CN110481388B - Automatic phase-passing control method for traction system of high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive - Google Patents
Automatic phase-passing control method for traction system of high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M3/00—Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power
- B60M3/04—Arrangements for cutting in and out of individual track sections
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C3/00—Electric locomotives or railcars
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a control method for an excessive phase area of a railway locomotive, in particular to an automatic excessive phase control method for a traction system of a high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive. The invention aims to control the four-quadrant rectifier and the inverter to perform corresponding actions through MCPU logical judgment when a locomotive receives an excessive phase starting signal and enters an excessive phase working condition, thereby stabilizing the intermediate direct current bus voltage and realizing the purpose of uninterrupted power supply of an auxiliary system. The invention divides the phase-dividing control method of the traction system into three parts: the logic control in the MCPU is mainly used for controlling rectification and inversion and coordinating the operation sequence of the rectification and inversion; the rectifier control is used for controlling the running state of the four-quadrant rectification; and the inverter control is used for controlling the running state of each motor. The invention combs the logic sequence and corresponding action of each part in the process of passing through the phase separation; the problem of the auxiliary system uninterrupted power supply in the passing neutral section process and the problem of restraining the back electromotive force of the permanent magnet motor at high speed are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method for an excessive phase area of a railway locomotive, in particular to an automatic excessive phase control method for a traction system of a high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive.
Background
With the great speed increase of railways in China, the railway industry is driven to develop towards high speed and comfort. The power of a single motor reaches 1225KW, and the locomotive is a high-power alternating-current transmission electric locomotive which adopts a permanent-magnet direct-drive technology for the first time at home at present. The total efficiency of the high-power permanent-magnet direct-drive locomotive is improved by more than 3%, the electric energy can be saved by 200 degrees per hour, and the high-power permanent-magnet direct-drive locomotive has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, low maintenance cost and the like.
Because the railway traction contact network uses single-phase power frequency alternating current, in order to balance the load of a power grid, a substation can send out different phases, so that a phase separation is arranged in a power supply area to prevent short circuit, and a 'phase separation area' or a 'dead zone' is formed. When the high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive normally operates, the auxiliary system is powered through the intermediate direct current bus 2800V, and the operation of equipment such as a fan and an air conditioner is maintained. When the locomotive enters a phase separation area, the main breaker is disconnected to ensure the safety of the equipment, the motor carries out braking working condition to pass through the phase separation area, the main breaker is closed again after the network voltage is recovered to be normal, and the equipment is started normally in sequence.
Because the permanent magnet motor has counter electromotive force when the motor is uncontrolled and the motor has rotating speed, the counter electromotive force of the motor is in direct proportion to the rotating speed of the motor. Under the traction working condition, particularly at a high speed, if the back electromotive force of the motor is too high, the motor is charged to the side of the middle direct current bus, and the four-quadrant rectification can feed back energy to the power grid. This situation can easily lead to overvoltage protection of the intermediate dc bus, which can damage the module if the back-emf exceeds the IGBT withstand voltage threshold.
The prior art control strategy has the following problems:
1) The auxiliary system stops working due to the fact that uninterrupted power supply of the auxiliary system cannot be achieved, and comfort of the passenger locomotive is reduced;
2) When the phase-separating area is passed, the auxiliary system on the locomotive stops working and is restarted, so that the times of the action of the contactor switch are increased, the service life of the contactor switch is also shortened, and the maintenance cost is increased;
3) When the motor passes through the phase separation zone at a high speed, time delay is generated on the operation of a mechanical switch of a motor isolation contactor, a large counter potential is easily generated in the time zone, an overvoltage fault of a middle direct current bus is easily triggered, and a module can be seriously damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to control the four-quadrant rectifier and the inverter to perform corresponding actions through MCPU logic judgment when a locomotive receives an over-phase starting signal and enters an over-phase working condition, thereby stabilizing the intermediate direct-current bus voltage and realizing the purpose of uninterrupted power supply of an auxiliary system.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the automatic passing neutral section control method of the traction system of the high-power permanent magnet direct drive locomotive comprises the following steps:
(1) After receiving the passing phase separation starting signal, the network control system sends the signal to an MCPU in the TCU, if the MCPU receives the passing phase separation starting signal, the rectification and the inverter start to act by passing phase separation, otherwise, the network control system exits from a passing phase separation program;
(2) After the rectification and the passing neutral section action of the inverter are finished, the MCPU sends a passing neutral section preparation finishing signal to a network control system;
(3) If the network control system receives a neutral section passing preparation finishing signal, the main circuit breaker is switched off, and if the neutral section passing preparation finishing signal is not received and the time length sent by the neutral section passing starting signal reaches the set time length, the network control system forcibly switches off the main circuit breaker and then enters the dead zone;
(4) After passing through the dead zone and the network voltage is recovered to be normal, if the network control system receives an excessive phase ending signal, the main circuit breaker is closed, and after receiving the excessive phase ending signal, the rectifier starts to send a pulse, otherwise, the main circuit breaker is continuously disconnected;
(5) If the rectifier is started, entering an inverter excessive phase ending action, otherwise, continuing to start the rectifier;
(6) And when the inverter phase-splitting ending action is finished, if the MCPU receives a phase-splitting recovery finishing signal, the MCPU exits from the phase-splitting, otherwise, the inverter phase-splitting ending action is continued.
According to the automatic passing neutral section control method for the traction system of the high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive, the passing neutral section of the inverter is performed according to the following steps:
(1) If the inverter receives the MCPU passing neutral section starting signal, the motor starts to reduce the power and reaches 0, otherwise, the inverter passes neutral section and ends;
(2) After the power of the motor is reduced to 0, calculating one motor torque according to the total power of the auxiliary system, enabling the motor to be in a braking state to maintain the voltage stability of the intermediate bus, and then sending a braking OK signal to the MCPU;
(3) If an excessive phase ending signal of the MCPU is received, the power reduction of the brake motor is 0, otherwise, the voltage stability of the middle bus is continuously maintained;
(4) After the work of the braking motor is reduced to 0, if the traction force or the braking force of all the motors reaches the level requirement before passing through the neutral section, a neutral section passing recovery completion signal is sent to the MCPU, and the inverter passing through the neutral section is finished.
According to the automatic passing neutral-section control method for the traction system of the high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive, after work reduction is completed, the motor except for the brake motor is normally pulsed to inhibit the counter electromotive force of the motor, and meanwhile, the action times of the motor isolation contactor are reduced, and the service life of a device is prolonged. The voltage formula of the permanent magnet motor is as follows:
wherein ω is γ =2 pi f, f being the frequency of the permanent magnet motor,
is the rotor flux linkage of a permanent magnet motor at high speed
The constant value of f is large, and the voltage of the permanent magnet motor easily exceeds a set threshold value to cause voltage overvoltage faults. The modulation wave formed by inverting the sending pulse can generate a voltage with the same amplitude and the same phase to ensure that the terminal voltage of the permanent magnet motor is constant, thereby achieving the purpose of restraining the counter electromotive force of the permanent magnet motor.
According to the automatic passing neutral section control method for the traction system of the high-power permanent magnet direct drive locomotive, the rectifier passing neutral section process comprises the following steps:
(1) After receiving the over-phase-splitting starting signal, the MCPU sends a stopping instruction to the four-quadrant rectifier after logical judgment, the rectifier firstly judges whether the rectifier is in a working state, if the rectifier is in the working state, the four-quadrant rectifier stops working, and if not, the four-quadrant over-phase-splitting is finished.
(2) If the four-quadrant stopping command sent by the MCPU is not received, but the four-quadrant starting command sent by the MCPU is received, judging whether the four-quadrant starting condition is met, if so, sending a pulse to start the four-quadrant, otherwise, searching for a fault and resetting, and continuously judging whether the four-quadrant starting condition is met.
(3) And if the four-quadrant stopping command sent by the MCPU is not received, and the four-quadrant starting command sent by the MCPU is not received, the four-quadrant passing phase splitting is finished.
According to the automatic passing neutral section control method of the high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive traction system, the set time length is 160/V, wherein V is the current speed. 160 means that the distance between two magnets on the track is 160m, V is the speed of the locomotive, and the unit is km/h, and the unit of 160/V is time s.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the logic sequence and corresponding action of each part in the process of passing through the phase separation are clearly combed;
2. the problem of the uninterrupted power supply of auxiliary system and the problem of restraining the back emf of permanent-magnet machine in passing the phase separation process is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a control block diagram of a network control system and a traction system.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the MCPU passing phase control logic.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a four-quadrant rectification through phase separation control method.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of an inverter-split phase control method.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Introduction to network control System
1. Network control system architecture
The network control system comprises a central processing unit (MPU), a traction control system (TCU), a Driver Display Unit (DDU), a remote input and output unit (RIOM), a brake control system (BCU), an auxiliary control system (ACU) and an MVB/WTB Gateway (GW).
The MPU is the core of the whole network control system, completes the bus management of the whole network, and can also complete the central processing function of the network control system, namely, the vehicle control function is realized. The TCU is responsible for the locomotive electrical traction for brake control functions. The DDU is responsible for the functions of real-time display of locomotive state information, configuration of network parameters, maintenance and processing of fault information and the like. The RIOM is responsible for acquiring field information and data of a driver cab, an auxiliary electrical cabinet and a low-voltage electrical cabinet, and simultaneously driving a display lamp of a driver control console and executing a control command to drive corresponding field execution equipment such as a relay and a contactor. The BCU is responsible for locomotive air brake control functions. The ACU is responsible for assisting the converter and the control function of the charger. The GW is responsible for data conversion between a WTB (twisted wire train bus) network and an MVB (multifunction vehicle bus) network, and realizes information transmission between locomotives.
2. Control process
When the locomotive is controlled by a driver, a remote I/O unit (RIOM) acquires a control instruction sent by the driver through a control component (such as a driver controller, a key-pulling switch, a display screen and the like) on the console, and the control instruction is transmitted to relevant equipment through the processing of a central control unit (MPU), so that the equipment is controlled to act to complete the control instruction sent by the driver.
Example (b):
the embodiment relates to 2 TCUs, wherein 1 TCU controls 1 converter cabinet and 3 motors, 6 motors are divided into 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 motors according to the serial numbers, wherein the 1, 2 and 3 motors are controlled by one TCU, the 4, 5 and 6 motors are controlled by the other TCU, a four-quadrant rectifier and an inverter are arranged in the converter cabinet, and a middle capacitor is connected between the four-quadrant rectifier and the inverter.
The automatic passing neutral section control method of the traction system of the high-power permanent magnet direct drive locomotive comprises the following steps:
1. after receiving the passing phase separation starting signal, the network control system sends the signal to an MCPU in the TCU, and the MCPU respectively controls the four-quadrant rectifier and the inverter through logic judgment;
2, the MCPU receives the passing split phase starting signal, performs logic judgment, and controls 6 inverted motors to start power reduction until the power is 0;
3. after the work reduction is finished, the motors 1, 3, 4 and 6 are normally pulsed to inhibit the counter electromotive force of the motors, and the motors 2 and 5 are braked to continue working until the middle direct current bus is stabilized to be about 2800V;
4. when the intermediate bus is stable, the motors 2 and 5 send a brake OK flag bit to the MCPU;
5. after the actions are completed, the MCPU sends a passing neutral section preparation completion signal to the network control system after receiving the signal, and the network control system disconnects the main circuit breaker after receiving the signal;
6. after the network voltage is recovered, the MCPU receives a phase-splitting finishing signal and commands the four-quadrant rectifier to start to send pulses;
7. after the four-quadrant rectifier is started, the motors 2 and 5 start to brake and reduce the power to 0, and meanwhile, the motors 1, 3, 4 and 6 start to output power;
8. and when the 6 motors recover to the traction force or the braking force matched with the grade, sending a passing neutral section recovery finishing signal, and exiting the passing neutral section working condition.
With reference to the attached figure 1, the phase-splitting control method of the traction system is divided into three parts:
logic control in the MCPU is mainly used for controlling rectification and inversion and coordinating the operation sequence of the rectification and inversion;
2. the rectifier control is used for controlling the running state of the four-quadrant rectification;
3. and the inverter control is used for controlling the running state of each motor.
The first part is an excessive phase separation control logic process which is explained by combining the accompanying figure 2:
1. after entering the passing phase working condition, if the MCPU receives a passing phase starting signal, the rectification and the inverter pass phase starting action, otherwise, the passing phase program is exited.
2. After the rectification and the passing neutral section action of the inverter are finished, the MCPU sends a passing neutral section preparation finishing signal to a network control system.
3. If the network control system receives the signal of completing the neutral section preparation, the main circuit breaker is switched off, and if the signal of completing the neutral section preparation is not received and the sending time length of the signal of beginning the neutral section reaches 160/V (wherein V is the current vehicle speed), the network forcibly switches off the main circuit breaker and then enters the dead zone.
4. After passing through the dead zone and the network voltage recovers to be normal, if the network control system receives the excessive phase ending signal, the main circuit breaker is closed, and after the MCPU receives the signal, the four-quadrant rectifier starts to send pulses, otherwise, the main circuit breaker is continuously disconnected.
5. And if the four-quadrant rectifier is started, entering an inverter excessive phase ending action, otherwise, continuing to start the four-quadrant rectifier.
6. And when the inverter passing phase separation finishing action is finished, if a passing phase separation recovery finishing signal is received, exiting the passing phase separation, otherwise, continuing to perform the inverter passing phase separation finishing action.
The second part is a four-quadrant rectifier excess phase control method, which is explained by combining the accompanying figure 3:
1. if a command for stopping the four quadrants, which is sent by the MCPU, is received, whether the rectifier is in a working state is judged firstly, if the rectifier is in the working state, the four quadrants stop working, and if the rectifier is not in the working state, the four quadrants pass through the phase splitting and are finished.
2. If the four-quadrant stopping command sent by the MCPU is not received, but the four-quadrant starting command sent by the MCPU is received, firstly judging whether the four-quadrant starting condition is met, if so, sending a pulse to start the four-quadrant, otherwise, searching for a fault and resetting, and continuously judging whether the four-quadrant starting condition is met.
3. And if the four-quadrant stopping command sent by the MCPU is not received, and the four-quadrant starting command sent by the MCPU is not received, the four-quadrant passing phase splitting is finished.
The third part is an inverter over-phase control method, which is explained by combining the attached figure 4:
1. and (3) starting the over-phase separation of the inverter, if an MCPU over-phase separation starting signal is received, starting to reduce the power of the motors 1, 2 and 3 to 0, and otherwise, finishing the inversion over-phase separation.
And after the power of the motors 2.1, 2 and 3 is reduced to 0, the torque of the motor 2 is calculated according to the total power of the auxiliary system, the motor 2 rotates to a braking state to maintain the intermediate bus at 2800V to be stable, and then a braking OK signal is sent to the MCPU.
3. If receiving the excessive phase ending signal of the MCPU, 2, reducing the power of the motor to 0, and otherwise, continuously maintaining the voltage stability of the middle bus.
4.2 after the motor power reduction is 0, if the traction force or the braking force of the motors 1, 2 and 3 reaches the level requirement before passing through the neutral section, sending a neutral section passing recovery finishing signal to the MCPU, and finishing inverting and passing the neutral section.
Claims (3)
1. The automatic passing neutral section control method of the traction system of the high-power permanent magnet direct drive locomotive is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) After receiving the passing phase separation starting signal, the network control system sends the signal to an MCPU in the TCU, if the MCPU receives the passing phase separation starting signal, the rectification and the inverter start to act by passing phase separation, otherwise, the network control system exits from a passing phase separation program;
(2) After the rectifying and inverter neutral section passing actions are finished, the MCPU sends neutral section passing preparation finishing signals to a network control system;
(3) If the network control system receives a neutral section passing preparation finishing signal, the main circuit breaker is switched off, and if the neutral section passing preparation finishing signal is not received and the time length sent by the neutral section passing starting signal reaches the set time length, the network control system forcibly switches off the main circuit breaker and then enters the dead zone;
(4) After passing through the dead zone and the network voltage is recovered to be normal, if the network control system receives an excessive phase ending signal, the main circuit breaker is closed, the four-quadrant rectifier starts to send pulses after the MCPU receives the excessive phase ending signal, and otherwise, the main circuit breaker is continuously disconnected;
(5) If the rectifier is started, entering an inverter excessive phase ending action, otherwise, continuing to start the four-quadrant rectifier;
(6) When the inverter phase passing ending action is finished, if the MCPU receives a phase passing recovery finishing signal, the MCPU exits from the phase passing, otherwise, the inverter phase passing ending action is continued;
the inverter passing neutral section is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) If the inverter receives the MCPU passing neutral section starting signal, the motor starts to reduce the power and reaches 0, otherwise, the inverter passes the neutral section and ends;
(2) After the power of the motor is reduced to 0, calculating one motor torque according to the total power of the auxiliary system, enabling the motor to rotate to a braking state to maintain the voltage stability of the middle bus, and then sending a braking OK signal to the MCPU;
(3) If an excessive phase ending signal of the MCPU is received, the power of the motor converted into a braking state is reduced to 0, otherwise, the voltage stability of the middle bus is continuously maintained;
(4) After the motor power reduction converted into the braking state is 0, if the traction force or the braking force of all the motors reaches the level requirement before passing through the neutral section, sending a neutral section passing recovery completion signal to the MCPU, and finishing passing through the neutral section of the inverter;
the passing phase process of the rectifier comprises the following steps:
(1) After receiving the passing split phase starting signal, the MCPU sends a stopping instruction to the four-quadrant rectifier after logical judgment, the rectifier firstly judges whether the rectifier is in a working state, if the rectifier is in the working state, the four-quadrant rectifier stops working, and if not, the four-quadrant passing split phase is finished;
(2) If the four-quadrant stopping command sent by the MCPU is not received, but the four-quadrant starting command sent by the MCPU is received, firstly judging whether the four-quadrant starting condition is met, if so, sending a pulse to start the four-quadrant, otherwise, searching for a fault and resetting, and continuously judging whether the four-quadrant starting condition is met;
(3) And if the four-quadrant stopping command sent by the MCPU is not received, and the four-quadrant starting command sent by the MCPU is not received, the four-quadrant passing phase splitting is finished.
2. The automatic passing neutral section control method of the traction system of the high-power permanent magnet direct-drive locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that after the work reduction is completed, a pulse is normally sent to a motor except the brake motor to restrain the counter electromotive force of the motor.
3. The automatic neutral-section passing control method for the traction system of the high-power permanent-magnet direct-drive locomotive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the set time duration is 160/V, wherein V is the current vehicle speed, and 160 refers to the distance between two magnets on a line and has the unit of m.
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