CN108386467A - Multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure and its pressure-bearing grillage - Google Patents
Multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure and its pressure-bearing grillage Download PDFInfo
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- CN108386467A CN108386467A CN201810445118.3A CN201810445118A CN108386467A CN 108386467 A CN108386467 A CN 108386467A CN 201810445118 A CN201810445118 A CN 201810445118A CN 108386467 A CN108386467 A CN 108386467A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3807—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type characterised by adaptations for particular modes of stressing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3835—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type characterised by the sleeve of elastic material, e.g. having indentations or made of materials of different hardness
Abstract
The invention belongs to pressure resistance or pressure-bearing or field of support structures more particularly to a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure and its pressure-bearing grillages.It elastic material can be used to make support pressure resistance or bearing structure based on the structure, improve whole pressure-resistant bearing capacity and structure is avoided to destroy；Elastic material or the moulding bearing structure (bridge, tablet etc.) for making both-end constraint can be used based on the structure, during intermediate pressure-bearing, it is thinning that Auxiliary support line on upper bottom support surface can keep out bearing structure section thickness, prevent bearing structure from fractureing, improve its bearing capacity, enhancing protection and the buffer structure of plastic material making can be used based on the structure, have the characteristics that light quality but intensity is high, moment impact is effectively avoided to destroy and the problems such as buffer structure follow-up depression of bearing force.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pressure-bearing or field of support structures more particularly to a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio spaces
Lattice structure and its pressure-bearing grillage.
Background technology
In our common materials, the range of Poisson's ratio (Poisson's ratio), most of is all 0
To between 0.5, however the Poisson's ratio of most of material is then between 0.2 to 0.4.However, however it remains have a small number of materials
Expect the property with negative poisson's ratio (negative Poisson ' s ratio), such as：Monocrystalline sulphide ore (single crystal
Pyrite Poisson's ratio) is -0.14.Meanwhile from the viewpoint of theory, the special nature of negative poisson's ratio early in nineteen sixty-eight by
B.M.L is proved using elastic strain energy is theoretical, with Poisson's ratio ranging from -1 ＜ v ＜ 0.5 of tropism Materials.Rather than with tropism material
The Poisson's ratio range of material then has to comply with：vij≤(Ei/Ej)/2 and vijEj=vjiEiCondition.Traditional material is when along a side
To when stretching, cross section can reduce with stretching.And for negative poisson's ratio material, cross section can increase with stretching.
It is inspired by above-mentioned physical phenomenon, the multilayer materials of appropriate angle are symmetrically arranged by people, due to leading between each layer
Make and use, just can cause the Negative poisson's ratio in thickness direction, the negative poisson's ratio effect of this kind of material also it is non-itself
Material character, but due to the multiple layering effect between composite thin plate.Such as application No. is 201310566039.5 one kind
Negative Poisson ratio structural component provides a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure for bushing, suspension and buffer stopper etc., has preferable
Load rigidity and dynamic characteristics, but its is simple in structure, and whole load capacity is limited, and is only applicable to the load of single direction
Processing, can not applications well under complicated applied force environment.
Pressure-bearing grillage is the structure frequently involved in daily life, for the various aspects such as buffering, protecting, is tied for mitigating
Structure quality, the purpose for improving structural behaviour, people devise diversified product and structure, but with the needs of real life
And the continuous improvement that people require properties of product, existing structure or its performance of product or usage experience can not increasingly expire
The requirement of sufficient user, especially traditional pressure-bearing grillage for designing or manufacturing by principles such as integral, flexible deformations, by
Deform that larger, limit load is relatively low after power, once more than its deformation or bearing capacity, it will recurring structure or material are broken
It is bad, at the same in structure partial stress can not effective distractive load, therefore common bearing structure and product part frequent occurrence
Or the problems such as crimp of internal structure material, destruction, it is proposed to solve the above problems, people are inspired by negative poisson's ratio characteristic
Many structures with negative poisson's ratio performance, such as application No. is 201310566039.5 one kind that for vehicle etc., other are answered
Negative poisson's ratio structure in has the characteristics that light weight, at low cost, nonlinear dynamic response is good, but it is mainly used for improving
The bearing strain ability of single direction, it is good along load force directional performance, but multidirectional stress can not be coped with, and
Laser intensity is relatively low, and when stress deforms excessive, causes centainly to adversely affect to the stability of loading end；Application No. is
A kind of 201610928511.9 three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio periodic porous material for fields such as chemical industry, medical treatment, military affairs, tool
There are multiphase negative poisson's ratio characteristic and energy consumption and sound-absorbing effect, but due to its architectural characteristic, in loading process, first kind list
The cross structure of the levels of body structure can be close to each other, and the arcuate structure of surrounding can curve inwardly, and the second class monomer structure
Levels cross structure can be located remotely from each other, arcuate structure can be then bent outwardly, cause the direction of structure change between each layer with
And deflection is different, first kind cross structure close to each other is since its is closely spaced, and the deformation space left is not
Foot, is easy to happen inside first kind monomer structure even at the cost of one's life, and the second class monomer structure still has the uneven existing of moderate finite deformation space
As in practical application, Multi-layer structure member interaction force is complicated, load is unevenly distributed, above-mentioned deformation and spatial distribution
Limitation be easy to cause the ability that overall structure loses its bearing strain, utilization rate difference between each monomer structure and each layer
Excessive, malformation and discontinuity cannot efficiently use whole resources, therefore load is larger, load situation is complicated
In the case of cannot preferably realize expected technique effect.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is, provides a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, and
Apply the pressure-bearing grillage of the structure.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, which is characterized in that including at least one monomer
Structure, monomer structure by top and bottom two supporting surfaces parallel to each other, and according to ring between two supporting surfaces
The equally distributed multiple joint faces of shape array surround, and the central axis of annular array is in two supporting surfaces；Supporting surface and two
It is crossed to form supporting point between adjacent and intersection joint face, supporting surface is surrounded by all supporting points positioned at the face；Joint face
Four supporting points formed on two supporting surfaces by the intersecting lens of the joint face and adjacent another two joint face surround；Even
In junction, supporting point internally extends supporting rod to monomer structure, and gold is formed with joint face after multiple supporting rod other end intersections
Word tower structure；On the support surface, supporting point internally extends supporting rod to monomer structure, after multiple supporting rod other end intersections
Pyramidal structure is formed with joint face.
A kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, which is characterized in that including at least one monomer
Structure, monomer structure by top and bottom two supporting surfaces parallel to each other, and according to ring between two supporting surfaces
The equally distributed multiple joint faces of shape array surround, and the central axis of annular array is in two supporting surfaces；Supporting surface and two
It is crossed to form supporting point between adjacent and intersection joint face, supporting surface is surrounded by all supporting points positioned at the face；Joint face
Four supporting points formed on two supporting surfaces by the intersecting lens of the joint face and adjacent another two joint face surround；Even
In junction, supporting point internally extends supporting rod to monomer structure, and gold is formed with joint face after multiple supporting rod other end intersections
Word tower structure.
The present invention a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, have excellent physical property with
Using effect, including：1, Negative poisson's ratio is realized using its special monomer structure；2, the limit load energy of structure is improved
Power, structure Material shrinkage after by pressure, overall construction intensity enhancing；3, optimize properties.In the controlled stress in boundary
Under environment, deformability when effectively improving sandwich plate pressure-bearing and cross section the moment of inertia, pyramid structure is during tension
Generation extends out trend, effectively degree thinning after reduction sandwich plate tension.Initial stiffness of the negative poisson's ratio material in elastic region is small
Rigidity enhancement effect is generated in positive Poisson ratio material, and as strain increases, higher plateau stress is finally obtained, has stronger
Energy absorption capability.
It should be pointed out that above two scheme uses identical mentality of designing, structure is similar, but due to its presence
The relationship of upper and lower two pyramid structures so that the scope of application and application method of two kinds of lattice structures have differences, first,
Top and bottom there is no the lattice structure of pyramid structure be adaptive to bear perpendicular to supporting surface active force and bottom have
The situation of support, the structure change feature embodied using its negative poisson's ratio performance improve space hold, optimize malformation energy
Power improves flexibility and the stability of existing structure.Second, there are two the lattice structures of pyramid structure more to fit for top and bottom tool
The laminboard layer of the beams/platy structures such as sandwich plate, supporting beam, the bearing plate that cooperation is both ends tension, supporting surface is pressurized.When dot matrix knot
When the tension of structure both ends, there is the trend extended out in the pyramid structure of upper bottom support surface, so that structure is had resistance thickness direction thinning
Ability.Above-mentioned two conceptual design principle communicates, but its physical characteristic utilized has differences, use occasion and embodiment
Effect is also different, is two discrepant schemes of tool under the same inventive concept.
Further include to advanced optimizing for said program, in pyramidal structure, the equal length of supporting rod.Supporting rod
Pyramid structure (positive polygonal pyramidal) making easy to process of equal length and force analysis characteristic, by perpendicular to list
Physical characteristic is good under the outer force effect of each end face of body structure, suitable for bearing single or symmetrical loading structure, for example (,) it is common
Either vertically or horizontally support construction, including pull rod, bearing platform etc..
Further include to advanced optimizing for said program, in the pyramidal structure on any one joint face, endpoint
Supporting rod equal length on same intersecting lens (intersection of two phase connecting surfaces), endpoint are located on different intersecting lenses
Pole length is supported to differ 0.05L1~0.95L1, wherein L1Refer to intersecting shape by adjacent connection surfaces in corresponding pyramidal structure
At side length.According to actual use experience, to monomer structure in continu to press until during limited compression, gold
Word tower structure is close to each other, material deformation failure is generated after finally may mutually being resisted at pinnacle of a pagoda, therefore in certain journey
Integrally-built deformability is limited on degree, the supporting bar structure not waited by the way that length is arranged can make pyramidal structure
It is mutually avoided in compression process, improves the overall deformation ability of structure, improve the compression ratio and bearing capacity of structure.
Further include to advanced optimizing for said program, including multiple monomer structures, after monomer structure elder generation array distribution again
Stratiform is superimposed, and arbitrary neighbouring monomer structure shares a supporting surface；The adjacent monomer structure in arbitrary back and forth or left and right
Share a joint face.Single lattice structure is unfavorable for actually using, the more body lattice structures formed after array is superimposed
The Negative poisson's ratio of monomer structure can be further played, improves whole physical characteristic, is suitable for more complicated stress ring
Border is preferably met the actual needs.
It further include, including multiple monomer structures the monomer structure linear array column distribution to advanced optimizing for said program
Stratiform is superimposed again afterwards, and in pyramidal structure, and the intersection point of pyramidal vertex, that is, supporting rod is along perpendicular to pyramid bottom surface side
To extending connecting rod, and forwards, backwards or left and right extends to the pyramidal vertex on adjacent monomer structure.Use connecting rod
The bonding strength between adjacent monomer structure can be improved, while improving deformation and recovery of the overall structure by external impacts when
Ability can improve whole anti-extrusion and distortional ability relative to aforementioned schemes.
A kind of pressure-bearing grillage of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, including multiple monomer structures,
Stratiform is superimposed again after monomer structure elder generation array distribution, and the supporting rod is made of elasticity or plasticity connecting rod, wherein each supporting rod
Or the point of intersection on side is fixedly connected.Pressure-bearing grillage based on aforesaid space lattice structure, by using elasticity or plasticity connecting rod
Make supporting rod so that pressure-bearing can realize physical characteristic expected from lattice structure, while using elasticity or plastic material, also
Bearing plate frame can be made to obtain the using effect of different emphasis：Elastic material has stronger recoverable force ability, in conjunction with
Aforementioned lattice structure being capable of enlargement deformation range and ultimate bearing capacity；The pressure-bearing grillage that plastic material makes is suitable for resisting
Impact so that pressure-bearing grillage has the similar performance of non-newtonian liquid, the destruction of grillage when effectivelying prevent moment impact.
A kind of pressure-bearing grillage of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, including multiple monomer structures,
Stratiform is superimposed again after monomer structure elder generation array distribution, and the supporting point on the supporting surface passes sequentially through elasticity or plasticity connecting rod phase
Even constitute polygonal frame.Supporting surface is enabled to obtain resistance capacity to deformation using polygonal frame, on bearing structure then
It shows as deforming caused by capable of resisting every external force parallel with supporting surface, while in load bearing process, upper bottom support surface
Area will not change, and ensure that enough bearing area, to improve supporting ＆ stablizing degree.
A kind of pressure-bearing grillage of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, including multiple monomer structures,
Stratiform is superimposed again after monomer structure elder generation array distribution, and the outside of the supporting rod is provided with high polymer elastic layer.High polymer elastic
Layer can improve resistance to deformation and the bursting stress of rod structure, constantly compress in lattice structure, is mutual between each rod structure
In extrusion process, elastic layer can be deformed therewith to disperse local stress, reduce the possibility that bearing structure is destroyed, and improve pole
Limit bearing capacity.
A kind of pressure-bearing grillage of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, including multiple monomer structures,
Stratiform is superimposed again after monomer structure elder generation array distribution, and the inside of the monomer structure is filled with elastic filler.Elastic material can be with
Improve internal stress, improves local stress distribution, further increase the bearing capacity of pressure-bearing grillage.
Advantage is：
Multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure provided by the invention and its pressure-bearing grillage have good
Physical characteristic and be widely applied foreground；Including：
Elastic material can be used to make support bearing structure based on the structure, it can using interaction between supporting rod
The ability for effectively improving pressure-bearing, fully dispersed structural stress during malformation, overall structure is in negative pool after deformation
Loose ratio characteristic, support construction is to deformation on the inside of lattice structure, by improving the density of material at high stress position, to improve entirety
Bearing capacity；
Elasticity or plastic material can be used to make the bearing structure (beam, tablet etc.) of boundary constraint based on the structure,
During lateral pressure-bearing, it is thinning that the supporting rod on upper bottom support surface can keep out bearing structure section thickness, it improves it and holds
Pressure energy power.
It plastic material can be used to make enhancing protection and buffer structure based on the structure, there is light quality but intensity is high
The characteristics of, it can generate a certain amount of deformation in the moment of contact impact to buffer instant impact, it is internal during malformation
Structure makes buffer structure collapse after mutually squeezing, and the relative density at high stress position is continuously increased, and buffer structure intensity gradually carries
Height, the effect realized dynamic buffering, offset impact force step by step can effectively avoid moment impact destruction and buffer structure follow-up
The problems such as depression of bearing force.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of monomer lattice structure schematic diagram in embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is a kind of improved structure schematic diagram of monomer lattice structure in embodiment one；
Fig. 3 is another improved structure schematic diagram of monomer lattice structure in embodiment one；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram in another angle of the monomer structure of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is more body lattice structure schematic diagrames in embodiment two；
Fig. 6 is another improved structure schematic diagram of more body lattice structures in embodiment two；
Fig. 7 is the emulation that more body lattice structures are arranged to load applying mode when being pressurized with boundary in z in embodiment two
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 be in embodiment two more body lattice structures in z to the Aberration nephogram after compression；
Fig. 9 is the emulation of load applying mode of more body lattice structures when x is to tension and boundary setting in embodiment two
Schematic diagram；
Figure 10 be in embodiment two more body lattice structures in x to the Aberration nephogram after tension；
Figure 11 is load applying mode and boundary of more body lattice structures when z is to by limiting pressure load in embodiment two
The emulation schematic diagram of setting；
Figure 12 be in embodiment two more body lattice structures in z to the Aberration nephogram after by limiting pressure load；
Figure 13 is one of the stress that pressure-bearing grillage is constrained by three-dimensional in embodiment three and deformation tendency exploded view；
Figure 14 is the two of pressure-bearing grillage is constrained by three-dimensional in embodiment three stress and deformation tendency exploded view；
Figure 15 is the load applying mode of six face indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plates and side in embodiment three
The emulation schematic diagram of boundary's setting；
Figure 16 is the deformation result figure that structure applies after load in Figure 15；
Figure 17 is the load applying mode of four sides indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plate and side in embodiment three
The emulation schematic diagram of boundary's setting；
Figure 18 is the Aberration nephogram that structure applies after load in Figure 17；
Figure 19 be to six faces and four sides indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plate section thickness z to shrinkage with
The result figure that the deformation result of change in location is compared；
Figure 20 is the load applying mode of six face indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plates and side in embodiment three
The emulation schematic diagram of boundary's setting；
Figure 21 is the Aberration nephogram that structure applies after load in Figure 20；
Figure 22 is to plate below pyramid dot matrix sandwich plate and six face indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plates
The result figure that deformation result of the central point under multiple Uniform Loads is compared.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates to the invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
By in background technology it is found that as people are in the increase of various complex environments and application scenario demand, it is traditional
Bearing structure is not well positioned to meet actual demand, be mainly manifested in structural strength deficiency, discontinuity or by
It is difficult to ensure integrally-built stabilization when power complex, leads to structural failure, especially under the occasions such as some surge guards
Using when easy to produce expendable damage, it is poor to the repellence of impact.
Based on actual needs, the present invention proposes a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, and
A kind of pressure-bearing grillage is proposed based on the structure, to solve the deficiency of existing structure, in lattice structure of the invention at least
Including a monomer structure, and according to the actual application, structure or shape are formed after which is carried out array stack
The sandwich of more complicated more body lattice structures and pressure-bearing grillage.
It is introduced below in conjunction with specific implementation mode.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention a kind of monomer structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1, the structure by top and bottom
Two supporting surfaces parallel to each other, and enclosed according to the equally distributed multiple joint faces of annular array between two supporting surfaces
At the central axis of annular array is in two supporting surfaces；Intersect shape between supporting surface is adjacent with two and the joint face that intersects
At supporting point, supporting surface is surrounded by all supporting points (28a, 28b, 28c, 28d) positioned at the face；Joint face by the joint face with
Four supporting points (28a, 28A, 28b, 28B) that the intersecting lens of adjacent another two joint face is formed on two supporting surfaces are enclosed
At；On supporting surface and joint face, four supporting points successively to monomer structure internally extend supporting rod (29a, 29A, 29b,
29B), after the four supporting rod other end intersections pyramidal structure is formed with joint face.The multi-panel indent pyramid bears Poisson
There is good pressure-bearing and resistance capacity to deformation than monomer lattice structure, (stress point is clicked through by supporting in all directions stress
Row effect) in the case of can effective distractive load, bearing capacity is good, and anti-damage ability is preferable under moment impact.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of monomer structure similar with previous structure does not contain the pyramid being located on upper bottom support surface
Structure, both monomer structure applicable situations are different, although its basic structure differs only by two pyramid structures, physical characteristic
Difference is apparent, is mainly reflected in, and supporting surface is obtained without containing pyramidal monomer structure in the deformability on supporting surface
To release, therefore when by active force on supporting surface, larger deformation and recovery capability can be obtained, in list
Load performance can be more played when to stress or opposite stress (Impact direction is parallel opposite), as supporter, buffer layer
Etc. structures when using effect it is good；Supporting surface contain the maximum of pyramidal structure and previous structure the difference is that, two gold
Word tower structure makes monomer structure obtain the ability for preventing supporting surface expansion (supporting point is located remotely from each other), which enables to this
Monomer structure and grillage (such as sandwich plate, the support plate, bridge structure) energy in end face stress for applying the monomer structure
It is enough effectively to avoid thickness direction thinning, structure partial deformation is reduced, the overall stability of structure is improved.
In stress, will be moved to structure high stress position inside negative poisson's ratio lattice structure, Local Instantaneous relative density
It can become larger, the stronger ability for resisting deformation can be shown, to generate higher resistance to indentation.In the present embodiment, support
Bar 29a, 29A, 29b, 29B constitutes pyramidal four edges, when the monomer structure is by load towards inside configuration, along carrying
Lotus direction, supporting rod is close to each other in monomer structure, such as when upper and lower directions bears the support of load bottom along Fig. 1, supporting point
28a, 28b are moved towards 28A, 28B respectively, and the angle between supporting rod 29a and 29A, 29b and 29B becomes smaller, 29a and 29b, 29A and
Angle between 29B becomes larger, and realizes negative poisson's ratio effect, therefore in the monomer structure by the load towards inside configuration, branch
The supporting rod of support face or joint face is kept away to internal material flow direction outside during monomer structure internal contraction pressure-bearing, is effectively prevent
Exempt from bearing structure and the thinned phenomenon that broadens occur, load is bigger in actual use, and structure high stress position relative density is higher, knot
Structure hardness strength higher, therefore the structure realizes the function of being automatically adjusted according to magnitude of load, is persistently protected under different loads
Demonstrate,prove stable support energy.
Particularly, in the present embodiment for the supporting point of endurance (supporting point 28a, 28b of upper and lower directions stress, 28c,
28d and supporting point 28A, 28B, 28C, 28D) the distance between can be automatically increased in the case of unrestricted, supporting surface face
Product also increases therewith.When by Contact -impact, supporting surface increases to connect the class formation of inside filling elastic filler
Contacting surface increases, and improves the bearing capacity and impact resistance of structure.
The another kind of one scheme of embodiment is improved, in this configuration, along on the supporting surface that load applies direction
Supporting point border structure is connected to form by bracing piece, bracing piece constitute frame limitation under, the area of supporting surface is not
It can change, except aforementioned use situation, which can improve structural limits load, enhance the energy of its resistance to deformation
Power.
To embodiment one to be further improved scheme as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, unlike previous embodiment scheme, at this
In monomer structure, each corresponding pyramid structure of joint face and asymmetrical positive pyramid structure, i.e., four supporting rods in figure
The advantages of length of 29a, 29A, 29b, 29B are not fully identical, the improvement project is, during structure compresses, golden word
The rod structure of tower can be avoided between each other, therefore can increase the compression stroke between supporting surface, make integrally-built deformation
Ability improves, and is adapted to the situation that load change range is larger or installation space is smaller.Particularly, in Fig. 4 supporting rod 29a with
29A equal lengths, the equal length of supporting rod 29b and 29B, but two groups of support pole lengths differ, and can be made by this kind of structure
It obtains pyramid deformation tilt to mutually stagger in the process, and overall structure stress is evenly, physical property is more preferable.
Embodiment two
It is that battle array is passed through by the monomer structure in multiple embodiments one based on more body lattice structures that above-mentioned monomer structure makes
It is made after row stacking.
As the supporting point of a kind of more body lattice structures of Fig. 5, adjacent monomer structure shares.More body lattice structures are more
It is adapted to bear the situation of active force and bottom with support perpendicular to supporting surface, be embodied using its negative poisson's ratio performance
Structure change feature improves space hold, optimizes malformation ability, improves flexibility and the stability of existing structure.It is based on
Elastic material can be used to make support bearing structure, fully dispersed structural stress during malformation, deformation for the structure
After overall structure be in negative poisson's ratio characteristic, support construction increases structure high stress position to deformation on the inside of lattice structure
Relative density and intensity improve the deformability of structure.
It further improving as shown in fig. 6, a kind of more body lattice structures, the supporting point of adjacent monomer structure shares,
And bottom edge overlap two pyramidal structures vertex by connecting rod 31a be connected, due to the presence of connecting rod, each monomer structure it
Between connection strengthened, according to actual needs, a variety of differences can be used in supporting rod and connecting rod in more body lattice structures
Material is processed making.Negative poisson's ratio characteristic is not only presented in the pressure-bearing grillage of the structure when by unidirectional load, can be with
Plate is made into applied in the structures such as bridge, supporting beam/plate, spandrel girder/plate, since its both ends is fixed, transverse direction by
It can be acted on by both ends pulling force when load, the pyramidal structure on framed plate structure thickness direction and its vertex (32a in such as figure,
32b) there is the trend being located remotely from each other, therefore generate and resist the thinning ability of thickness, can be carried in longer beam, plate structure
High intensity, to improve the bearing capacity of structure.
A kind of deformation to said program includes the pyramid in deleting upper bottom support surface in more body lattice structures
Shape structure and connecting rod, and the supporting point on supporting surface is connected with each other by bracing piece.It can be in bearing plate using the structure
Unified support plane connection structure is formed in frame, increases the cross section the moment of inertia of grillage, improves structure integral strength and resistance to compression
Ability, while keeping structure overall deformation more uniform.When the load change being applied on unified supporting surface, the pressure-bearing grillage is each
Layer smoothly can uniformly rise or fall, and improve structure stationarity.
Based on two content of embodiment, another attached emulation data verify partial content.
For ease of understanding the Negative poisson's ratio embodied when more body lattice structures compressions, tension and ultimate pressure capacity load,
Finite element modeling is carried out to above-mentioned part-structure using MSC.Patran, and finite element modelling is carried out using MSC.Nastran.Material
Material is linear elasticity constitutive model, elastic modulus E=210GPa, Poisson's ratio υ=0.3, density p=7850kg/m3。
For ease of illustration with calculate more body lattice structures and be pressurized the Negative poisson's ratio embodied, define the cellular construction (or
Multiple cellular constructions) negative poisson's ratio υzxFor the two opposite shrinkages of pyramid vertex in the x-direction on the directions x with structure in z
The negative value of the ratio between the decrement in direction.There are link mechanism and six face pyramids without uniformly being applied at the top of link mechanism in six face pyramids
The pressure point load along the total 10kN of z negative directions, bottom end is added to be set as fixed constraint, the Aberration nephogram of boundary condition setting and structure
It is as shown in Figure 7,8 respectively.In following figure, the directions x level is that just, the directions z are just vertically upward to the right.By the upper of two kinds of structures
Layer, the shrinkage, the directions z decrement and negative poisson's ratio of lower layer and overall structure in the directions x are included in table 1：
The shrinkage, the directions z decrement and negative poisson's ratio of 1 upper layer of table, lower layer and overall structure in the directions x
The Negative poisson's ratio embodied when being for ease of illustration pressurized with the more body lattice structures of calculating, defines the monomer dot matrix knot
The negative poisson's ratio υ of structure (or more body lattice structures)xzFor the amount of expansion in the z-direction of two opposite pyramid vertex on the directions z and knot
Negative value of the structure in the ratio between the elongation in the directions x.Similarly, finite element simulation (material parameter is same as above) is carried out to structure.
There are link mechanism and six face pyramids without the pulling force point for uniformly applying total 10kN on the left of link mechanism along x negative senses in six face pyramids
Load, right side are set as fixed constraint.Boundary condition is arranged with the Aberration nephogram of structure difference as shown in Figures 9 and 10.Two kinds are tied
The amount of tension, the directions z amount of expansion and negative poisson's ratio of the left layer of structure, right layer and overall structure in the directions x are included in table 2：
The amount of tension, the directions z amount of expansion and negative poisson's ratio of 2 left layer of table, right layer and overall structure in the directions x
For ease of illustration with the ultimate bearing capacity of calculating structure, definition unit mass ultimate bearing load is structural limits
The token state of bearing capacity.Finite element simulation (material parameter is same as above) is carried out to structure.To six face pyramids, whether there is or not even
Apply a certain speed along z negative directions at the top of bar lattice structure, bottom end is set as fixed constraint, as shown in Figure 10.When in structure
When the strain of certain unit reaches 0.3, it is believed that the corresponding site of the element failure, i.e. structure is destroyed, and structure stress is at this time
Ultimate load.Calculate the unit mass ultimate bearing load of two kinds of structures is respectively 110.479kN/kg, 99.126kN/kg.
Condition setting and its Aberration nephogram under structural limits state are respectively as shown in Figure 11, Figure 12.The ultimate load number of two kinds of structures
According to as shown in the table
The ultimate load data of 3 two kinds of structures of table
| Ultimate load/kN | Quality/kg | Unit mass ultimate bearing load/kN/kg | |
| Six face pyramids have link mechanism | 13.147 | 0.119 | 110.479 |
| Six face pyramids are without link mechanism | 11.003 | 0.111 | 99.126 |
Based on above-mentioned principle and structure, the present invention also provides a variety of lattice structures and its pressure-bearing grillages.
Embodiment three
The physical characteristic for the pressure-bearing grillage that the present embodiment is used to illustrate that bottom support surface contains pyramid structure and its application
Range.
As shown in Figure 13,14, when the three-dimensional by top (z to) pressure and boundary (x, y to) fixed constraint acts on,
Pressure-bearing grillage based on aforementioned lattice structure can generate two kinds of deformation tendencies while bending, in overall structure to central compressed
While (Figure 13), to z to the trend (Figure 14) for generating expansion extension, which limits the supporting beam isostructural compression change
Shape is resisted thickness and is reduced, improves the cross section the moment of inertia of structure.It is deposited in six face indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plates
Two kinds of Negative poisson's ratios described in example two.
As shown in Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, with six faces and four sides indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix interlayer
Plate carries out finite element simulation, and beam element is used to beam column, and shell unit is used to upper and lower panel.The material parameter and embodiment of structure
Two is identical.Both sides are set as fixed constraint, apply 10Mpa uniform loads to top panel.Take in figure plate center shown in box and
Two monomer structures of edges of boards edge, respectively monomer 6A/4A and monomer 6B/4B.By two kinds of monomer structures x, z to shrinkage
Row such as the following table 4.(since upper and lower pyramid structure is not present in 4A, 4B, so z is not present to shrinkage)
The shrinkage of monomer structure in 4 six face of table and four sides indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plate
| 6A | 6B | 4A | 4B | |
| X is to shrinkage/mm | 0.011 | 0.008 | 0.013 | 0.1 |
| Z is to shrinkage/mm | 0.069 | 0.007 | / | / |
| υzx | -0.160 | -1.143 | / | / |
As seen from the above table, 6A, 6B generate Negative poisson's ratio, and because 6A is in plate at x, z to there is contraction
The heart, z is maximum to decrement, negative poisson's ratio υzxAlso minimum.6B and 4B is compared, the x of 6B is significantly less than 4B to shrinkage, illustrates that 6B is deposited
In lateral expansion, make monomer structure x to shrinkage reduce.
With sandwich plate z to shrinkage characterize structure lateral expansion ability, value with present position change curve
As shown in figure 19.The z of six face indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plates at various locations is consistently less than four to shrinkage
Face indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plate, this six face indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio dot matrix sandwich plate of explanation exist
Lateral expansion effect is to be effectively reduced the thinning degree of grillage.
Fully to study the ability of pressure-bearing grillage according to the present invention resistance to deformation under complex load effect, with existing
Sandwich plate and the pyramid dot matrix sandwich plate of the present invention are reference object, to deformation feelings of two kinds of sandwich plates under multiple pressure values
Condition carries out simulation study.10Mpa-100MPa uniform loads are applied to top panel, material parameter is with other boundary conditions and above
Unanimously.Boundary condition is arranged with Aberration nephogram as shown in Figure 20,21.
Following face plate center point z to displacement characterize grillage resistance capacity to deformation.Lower panel central point z to displacement
(deflection i.e. after stress) is as shown in figure 22 with the variation relation of load.It can be seen that six face provided by the invention indent
Pyramid negative poisson's ratio structure deflection under identical well-distributed pressure data is about the 34% of pyramid dot matrix sandwich plate, tool
There is the ability of better resistance to deformation.
On the basis of above-mentioned pressure-bearing grillage, the movement characteristic of deformation and internal structure when in conjunction with its stress, this hair
It is bright also to provide with further enhancing its physical characteristic so that it obtains the optimal technical scheme of better application effect, including：
Supporting rod and/or connecting rod are made using elasticity or plasticity connecting rod, utilizes the deformation of itself of each rod structure
Ability further increases structure resistance capacity to deformation and recovery effects, the application range of enlarged configuration；
After avoiding bearing mechanism from being pressurized, each rod structure is destroyed after mutually squeezing, and is set in the outside of the rod structures such as support line
High polymer elastic layer is set, stress is buffered using high polymer elastic layer in deformation process and improves support strength；
Inner space gap is filled using deformed elastic layer (in impact resistance protective materials) in limited compression, is improved
Relative density and material homogeneity improve structure impact resistance, damage-resistant ability.
It should be noted that in the above-described embodiments, monomer structure is that there are four the cube shaped of joint face with surrounding
Formula is indicated, and in practical applications, can also be arranged as required to as the monomer structure form containing different number joint faces,
Such as using the structure of three and four or more joint faces come construct lattice structure, using a variety of different monomer structures or group
Conjunction scheme is combined to obtain different pressure-bearing grillage of local physical property etc., principle and physical property be it is contemplated that
's.
Finally it should be noted that above example is only to illustrate the technical solution of the invention, rather than to this hair
The bright limitation for creating protection domain, although being explained in detail to the invention with reference to preferred embodiment, this field
It is to be appreciated by one skilled in the art that can be modified or replaced equivalently to the technical solution of the invention, without de-
Spirit and scope from the invention technical solution, above-mentioned analog simulation scheme and conclusion can pass through corresponding analog simulation
Scheme or other software carry out consistency check.Cumbersome to avoid, foregoing teachings only select to compare in the kinds of schemes of specification
Representational scheme carries out simplation verification, other corresponding constructions and scheme can also be verified in the same manner.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, which is characterized in that including at least one monomer knot
Structure, the monomer structure by top and bottom two supporting surfaces parallel to each other, and between two supporting surfaces according to
The equally distributed multiple joint faces of annular array surround, and the central axis of the annular array is in supporting surface；The supporting surface
Joint face that is adjacent with two and intersecting forms supporting point after intersecting, and supporting surface is surrounded by all supporting points positioned at the face；Institute
State four supporting points that joint face is formed by the intersecting lens of the joint face and adjacent another two joint face on two supporting surfaces
It surrounds；On joint face, supporting point internally extends supporting rod to monomer structure, after the other end intersection of multiple supporting rods with even
Junction forms pyramidal structure；On the support surface, supporting point internally extends supporting rod to monomer structure, multiple supporting rods
After the other end intersection pyramidal structure is formed with supporting surface.
2. a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, which is characterized in that including at least one monomer knot
Structure, the monomer structure by top and bottom two supporting surfaces parallel to each other, and between two supporting surfaces according to
The equally distributed multiple joint faces of annular array surround, and the central axis of the annular array is in two supporting surfaces；The branch
Supporting point is formed after intersecting between support face is adjacent with two and the joint face that intersects, supporting surface is by all supporting points positioned at the face
It surrounds；Formed on two supporting surfaces by the intersecting lens of the joint face and adjacent another two joint face four of the joint face
Supporting point surrounds；On joint face, supporting point internally extends supporting rod, the other end intersection of multiple supporting rods to monomer structure
Afterwards pyramidal structure is formed with joint face.
3. a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In, in pyramidal structure, the equal length of supporting rod.
4. a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In, in the corresponding pyramidal structure of any one joint face, endpoint is located at the supporting rod equal length on same intersecting lens,
Endpoint is located at the difference of the support pole length on different intersecting lenses 0.05L1~0.95L1, wherein L1Refer in corresponding pyramid shape knot
The length on the side being crossed to form by adjacent connection surfaces in structure, the intersecting lens refer to being formed after two adjacent connection surfaces intersect
Line.
5. a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
Stratiform is superimposed again after, including multiple monomer structures, monomer structure elder generation array distribution, and arbitrary neighbouring monomer structure is total
With a supporting surface；The adjacent monomer structure in arbitrary back and forth or left and right shares a joint face.
6. a kind of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
Stratiform is superimposed again after, including multiple monomer structures, the monomer structure linear array column distribution, and in the pyramid shape of monomer structure
In structure, the intersection point of pyramidal vertex/supporting rod extends connecting rod along perpendicular to pyramid bottom surface direction, and to up and down or
Back and forth or left and right is extended to be connected with the pyramidal vertex on adjacent monomer structure.
7. the pressure-bearing grillage based on multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure, which is characterized in that including multiple
Monomer structure, stratiform is superimposed again after monomer structure elder generation array distribution, and the supporting rod is made of elasticity or moulding connecting rod, wherein
The point of intersection on each supporting rod or side is fixedly connected.
8. a kind of pressure-bearing grillage of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure according to claim 7, special
Sign is that the supporting point on the supporting surface passes sequentially through elastic link or the connected composition polygonal frame of moulding connecting rod.
9. a kind of pressure-bearing grillage of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure according to claim 7, special
Sign is that the outside of the supporting rod is enclosed with high polymer elastic layer.
10. a kind of pressure-bearing grillage of multi-panel indent pyramid negative poisson's ratio space lattice structure according to claim 7, special
Sign is that the inside of the monomer structure is filled with elastic filler.
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| CN114962518A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Lattice cell structure with energy-absorbing and vibration-damping characteristics, planar structure and three-dimensional structure |
| CN114962518B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-05-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Lattice cell structure, plane structure and three-dimensional structure with energy absorption and vibration reduction characteristics |
| CN115263958A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Lattice structure with heat transfer and energy absorption and vibration reduction characteristics |
| CN116920169A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-10-24 | 北京科技大学 | Three-dimensional negative poisson ratio metamaterial unit cell and array structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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