternating current filter circuit 203, the temperature detection device 205 and the diode 204, and is used for detecting according to the acquired temperature signal, voltage signal and current signal and controlling the semiconductor inverter module 202 to work according to the detection result;
the diode 204 is mainly used for connecting other battery slices 101 when the output of the corresponding battery slice 101 is turned off, so that the whole output is ensured; the connection relationship may depend on the specific application environment, and is not specifically limited herein, and is within the scope of the present application.
In practical applications, the temperature detecting device 205 may be a thermistor, and is not limited thereto, depending on the specific application environment. Moreover, for the implementation of the topology function, the inverter unit 102 should further include another functional device 207 connected to the control module 206, which is not specifically limited herein depending on the specific circuit and is within the protection scope of the present application.
Preferably, the inverter unit 102 further includes: a communication module 208, configured to implement communication between the control module 206 and the outside through a wireless communication technology or a wired communication technology;
and the control module 206 is further configured to: generating and outputting report information to the communication module 208 according to the detection result, receiving an external control instruction, and controlling the semiconductor inverter module 202 to work according to the control instruction;
in addition, the control module 206 can also accurately monitor the connected battery cells 101, obtain the performance parameters thereof in real time, collect the performance parameters of the monitored battery cells 101 for a long time, count the performance attenuation parameters thereof, and generate and output the statistical information to the communication module 208.
When the inverter unit 102 communicates with the outside through the communication module 208, all the operating parameters in the intelligent photovoltaic module can be remotely read and controlled by a remote control device, and particularly for the application case shown in fig. 3a, the remote control device can read the operating parameters of each battery cell 101, such as temperature, current, voltage and other technical parameters; according to the read technical parameters such as temperature, current and voltage, the remote control device can operate the control module 206 to realize operations such as boosting and shutting down the battery cell 101, and further effectively control hot spots and monitor the operation of the assembly.
In order to implement the boost function, specifically, the semiconductor inverter module 202 includes: a DCDC conversion circuit that boosts the received direct current and a DCAC conversion circuit that converts the boosted direct current into alternating current;
the input end of the DCDC conversion circuit is the input end of the semiconductor inverter module 202;
the output end of the DCDC conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the DCAC conversion circuit;
the output end of the DCAC conversion circuit is the output end of the semiconductor inverter module 202.
It should be noted that the semiconductor inverter module 202 may be an integrated chip, or a circuit composed of discrete devices and packaged separately; the specific application is not limited herein, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto.
In addition, since the battery cell 101 is subjected to single-sided light or double-sided light, the packaging position of the inverter unit 102 in the intelligent photovoltaic module will be different, specifically:
when cell 101 is two-sided photic cell, this intelligent photovoltaic module still includes: two transparent cover sheets which are entirely arranged on two sides of the battery piece (arranged to be 303 shown in fig. 5a to 5 c) and a printed circuit board (not shown) for arranging the inverter unit 102 are respectively arranged; the printed circuit board is packaged on the side edge of the intelligent photovoltaic module;
when the cell 101 is a single-side light receiving cell, the intelligent photovoltaic module further comprises: the transparent cover plate is arranged on the light receiving surface of the battery piece, and the back plate is arranged on the back surface of the battery piece; and all the inverter units 102 are packaged on the back plate. Since the inverter unit 102 corresponds to the plurality of battery pieces 101, the semiconductor inverter module 202 and other devices in the inverter unit 102 can be micro-sized, so that the semiconductor inverter module 202 is integrated into a back plate to form an intelligent photovoltaic module with realizability; at the moment, the intelligent photovoltaic module is actually equivalent to a back plate component module which replaces a common photovoltaic module with a thin plate-shaped micro intelligent inverter; the thickness of the thin plate-shaped micro intelligent inverter can be controlled to be about 2mm, and the semiconductor inverter module 202 and various electrical components are highly integrated.
301 and 305 shown in fig. 5a to 5c may represent two transparent cover sheets in a double-sided smart photovoltaic module, respectively, or may represent a transparent cover sheet and a back sheet in a single-sided smart photovoltaic module, respectively. 301 and 305 are bonded to all of the battery cells 303 by adhesive hot melt adhesives (302 and 304 shown in fig. 5a to 5 c), respectively.
In practical application, the transparent cover plate can be made of glass or other materials, and the transparent cover plate can be determined according to specific application environments and is within the protection scope of the application.
More preferably, when the number of the inverter units 102 is greater than one, the intelligent photovoltaic module further includes: an ac bus circuit 103 disposed on the printed circuit board or the backplane;
referring to fig. 3a to 3c, the ac bus circuit 103 is connected between the ac side port of the inverter unit 102 and the output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module, and can implement ac return for the plurality of inverter units 102.
The rest of the principle is the same as the above embodiments, and is not described in detail here.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides an application system of an intelligent photovoltaic module, referring to fig. 6, including: a transformer and a plurality of intelligent photovoltaic modules as described in any of the above embodiments;
the output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module can be directly connected with the input end of the transformer and also merged into the input end of the transformer through a corresponding alternating current header box (as shown in fig. 6);
the output end of the transformer is connected with the power grid.
In practical application, an operator can monitor the application system through a remote control device.
Comparing the structures shown in fig. 6 and fig. 2, it can be seen that the grid-connected application system of the embodiment simplifies the photovoltaic module compared with the prior art.
The specific principle is the same as the above embodiments, and is not described in detail here.
The embodiments of the invention are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment is connected with the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present teachings, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the present teachings, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (9)
1. An intelligent photovoltaic module, comprising: the battery pack comprises N battery pieces and at least one inversion unit, wherein N is a positive integer; wherein:
the direct current side port of the inversion unit is connected with two ends of the plurality of battery slices connected in series; the alternating current side port of the inversion unit is connected with the output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module and outputs alternating current;
the inverter unit is used for realizing MPPT control on the connected battery pieces, and controlling the connected battery pieces to normally output, turn off output or perform inverter output after boosting according to the electrical parameter signals of the connected battery pieces so as to avoid the whole-path power generation loss caused by the problem that when a plurality of photovoltaic modules adopt the same inverter unit to realize MPPT control and inverter output, individual photovoltaic modules break down or are shielded.
2. The intelligent photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the inverter units is N, the dc side ports of the N inverter units are respectively connected to the output ends of the N battery pieces in a one-to-one correspondence;
and when the number of the inverter units is less than N, the direct current side ports of the inverter units are connected with two ends of the plurality of series-connected battery pieces.
3. The intelligent photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the inverter unit comprises: the temperature control circuit comprises a direct current filter circuit, a semiconductor inverter module, an alternating current filter circuit, a diode, a temperature detection device and a control module; wherein:
the input end of the direct current filter circuit is a direct current side port of the inversion unit;
the output end of the direct current filter circuit is connected with the input end of the alternating current filter circuit through the semiconductor inverter module;
the output end of the alternating current filter circuit is an alternating current side port of the inversion unit;
the control module is respectively connected with the control end of the semiconductor inversion module, the acquisition end of the alternating current filter circuit, the temperature detection device and the diode, and is used for detecting according to the acquired temperature signal, voltage signal and current signal and controlling the semiconductor inversion module to work according to the detection result.
4. The intelligent photovoltaic module of claim 3, wherein the inverter unit is further configured to communicate with the outside world;
at this time, the inverter unit further includes: the communication module is used for realizing the communication between the control module and the outside; and the control module is further configured to: generating and outputting report information to the communication module according to the detection result, receiving an external control instruction and controlling the semiconductor inverter module to work according to the control instruction; and monitoring the performance parameters of the connected battery pieces, and generating and outputting statistical information to the communication module according to the performance parameters.
5. The intelligent photovoltaic module of claim 3, wherein the semiconductor inverter module comprises: a DCDC conversion circuit and a DCAC conversion circuit;
the input end of the DCDC conversion circuit is the input end of the semiconductor inverter module;
the output end of the DCDC conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the DCAC conversion circuit;
the output end of the DCAC conversion circuit is the output end of the semiconductor inversion module.
6. The intelligent photovoltaic module of claim 3, wherein the semiconductor inverter module is an integrated chip, or a circuit composed of discrete devices and packaged separately.
7. The intelligent photovoltaic module of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising, when the cell is a double-sided light-receiving cell: the two transparent cover plates are respectively arranged on two sides of all the battery plates, and the printed circuit board is used for arranging the inverter unit; the printed circuit board is packaged on the side edge of the intelligent photovoltaic assembly;
when the cell is a single-side light receiving cell, the solar cell further comprises: the transparent cover plate is arranged on the light receiving surface of all the battery pieces, and the back plate is arranged on the back surface of all the battery pieces; and all the inversion units are packaged on the back plate.
8. The intelligent photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein when the number of the inverter units is greater than one, the intelligent photovoltaic module further comprises: the alternating current bus circuit is arranged on the printed circuit board or the back plate;
the alternating current confluence circuit is connected between an alternating current side port of the inversion unit and the output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module.
9. An application system of an intelligent photovoltaic module, comprising: a transformer and a plurality of intelligent photovoltaic modules according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
the output end of the intelligent photovoltaic module is connected with the input end of the transformer;
and the output end of the transformer is connected with a power grid.
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