CN110021955A - The method of the photovoltaic generating system and dynamic equilibrium electric energy of integrated energy storage function - Google Patents
The method of the photovoltaic generating system and dynamic equilibrium electric energy of integrated energy storage function Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H02J3/383—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Abstract
The present invention relates to the methods of the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function and dynamic equilibrium electric energy.The electric energy captured from a corresponding photovoltaic module is converted into output power by the multilevel voltage converter with multistage photovoltaic module and series connection, every voltage order one converter.Power is executed with the output power provided multilevel voltage converter and converts and generate the inverter of alternating current, and the respective output voltage of electric pressure converter is added on DC bus and as busbar voltage.Energy storage section also with dynamic equilibrium direct current bus bar energy, when the sum of power that multistage photovoltaic module provides is lower than predetermined power value required for alternating current, energy storage section feeds electric energy on DC bus, and when the sum of power that multistage photovoltaic module provides is higher than predetermined power value required for alternating current, energy storage section draws electric energy from DC bus.Quick diagnosis power grid demand simultaneously judges the energy flow direction of energy storage section to provide accurate power compensation for power grid.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, are related in the application containing photovoltaic cell
Power energy storage and grid-connected method are provided in occasion, quick diagnosis power grid demand and can judge energy storage according to the actual situation
Partial energy flow direction is to provide accurate power compensation for power grid.
Background technique
The energy is the indispensable resource of human production life, and the energy is also the current actual demand of the mankind and natural resources
Consumption between embody to obtain more apparent contradiction point.Along with traditional chemical industry energy such as petroleum, coal, natural gas etc. can not
Reproducibility, they are in the increasingly depleted while serious environmental problem such as also result in atmosphere pollution and greenhouse effects.The energy is people
The important material base of class social being and development, as the development and the energy of society are increasingly reduced, wherein solar energy is as weight
Want one of energy never exhausted with it, it is pollution-free the advantages that, just rapidly developed.But solar energy exists intermittent and unstable
The defects of qualitative and poor controllability.For the harmony and continuity for guaranteeing its power supply, energy storage device becomes photovoltaic generating system
Crucial matching component.Energy-storage system type is more, the application skill of lead-acid battery, lithium battery, sodium-sulphur battery and vanadium flow battery etc.
Though art maturity is different, it is easier to realize large capacity energy storage.Charge/discharge speed, charge and discharge number of battery class energy storage etc. by
The limitation of battery behavior, it is impossible to be used in realize quick dynamic power compensation, dynamic oscillation, smooth wind-power electricity generation is inhibited to export
Quickly variation.There is provided can quickly charge and discharge and charge and discharge number adapt to automatically power compensation photovoltaic energy storage power station be it is current urgently
Problem to be solved.Photovoltaic energy storage power station includes the solar panel that solar energy is changed into electric energy, is used for solar-electricity
The direct current of pond plate output is changed into DC/DC converter, the energy-storage system of stable DC, and for utilizing direct current to directly
The controller that the converter of stream charges to energy-storage system, photovoltaic energy storage power station further include for exporting DC power conversion device
Direct current be changed into the direct current of alternating current to the inverter of alternating current.The target in the photovoltaic energy storage power station that the application refers to is
Charge-discharge power demand can be quickly responded, can absorb frequent faint light photograph, satisfaction makes energy-accumulating power station with high efficiency and has energy storage
Rapidly, the characteristic point of the cycle life with overlength.
Solar energy has the characteristics that widely distributed and near endless is endless, using the problem of solar photovoltaic generation system
Also have the characteristics that in photovoltaic energy intermittent and uncertain, is difficult to load and continual and steady power supply is provided, often at present
Method is that electric energy is stored or discharged using energy-storage system, reduces the negative effect that weather causes photovoltaic generating system, is
User's stable power-supplying is to guarantee the reliability and power quality powered.It is logical based on the energy management efficiency for improving photovoltaic generating system
Battery management system can often be arranged to be managed it, the charge status of battery module is only simply controlled, with photovoltaic
Inefficiency is increasingly showed in the increase of electricity generation system component, the extension of functional diversities, the charge and discharge for simply controlling battery
The defects of with low-response and poor control accuracy, can not carry out charge and discharge control according to the parameter of load and battery module, so that
It is low in energy utilization efficiency.Solar photovoltaic generation system has been widely applied as many using one of solar energy resources
In present industry and civilian power system.In addition to the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system on conventional meaning, the off-network type system of photovoltaic
System is also the relatively conventional system using solar power generation.The off-network type system of photovoltaic is generally by photovoltaic cell component, connection
The charger of the AC-to DC of photovoltaic cell component, the battery pack of the charger output end of connection AC-to DC, connection store
The direct current of electric battery pack output end is constituted to the inverter of alternating current and AC load etc..Photovoltaic cell component is having illumination
In the case where convert the solar into electric energy, by charging unit give power storage cell packet charge；Pass through inverter when there is no light
It is powered by power storage cell packet to AC load.If the appearance that the off-network type system of existing photovoltaic has been established battery component
Amount attempts if being changed, then needs to be transformed the equipment design of entire energy-storage system to carry out dilatation to battery component, or need
Battery is replaced in the case where cutting off electric power output, operation is modified to battery capacity in the case where extremely inconvenient.Cause
It is necessary to provide improved photovoltaic generating systems and its energy-storage system to solve the above problems for this.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function in one embodiment, comprising: multi-stage light
The multilevel voltage converter of component and series connection is lied prostrate, every voltage order one converter will be from a corresponding photovoltaic group
The electric energy that part captures is converted into output power；The output power execution power that multilevel voltage converter provides is converted and generated
The inverter of alternating current；The respective output voltage of multilevel voltage converter is added on DC bus and as busbar voltage；It is dynamic
State balances the energy storage section of direct current bus bar energy, in the offer of multistage photovoltaic module to the sum of external power lower than needed for alternating current
Energy storage section feeds electric energy on DC bus when the predetermined power value wanted, alternatively, in the offer of multistage photovoltaic module to external work
Energy storage section draws electric energy from DC bus when the sum of rate is higher than predetermined power value required for alternating current.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: every voltage order one converter is also used to will be right therewith
The output electric current and output voltage setting for the photovoltaic module answered are at maximum power point.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: energy storage section includes two-way DC converter and storage
Battery, energy storage section feed electric energy on DC bus using the electric energy that power storage cell stores as energy supply source, or
The electric energy of absorption is stored in power storage cell by energy storage section.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: the given reference power of power storage cell is divided by electric power storage
The value that the cell voltage that battery is set is calculated is defined as the follow current value of two-way DC converter, and acquisition is double in real time
To the actual output electric current of DC converter, the actual output current for controlling two-way DC converter tends to be equal to follow current
Value.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: the given reference power of power storage cell is equal to multistage
Photovoltaic module provide to the difference between the sum of external power and predetermined power value required for alternating current.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: control the reality output electricity of two-way DC converter
Stream tends to include: that actual output current and follow current value based on two-way DC converter are built equal to the mode of follow current value
The pulse width modulating signal that vertical electric current PI controller generates is for driving two-way DC converter；PI controller will track electricity
Flow valuve is set as given instruction value and is adjusted in synchronism deviation of the actual output current of two-way DC converter to follow current value, root
According to the deviation generate pulse width modulating signal driving two-way DC converter stage to reduce the deviation.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: multistage photovoltaic module provide to the sum of external power
The positive sign or negative sign of difference between predetermined power value define the direction of follow current value multiplied by the size of follow current value:
Sense of current is to flow to DC bus from power storage cell in two-way DC converter when follow current value is negative value；Follow current
Sense of current is to flow to power storage cell from DC bus in two-way DC converter when value is positive value.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: two-way DC converter is simultaneous with booster circuit
And reduction voltage circuit, setting two-way DC converter is in boosting working condition when follow current value is negative value, and follow current value is
Positive value setting two-way DC converter is in decompression working condition.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: booster circuit is in two-way DC converter and rises
Press the complementary duty cycle of duty ratio and reduction voltage circuit when two-way DC converter is in decompression working condition when working condition.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: two-way DC converter is being coupled to DC bus
Input side be provided with input capacitance and the outlet side for being coupled to power storage cell be provided with output capacitance；When input capacitance two
When the pressure drop at end is higher than the pressure drop at output capacitance both ends, two-way DC converter is triggered by power storage to power storage cell, and
When the pressure drop at input capacitance both ends is lower than the pressure drop at output capacitance both ends, triggering two-way DC converter is electric from electric power storage by electric energy
Pond is fed to DC bus.
The photovoltaic generating system of above-mentioned integrated energy storage function, in which: two-way DC converter is coupled to DC bus
When the pressure drop of input side is higher than the pressure drop for the outlet side that two-way DC converter is coupled to power storage cell, triggering bidirectional, dc transformation
Device enables reduction voltage circuit for power storage to power storage cell；And two-way DC converter is coupled to the input side of DC bus
When pressure drop is lower than the pressure drop for the outlet side that two-way DC converter is coupled to power storage cell, triggering two-way DC converter, which enables, to be risen
Volt circuit will feed electric energy into DC bus.
The application provides in another embodiment a kind of dynamically to be put down in the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function
The method of weighing apparatus electric energy, photovoltaic generating system have the multilevel voltage converter of multistage photovoltaic module and series connection, every level-one electricity
The electric energy captured from a corresponding photovoltaic module is converted into output power by pressure converter；Photovoltaic generating system is also
Power, which is executed, with the output power provided multilevel voltage converter converts and generate the inverter of alternating current, and multistage electricity
The respective output voltage of pressure converter is added on DC bus and uses it as busbar voltage；The described method includes: relatively more
The size to the sum of external power and predetermined power value required for alternating current that grade photovoltaic module provides；It is mentioned in multistage photovoltaic module
When being lower than predetermined power value required for alternating current to the sum of external power of confession, using the energy storage section of offer on DC bus
Feed electric energy；When being higher than predetermined power value required for alternating current to the sum of external power of multistage photovoltaic module offer is being provided,
Electric energy is drawn from DC bus using the energy storage section of offer；Energy handle up dynamically using energy storage section whereby come smooth straight
Flow the energy fluctuation on bus.
Above-mentioned method, in which: every voltage order one converter is also used to the output of a corresponding photovoltaic module
Electric current and output voltage setting are at maximum power point.
Above-mentioned method, in which: energy storage section includes two-way DC converter and power storage cell, energy of dynamically handling up
Method include: that the electric energy of absorption is stored in the electricity that power storage cell or energy storage section are stored with power storage cell by energy storage section
Electric energy can be fed on DC bus as energy supply source.
Above-mentioned method, in which: energy storage section adjusts the performance number size drawn or fed in energy process of handling up
Method include: acquire that multistage photovoltaic module respectively provides to external power and calculate that multistage photovoltaic module provides to external power
The sum of difference between predetermined power value required for alternating current；By the given reference power of power storage cell divided by power storage cell
The value that is calculated of cell voltage be defined as the follow current value of two-way DC converter, the given of power storage cell refers to function
Rate is equal to the difference；The acquisition actual output electric current of two-way DC converter in real time, and control the reality of two-way DC converter
Border output electric current tends to be equal to follow current value.
Above-mentioned method, in which: the actual output current for controlling two-way DC converter tends to equal to follow current value
Mode includes: that the electric current PI controller established of actual output current based on two-way DC converter and follow current value is produced
Raw pulse width modulating signal is for driving two-way DC converter；Follow current value is set as given finger by electric current PI controller
It enables value and is also adjusted in synchronism deviation of the actual output current to follow current value of two-way DC converter, produced according to the deviation
Raw pulse width modulating signal driving two-way DC converter stage to reduce the deviation.
Above-mentioned method, in which: defined using the positive sign or negative sign of the difference multiplied by the size of follow current value
The direction of follow current value: sense of current is to flow to from power storage cell in two-way DC converter when follow current value is negative value
DC bus；Sense of current is that electric power storage electricity is flowed to from DC bus in two-way DC converter when follow current value is positive value
Pond.
Above-mentioned method, in which: setting two-way DC converter judges two-way simultaneous with booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit
DC converter enables booster circuit or enables the mode of reduction voltage circuit are as follows: judges then to drive when follow current value is negative value
Two-way DC converter is in boosting working condition；Judge then to drive at two-way DC converter when follow current value is positive value
In decompression working condition.
Above-mentioned method, in which: two-way DC converter is simultaneous with booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit, and booster circuit is double
Duty ratio from boosting working condition to DC converter and reduction voltage circuit when being in are in decompression work in two-way DC converter
Duty ratio when state is set as complementary each other.
Above-mentioned method, in which: the pressure drop that two-way DC converter is coupled to the input side of DC bus is higher than two-way straight
When current converter is coupled to the pressure drop of the outlet side of power storage cell, triggering two-way DC converter enables reduction voltage circuit and deposits electric energy
Store up power storage cell；The pressure drop that two-way DC converter is coupled to the input side of DC bus is coupled lower than two-way DC converter
To the outlet side of power storage cell pressure drop when, triggering two-way DC converter enable booster circuit will feed electric energy into direct current mother
Line.
Detailed description of the invention
To keep object and feature and advantage above more easy-to-understand, specific embodiment is done in conjunction with attached drawing hereinafter
Detailed explaination, read it is described further below and referring to the following drawings after, the feature and advantage of the application will be evident.
Fig. 1 is the example schematic of the multilevel voltage converter overall architecture of multistage photovoltaic module and series connection.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of multilevel voltage converter or inverter as the charging equipment to charge to power storage cell.
Fig. 3 is the example schematic that two-way DC converter is introduced in the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function.
Fig. 4 is the example schematic that two-way DC converter is driven in the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function.
Fig. 5 is the example schematic that booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit share power switch tube in two-way DC converter.
Fig. 6 is the example schematic that booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit set up power switch tube separately in two-way DC converter.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with each specific embodiment, clear and complete elaboration is carried out to herein disclosed technical solution, but
Described embodiment is only the application with the embodiment used in illustrating is described herein and not all embodiment, equal real based on this
It applies on the basis of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that being obtained without making creative work
Any scheme belong to the protection scope of the application.
Currently in distributed or centralized photovoltaic plant, the problem of meriting attention is: shadow occlusion causes numerous photovoltaics
Mismatch between component；The problem still exists is embodied in output voltage and output electric current and light in: the battery output characteristics of photovoltaic module
According to external factor such as intensity and environment temperatures there is close association, the uncertainty of external environmental factor causes maximum defeated
The corresponding voltage of power and maximum power point is followed by the variation of external factor and changes out.Based on these doubts, consider external
Factor and to realize photovoltaic module/battery maximum power point tracking be the first purpose of the application.
Referring to Fig. 1, photovoltaic module array is the basis that photovoltaic generating system is converted from luminous energy to electric energy, photovoltaic module array
In multiple battery pack strings are installed, battery pack string is made of the photovoltaic module PV1 to PVN of multiple series connections concatenation.Every block of light
Volt component or battery are provided with the electric pressure converter or power optimization device for executing maximum power tracing calculation.In some battery pack
The electric energy that for example first order photovoltaic module PV1 is generated in string carries out power by first order electric pressure converter CH1 and converts to execute function
The electric energy that rate optimization and second level photovoltaic module PV2 are generated carries out power by second level electric pressure converter CH2 and converts to execute
Power optimization, and so on, until electric energy caused by N grades of photovoltaic module PVN by N grades electric pressure converter CHN into
For the conversion of row power to execute power optimization, N is the natural number not less than 1.It is also known as most using the electric pressure converter in the occasion
High-power tracker searches for maximum power point and allows electric pressure converter from light usually using certain types of topological circuit
Maximum power as big as possible is extracted in volt component.
Referring to Fig. 1, first order electric pressure converter CH1 output voltage V is setO1, second level electric pressure converter CH2 output voltage
VO2... the rest may be inferred, until N grades of electric pressure converter CHN output voltage VON.On any one optical crosstalk volt battery pack string always
Tandem voltage is about V by calculatingO1+VO2+…VON=VBUS.Different multiple groups battery packs is connected to bus LA and LB in series and parallel
Between: different multiple links are connected in bus in parallel if defining multilevel voltage converter CH1-CHN and constituting some link
Between LA and LB.Total electric energy that photovoltaic module array provides is conveyed to the energy/energy collecting device by DC bus, and the energy is received
The type of acquisition means there are many selection, including at least in Fig. 1 can inverse of the DC into AC inverter INVT or including
Charger etc. to charge the battery.Photovoltaic module in substantive figure 1 above is merely possible to DC power supply namely optimised object
Particular example, electric pressure converter not only be compatible with crystal silicon battery plate, can also be matched in the hull cell of part, photovoltaic module
It can be replaced by chemical cell or storage battery or battery etc., the wider meaning of electric pressure converter is to different types of direct current
Power supply implements power optimization, such as wind energy and fuel cell.Appointing for the maximum power tracing of DC power supply in the prior art
Where case is equally applicable to the electric pressure converter of the application, and the most common maximum power tracing method has constant voltage process, conductance to increase
Amount method, perturbation observation method etc., usual open circuit voltage method and short circuit current method etc. belong to by a relatively simple scheme, but chase after
Track precision is relatively low.
Referring to Fig. 1, electric pressure converter belongs to power electronic equipment, and main purpose is to realize the maximum of individual photovoltaic module
The function of power points tracking.Buck circuit, boosting Boost circuit, buck Buck-Boost circuit and other mound gram is depressured to become
Parallel operation cuk converter etc. is the main circuit topology suitable for photovoltaic voltage converter.The grade main circuit topologies are substantially still fallen within
The scope of Switching Power Supply SMPS system, switch power supply system are usually to use power semiconductor as switch element, are passed through
Periodical on-off switch, the duty ratio of control switch element adjust output voltage.The power conversion that Switching Power Supply is realized is it
Core, in order to meet high power density requirement, converter needs work in high frequency state and switching transistor will use
The power switch that switching speed is high, the turn-on and turn-off time is short, for example power scr, power field effect transistor and insulated type
Bipolar junction transistor etc..It is a variety of that the main control mode of switch converters is divided into pulse width modulation, pulse frequency modulated etc., often
Use pulse width modulating scheme.What the switch power converter of the application was embodied is decompression or liter of the direct current to direct current
The voltage changer of pressure, after electric pressure converter carries out maximum power optimization to unimodule, energy is transferred to inverter and carries out directly
After flowing to the processing of alternating current, used for local or grid-connected.Inverter INVT usually can be the pure inverse of no maximum power tracing
Become equipment or the contravariant equipment equipped with second level maximum power tracing.
It is that multiple photovoltaic module PV1-PVN of N and corresponding quantity are converted for the concatenated voltage of N with quantity referring to Fig. 1
Device CH1-CHN and matched inverter INVT illustrate entire electricity generation system as example.Electric pressure converter, which has, is coupled to light
It lies prostrate the input terminal of component and the output end of output power is provided.For example the first input of first order electric pressure converter CH1 input side
The anode of first order photovoltaic module PV1 is coupled at end, and the second input terminal of first order electric pressure converter CH1 input side is coupled to the
The cathode of level-one photovoltaic module PV1, the electric energy that input side receives are converted into first order electric pressure converter CH1 outlet side
Output power at first output end and second output terminal.The corresponding of photovoltaic module PV2-PVN and electric pressure converter CH2-CHN is closed
It is shown in figure.It is required that electric pressure converter CH1-CHN is connected in series according to following rule: concatenated multilevel voltage is converted
Total tandem voltage that device CH1-CHN is provided is equal to the superposition value of their own output voltage.To: turn in the first step voltage
Bus LA that parallel operation CH1 is coupled to and total string can be provided between the bus LB that N grades of electric pressure converter CHN is coupled to
Step voltage VBUS=VO1+VO2+…VON.The most important core meaning of power optimization device is: some electric pressure converter need by
Some paired DC power supply output electric current and output voltage setting at the DC power supply maximum power point, in other words,
Electric pressure converter needs for the output electric current of itself to be arranged to the output electric current of the DC power supply matched with it without direct correlation property,
Electric pressure converter needs the output voltage by the output voltage setting Cheng Yuqi of itself DC power supply matched without direct correlation property.
Referring to Fig. 1, the electric pressure converter CH1-CH10 that quantity is N=10 is connected in series according to following rule: thinking any
The second output terminal of previous stage electric pressure converter is coupled to the first output of neighboring later stage electric pressure converter by power line etc.
End.By taking actual connection relationship as an example: the second output terminal of first order electric pressure converter CH1 is connected to second level electric pressure converter
The first output end of CH2 and the second output terminal of second level electric pressure converter CH2 are connected to adjacent third level electric pressure converter
The first output end of CH3, and so on, until the second output terminal of the 9th step voltage converter CH9 is directly connected to the tenth
The first output end of step voltage converter CH10.Therefore it is also believed that: the multilevel voltage converter CH1-CH10 of series connection
The tandem voltage of offer is equal to the superposition value of their own output voltage；To: it is being coupled to first order electric pressure converter CH1
It the bus LA of first output end and can be mentioned between the bus LB for being coupled to the tenth step voltage converter CH10 second output terminal
For total tandem voltage VBUS=VO1+VO2+…VO10。
Referring to Fig. 1, the power optimization device of conventional serial type using fixed voltage design concept.Inverter is according to friendship
The voltage that end voltage confirms a stable DC bus is flowed, summarizes the maximum power that concatenated power optimization device is collected, in turn
It calculates bus current and gives power optimization device by wirelessly or electrically power carrier signal transmission.The voltage of power optimization device output end
Equal to collection component maximum power power divided by bus current.The maximum work collected such as multilevel voltage converter CH1-CHN
Rate is fed to inverter INVT, fixation of the general power that photovoltaic module PV1-PVN is provided except the DC bus of inverter INVT
Voltage can calculate bus current.After the case where component is blocked, power optimization device corresponding to the battery that is blocked
Peak power output value is redefined according to volt-ampere curve, inverter is transferred to by means of communication.Maintaining DC bus electricity
Press it is constant under the premise of, recalculate bus current and such as become smaller and feed back to each electric pressure converter.The photovoltaic group being blocked at this time
The power of part reduces, its corresponding electric pressure converter can also be depressured to confirm that output electric current is up to standard.Other photovoltaics not being blocked
The electric pressure converter of component, which can then boost, carrys out output electric current up to standard, this dynamically adjusts program in fact and be the mistake that voltage is supplied
Journey, so that the DC terminal busbar voltage for being supplied to inverter is stablized.The design concept of fixed voltage, existing doubt are easily
Cause the output voltage of the corresponding electric pressure converter of the photovoltaic module not being blocked that can exceed that the voltage of electric pressure converter itself
Tolerance range, this problem is more prominent when members block more serious, therefore the DC voltage of DC bus can also fit
When carry out elastic floating, these design concepts are suitable for being applied.
Referring to Fig. 1, multilevel voltage converter CH1-CHN is each equipped with processor, is defeated by processor in addition to executing MPPT
What pulse width modulating signal PWM out was realized, processor and the peripheral hardware hardware that it is configured can also acquire DC power supply or electricity
All kinds of target components of pressure converter, are equivalent to data collector, because data acquisition equipment can capture these target component numbers
According to be it is very significant, such as calculated based on the general power of each battery pack string bus current and adjust busbar voltage and will
Various types of data is transmitted to cloud server as backup or for calling etc..Peripheral hardware hardware can be by photovoltaic in an alternate embodiment of the invention
Voltage and current, power and the temperature of component are adopted to a series of related specified target component information of generated energy etc.
Collection, such as voltage parameter are hard by peripheral hardwares such as temperature inductors by current sensor, temperature parameter by voltage sensor, current parameters
Part acquisition, light radiation intensity have optical sensor acquisition.It will be understood that the type of peripheral hardware hardware, which gets over multiprocessor, to be obtained
The parameter type relevant with photovoltaic module arrived is also more, but cost will increase so needing to trade off.In simpler implementation
In example, all kinds of target components can also include surrounding enviroment factor locating for the photovoltaic module that is detected by environment monitor
Data: environment temperature and humidity, wind speed, intensity of illumination and air pressure etc., it is seen that environment monitor is a kind of data of high integration
Collector.Electric pressure converter is each other by wireless communication or carrier communication can mutually pass data or electric pressure converter and inverse
Become between device INVT by wireless communication or carrier communication mutually passes data.
Referring to Fig. 1, the implementation method that this energy of solar energy is used effectively is converted including providing the voltage that quantity is N
The photovoltaic module that device and quantity are N, electric pressure converter CH1-CHN and photovoltaic module PV1-PVN carry out function in a manner of one-to-one
Rate conversion, natural number N > 1.One inverter for being converged to the output power of electric pressure converter CH1-CHN is provided
INVT, wherein for the busbar voltage V of inverter INVT power supplyBUSOutput voltage V respective equal to multiple electric pressure convertersO1+VO2
+…VONSuperposition value, inverter is conversion equipment of the direct current to alternating current.The inverter circuit of inverter is usually defeated in processor
The inversion of direct current to alternating current is executed under the driving of driving signal out, and processor is with the same function is equal to device
Part is such as: microprocessor, the gate array of logical device, control device, state machine, controller, chip, software-driven or plural number.It is inverse
Become device with control unit or processing unit or processor.The alternating current that inverter generates grid-connected can arrive power grid GRID or supply
AC load and local use.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment of the application, the photovoltaic generating system for the integrated energy storage function of providing is mainly
Attempt to carry out the absorption of electric energy and the reversed push of electric energy between DC bus LA-LB, so that photovoltaic generating system has function
Rate regulatory function is to cope with the power unstability of photovoltaic module.Already previously mentioned mistake: shadow occlusion and it is component aging with
And the external factor such as intensity of illumination and environment temperature, all the power of photovoltaic module can be caused unstable.The real-time function of photovoltaic module
Rate and the corresponding voltage of maximum power point are followed by the variation of external factor and change, and further cause photovoltaic generating system offer
Alternating current do not meet safety standard, negative effect is to cause to the impact of the power swing of power grid GRID, may exceed power grid
The scope range of the fluctuation of voltage being resistant to.Therefore the application needs the most basic problem solved to be that, makes traditional photovoltaic power generation
System increases energy storage section, copes with the power intervals fluctuation of photovoltaic module.Energy storage device in addition to available lead-acid battery and
Lithium battery, sodium-sulphur battery and vanadium flow battery etc., any power storage cell BAT are adapted to the application.Power storage cell is coupled to directly
The electric energy of storage is fed electric energy on DC bus as energy supply source or power storage cell is coupled to directly on stream bus
It flows on bus to draw electrical energy for storage on bus in power storage cell.Lead-acid accumulator, alkali in the application of power storage cell BAT
Property battery, lithium battery, super capacitor, they are respectively applied in different occasions or product, current application be most extensively plumbic acid store
Battery is derived many reworked power storage cell types, such as rich solution lead-acid battery, valve-control sealed lead acid battery, colloid electricity
Pond, lead-carbon battery etc..With fastest developing speed at present is lithium battery system, especially with ferric phosphate lithium cell and ternary lithium battery, that is, nickel
Cobalt manganic acid lithium battery (Li-Ni-Co-Mn) is used as Typical Representative.
Referring to Fig. 3, in one embodiment of the application, there is multistage in the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function
The photovoltaic module PV1-PVN and multilevel voltage converter CH1-CHN of series connection, wherein every voltage order one converter will be from
The electric energy that a corresponding photovoltaic module captures is converted into output power, and for example electric pressure converter CHN will be from right therewith
The electric energy that the photovoltaic module PVN answered is captured is converted into the output power of electric pressure converter CHN itself.The light of integrated energy storage function
Have in photovoltaic generating system and the output power execution power that multilevel voltage converter CH1-CHN is provided is converted and generates exchange
The inverter INVT of electricity.According to described previously, the respective output voltage of multilevel voltage converter CH1-CHN namely VO1To VONIt is folded
It is added on DC bus LA-LB and uses it as busbar voltage, actually busbar voltage is approximately equal to tandem voltage VBUS=VO1+
VO2+…VON.Bus capacitor C in certain embodimentsBUSIt is connected between two DC bus LA-LB, bus capacitor CBUSIt is big
Capacitance can effectively reduce the fluctuation of busbar voltage and realize the solution between the firm power of input and the fluctuating power of output
Coupling.As shown in figure 3, having the energy storage part of dynamic equilibrium direct current bus bar energy in the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function
Point, energy storage section includes two-way DC converter 80 and power storage cell BAT.Energy storage section dynamic equilibrium direct current bus bar energy
Design scheme is mainly reflected in: energy storage section is using the electric energy that power storage cell BAT is stored as energy supply source and to DC bus
It feeds electric energy or energy storage section on LA-LB the electric energy drawn from DC bus is stored in power storage cell BAT.So double
It is that the meaning of DC converter 80 or energy is stored into power storage cell BAT or is delivered energy to direct current
On bus, energy or power are two-way flows in the input side and outlet side of two-way DC converter 80.Bidirectional, dc transformation
Device 80 substantially also belongs to the scope of high frequency switch power SMPS, decompression Buck circuit, boosting Boost circuit, buck Buck-
Boost circuit and other mound gram converter cuk converter etc. are also applied for two-way DC converter 80, but two-way DC converter
It is compared with power optimization device namely electric pressure converter CH1-CHN above-mentioned, their operating mechanism is inconsistent, electric pressure converter
Effect is to realize that the effect of MPPT maximum power point tracking and two-way DC converter is then to realize to and fro flow of power.
Referring to fig. 4, the power of inverter input generally requires to keep constant but the power of its output is because of network voltage
All it is low frequency ac with electric current, causes containing two frequency multiplication pulsating quantities in the instantaneous power of inverse cascade, low frequency pulsating power makes inverse
Become grade input current and contain biggish twice of output voltage frequency AC compounent, so that the output electric current of prime electric pressure converter
There is low frequency pulsating, pulsating power is by electric pressure converter filter inductance and intermediate bus bar capacitor shared.If attempted more excellent
Decoupling between the firm power for realizing inverse cascade input of change and the fluctuating power of output, it is necessary to use energy storage scheme.?
In some embodiment of the application, the working mechanism of the energy storage section of dynamic equilibrium direct current bus bar energy is embodied in: counting
Photovoltaic module PV1-PVN at different levels provide to external power on the basis of, for example acquire first order photovoltaic module PV1 provide it is external
Power P 1, the external power P 2 that acquisition second level photovoltaic module PV2 is provided, and so on until the photovoltaic module of N grades of acquisition
The external power P N that PVN is provided.Has no doubt, what multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN was provided is equal to P1+P2+ to the sum of external power
The output power addition that P3+ ... PN=PT, rough calculation generally multilevel voltage converter CH1-CHN are respectively provided also is approximately equal to
PT actually slightly has Partial Power loss.Based on the reality that external factor causes photovoltaic module power to fluctuate, it is overall and
The speech input power that can perfectly match inverter required by power grid not always necessarily to the sum of external power PT,
Counter-measure is generally designed to: in multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN offer to the sum of external power PT lower than needed for alternating current
Energy storage section feeds electric energy on DC bus LA-LB when the predetermined power value PG wanted, here predetermined function required for alternating current
Rate value PG depends primarily on the demand of power grid or AC load, and predetermined power value substantially can if alternating current is determined
To be determined；Predetermined power required for alternating current is higher than to the sum of external power PT what multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN was provided
Energy storage section draws electric energy from DC bus LA-LB and is saved in power storage cell when value PG.In view of photovoltaic in photovoltaic plant
The unstability of power generation when the realtime power of photovoltaic module PV1-PVN mutates or transient state jumps, cloud, the shadow of the trees and is built
Building object and blocking etc. is all that fluctuation occurs for output power of photovoltaic module and luring for randomness draws factor, and energy storage section plays real-time benefit
The effect repaid and balance system power make great efforts to ensure and maintain the input power of inverse cascade close to predetermined function required for alternating current
Rate value.
Referring to fig. 4, it in one embodiment of the application, discloses and is suitable for being used cooperatively with two-way DC converter 80
Microprocessor 100 in each functional module for including at least: the given reference power of power storage cell BAT is divided by power storage cell
The value that is calculated of cell voltage VB be defined as the follow current value IR of two-way DC converter 80, therefore given refer to function
Rate is equal to follow current value IR divided by cell voltage VB by divider DIV.Here the meaning for calculating follow current value is
We need the control two-way DC converter 80 of active namely the actual output current IA of the two-way DC/DC converter of control to tend to
Equal to follow current value IR.Actual output current IA can carry out when detection and the overwhelming majority being inspection by current sensor
The inductive current of DC/DC converter is surveyed, the current-mode analog quantity needs that certain current sensor detects are counted by microprocessor
Wordization processing namely A/D conversion.In one embodiment of the application, the given reference power of power storage cell is substantially equal to more
Grade photovoltaic module PV1-PVN provide to the difference between predetermined power value PG required for the sum of external power PT and alternating current,
The excessive grade photovoltaic module PV1-PVN offer of by the agency of above is equal to P1+P2+P3+ ... PN=PT to the sum of external power, gives
Reference power be equal to PT subtract PG, it is necessary to notice to the sum of external power and it is non-continuous be more than or less than predetermined power value, meaning
PT subtract PG calculated result should with sign symbol namely characterize PT and PG size relation.Microprocessor 100 controls
The actual output electric current IA of two-way DC converter 80 tend to the mode equal to follow current value IR include: in order to reduce IA and
The dynamic response ability of error and responding power fluctuation of doing one's utmost to improve between IR, main scheme is converted based on bidirectional, dc
Device 80 to be monitored to pulse caused by the electric current PI controller that actual output current IA and follow current value IR are established wide
Degree modulated signal is used to drive two-way DC converter 80, and follow current value IR is set as by the electric current PI controller of single-level NFB
Given instruction value and deviation of the actual output current IA to follow current value IR for being also adjusted in synchronism two-way DC converter 80,
Inductive current, and the pulse width modulating signal according to caused by the deviation are regarded as when actual output current major part
PWM driving two-way DC converter 80 stage to reduce the deviation.In the industry cycle PI controller/adjuster refers to according to given
It enables value and real output value constitute control deviation, is made up of the ratio of deviation and integral linear combination in control process
So-called control amount, to controlled device, for example the actual output current IA is controlled.Wherein proportional control action: in proportion
Once there is deviation in the deviation of reaction controlling object, controlled device, and proportion adjustment fast reaction generates adjustment effect use immediately
To reduce deviation.Using biggish proportional action can accelerate adjust reduce error, but excessive proportionate relationship can make it is two-way
The stability of DC converter declines or even causes the unstable of current transformer.Wherein autocatalytic reset action: convert bidirectional, dc
Device system eliminates steady-state error and improves errorless margin.In the industry cycle so-called ratio, integral and the differential action are considered increasingly as having
There is preferable Rule adjusting and be used in combination, and forms pi regulator or PID regulator.Pi regulator or PID regulator it is defeated
Output, which is conveyed to PWM generation module, can produce desired target pwm signal, and pwm signal is again in turn for controlling power stage
The power switch tube of executing agency's for example two-way DC converter 80.In the application electric current PI controller first according to said deviations and
Output quantity D is generated, output quantity D passes to pulse width modulating signal caused by PWM generation module for driving bidirectional, dc
Converter 80, according to the deviation generate pulse width modulating signal PWM driving two-way DC converter 80 stage to
Reduce the deviation between IA-IR.
Referring to fig. 4, as foregoing teachings are sayed, describe PT subtract PG calculated result should with sign symbol namely
For characterizing the size relation of PT and PG, in certain embodiments, multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN provide to the sum of external power
The positive sign or negative sign of difference between PT and predetermined power value PG define follow current multiplied by the sizes values of follow current value IR
The direction of value；It is also assumed that the calculated result that PT subtracts PG was calculated divided by the cell voltage VB of power storage cell BAT
Value is defined as the follow current value IR of two-way DC converter 80, then follow current value is having between PT and PG difference just naturally
Number or negative sign.To sum up, the positive sign or negative sign of PT/PG difference define tracking electricity multiplied by the order of magnitude of follow current value
The direction of flow valuve: follow current value IR means that sense of current is from power storage cell in two-way DC converter 80 when being negative value
BAT flows to DC bus LA-LB, reflects that energy flows to DC bus from power storage cell；Follow current value IR anticipates when being positive value
Sense of current is that power storage cell BAT is flowed to from DC bus LA-LB in taste two-way DC converter 80, reflects energy from direct current
Bus flows to power storage cell.
Referring to Fig. 5, two-way DC converter 80 be DC/DC converter although belong to high frequency switch power SMPS scope but
Its optional topological structure is not restricted to specific type.Two-way DC converter 80 is preferably simultaneous with booster circuit and drop
Volt circuit.In an alternate embodiment of the invention: power switch Q1 and power switch Q2 are connected in series in the first of two-way DC converter
Between input node and the second input node, wherein the first input node is coupled to DC bus LA and corresponding second input
Node is coupled to DC bus LB, and the first output node of also setting two-way DC converter is being coupled to power storage cell BAT just
Pole and the second output node of two-way DC converter are coupled to the cathode of power storage cell BAT.Pay attention to power switch Q1 and power
Both switch Q2 are connected in the first interconnecting nodes X1, and inductance component L is then connected to the first interconnecting nodes of two-way DC converter
Between X1 and the first output node, and the second input node and the second output node are then directly coupled together.Optional but
In some nonessential embodiment: being connected with input capacitance C between the first input node and the second input node1, the first output
Output capacitance C is connected between node and the second output node2.Power switch typically has insulated gate bipolar transistor or partly leads
Body field effect transistor etc..Two-way DC converter 80 preferably simultaneous with reduction voltage circuit and booster circuit for example: energy is from change
The first input node and the second input node of parallel operation input side flow to the first output node of converter outlet side and second defeated
Egress, then reduction voltage circuit plays leading role, and both power switch Q1-Q2 constitute the decompression single armed of reduction voltage circuit BUCK, preceding
State PWM generation module offer pwm signal can be used for driving both complementary switch Q1-Q2 of reduction voltage circuit high frequency switch but they
Do not allow to be also turned on, usual pwm signal refers to the duty ratio of power switch Q1, power switch for the duty ratio of reduction voltage circuit
Q2 is synchronous freewheeling switch, and energy flows to power storage cell from DC bus in this embodiment.In other embodiments as a comparison
In, two-way DC converter 80 is preferably simultaneous with booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit: energy is defeated from the first of converter outlet side
At the first input node and the second input node for flowing to converter input side at egress and the second output node, then boost electricity
Leading role is played on road, and both aforementioned power switches Q1-Q2 constitute the boosting single armed of booster circuit Boost, and aforementioned PWM is produced
The pulse width modulating signal that raw module provides can be used for driving the complementary switch Q1-Q2 of booster circuit, both switch Q1-Q2 height
Frequency switches but they do not allow to be also turned on, and usual pwm signal refers to accounting for for power switch Q2 for the duty ratio of booster circuit
Sky compares and power switch Q1 is then synchronous freewheeling switch, and energy flows to DC bus from power storage cell in this embodiment.Power
Switching in the semiconductor structure of itself can be comprising parasitic anti-parallel diodes, in certain embodiments can directly will be external
Diodes in parallel to the both ends of power switch as equivalent anti-parallel diodes, the diode of reverse parallel connection generally also may be used
To provide the free wheeling path for flowing through the electric current in inductance component as continued flow component.
Referring to Fig. 5, in one embodiment of the application, follow current value IR sets two-way DC converter when being negative value
In boosting working condition namely power switch Q2 as main switch and power switch Q1 as continued flow switch.In the another of the application
In outer one embodiment, follow current value IR is that positive value setting two-way DC converter is in decompression working condition namely power is opened
Close Q1 as main switch and power switch Q2 as continued flow switch.In certain embodiments, two-way DC converter simultaneous with
Booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit, such as the DC/DC converter of Fig. 5, Boost circuit of boosting is in boosting in two-way DC converter 80
The duty ratio of duty ratio and decompression Buck circuit when two-way DC converter 80 is in decompression working condition when working condition
It is set as complementary each other, the duty ratio and decompression working condition condition of the power switch Q2 under the conditions of working condition of for example boosting
Under the duty ratio of power switch Q1 be set as complementary, in other words namely under the conditions of energy flows to DC bus from power storage cell
Power switch Q2 duty ratio and energy from DC bus flow to power storage cell under the conditions of the duty ratio of power switch Q1 set
For complementation.It must be noted that the duty ratio of the power switch Q2 under boosting condition and the power switch Q1 under pressure-lowering condition
It is only an optional embodiment that duty ratio, which is set as complementary, but is not the embodiment that must be used, for example under boosting condition
The duty ratio of power switch Q1 of the duty ratio if it is 0.7 and under pressure-lowering condition of power switch Q2 be set as 0.6, it is clear that
, the duty ratio of the power switch Q2 under boosting condition and the duty ratio of the power switch Q1 under pressure-lowering condition not there is
Complementary relationship.
Referring to Fig. 5, if DC/DC converter meets the duty ratio and decompression work of the power switch Q2 under boosting operating condition
Making the duty ratio of the power switch Q1 under status condition, there is complementary relationships, then may be used in the alternative embodiment of the application
To implement following scheme: the pressure drop that two-way DC converter 80 is coupled to the input side of DC bus LA-LB is higher than bidirectional, dc
When converter 80 is coupled to the pressure drop of the outlet side of power storage cell BAT, automatic trigger two-way DC converter enables decompression immediately
Circuit is by power storage to power storage cell BAT；When the pressure drop that two-way DC converter 80 is coupled to the input side of DC bus is low
When two-way DC converter 80 is coupled to the pressure drop of the outlet side of power storage cell BAT, then automatic trigger bidirectional, dc becomes immediately
Parallel operation 80, which enables booster circuit, will feed electric energy into DC bus.This has as nimble as a squirrel for adjusting the energy on DC bus
Dynamic responding speed and the energy compensating that can be realized intimate non-time delay.Two-way DC converter is coupled to DC bus
The pressure drop of the input side of LA-LB is substantially just equal to the voltage drop level between the first and second input nodes of input side, with
This simultaneously, the pressure drop that two-way DC converter is coupled to the outlet side of power storage cell BAT is substantially just equal to the first of outlet side
And the second voltage drop level between output node.
It is to be made based on Fig. 5 referring to Fig. 6, in the optional DC/DC converter of energy in bidirectional flow/bi-directional power conversion
Circuit modification: power switch Q1 and Q2 are connected between the first input node and the second input node, using the function of power tube
Rate switch Q3 and Q4 are then connected between the first output node and the second output node, wherein the first input node is coupled to direct current
Bus LA and corresponding second input node are coupled to DC bus LB, and still also set two-way DC converter first is defeated
Egress is coupled to the anode of power storage cell BAT and the second output node of two-way DC converter is coupled to power storage cell BAT
Cathode, the second input node and the second output node are then directly coupled together.Power switch in two-way DC converter
Both Q1 and Q2 are connected in both interconnecting nodes X1 and power switch Q3 and Q4 and are connected in other interconnecting nodes X2, also exist
Main inductance device L is connected between DC/DC converter the first interconnecting nodes X1 and the second interconnecting nodes X2.In optional embodiment
In: energy flows to the first output of converter outlet side from the first input node and the second input node of converter input side
At node and the second output node, the switch Q1-Q2 of the single armed of the BUCK decompression of prime is used it as and as rear class BOOST's
The buck-boost type circuit namely BUCK-BOOST circuit of the switch Q3-Q4 composition positive polarity of boosting single armed are compared with Fig. 5, energy
From bus flow to power storage cell under conditions of circuit be provided simultaneously with decompression and boosting power conversion capability and also be H bridge type
's.If converter work can directly be continuously turned on switch Q4 in BUCK state and persistently turn off switch Q3, function is only driven
Rate switch Q1 and Q2 high frequency is alternately switched on, it is meant that power converts BUCK circuit can independent work；If converter works
Switch Q1 can be directly continuously turned in BOOST state and persistently turns off switch Q2, only driving power switch Q3 and Q4 high frequency
Alternating is switched on, it is meant that the BOOST circuit of power conversion can independent work.
Referring to Fig. 6, in an alternate embodiment of the invention: energy is saved from the first output node of converter outlet side and the second output
At the first input node and the second input node for flowing to converter input side at point, the list of the BUCK decompression of prime is used it as
The switch Q3-Q4 of arm and as rear class BOOST boosting single armed switch Q1-Q2 form positive polarity buck-boost type circuit namely
BUCK-BOOST circuit is compared with Fig. 5, energy from power storage cell flow to bus under conditions of circuit be provided simultaneously with decompression and rise
The power conversion capability of pressure and be H bridge type.If converter work can directly be continuously turned on switch Q1 in BUCK state
And switch Q2 is persistently turned off, only driving power switch Q4 and Q3 high frequency is alternately switched on, it is meant that power converts BUCK electricity
It road can independent work；If converter work can directly be continuously turned on switch Q4 in BOOST state and persistently turn off switch Q3,
Only driving power switch Q2 and Q1 high frequency is alternately switched on, it is meant that the BOOST circuit of power conversion can independent work.Before
The two-way DC converter that can equally be well applied to Fig. 6 for the every technical characteristic or technical solution of Fig. 3-5 that text is recorded.
Referring to Fig. 6, in conjunction with the embodiment of earlier figures 3-5, in an alternate embodiment of the invention: needing while detecting bidirectional, dc change
The size of the pressure drop of the pressure drop and outlet side of parallel operation input side, while determining the sign of follow current value IR, only meet double
The pressure drop for being coupled to the input side of DC bus LA-LB to DC converter 80 is higher than two-way DC converter 80 and is coupled to electric power storage
When the pressure drop of the outlet side of battery BAT, also meet follow current value IR be positive number when, just trigger two-way DC converter enable drop
Volt circuit is by power storage to power storage cell；Or it ought only meet two-way DC converter 80 and be coupled to DC bus LA-LB
Input side the pressure drop outlet side that is coupled to power storage cell BAT lower than two-way DC converter 80 pressure drop when, also meet with
When track current value IR is negative, DC bus will be fed electric energy by just triggering two-way DC converter enabling booster circuit；More than
The duty ratio and reduction voltage circuit that situation may be selected to allow booster circuit when two-way DC converter is in boosting working condition are double
Duty ratio when being in from decompression working condition to DC converter is set as complementary each other.Such advantage is to ensure quickly
Respond under the premise of changed power, avoids the mistake of power from flowing on DC bus, wrong power compensation side on DC bus
To impact of the grid-connected alternating current to utility grid may be aggravated.It is further taken flat as the embodiment based on Fig. 3-6
The measure of slow DC bus, electric pressure converter CH1-CHN at different levels are positive polarity (namely the polarity phases of output voltage and input voltage
The buck-boost type BUCK-BOOST circuit similar to Fig. 6 together).Have as the realtime power for dealing with photovoltaic module output larger
Fluctuation and randomness scheme, it is necessary to the work of the high measure of execution priority namely first monitoring voltage converter CH1-CHN
Make state, it is then first immediately when any one or more converters in electric pressure converter CH1-CHN enter BUCK decompression mode
Row triggering energy storage section feeds electric energy on DC bus, ignore that multistage photovoltaic module provides this moment to the sum of external power and friendship
The relationship between predetermined power value that galvanic electricity needs, then implements following scheme again: providing in multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN
Energy storage section feeds electric energy on DC bus when to the sum of external power PT lower than predetermined power value PG required for alternating current, or
In energy storage when being higher than predetermined power value PG required for alternating current to the sum of external power PT that multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN is provided
Electric energy is drawn from bus in part.There is biggish fluctuation and randomness as the realtime power for dealing with photovoltaic module output
Scheme is still the working condition of the high measure of execution priority namely monitoring voltage converter CH1-CHN, when all voltage
When converter CH1-CHN is detected into BOOST boost mode then immediately in advance triggering energy storage section from DC bus
Draw electric energy, ignore that multistage photovoltaic module provides this moment to the PT of external power and with predetermined power value PG required for alternating current
Between relationship, then implement following scheme again: multistage photovoltaic module CH1-CHN provide to the sum of external power PT lower than hand over
Energy storage section feeds electric energy on DC bus when predetermined power value PG required for galvanic electricity, or in multistage photovoltaic module CH1-
Energy storage section when being higher than predetermined power value PG to the sum of external power PT that CHN is provided draws electric energy from DC bus.With top
Case can be applied in the embodiment of Fig. 3-6 and the further power swing of gentle DC bus whereby.
Referring to Fig. 6, the application solves the problems, such as to be to overcome the intermittence and uncertain feature of light irradiation resource, do one's utmost for
Load provides continual and steady power supply, and electric energy is stored or discharged using energy-storage system, reduces weather or component itself product
Matter and photovoltaic module are positioned against the negative effects of the factors to the photovoltaic generating system such as distribution, stablize for power consumer and supply
Electricity and the reliability and power quality for guaranteeing power supply, improve the energy management efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.Since photovoltaic module is defeated
Maximum power out is determined by intensity of sunshine, output power have randomness and violent fluctuation, and it is this with
Uncontrollable characteristic of machine, has very high probability to cause biggish impact to power grid, it is also possible to make to the operation of some important loads
At negative impact.Energy storage device then can make up for it this disadvantage of photovoltaic generating system, and running is exported to the photo-voltaic power supply
Power so that energy storage is had a certain range of power regulation effect under peak load shifting, the working mechanism that flat wave inhibits, work as power generation
When amount is greater than electricity consumption, remaining electric energy charges to energy storage device, stores；Energy storage dress is recalled when generated energy is not enough
It sets and the electric energy of storage can be released, supplement the deficiency of power generation.When photovoltaic power generation mutates, energy storage device also can
Play the role of real-time compensation, balance system output power.
Above by description and accompanying drawings, the exemplary embodiments of the specific structure of specific embodiment, foregoing invention are given
Existing preferred embodiment is proposed, but these contents are not intended as limiting to.For a person skilled in the art, in reading
State it is bright after, various changes and modifications undoubtedly will be evident.Therefore, appended claims, which should be regarded as, covers the present invention
True intention and range whole variations and modifications.The range and content of any and all equivalences in Claims scope
It is all considered as still belonging to the intent and scope of the invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function characterized by comprising
Multistage photovoltaic module and the multilevel voltage converter of series connection, wherein every voltage order one converter will be from right therewith
The electric energy that the photovoltaic module answered captures is converted into output power；
The output power execution power that multilevel voltage converter provides is converted and generates the inverter of alternating current；
The respective output voltage of multilevel voltage converter is added on DC bus and uses it as busbar voltage；
The energy storage section of dynamic equilibrium direct current bus bar energy is lower than exchange to the sum of external power what multistage photovoltaic module provided
Energy storage section feeds electric energy on DC bus when predetermined power value required for electricity, or in the external of multistage photovoltaic module offer
Energy storage section draws electric energy from DC bus when the sum of power is higher than predetermined power value required for alternating current.
2. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Every voltage order one converter is also used to exist in the output electric current of a corresponding photovoltaic module and output voltage setting
At maximum power point.
3. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Energy storage section includes two-way DC converter and power storage cell, and energy storage section is using the electric energy that power storage cell stores as energy
Source of supply and feed electric energy or energy storage section on DC bus and the electric energy of absorption be stored in power storage cell.
4. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The given reference power of power storage cell is defined as bidirectional, dc divided by the value that the cell voltage of power storage cell is calculated
The follow current value of converter, and the actual output current for controlling two-way DC converter tends to be equal to follow current value.
5. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The given reference power of power storage cell be equal to that multistage photovoltaic module provides to the sum of external power with required for alternating current
Difference between predetermined power value.
6. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The actual output current of control two-way DC converter tends to be equal to the mode of follow current value to include: based on bidirectional, dc
Pulse width modulating signal caused by the electric current PI controller that the actual output current and follow current value of converter are established
For driving two-way DC converter；
Follow current value is set as given instruction value and is also adjusted in synchronism the reality of two-way DC converter by electric current PI controller
Electric current is exported to the deviation of follow current value, the pulse width modulating signal generated according to the deviation is in driving bidirectional, dc transformation
The stage of device is to reduce the deviation.
7. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
The positive sign or negative sign to the difference between the sum of external power and predetermined power value that multistage photovoltaic module provides be used for multiplied by
The size of follow current value defines the direction of follow current value:
Sense of current is to flow to DC bus from power storage cell in two-way DC converter when follow current value is negative value；
Sense of current is to flow to power storage cell from DC bus in two-way DC converter when follow current value is positive value.
8. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
Two-way DC converter is simultaneous with booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit, and setting bidirectional, dc becomes when follow current value is negative value
Parallel operation is in boosting working condition, and follow current value is that positive value setting two-way DC converter is in decompression working condition.
9. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
Two-way DC converter is in boosting in two-way DC converter simultaneous with booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit, booster circuit
The duty ratio of duty ratio and reduction voltage circuit when working condition when two-way DC converter is in decompression working condition each other it
Between be set as complementary.
10. the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:
The pressure drop that two-way DC converter is coupled to the input side of DC bus is higher than two-way DC converter and is coupled to electric power storage electricity
When the pressure drop of the outlet side in pond, triggering two-way DC converter enables reduction voltage circuit for power storage to power storage cell；And
The pressure drop that two-way DC converter is coupled to the input side of DC bus is coupled to electric power storage electricity lower than two-way DC converter
When the pressure drop of the outlet side in pond, triggering two-way DC converter, which enables booster circuit, will feed electric energy into DC bus.
11. a kind of method of the dynamic equilibrium electric energy in the photovoltaic generating system of integrated energy storage function, it is characterised in that photovoltaic hair
Electric system has a multilevel voltage converter of multistage photovoltaic module and series connection, and every voltage order one converter will be from right therewith
The electric energy that the photovoltaic module answered captures is converted into output power；Photovoltaic generating system also has to multilevel voltage converter
The output power of offer executes power and converts and generate the inverter of alternating current, and the respective output electricity of multilevel voltage converter
Laminated is added on DC bus and uses it as busbar voltage；The described method includes:
Compare the size to the sum of external power and predetermined power value required for alternating current that multistage photovoltaic module provides；
When meeting that multistage photovoltaic module provides to the sum of external power lower than predetermined power value required for alternating current, using mentioning
The energy storage section of confession feeds electric energy on DC bus；Or
Meeting that multistage photovoltaic module provides when being higher than predetermined power value required for alternating current to the sum of external power, using mentioning
The energy storage section of confession draws electric energy from DC bus；Whereby
Energy handle up dynamically using energy storage section come the energy fluctuation on smooth DC bus.
12. according to the method for claim 11, it is characterised in that:
Every voltage order one converter is also used to exist in the output electric current of a corresponding photovoltaic module and output voltage setting
At maximum power point.
13. according to the method for claim 11, it is characterised in that:
Energy storage section includes two-way DC converter and power storage cell, and the method for energy of dynamically handling up includes:
The electric energy of absorption is stored in power storage cell or energy storage section using the electric energy that power storage cell stores as energy by energy storage section
It measures source of supply and feeds electric energy on DC bus.
14. according to the method for claim 13, it is characterised in that:
Energy storage section adjusts absorption in energy process of handling up or the method for the performance number size fed includes:
Acquire that multistage photovoltaic module respectively provides to external power and calculate that multistage photovoltaic module provides to the sum of external power
With the difference between predetermined power value required for alternating current；
The given reference power of power storage cell is defined as divided by the value that the cell voltage of power storage cell is calculated two-way straight
The given reference power of the follow current value of current converter, power storage cell is equal to the difference；
The actual output current of control two-way DC converter tends to be equal to follow current value.
15. according to the method for claim 14, it is characterised in that:
The actual output current of control two-way DC converter tends to be equal to the mode of follow current value to include: based on bidirectional, dc
Pulse width modulating signal caused by the electric current PI controller that the actual output current and follow current value of converter are established
For driving two-way DC converter；
Follow current value is set as given instruction value and is also adjusted in synchronism the reality of two-way DC converter by electric current PI controller
Electric current is exported to the deviation of follow current value, the pulse width modulating signal generated according to the deviation is in driving bidirectional, dc transformation
The stage of device is to reduce the deviation.
16. according to the method for claim 14, it is characterised in that:
The direction of follow current value is defined multiplied by the size of follow current value using the positive sign or negative sign of the difference:
Sense of current is to flow to DC bus from power storage cell in two-way DC converter when follow current value is negative value；
Sense of current is to flow to power storage cell from DC bus in two-way DC converter when follow current value is positive value.
17. according to the method for claim 16, it is characterised in that:
Two-way DC converter is set simultaneous with booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit, judges that two-way DC converter enables boosting electricity
Road or the mode for enabling reduction voltage circuit are as follows:
Judge that two-way DC converter is then driven to be in boosting working condition when follow current value is negative value；
Judge that two-way DC converter is then driven to be in decompression working condition when follow current value is positive value.
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