CN108258697B - Energy router for comprehensive management of electric energy quality and power optimization - Google Patents
Energy router for comprehensive management of electric energy quality and power optimization Download PDFInfo
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- CN108258697B CN108258697B CN201810106277.0A CN201810106277A CN108258697B CN 108258697 B CN108258697 B CN 108258697B CN 201810106277 A CN201810106277 A CN 201810106277A CN 108258697 B CN108258697 B CN 108258697B
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The energy router for comprehensive treatment of electric energy quality and power optimization comprises a series transformer, a network side isolation converter, a load side converter and a function change-over switch S i And a centralized controller. The invention provides a novel low-voltage energy router integrating a unified power quality controller and a power optimization function, which is realized by the novel low-voltage energy router arranged between a network side high-voltage alternating current bus and a load side low-voltage alternating current bus of an intelligent power distribution network and is widely applied to places such as factories, enterprises, families, schools and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and particularly relates to a novel low-voltage energy router which integrates the functions of a unified power quality controller (UPQC, universal Power Quality Controller) and an energy router and is used for comprehensive management of power quality and power optimization of an intelligent power distribution network.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of users on power supply reliability and power quality and meet the large-scale application of distributed power supplies, the functions of the traditional power distribution network need to be improved, the intelligent power distribution network is a foundation stone of a strong intelligent power network, the intelligent power distribution network is strong at extra-high voltage, and the intelligent power distribution network is intelligent.
The unified power quality controller connects the series converter and the parallel converter through a public direct current bus, and simultaneously solves the voltage power quality problem of a power supply system and the current quality problem generated by loads. The series converter solves the voltage power quality problems of voltage drop, harmonic wave and the like of the power grid side, the parallel converter solves the current quality problems of load harmonic wave, reactive current and the like, and the series converter and the parallel converter can independently operate or cooperatively operate.
The energy router is key equipment of the intelligent power distribution network, has the functions of voltage conversion and energy bidirectional flow, provides an interface for energy exchange with a power grid and loads for a distributed power supply, and realizes the functions of energy management, power flow control and the like. The energy router is used as a power electronic device, and is currently in theoretical research and prototype trial production stages in various countries, and no mature product is popularized and applied.
The application requirements of the energy quality comprehensive treatment and the energy router in the intelligent power distribution network exist at the same time, but most of researches currently use a unified energy quality controller and an energy router as separate power electronic devices. If the functions of the unified power quality controller and the energy router are integrated into a set of power electronic devices, the site investment and the hardware cost are greatly saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel low-voltage energy router integrating a unified power quality controller and a power optimization function.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the energy router for comprehensive treatment of electric energy quality and power optimization comprises a series transformer, a network side isolation converter, a load side converter and a function change-over switch S i And a centralized controller;
the primary side of the series transformer is connected between a network side high-voltage alternating current bus and a load side low-voltage alternating current bus of the intelligent power distribution network;
the grid-side isolation converter is connected with the load-side converter through a low-voltage direct-current bus, and the low-voltage direct-current bus is connected to a distributed power supply through an energy storage system;
the function change-over switch S i Comprising a power supply change-over switch S 1 Switching switch S of series transformer 2 Network side series connection change-over switch S 3 Network side parallel switch S 4 Load side parallel switch S 5 And a series transformer line switching switch S 6 Wherein, the power supply change-over switch S 1 The common connection point PCC (Point of Common Coupling) is the original side network side connection end of the series transformer and is connected between the network side high-voltage alternating current bus and the common connection point PCC of the intelligent power distribution networkChange-over switch S of transformer 2 Is connected in parallel with the primary side of the series transformer and is used for controlling the series transformer to be connected into or cut out of the intelligent power distribution network, and the network side is connected with a switching switch S in series 3 Is connected between the secondary side of the series transformer and the network side isolation converter, and the network side parallel connection change-over switch S 4 Connected between the common connection point PCC and the network side isolation converter, and a load side parallel switch S 5 A series transformer line switching switch S connected between the load side converter and the load side low voltage AC bus 6 The device is positioned between two outgoing terminals and the circuit of the primary side of the series transformer and is used for connecting the primary side of the series transformer into the circuit;
the centralized controller comprises a detection unit, a fault judging unit, a function selecting unit, an outer ring control unit and an inner ring control unit, wherein the detection unit is used for detecting the voltage and the current of a network side high-voltage alternating current bus and a load side low-voltage alternating current bus of the intelligent power distribution network; the fault judging unit is used for judging whether the intelligent power distribution network and the energy router have faults or not; the function selection unit adjusts the function change-over switch S according to the operation conditions of the intelligent power distribution network, the distributed power supply and the load i Selecting a reasonable working mode, and realizing the functions of comprehensive treatment of the electric energy quality and power optimization of the novel low-voltage energy router with minimum hardware cost; the outer ring control unit respectively generates a control instruction of the network side isolation converter and a control instruction of the load side converter according to the working mode determined by the function selection unit; and the inner ring control unit respectively generates driving pulse signals of the power switch tubes of the grid-side isolation converter and the load-side converter according to the control command generated by the outer ring control unit.
The network side isolation converter is provided with a three-phase input end and a low-voltage direct current bus output end, and consists of a plurality of isolation conversion sub-modules, wherein the number of the three-phase isolation conversion sub-modules is the same;
each isolation conversion sub-module is provided with an input side head end, an input side tail end, an output side head end and an output side tail end, wherein the input side head end leading-out terminal of the first isolation conversion sub-module in each phase is used as a three-phase input end, and the input side tail ends of the last isolation conversion sub-modules are connected in a star-shaped manner; the head end of the input side of the next isolation conversion submodule in the same phase is connected to the tail end of the input side of the adjacent previous isolation conversion submodule, namely the head ends of the input sides of the two adjacent isolation conversion submodules are connected in sequence; the head ends of the output sides of all the three-phase isolation conversion sub-modules are connected to be used as the head ends of the output sides of the low-voltage direct current buses, and the tail ends of the output sides of the isolation conversion sub-modules are connected to be used as the tail ends of the output sides of the low-voltage direct current buses.
The isolation conversion submodule comprises an alternating-direct current converter and a bidirectional DC-DC converter, wherein the alternating-direct current converter is connected with the bidirectional DC-DC converter through a direct current bus, the alternating-direct current converter consists of a group of full-control H bridges, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter consists of two groups of full-control H bridges, a resonant inductor, a resonant capacitor and a high-frequency transformer;
the first power switching tube and the second power switching tube of the AC-DC converter are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, a midpoint leading-out terminal of the bridge arm is used as the head end of the input side, the third power switching tube and the fourth power switching tube are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, and a midpoint leading-out terminal of the bridge arm is used as the tail end of the input side; the top ends of the first power switching tube and the third power switching tube are connected together and are connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor, and the tail ends of the second power switching tube and the fourth power switching tube are connected together and are connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor;
the fifth power switch tube and the sixth power switch tube of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected in series to form a third bridge arm, the seventh power switch tube and the eighth power switch tube are connected in series to form a fourth bridge arm, the top ends of the fifth power switch tube and the seventh power switch tube are connected together to be connected with the positive electrode of the first capacitor, the tail ends of the sixth power switch tube and the eighth power switch tube are connected together to be connected with the negative electrode of the first capacitor, and the middle point outgoing lines of the third bridge arm and the fourth bridge arm are respectively connected with the primary side of the high-frequency transformer through the resonant inductor and the resonant capacitor; the ninth power switch tube and the tenth power switch tube are connected in series to form a fifth bridge arm, the eleventh power switch tube and the twelfth power switch tube are connected in series to form a sixth bridge arm, a midpoint outgoing line of the fifth bridge arm and a midpoint outgoing line of the sixth bridge arm are directly connected with the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer, the top ends of the ninth power switch tube and the eleventh power switch tube are connected together to be connected with the positive electrode of the third capacitor, the outgoing terminal is used as the head end of the output side, the tail ends of the tenth power switch tube and the twelfth power switch tube are connected together to be connected with the negative electrode of the third capacitor, and the outgoing terminal is used as the tail end of the output side.
The load side converter is composed of one or more three-phase inverters sharing a low-voltage direct current bus with the network side isolation converter, the load side converter is of a three-phase full-control half-bridge structure, a seventh bridge arm is formed by connecting a first power switch tube and a second power switch tube in series, an eighth bridge arm is formed by connecting a third power switch tube and a fourth power switch tube in series, a ninth bridge arm is formed by connecting a fifth power switch tube and a sixth power switch tube in series, midpoint leading-out terminals of the seventh bridge arm, the eighth bridge arm and the ninth bridge arm are used as three-phase output ends, the top ends of the first power switch tube, the third power switch tube and the fifth power switch tube are connected together to be connected with the positive electrode of a first capacitor, the leading-out terminals are used as the head end of the low-voltage direct current bus, the tail ends of the second power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube and the sixth power switch tube are connected together to be connected with the negative electrode of the first capacitor, and the leading-out terminals are used as the tail end of the low-voltage direct current bus.
The invention provides a novel low-voltage energy router integrating a unified power quality controller and a power optimization function, which is realized by the novel low-voltage energy router arranged between a network side high-voltage alternating current bus and a load side low-voltage alternating current bus of an intelligent power distribution network and is widely applied to places such as factories, enterprises, families, schools and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) When the power grid voltage and power quality problems and the load current quality problems occur, the comprehensive treatment of the power quality can be realized by selecting the function of the unified power quality controller, and the high-quality power supply requirement of a user is met.
(2) The energy router is provided with a high-voltage alternating current bus port, a low-voltage direct current bus port and a low-voltage alternating current bus port simultaneously, can realize bidirectional energy flow, provides lead or lag reactive compensation for a power grid, provides a unified interface for energy interaction between a distributed power supply and the power grid and between the distributed power supply and a load, and provides a foundation for power optimization of an intelligent power distribution network.
(3) In the intelligent power distribution network application, compared with the scheme of independently configuring the UPQC and the low-voltage energy router, the invention builds a general hardware platform for comprehensive treatment of electric energy quality and the energy router with minimum hardware cost, and greatly saves the site and hardware investment.
(4) According to the requirements of the intelligent power distribution network, the distributed power supply and the actual load operation conditions, the invention adopts different control methods by combining different function selection switches to respond to different function requirements, realizes the switching between different functions, and is flexible and convenient to use.
(5) The isolation transformation submodule of the network side isolation transformer realizes standardization and modularization, and the power unit can be replaced at any time, so that the operation and maintenance are time-saving and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main wiring of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the comprehensive treatment function F of the electric energy quality 1 A schematic diagram;
FIG. 3 shows a power optimization function F with function of bidirectional flow and reactive compensation according to the invention 2 A schematic diagram;
FIG. 4 shows an uninterruptible power supply UPS function F according to the invention 3 A schematic diagram;
FIG. 5 shows a mains supply F according to the invention 4 A schematic diagram;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the topology of the series transformer of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the topology of the power switch of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the topology of the network side series switch of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a network-side parallel switch of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the topology of the load side shunt switch of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a topology diagram of a network side isolated converter of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a topology diagram of an isolated transform sub-module of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a topology of a load side inverter of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a main wiring diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a flow chart of a control method of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a flow chart of step 3 in the control method of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic flow chart of step 4 in the control method of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic flow chart of step 5 in the control method of the present invention.
The network side high-voltage alternating current bus of the 1-intelligent power distribution network; 2-a power supply changeover switch; 3-series transformer change-over switch; a 4-series transformer; 5-a network side series connection change-over switch; 6-a network side parallel switch; 7-a network side isolation converter; 8-isolating a transformation submodule; 9-load side converter; 10-low-voltage direct current buses; 11-load side parallel switch; 12-a centralized controller; 13-load side low voltage ac bus; l (L) 81 -a resonant inductance; c (C) 82 -a resonance capacitance; t (T) 81 -a high frequency transformer; s is S 801 —S 812 、S 91 —S 96 -a power switching tube with anti-parallel diodes.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the energy router for comprehensive treatment of electric energy quality and power optimization comprises a series transformer 4, a network side isolation converter 7, a load side converter 9 and a function change-over switch S i And a centralized controller 12;
the primary side of the series transformer 4 is connected between a network side high-voltage alternating current bus 1 and a load side low-voltage alternating current bus 13 of the intelligent power distribution network;
the grid-side isolation converter 7 is connected with the load-side converter 9 through a low-voltage direct-current bus 10, and the low-voltage direct-current bus 10 is connected to a distributed power supply through an energy storage system;
as shown in fig. 7 to 10, the function change-over switch S i Comprising a power supply change-over switch S 1 2. Series transformer change-over switch S 2 3. Network side series connection change-over switch S 3 5. Network side parallel switch S 4 6. Load side parallel switch S 5 11 and series transformer line switching switch S 6 Wherein, the power supply change-over switch S 1 2 are connected between the network side high-voltage alternating current bus 1 of the intelligent power distribution network and a public connection point PCC, wherein the public connection point PCC (Point of Common Coupling) is the primary network side connection end of the series transformer 4, and the series transformer change-over switch S 2 3 is connected in parallel with the primary side of the series transformer 4 and is used for controlling the series transformer 4 to be connected into or cut out of the intelligent distribution network, and the network side is connected with a switching switch S in series 3 5 is connected between the secondary side of the series transformer 4 and the network side isolation converter 7, and the network side parallel switch S 4 6 is connected between the common connection point PCC and the network side isolation converter 7, and the load side parallel switch S 5 11 is connected between the load side converter 9 and the load side low voltage ac bus 13, and is connected in series with the transformer line switching switch S 6 The device is positioned between two outgoing terminals and the circuit of the primary side of the series transformer and is used for connecting the primary side of the series transformer into the circuit;
the centralized controller 12 comprises a detection unit, a fault judging unit, a function selecting unit, an outer ring control unit and an inner ring control unit, wherein the detection unit is used for detecting the voltage and the current of the network side high-voltage alternating current bus 1 and the voltage and the current of the load side low-voltage alternating current bus 13 of the intelligent power distribution network; the fault judging unit is used for judging whether the intelligent power distribution network and the energy router have faults or not; the function selection unit adjusts the function change-over switch S according to the operation conditions of the intelligent power distribution network, the distributed power supply and the load i Selecting a reasonable working mode, and realizing the functions of comprehensive treatment of the electric energy quality and power optimization of the novel low-voltage energy router with minimum hardware cost; the outer ring control unit generates a control instruction of the network side isolation converter 7 and a control instruction of the load side converter 9 respectively according to the working mode determined by the function selection unit; the inner ring control unit generates driving pulse of power switch tube of the network side isolation converter 7 and the load side converter 9 according to the control instruction generated by the outer ring control unitAnd (5) punching the signal.
As shown in fig. 11, the network side isolated converter 7 has a three-phase input terminal u 3 、v 3 、w 3 And one path of low-voltage direct current bus output end p 1 、n 1 The network side isolation converter 7 consists of a plurality of isolation conversion sub-modules 8, and the number of the three-phase isolation conversion sub-modules 8 is the same;
each isolation transformation submodule 8 has an input side head end a 1 And an input side tail end a 2 Output side head end b 1 And an output side tail end b 2 And the first isolation transformation submodule 8 in each phase has an input side head end a 1 The extraction terminal is used as a three-phase input end u 3 、v 3 、w 3 The input-side tail end a of the last isolation transformation submodule 8 2 The inter-phase star connection; input-side head end a of next isolated conversion submodule 8 in phase 1 Input-side tail end a connected to its adjacent last isolated conversion sub-module 8 2 Namely, the adjacent two isolation transformation submodules 8 are connected end to end in sequence at the input side: input side tail end a of 1 st isolation conversion submodule 8 2 Input-side head end a of 2 nd isolation conversion submodule 8 1 Connected to the input side tail end a of the 2 nd isolation conversion submodule 8 2 Input-side head end a of 3 rd isolation conversion submodule 8 1 And so on, the input side tail end a of the N-1 th isolation conversion submodule 8 2 Input-side head end a of N-th isolation conversion submodule 8 1 Are connected; output-side head end b of all three-phase isolation conversion submodule 8 1 Connected as the head end p of the output side of the low-voltage direct current bus 1 The output-side tail end b of the isolation transformation submodule 8 2 Connected as the tail end n of the output side of the low-voltage direct current bus 1 。
As shown in fig. 12, the isolation conversion submodule 8 includes an ac-DC converter and a bidirectional DC-DC converter, which are connected by a DC bus, wherein the ac-DC converter is composed of a group of fully controlled H-bridges, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter is composed of two groups of fully controlled H-bridges, and a resonant inductor L 81 Resonance capacitor C 82 And a high-frequency transformer T 81 Composition;
the first power switch tube S of the AC-DC converter 801 And a second power switch tube S 802 The first bridge arm is formed by series connection, and a midpoint leading-out terminal of the bridge arm is used as an input side head end a 1 Third power switch tube S 803 And a fourth power switch tube S 804 The second bridge arm is formed by series connection, and a midpoint leading-out terminal of the bridge arm is used as an input side tail end a 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the First power switch tube S 801 And a third power switch tube S 803 Is connected with the top end of the capacitor C 81 The positive electrode of the second power switch tube S is connected with 802 And a fourth power switch tube S 804 Is connected with the tail end of the capacitor C 81 Is connected with the negative electrode of the battery;
fifth power switch tube S of bidirectional DC-DC converter 805 And a sixth power switching tube S 806 The third bridge arm and the seventh power switch tube S are formed in series 807 And an eighth power switching tube S 808 A fourth bridge arm and a fifth power switch tube S are formed in series 805 And a seventh power switching tube S 807 Is connected with the top end of the first capacitor C 81 The positive electrode of the sixth power switch tube S is connected with 806 And an eighth power switching tube S 808 Is connected with the tail end of the first capacitor C 81 The middle point outgoing lines of the third bridge arm and the fourth bridge arm are respectively connected through a resonant inductor L 81 And a resonance capacitor C 82 And high-frequency transformer T 81 Is connected with the primary side of the frame; ninth power switch tube S 809 And a tenth power switching tube S 810 Series connection of fifth bridge arm and eleventh power switch tube S 811 And a twelfth power switching tube S 812 The middle point outgoing line of the fifth bridge arm and the sixth bridge arm are directly connected with the high-frequency transformer T in series to form a sixth bridge arm 81 Is connected with the secondary side of the ninth power switch tube S 809 And an eleventh power switching tube S 811 Is connected with the top end of the third capacitor C 83 Is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the lead-out terminal is used as the head end b of the output side 1 Tenth power switching tube S 810 And a twelfth power switching tube S 812 Is connected with the tail end of the third capacitor C 83 Is connected with the negative electrode of the output side and is used as the tail end b of the output side 2 。
As shown in fig. 13, the load-side converter 9 is composed of one or more three-phase inverters sharing a low-voltage dc bus 10 with the grid-side isolation converter 7, the load-side converter 9 is of a three-phase full-control half-bridge structure, and a first power switching tube S 91 And a second power switch tube S 92 A seventh bridge arm and a third power switch tube S are formed in series 93 And a fourth power switch tube S 94 Series connection of an eighth bridge arm and a fifth power switch tube S 95 And a sixth power switching tube S 96 The ninth bridge arm, the seventh bridge arm, the eighth bridge arm and the midpoint leading-out terminal of the ninth bridge arm are formed in series as a three-phase output end u 4 、v 4 、w 4 First power switch tube S 91 Third power switch tube S 93 And a fifth power switch tube S 95 Is connected with the top end of the first capacitor C 91 Is connected with the positive electrode of the low-voltage direct-current bus and is used as the head end p of the input side of the low-voltage direct-current bus 2 Second power switch tube S 92 Fourth power switching tube S 94 And a sixth power switching tube S 96 Is connected with the tail end of the first capacitor C 91 Is connected with the negative pole of the low-voltage DC bus and is used as the tail end n of the input side of the low-voltage DC bus 2 。
As shown in fig. 14, a power supply changeover switch S 1 2 are connected between the network side high-voltage alternating current bus 1 and the public connection point PCC of the intelligent power distribution network, the primary side of the series transformer 4 is connected between the network side high-voltage alternating current bus 1 and the load side low-voltage alternating current bus 13 of the intelligent power distribution network, and the series transformer line switching switch S 6 Is positioned between two outgoing line terminals and the line of the primary side of the series transformer and is used for connecting the primary side of the series transformer into the line, and the series transformer change-over switch S 2 3 are connected in parallel with the primary side of the series transformer 4 and are used for controlling the series transformer 4 to be connected into or disconnected from the intelligent distribution network, and the network side isolation converter 7 is connected with the switch S in series through the network side 3 And 5 is connected with the secondary side of the series transformer 4. Specifically, three-phase input u of grid-side isolated converter 7 3 、v 3 、w 3 Respectively with the network side series connection change-over switch S 3 Terminal t of 5 7 、t 8 、t 9 Connection, network side series connection change-over switch S 3 Terminal t of 5 4 、t 5 、t 6 Respectively with the secondary terminals t of the series transformer 4 1 、t 2 、t 3 And (5) connection.
The network side isolation converter 7 is connected with the change-over switch S in parallel through the network side 4 6 are connected to a common point of attachment PCC. Specifically, three-phase input u of grid-side isolated converter 7 3 、v 3 、w 3 Switch S connected in parallel with the network side respectively 4 6 terminal u 2 、v 2 、w 2 Connection, network side parallel connection change-over switch S 4 6 terminal u 1 、v 1 、w 1 Respectively connected to the point of common connection PCC.
The grid-side isolation converter 7 is connected to the load-side converter 9 via a low-voltage dc bus 10. Specifically, the output-side terminal p of the network-side isolated converter 7 1 、n 1 Respectively with the input side terminals p of the load side inverter 9 2 、n 2 And (5) connection.
The load-side inverter 9 is switched in parallel with the load-side switch S 5 11 are connected to a load side low voltage ac bus 13. Specifically, the output-side terminal u of the load-side inverter 9 4 、v 4 、w 4 Switch S connected in parallel with the load side respectively 5 11 terminal r 4 、r 5 、r 6 Connected, load side parallel switch S 5 11 terminal r 1 、r 2 、r 3 Are connected to the load-side low-voltage ac bus 13.
As shown in fig. 15, the control method of the energy router includes the following steps:
step 1, a detection unit detects the voltage and the current of a network side high-voltage alternating current bus 1 and the voltage and the current of a load side low-voltage alternating current bus 13 of an intelligent power distribution network;
step 2, a fault judging unit judges whether the intelligent power distribution network and the energy router have faults or not, and a function selecting unit adjusts a function change-over switch S according to the operation conditions of the intelligent power distribution network, the distributed power supply and the load i Selecting a reasonable working mode:
(1) If the energy router is normal and the intelligent distribution network is normal, selecting the comprehensive power quality control function F by the function selection unit 1 When the method is used, the step 3 is carried out;
(2) If the energy router is normal and the intelligent distribution network is normal, when the function selection unit selects the power optimization function F with function quantity bidirectional flow and reactive compensation 2 If yes, entering a step 4;
(3) If the energy router is normal and the intelligent distribution network fails, the function selection unit selects the uninterruptible power supply UPS function F 3 Step 5 is entered;
(4) If the energy router fails and the intelligent power distribution network is normal, the function selection unit selects the mains supply function F 4 ；
(5) If the energy router fails and the intelligent distribution network fails, the function selection unit selects a power supply cut-out function F 5 ；
Step 3, as shown in fig. 16, entering an outer ring control unit to generate a compensation voltage command so that the network side isolation converter 7 realizes the function of a dynamic voltage restorer; generating a compensation current command to cause the load-side converter 9 to function as an active filter;
the inner ring control unit respectively realizes the output voltage control of the grid-side isolation converter 7 and the output current control of the load-side converter 9 according to the control instruction generated by the outer ring control unit, and respectively generates driving pulse signals of power switching tubes of the grid-side isolation converter 7 and the load-side converter 9;
step 4, as shown in fig. 17, entering an outer ring control unit to generate active power and reactive power control instructions, so that the network side isolation converter 7 realizes a power optimization function with function quantity bidirectional flow and reactive compensation, and the load side converter 9 realizes a function with function quantity unidirectional flow;
the inner ring control unit respectively realizes active power and reactive power control of the network side isolation converter 7 according to the control instruction generated by the outer ring control unit, active power control of the load side converter 9 and respectively generates driving pulse signals of power switching tubes of the network side isolation converter 7 and the load side converter 9;
step 5, as shown in fig. 18, entering an outer ring control unit to generate a voltage control instruction so that the load side converter 9 outputs a stable three-phase 380VAC/50Hz power supply;
the inner ring control unit controls the output voltage of the load side converter 9 according to the control command generated by the outer ring control unit, and generates driving pulse signals of power switching tubes of the network side isolation converter 7 and the load side converter 9 respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the comprehensive power quality control function F 1 The method comprises the following steps: control function change-over switch S i Make S 1 ＝1、S 2 ＝0、S 3 ＝1、S 4 ＝0、S 5 ＝1、S 6 The energy router at this time corresponds to a unified power quality controller=1;
as shown in fig. 3, the described power optimization function F with functional bidirectional flow and reactive compensation 2 The method comprises the following steps: control function change-over switch S i Make S 1 ＝1、S 2 ＝0、S 3 ＝0、S 4 ＝1、S 5 ＝1、S 6 =0, basic working principle is: the distributed power supply is stored in an energy storage system, and the energy storage system is connected with a switch S in parallel through a low-voltage direct-current bus 10 of an energy router, a network side isolation converter 7 and a network side 4 6, the intelligent power distribution network is connected with the public connection point PCC to realize energy interaction with the intelligent power distribution network; in addition, the distributed power supply also comprises an energy storage system, a low-voltage direct-current bus 10, a load side converter 9 and a load side parallel switch S 5 11 provides electric energy for loads, wherein a dotted line in the figure indicates that a distributed power supply outputs electric energy to the intelligent power distribution network and the loads, and a solid line indicates that the intelligent power distribution network transmits electric energy to an energy storage system and the loads; meanwhile, the energy router can provide lead or lag reactive compensation for the intelligent power distribution network;
as shown in fig. 4, the uninterruptible power supply UPS function F 3 The method comprises the following steps: control function change-over switch S i Make S 1 ＝0、S 2 ＝0、S 3 ＝0、S 4 ＝0、S 5 ＝1、S 6 When the intelligent power distribution network fails, the power supply of the failed power grid is cut off, and the distributed power supply passes through the energy storage system, the low-voltage direct-current bus 10, the load side converter 9 and the load side parallel switch S 5 11 is used for supplying power to the sensitive load, and the dotted line in the figure represents the output direction of the electric energy;
as shown in fig. 5, the utility power supply function F 4 : control function change-over switch S i Make S 1 ＝1、S 2 ＝1、S 3 ＝0、S 4 ＝0、S 5 ＝0、S 6 When the energy router fails, the energy router can be stripped from the intelligent power distribution network so as not to cause adverse effects on the power grid, and a solid line in the figure represents the output direction of electric energy;
as shown in fig. 1, the power supply cut-out function F 5 : control function change-over switch S i Make S 1 ＝0、S 2 ＝0、S 3 ＝0、S 4 ＝0、S 5 ＝0、S 6 =0, the smart distribution network and the distributed power supply can be separated from the load when the smart distribution network and the energy router simultaneously fail, so as not to cause adverse effects on the load.
Function-switching switch S i (i=1, 2,3,4,5, 6) when closed, S i =1; when disconnected, S i =0. Adjusting function change-over switch S i The novel low-voltage energy router can realize different functions F j (j=1, 2,3,4, 5) as shown in table 1.
Table 1 functional change-over switch combination table
| Function F j | S 1 | S 2 | S 3 | S 4 | S 5 | S 6 |
| F 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| F 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| F 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| F 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| F 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Claims (4)
1. The energy router for comprehensive management of electric energy quality and power optimization is characterized in that: the power supply system comprises a series transformer (4), a network side isolation converter (7), a load side converter (9), a function change-over switch Si and a centralized controller (12);
the primary side of the series transformer (4) is connected between a network side high-voltage alternating current bus (1) and a load side low-voltage alternating current bus (13) of the intelligent power distribution network;
the grid-side isolation converter (7) is connected with the load-side converter (9) through a low-voltage direct-current bus (10), and the low-voltage direct-current bus (10) is connected to a distributed power supply through an energy storage system;
the function change-over switch Si comprises a power supply change-over switch S1 (2), a series transformer change-over switch S2 (3), a network side series change-over switch S3 (5), a network side parallel change-over switch S4 (6), a load side parallel change-over switch S5 (11) and a series transformer line switch S6, wherein the power supply change-over switch S1 (2) is connected between a network side high-voltage alternating-current bus (1) and a public connection point PCC of the intelligent power distribution network, the series transformer change-over switch S2 (3) is connected with a primary side of the series transformer (4) in parallel, the network side series change-over switch S3 (5) is connected between a secondary side of the series transformer (4) and a network side isolation converter (7), the network side parallel change-over switch S4 (6) is connected between the public connection point PCC and the network side isolation converter (7), the load side parallel change-over switch S5 (11) is connected between a load side converter (9) and a load side low-voltage alternating-current bus (13), and the series transformer line switch S6 is positioned between two line outgoing terminals of the primary side of the series transformer and the network side isolation converter;
the centralized controller (12) comprises a detection unit, a fault judging unit, a function selecting unit, an outer ring control unit and an inner ring control unit, wherein the detection unit is used for detecting the voltage and the current of a network side high-voltage alternating current bus (1) and the voltage and the current of a load side low-voltage alternating current bus (13) of the intelligent power distribution network; the fault judging unit is used for judging whether the intelligent power distribution network and the energy router have faults or not; the function selection unit selects a reasonable working mode by adjusting the combination of the function change-over switches Si according to the operation conditions of the intelligent power distribution network, the distributed power supply and the load; the outer ring control unit generates a control instruction of the network side isolation converter (7) and a control instruction of the load side converter (9) respectively according to the working mode determined by the function selection unit; the inner ring control unit generates driving pulse signals of power switching tubes of the grid-side isolation converter (7) and the load-side converter (9) according to the control instruction generated by the outer ring control unit;
the control method of the energy router comprises the following steps:
step 1, a detection unit detects the voltage and the current of a network side high-voltage alternating current bus (1) and the voltage and the current of a load side low-voltage alternating current bus (13) of an intelligent power distribution network;
step 2, a fault judging unit judges whether the intelligent power distribution network and the energy router have faults or not, and a function selecting unit selects a reasonable working mode by adjusting the combination of the function change-over switch Si according to the operation working conditions of the intelligent power distribution network, the distributed power supply and the load:
(1) If the energy router is normal and the intelligent distribution network is normal, when the function selecting unit selects the comprehensive power quality control function F1, entering a step 3;
(2) If the energy router is normal and the intelligent distribution network is normal, when the function selecting unit selects a power optimizing function F2 with function quantity bidirectional flow and reactive compensation, entering a step 4;
(3) If the energy router is normal and the intelligent power distribution network fails, the function selecting unit selects an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) function F3, and then step 5 is carried out;
(4) If the energy router fails and the intelligent power distribution network is normal, the function selection unit selects a mains supply function F4;
(5) If the energy router fails and the intelligent power distribution network fails, the function selection unit selects a power supply cut-out function F5;
step 3, entering an outer ring control unit to generate a compensation voltage command so that the network side isolation converter (7) realizes the function of a dynamic voltage restorer; generating a compensation current command to enable the load side converter (9) to realize the function of an active filter;
the inner ring control unit respectively realizes the output voltage control of the grid-side isolation converter (7) and the output current control of the load-side converter (9) according to the control instruction generated by the outer ring control unit, and respectively generates driving pulse signals of power switching tubes of the grid-side isolation converter (7) and the load-side converter (9);
step 4, entering an outer ring control unit to generate active power and reactive power control instructions, so that the network side isolation converter (7) realizes a power optimization function with function quantity bidirectional flow and reactive compensation, and the load side converter (9) realizes a function with function quantity unidirectional flow;
the inner ring control unit respectively realizes active power and reactive power control of the network side isolation converter (7) according to the control instruction generated by the outer ring control unit, and active power control of the load side converter (9) respectively generates driving pulse signals of power switching tubes of the network side isolation converter (7) and the load side converter (9);
step 5, entering an outer ring control unit to generate a voltage control instruction so that the load side converter (9) outputs a stable three-phase 380VAC/50Hz power supply;
the inner ring control unit controls the output voltage of the load side converter (9) according to the control instruction generated by the outer ring control unit, and respectively generates driving pulse signals of the power switch tubes of the network side isolation converter (7) and the load side converter (9).
2. The power quality integrated management and power optimized energy router of claim 1, wherein: the network side isolation converter (7) is provided with three-phase input ends (u 3, v3 and w 3) and one path of low-voltage direct current bus output ends (p 1 and n 1), the network side isolation converter (7) is composed of a plurality of isolation conversion sub-modules (8), and the number of the three-phase isolation conversion sub-modules (8) is the same;
each isolation conversion sub-module (8) is provided with an input side head end (a 1) and an input side tail end (a 2), an output side head end (b 1) and an output side tail end (b 2), the leading-out terminal of the input side head end (a 1) of the first isolation conversion sub-module (8) in each phase is used as a three-phase input end (u 3, v3 and w 3), and the input side tail ends (a 2) of the last isolation conversion sub-module (8) are connected in an alternate star mode; the input side head end (a 1) of the next isolation conversion sub-module (8) in the same phase is connected to the input side tail end (a 2) of the adjacent previous isolation conversion sub-module (8); the head end (b 1) of the output side of all the three-phase isolation conversion sub-modules (8) is connected to serve as the head end of the low-voltage direct current bus output end, and the tail end (b 2) of the output side of the isolation conversion sub-modules (8) is connected to serve as the tail end of the low-voltage direct current bus output end.
3. The power quality integrated management and power optimized energy router of claim 2, wherein: the isolation conversion submodule (8) comprises an alternating-direct current converter and a bidirectional DC-DC converter, the alternating-direct current converter and the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected through a direct current bus, wherein the alternating-direct current converter consists of a group of full-control H bridges, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter consists of two groups of full-control H bridges, a resonant inductor (L81), a resonant capacitor (C82) and a high-frequency transformer (T81);
the first power switching tube (S801) of the AC-DC converter and the second power switching tube (S802) of the AC-DC converter are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, a midpoint leading-out terminal of the bridge arm is used as an input side head end (a 1), the third power switching tube (S803) of the AC-DC converter and the fourth power switching tube (S804) of the AC-DC converter are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, and the midpoint leading-out terminal of the bridge arm is used as an input side tail end (a 2); the top ends of a first power switching tube (S801) of the AC-DC converter and a third power switching tube (S803) of the AC-DC converter are connected together and are connected with the positive electrode of a capacitor (C81), and the tail ends of a second power switching tube (S802) of the AC-DC converter and a fourth power switching tube (S804) of the AC-DC converter are connected together and are connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor (C81);
the fifth power switch tube (S805) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and the sixth power switch tube (S806) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected in series to form a third bridge arm, the seventh power switch tube (S807) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and the eighth power switch tube (S808) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected in series to form a fourth bridge arm, the top ends of the fifth power switch tube (S805) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and the seventh power switch tube (S807) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected together to be connected with the positive electrode of the first capacitor (C81), the tail ends of the sixth power switch tube (S806) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and the eighth power switch tube (S808) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected together to be connected with the negative electrode of the first capacitor (C81), and the middle point outgoing lines of the third bridge arm and the fourth outgoing line are respectively connected with the primary side of the high-frequency converter (T81) through the resonant inductor (L81) and the resonant capacitor (C82); a ninth power switching tube (S809) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and a tenth power switching tube (S810) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected in series to form a fifth bridge arm, an eleventh power switching tube (S811) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and a twelfth power switching tube (S812) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected in series to form a sixth bridge arm, a middle point outgoing line of the fifth bridge arm and the sixth bridge arm is directly connected with a secondary side of the high-frequency transformer (T81), the top ends of the ninth power switching tube (S809) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and the eleventh power switching tube (S811) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected with the positive electrode of the third capacitor (C83) together, an outgoing terminal is used as an output side head end (b 1), and the tail ends of the tenth power switching tube (S810) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and the twelfth power switching tube (S812) of the bidirectional DC-DC converter are connected with the negative electrode of the third capacitor (C83) together, and the outgoing terminal is used as an output side tail end (b 2).
4. An energy router for integrated power quality management and power optimization according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: the load side converter (9) is composed of one or more three-phase inverters sharing a low-voltage direct current bus (10) with the network side isolation converter (7), the load side converter (9) is of a three-phase full-control half-bridge structure, a first power switch tube (S91) of the load side converter (9) and a second power switch tube (S92) of the load side converter (9) are connected in series to form a seventh bridge arm, a third power switch tube (S93) of the load side converter (9) and a fourth power switch tube (S94) of the load side converter (9) are connected in series to form an eighth bridge arm, the fifth power switch tube (S95) of the load side converter (9) and the sixth power switch tube (S96) of the load side converter (9) are connected in series to form a ninth bridge arm, midpoint leading-out terminals of the seventh bridge arm, the eighth bridge arm and the ninth bridge arm are used as three-phase output ends (u 4, v4 and w 4), the top ends of the first power switch tube (S91) of the load side converter (9), the third power switch tube (S93) of the load side converter (9) and the fifth power switch tube (S95) of the load side converter (9) are connected with the positive electrode of the first capacitor (C91) together, and the leading-out terminal is used as a low-voltage direct current bus input end head end (p 2), and the second power switch tube (S92) of the load side converter (9), the tail ends of a fourth power switch tube (S94) of the load side converter (9) and a sixth power switch tube (S96) of the load side converter (9) are connected together and connected with the negative electrode of the first capacitor (C91), and the leading-out terminal is used as the tail end (n 2) of the low-voltage direct-current bus input end.
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