CN106934175A - A kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box and its Multipurpose Optimal Method - Google Patents
A kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box and its Multipurpose Optimal Method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box and its Multipurpose Optimal Method, the negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is made up of energy-absorption box box body (1), front mounting plate (2), rear installing plate (5) and three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core (3).Because three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is made up of a large amount of negative poisson's ratio single cell structures, there is very big influence to energy-absorption box energy absorption in the parameter of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, the present invention proposes Multipurpose Optimal Method based on the negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, using the parameter of part negative poisson's ratio single cell structure as optimized variable, set up object function, constraints is set, negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box Optimized model is set up, multiple-objection optimization is carried out to negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box using multi-objective particle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle passive safety protection field, and in particular to a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box and its many mesh
Mark optimization method.
Background technology
Automobile mainly absorbs collision as far as possible when there is head-on crash by the compression of automotive front energy-absorption box
Energy, reduce acceleration that collision produces, reduce maximal impact to relax impact, thus reduce the collision of occupant is injured with
And reduce the maintenance cost of vehicle.Energy-absorption box one end is connected on longeron, and the other end is connected with vehicle front bumper bar crossbeam.Mesh
Preceding common energy-absorption box profile is square structure, and this structure can reach certain energy-absorbing effect, but there is deformation in collision
It is not sufficiently stable, compresses not enough thoroughly, so as to cause to greatest extent can not to decompose energy absorption, causes portion of energy meeting edge
Transfers are given on the longeron being attached thereto, and cause vertical deflection of beam to damage and then cause the damage parts in enging cabin, very
The safety of critical passenger in crew module can extremely be transferred energy to.
Negative poisson's ratio structural material can occur steady and controllable compression when being acted on by load so that it
Energy absorption aspect shows more excellent performance, negative poisson's ratio structural material is filled in common energy-absorption box shell and forms negative
Poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box such that it is able to solve the deformation that common energy-absorption box exists when vehicle collides well not steady enough
The insufficient problem of crash energy absorption fixed, that compression is not thoroughly caused enough.
The energy absorption of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is closely bound up with the parameter of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, different
The energy absorption of the energy-absorption box that the single cell structure of geometric parameter is constituted also is differed, it is therefore desirable to negative poisson's ratio unit cell knot
Structure optimizes design, to reach the purpose of the energy-absorbing effect for further improving energy-absorption box.
The content of the invention
Deficiency it is an object of the invention to be directed to above-mentioned background technology, it is proposed that a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box and
Its Multipurpose Optimal Method.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, the negative poisson's ratio single cell structure includes two symmetrical parallel bases, two
The same side on base is attached by the first hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse that are connected, and first hypotenuse of the same side and second oblique
Side slopes inwardly；The thickness of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is t, and 0.6mm≤t≤1.2mm；First hypotenuse,
The width on two hypotenuses and base is b, and 2.2mm≤b≤3mm；Every hypotenuse and the angle on adjacent base are d, and 55 °≤d
≤75°；The length on two bases is a, and 12mm≤a≤16mm；Vertical range between two bases is h, and 8mm≤h≤
13mm。
Further, the thickness t of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is 1.18mm；First hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and bottom
The width b on side is 2.98mm；Every hypotenuse is 56.1 ° with the angle d on adjacent base；Two length a on base are 14.71mm；
Vertical range h between two bases is 8mm.
A kind of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core based on above-mentioned negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, including more than one basis
Unit, the base unit includes two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures, and the base of the two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures is mutually
Orthogonal, the two ends bearing of trend of vertical range h of the base unit along between two bases carries out array arrangement, and the basis
Unit carries out array arrangement along the two ends bearing of trend of two length a on base.
A kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, it is internally provided with above-mentioned three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core, this kind of negative pool
Pine includes energy-absorption box box body (1), front mounting plate (2) and rear installing plate (5), the energy-absorption box box body (1) than structure energy-absorption box
End is connected with front mounting plate (2), and energy-absorption box box body (1) other end is connected with rear installing plate (5)；The front mounting plate (2)
For being connected with car insurance bar crossbeam by bolt, the rear installing plate (5) is for the longeron by bolt and body of a motor car
Connection.
Further, the energy-absorption box box body (1) is that section is octagonal hollow prismatic structures, the energy-absorption box
The whole surface of box body (1) includes upper surface, lower surface, left surface, right flank and prism, the upper surface and lower surface pair
Title is parallel, and the left surface is symmetrical parallel with right flank, and the left surface, perpendicular to upper surface, the prism has four
It is individual, the prism is located between upper surface and right flank, between right flank and lower surface respectively, lower surface and left surface it
Between and left surface and upper surface between；
Three induction grooves one (41) are symmetrically arranged with the left surface and right flank, the induction groove one (41) is located at
At the fourth class branch of energy-absorption box box body (1) axial length；The upper surface be provided with two induction grooves two (42), it is described under
Surface is provided with two induction grooves three, and the induction groove two (42) and induction groove three are symmetrically, described to induce the position of groove two (42)
In two neighboring induction groove one (41) in the middle of upper surface projected position, the induction groove three is located at two neighboring induction groove
One (41) in the middle of lower surface projected position；The induction groove two (42) and induction groove one (41) are inner concavity, described
Induction groove three be outer gibbosity, and it is described induction groove one (41), induction groove two (42) and induce groove three depth all same.
A kind of Multipurpose Optimal Method of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, the negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is built-in with one
The three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core based on negative poisson's ratio single cell structure is planted, the negative poisson's ratio single cell structure includes symmetrical parallel
Two bases, two the same sides on base are attached by the first hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse that are connected, and the same side
First hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse slope inwardly；The thickness of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is t, the first hypotenuse, second
The width on hypotenuse and base is b, and every hypotenuse is d with the angle on adjacent base, and the length on two bases is a, two bottoms
Vertical range between side is h；The three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core includes more than one base unit, the base unit
Including two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures, the base of the two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures is mutually orthogonal, the base unit
The two ends bearing of trend of the vertical range h along between two bases carries out array arrangement, and the base unit is along two bases
The two ends bearing of trend of length a carries out array arrangement, this kind of Multipurpose Optimal Method of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box include with
Lower step：
Step 1), in ISIGHT optimization softwares, optimal Latin hypercube method for designing is chosen, in each design variable ginseng
Uniform in the default threshold range of number to choose N groups design sample point, the design variable parameter is respectively negative poisson's ratio unit cell knot
The base length a of structure, every hypotenuse and vertical range h, the negative poisson's ratio unit cell knot between angle d, two bases on adjacent base
The thickness t of structure and the width b, N of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure are the natural number more than 0；Each described design variable parameter
Default threshold value is respectively：A=14mm, b=2.6mm, h=10.5mm, d=65 °, t=0.9mm；The change model of predetermined threshold value
Enclose respectively：A ∈ [12,16], b ∈ [2.2.3], h ∈ [8,13], d ∈ [55 °, 75 °], t ∈ [0.6,1.2]；
Step 2), according to the design sample point chosen, N groups three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is set up in CATIA softwares
CAD model；
The detailed step that the CAD model of the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is formed is：According to the design sample of generation
Point, sets up negative poisson's ratio single cell structure model in CATIA softwares；Then X-axis side is carried out to negative poisson's ratio single cell structure model
To array change；Then the duplication change being rotated by 90 ° around X-axis is carried out；Finally carry out Y direction, the array of Z-direction is replicated
Change, forms described three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core；
Step 3), the CAD model of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is imported in HYPERMESH softwares, it is carried out several
What cleaning and mesh generation, and the material and thickness of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core are set；
Step 4), traditional energy-absorption box shell model by inside without three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core and for test collisions
Rigid wall model import in HYPERMESH, and three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is filled in traditional energy-absorption box shell, if
Put the impact velocity between rigid wall and negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, when constraint negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is collided not with just
Property wall contact 6 frees degree of an end node, while defining contact between rigid wall and negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box and defeated
Go out；
Step 5), the result according to simulation data calculates the peak value impact force P of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box when colliding, puts down
The quality m of equal impact force F, compression displacement S and energy-absorption box；
Step 6), a kind of order of high-order response surface model is selected, with the corresponding bottom side length of N group negative poisson's ratio single cell structures
Vertical range h, the thickness t of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure and negative Poisson between angle d, two bases on degree a, hypotenuse and base
Than single cell structure width b as input, the corresponding peak value impact force P of N group negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption boxes, average impact F,
The quality m of compression displacement S and energy-absorption box builds following four response surface model as output：Negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box
Quality m response surface models, compression displacement S response surface models, average impact F response surface models, peak value impact force P response surfaces
Model；
Step 7), four coefficient Rs of response surface model fitting are calculated respectively2With root-mean-square error RMSE；
Step 8), for each response surface model, by its coefficient R2, root-mean-square error RMSE respectively with it is default
First threshold, default Second Threshold are compared；If four coefficient Rs of response surface model2It is all higher than equal to default
First threshold, root-mean-square error RMSE are respectively less than equal to default Second Threshold, perform step 9)；Otherwise re-execute step 1)
To step 7), until four coefficient Rs of response surface model2It is all higher than being missed equal to default first threshold 0.92, root mean square
Difference RMSE is respectively less than equal to default Second Threshold 0.08；
Step 9), the quality m and compression displacement S with negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box as optimization aim, peak value impact force P,
Average impact F, compression displacement S and quality m are system constraints, with the base length a of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, every
Vertical range h, the thickness t of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure and negative pool between bar hypotenuse and angle d, two bases on adjacent base
Pine is design variable than the width b of single cell structure, sets up the Mathematical Modeling of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box optimization；
Step 10), according to the optimized mathematical model set up in Isight softwares, using multi-objective particle
Base length a, every hypotenuse negative poisson's ratio single cell structure and the vertical range between angle d, two bases on adjacent base
The width b of h, the thickness t of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure and negative poisson's ratio single cell structure is optimized, and obtains Pareto disaggregation,
And concentrate one group of optimal solution of selection from Pareto solutions；
Step 11) according to the optimal solution obtained after optimization, set up negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box simulation model and in LS-
Solution calculating is carried out in DYNA softwares, the actual emulation result of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box after being optimized.
Further, step 4) described in the quality of rigid wall be 900kg, rigid wall and negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box
Between impact velocity be 15km/h.
Further, step 6) described in the order of high-order response surface model be second order, its general type is：
Wherein, m is design parameter number, xiAnd xjIt is input, y is original response, ai、aiiAnd aijIt is undetermined coefficient,
Its number be k and：
Further, step 6) described in the mass-basis response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, compression displacement rings
Answer surface model, average impact response surface model, peak value impact force response surface model as follows respectively：
1) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box quality m is：
M=3.408-0.2187a+0.3961b+0.0855h-0.0426d+0.957t+0.0052a2-0.0146b2
-0.0000576h2+0.000176d2-0.022t2-0.0139ab-0.00272ah+0.00198ad-0.0313at
-0.00094bh-0.00123bd+0.0864bt-0.000666hd-0.0055ht-0.00462dt
2) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box compression displacement S is：
S=18.3507+6.4761a-3.9816b+2.2986h+1.2399d-28.604t-0.1569 a2-2.3859b2
-0.0877h2-0.00696d2+0.644t2+0.7614ab-0.1554ah-0.02834ad+1.546at+
0.2692bh
+0.07567bd-8.2472bt+0.0125hd+1.0947ht-0.1047dt
3) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box average impact F is：
F=135.9968-4.3789a+0.5376b-1.417h-1.0003d+21.253t+0.1228 a2+2.3099b2
+0.0478h2+0.0062d2+3.397t2-0.6732ab+0.1196ah+0.0206ad-1.2859at-
0.2522ah
-0.05623bd+7.818bt-0.0037hd-1.0269ht-0.02654dt
4) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box peak value impact force P is：
P=129.4295-3.4271a-0.0704b-2.6319h-0.5749d+116.2096t+0.2 734a2+3.369b2
+0.1481h2+0.0042d2+14.5422t2-1.1753ab+0.1665ah-0.0061ad-6.025at-
0.3413bh
+0.1725bd-2.6305bt-0.0196hd-1.6835ht-0.0027dt。
Further, step 9) described in negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box optimization Mathematical Modeling be：
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, be filled in three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core in traditional energy-absorption box and form negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorbing by the present invention
Box, efficiently solves the shortcomings of deformation that traditional energy-absorption box exists when vehicle collides is unstable, energy-absorbing effect is poor.
2nd, after being optimized to the parameter of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure using multi-objective particle, further carry
The energy absorption of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the CAD model schematic diagram of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure；
Fig. 4 is the Multipurpose Optimal Method schematic flow sheet of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is multi-objective particle schematic flow sheet of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the collision result schematic diagram of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals：
1- energy-absorption boxes box body, 2- front mounting plates, 3- three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structures inner core, 41- induction groove one, 42- induction grooves
2nd, installing plate after 5-.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following examples are descriptive, is not limit
Qualitatively, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this.
It will be understood to those skilled in the art that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein have and the present invention
The general understanding identical meaning of the those of ordinary skill in art.It should also be understood that fixed in such as general dictionary
Those terms of justice should be understood that with the meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of prior art, and unless as this
In equally define, will not be explained with idealization or excessively formal implication.
A kind of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, negative poisson's ratio single cell structure includes two symmetrical parallel bases, two bases
The same side be attached by the first hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse that are connected, and first hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse of the same side are equal
Slope inwardly.The thickness of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is t, and 0.6mm≤t≤1.2mm；It is first hypotenuse, second oblique
The width on side and base is b, and 2.2mm≤b≤3mm；Every hypotenuse and the angle on adjacent base are d, and 55 °≤d≤
75°；The length on two bases is a, and 12mm≤a≤16mm；Vertical range between two bases is h, and 8mm≤h≤
13mm。
This 5 parameters determine the complete characteristic of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, while also determining its change in size.Negative Poisson
Be indent hexagonal honeycomb structure than single cell structure profile, when uniaxial compression is born, the hypotenuse of structure occur bending and deformation from
And produce Negative poisson's ratio.
This kind of thickness t on the hypotenuse of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure first, the second hypotenuse and base is 1.18mm；First hypotenuse,
The width b on the second hypotenuse and base is 2.98mm；Every hypotenuse is 56.1 ° with the angle d on adjacent base；Two length on base
A is 14.71mm；Vertical range h between two bases is 8mm.
A kind of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core based on above-mentioned negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, including more than one basis
Unit, base unit includes two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures, and the base of the two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures is mutually orthogonal,
The two ends bearing of trend of vertical range h of the base unit along between two bases carries out array arrangement, and base unit along two bottoms
The two ends bearing of trend of the length a on side carries out array arrangement.Whole three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core 3 is designed as by 22*9*4=
792 square energy-absorbing carriers of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure composition.
A kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, it is internally provided with above-mentioned three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core, due to three-dimensional
There is negative poisson's ratio structure inner core deformation more to stablize when being acted on by load, compression more fully feature, so that
The energy absorption of energy-absorption box is lifted well.This kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box includes energy-absorption box box body 1, preceding peace
Dress plate 2 and rear installing plate 5, the one end of energy-absorption box box body 1 is connected with front mounting plate 2, the other end of energy-absorption box box body 1 and rear installing plate 5
It is connected；Front mounting plate 2 is used to be connected with car insurance bar crossbeam by 2 bolts, rear installing plate 5 for pass through 4 bolts and
The longeron connection of body of a motor car.
Energy-absorption box box body 1 is that section is octagonal hollow prismatic structures, and the whole surface of energy-absorption box box body 1 includes
Upper surface, lower surface, left surface, right flank and prism.Upper surface is symmetrical parallel with lower surface, and left surface is symmetrical with right flank
It is parallel, and left surface is perpendicular to upper surface.Prism has four, and prism is located between upper surface and right flank respectively, the right side
Between side and lower surface, between lower surface and left surface and between left surface and upper surface.
Three induction grooves 1 are symmetrically arranged with left surface and right flank, induction groove 1 is located at energy-absorption box box body 1
At the fourth class branch of axial length；Upper surface is provided with two induction grooves 2 42, and lower surface is provided with two induction grooves three, induction
Groove 2 42 and induction groove three symmetrically, induction groove 2 42 be located at it is two neighboring induction groove 1 in upper surface projected position just
Centre, induction groove three is located at two neighboring induction groove 1 in the middle of lower surface projected position；Induction groove 2 42 and induction
Groove 1 is inner concavity, and induction groove three is outer gibbosity, and the depth of induction groove 1, induction groove 2 42 and induction groove three is homogeneous
Together.Induction groove can guide energy-absorption box to be deformed upon by design, so that energy-absorption box stabilization when colliding
And fully, so as to improve the energy absorption performance of energy-absorption box.
The invention also discloses a kind of Multipurpose Optimal Method of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorbing
Box is built-in with a kind of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core based on negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, and it is right that negative poisson's ratio single cell structure includes
Two parallel bases, two the same sides on base are claimed to be attached by the first hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse that are connected, and together
First hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse of side slope inwardly；The thickness of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is t, and first is oblique
The width on side, the second hypotenuse and base is b, and every hypotenuse is d with the angle on adjacent base, and the length on two bases is a,
Vertical range between two bases is h；Three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core includes more than one base unit, base unit bag
Two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures are included, the base of the two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures is mutually orthogonal, and base unit is along two
The two ends bearing of trend of the vertical range h between base carries out array arrangement, and base unit along two two ends of the length a on base
Bearing of trend carries out array arrangement, and the Multipurpose Optimal Method of this kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is comprised the following steps：
Step 1), in ISIGHT optimization softwares, optimal Latin hypercube method for designing is chosen, in each design variable ginseng
Uniform in the default threshold range of number to choose N groups design sample point, design variable parameter is respectively negative poisson's ratio single cell structure
Base length a, every hypotenuse and the vertical range h between angle d, two bases on adjacent base, negative poisson's ratio single cell structure
The width b, N of thickness t and negative poisson's ratio single cell structure are the natural number more than 0；Each default threshold value of design variable parameter
Respectively：A=14mm, b=2.6mm, h=10.5mm, d=65 °, t=0.9mm；The excursion of predetermined threshold value is respectively：a
∈ [12,16], b ∈ [2.2.3], h ∈ [8,13], d ∈ [55 °, 75 °], t ∈ [0.6,1.2].
Step 2), according to the design sample point chosen, 80 groups of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner cores are set up in CATIA softwares
CAD model, the detailed modeling procedure of model is as shown in Figure 2；
The detailed step that the CAD model of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is formed is：
Step 2.1) according to the design sample point of generation, negative poisson's ratio single cell structure model is set up in CATIA softwares, such as
Shown in Step1 in Fig. 2；
Step 2.2) then single cell structure model is carried out X-direction array change, as shown in the Step2 in Fig. 2；
Step 2.3) and then the duplication change being rotated by 90 ° around X-axis is carried out, as shown in the Step3 in Fig. 2；
Step 2.4) proceed Y direction array change, as shown in the Step4 in Fig. 2；
Step 2.5) the array change of Z-direction is finally carried out, three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is formed, in Fig. 2
Shown in Step5.
Step 3), the CAD model of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is imported in HYPERMESH softwares, it is carried out several
What cleaning and mesh generation, and the material and thickness of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core are set, then in three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure
The material of core is aluminium alloy, and its density is 2810kg/m3, elastic modelling quantity is 71Gpa, and Poisson's ratio is 0.33.
Step 4), traditional energy-absorption box shell model by inside without three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core and for test collisions
Rigid wall model import in HYPERMESH, and three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is filled in traditional energy-absorption box shell, shape
Into negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, it is 15km/h to set the impact velocity between rigid wall and negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, about
Beam negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box contact 6 frees degree of an end node with rigid wall when colliding, at the same define rigid wall with
Contact and output between negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box.
Step 5), the result according to simulation data calculates the peak value impact force P of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box when colliding, puts down
The quality m of equal impact force F, compression displacement S and energy-absorption box.
Step 6), a kind of order of high-order response surface model is selected, with the corresponding base of 80 groups of negative poisson's ratio single cell structures
The thickness t of vertical range h, negative poisson's ratio single cell structure between the angle d on length a, hypotenuse and base, two bases and negative pool
Pine than single cell structure width b as input, the corresponding peak value impact force P of 80 groups of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption boxes, mean collisional
The quality m of power F, compression displacement S and energy-absorption box builds following four response surface model as output：Negative poisson's ratio structure is inhaled
The quality m response surface models of energy box, compression displacement S response surface models, average impact F response surface models, peak value impact force P ring
Answer surface model.
Wherein, the order of high-order response surface model is second order, and its general type is：
Wherein, m is design parameter number, xiAnd xjIt is input, y is original response, ai、aiiAnd aijIt is undetermined coefficient,
Its number be k and：
The mass-basis response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, compression displacement response surface model, mean collisional force-responsive
Surface model, peak value impact force response surface model are as follows respectively：
1) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box quality m is：
M=3.408-0.2187a+0.3961b+0.0855h-0.0426d+0.957t+0.0052a2-0.0146b2
-0.0000576h2+0.000176d2-0.022t2-0.0139ab-0.00272ah+0.00198ad-0.0313at
-0.00094bh-0.00123bd+0.0864bt-0.000666hd-0.0055ht-0.00462dt
2) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box compression displacement S is：
S=18.3507+6.4761a-3.9816b+2.2986h+1.2399d-28.604t-0.1569 a2-2.3859b2
-0.0877h2-0.00696d2+0.644t2+0.7614ab-0.1554ah-0.02834ad+1.546at+
0.2692bh
+0.07567bd-8.2472bt+0.0125hd+1.0947ht-0.1047dt
3) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box average impact F is：
F=135.9968-4.3789a+0.5376b-1.417h-1.0003d+21.253t+0.1228 a2+2.3099b2
+0.0478h2+0.0062d2+3.397t2-0.6732ab+0.1196ah+0.0206ad-1.2859at-
0.2522ah
-0.05623bd+7.818bt-0.0037hd-1.0269ht-0.02654dt
4) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box peak value impact force P is：
P=129.4295-3.4271a-0.0704b-2.6319h-0.5749d+116.2096t+0.2 734a2+3.369b2
+0.1481h2+0.0042d2+14.5422t2-1.1753ab+0.1665ah-0.0061ad-6.025at-
0.3413bh
+0.1725bd-2.6305bt-0.0196hd-1.6835ht-0.0027dt。
Step 7), four coefficient Rs of response surface model fitting are calculated respectively2With root-mean-square error RMSE.
Step 8), for each response surface model, by its coefficient R2, root-mean-square error RMSE respectively with it is default
First threshold, default Second Threshold are compared；If four coefficient Rs of response surface model2It is all higher than equal to default
First threshold, root-mean-square error RMSE are respectively less than equal to default Second Threshold, perform step 9)；Otherwise re-execute step 1)
To step 7), until four coefficient Rs of response surface model2It is all higher than being missed equal to default first threshold 0.92, root mean square
Difference RMSE is respectively less than equal to default Second Threshold 0.08.
Step 9), the quality m and compression displacement S with negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box as optimization aim, peak value impact force P,
Average impact F, compression displacement S and quality m are system constraints, with the base length a of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, every
Vertical range h, the thickness t of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure and negative pool between bar hypotenuse and angle d, two bases on adjacent base
Pine is design variable than the width b of single cell structure, sets up the Mathematical Modeling of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box optimization.
Negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box optimization Mathematical Modeling be：
Step 10), according to the optimized mathematical model set up in Isight softwares, using multi-objective particle
Base length a, every hypotenuse negative poisson's ratio single cell structure and the vertical range between angle d, two bases on adjacent base
The width b of h, the thickness t of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure and negative poisson's ratio single cell structure is optimized, and obtains Pareto disaggregation,
And concentrate one group of optimal solution of selection from Pareto solutions.
The specific steps of wherein multi-objective particle are as shown in Figure 5：
Step1, initialization population size is all particles of n, i.e., the initial bit of each particle is randomly provided in domain of definition
Put and initial velocity；
Step2, calculates the fitness function value of each particle, and non-dominant disaggregation is formed according to dominance relation；
Step3, updates external archive collection；
Step4, interparticle crowding distance each to outside archive set carries out descending arrangement, is examined according to setting scale number
Look into and whether exceed, the non-domination solution beyond the deletion scale if；
Step5, updates personal best particle PbestIf then directly be set to each particle initial position optimal by the first generation
Position Pbest, if not the first generation then chooses whether to replace according to Pareto dominance relations updating；
Step6, randomly selects global optimum position G in the non-domination solution for coming preceding 10% from external archive collectionbest；
Step7, renewal speed formula：vt+1=wvt+r1·rand()·(pt-xt)+r2·rand()·(Gt-xt)
Wherein：ω is inertia weight；r1、r2It is acceleration constant；Rand () is equally distributed random on interval [0,1]
Number；pt、GtRespectively itself desired positions P of the particle of tbestWith global desired positions Gbest；
Step8, updates the position of each particle a new generation：xt+1=xt+vt, x in formulat、vtIt is the Position And Velocity of moment t；
Step9, checks whether and reaches maximum iteration, if reached, terminator, if not up to, continued
Started the cycle over from second step.
Step 11) according to the optimal solution obtained after optimization, set up negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box simulation model and in LS-
Solution calculating is carried out in DYNA softwares, the actual emulation result of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box after being optimized.Energy-absorption box is touched
Result is hit as shown in fig. 6, the compression displacement of traditional energy-absorption box is maximum in three kinds of energy-absorption boxes, negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorbing before optimization
The compression displacement of box is taken second place, and the compression displacement of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is minimum after optimization, the smaller table of energy-absorption box compression displacement
Bright un-compressed space is bigger, and the energy-absorbing potentiality of energy-absorption box are bigger, illustrates the energy-absorbing of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box after optimization
Performance has obtained effective lifting.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, it is characterised in that：The negative poisson's ratio single cell structure includes symmetrical parallel two
Base, two the same sides on base are attached by the first hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse that are connected, and the same side is first oblique
Side and the second hypotenuse slope inwardly；The thickness of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is t, and 0.6mm≤t≤1.2mm；
The width of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is b, and 2.2mm≤b≤3mm；Every hypotenuse is with the angle on adjacent base
D, and 55 °≤d≤75 °；The length on two bases is a, and 12mm≤a≤16mm；Vertical range between two bases is h,
And 8mm≤h≤13mm.
2. a kind of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core of the negative poisson's ratio single cell structure based on described in claim 1, its feature exists
In：Including more than one base unit, the base unit includes two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures, the two negative poisson's ratios
The base of single cell structure is mutually orthogonal, and the two ends bearing of trend of vertical range h of the base unit along between two bases enters
Row array arrangement, and the base unit carries out array arrangement along the two ends bearing of trend of two length a on base.
3. a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, it is internally provided with three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure as claimed in claim 2
Core, it is characterised in that：Including energy-absorption box box body (1), front mounting plate (2) and rear installing plate (5), the energy-absorption box box body (1)
End is connected with front mounting plate (2), and energy-absorption box box body (1) other end is connected with rear installing plate (5)；The front mounting plate (2)
For being connected with car insurance bar crossbeam by bolt, the rear installing plate (5) is for the longeron by bolt and body of a motor car
Connection.
4. negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The energy-absorption box box body (1) is to cut
Face is octagonal hollow prismatic structures, and the whole surface of the energy-absorption box box body (1) includes upper surface, lower surface, a left side
Side, right flank and prism, the upper surface are symmetrical parallel with lower surface, and the left surface is symmetrical parallel with right flank, and
Perpendicular to upper surface, the prism has four to the left surface, the prism be located at respectively upper surface and right flank it
Between, between right flank and lower surface, between lower surface and left surface and between left surface and upper surface；
Three induction grooves one (41) are symmetrically arranged with the left surface and right flank, the induction groove one (41) is positioned at described
At the fourth class branch of energy-absorption box box body (1) axial length；The upper surface is provided with two induction grooves two (42), the lower surface
Two induction grooves three are provided with, symmetrically, the induction groove two (42) is positioned at phase for the induction groove two (42) and induction groove three
In the middle of upper surface projected position, the induction groove three is located at two neighboring induction groove one to adjacent two induction grooves one (41)
(41) in the middle of lower surface projected position；The induction groove two (42) and induction groove one (41) are inner concavity, described to lure
Guide groove three be outer gibbosity, and it is described induction groove one (41), induction groove two (42) and induce groove three depth all same.
5. a kind of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：First hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and bottom
The thickness t on side is 1.18mm；The width b of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is 2.98mm；Every hypotenuse and adjacent base
Angle d is 56.1 °；Two length a on base are 14.71mm；Vertical range h between two bases is 8mm.
6. a kind of Multipurpose Optimal Method of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, the negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is built-in with one kind
Three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core based on negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, the negative poisson's ratio single cell structure includes symmetrical parallel
Two bases, two the same sides on base are attached by the first hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse that are connected, and the same side the
One hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse slope inwardly；The thickness of the first hypotenuse, the second hypotenuse and base is t, the first hypotenuse, second oblique
The width on side and base is b, and the angle d on every hypotenuse and adjacent base, the length on two bases is between a, two bases
Vertical range be h；The three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core includes more than one base unit, and the base unit includes
Two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures, the base of the two negative poisson's ratio single cell structures is mutually orthogonal, and the base unit is along two
The two ends bearing of trend of the vertical range h between individual base carries out array arrangement, and the base unit along two length a on base
Two ends bearing of trend carry out array arrangement, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1), in ISIGHT optimization softwares, optimal Latin hypercube method for designing is chosen, it is pre- in each design variable parameter
If threshold range in it is uniform choose N groups design sample point, the design variable parameter is respectively negative poisson's ratio single cell structure
Base length a, every hypotenuse and the vertical range h between angle d, two bases on adjacent base, negative poisson's ratio single cell structure
The width b, N of thickness t and negative poisson's ratio single cell structure are the natural number more than 0, and N values are 80；Each described design variable
The default threshold value of parameter is respectively：A=14mm, b=2.6mm, h=10.5mm, d=65 °, t=0.9mm；The change of predetermined threshold value
Change scope to be respectively：A ∈ [12,16], b ∈ [2.2.3], h ∈ [8,13], d ∈ [55 °, 75 °], t ∈ [0.6,1.2]；
Step 2), according to the design sample point chosen, the CAD of N groups three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is set up in CATIA softwares
Model；
The detailed step that the CAD model of the three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is formed is：According to generation design sample point,
Negative poisson's ratio single cell structure model is set up in CATIA softwares；Then the battle array of X-direction is carried out to negative poisson's ratio single cell structure model
Row change；Then the duplication change being rotated by 90 ° around X-axis is carried out；Finally carry out Y direction, the array of Z-direction replicates change,
Form described three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core；
Step 3), the CAD model of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is imported in HYPERMESH softwares, geometry is carried out to it clear
Reason and mesh generation, and the material and thickness of three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core are set；
Step 4), traditional energy-absorption box shell model by inside without three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core and for the firm of test collisions
Property wall model import in HYPERMESH, and three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure inner core is filled in traditional energy-absorption box shell, set firm
Property impact velocity between wall and negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box, when constraint negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is collided not with rigid wall
6 frees degree of an end node are contacted, while defining contact and output between rigid wall and negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box；
Step 5), the result according to simulation data calculates the peak value impact force P of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box when colliding, averagely touches
Hit the quality m of power F, compression displacement S and energy-absorption box；
Step 6), select a kind of order of high-order response surface model, with the corresponding base length a of N group negative poisson's ratio single cell structures,
The thickness t and negative poisson's ratio list of vertical range h, negative poisson's ratio single cell structure between the angle d on hypotenuse and base, two bases
The width b of born of the same parents' structure is used as input, the corresponding peak value impact force P of N group negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption boxes, average impact F, compression
The quality m of displacement S and energy-absorption box builds following four response surface model as output：The matter of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box
Amount m response surface models, compression displacement S response surface models, average impact F response surface models, peak value impact force P response face moulds
Type；
Step 7), four coefficient Rs of response surface model fitting are calculated respectively2With root-mean-square error RMSE；
Step 8), for each response surface model, by its coefficient R2, root-mean-square error RMSE is respectively with default first
Threshold value, default Second Threshold are compared；If four coefficient Rs of response surface model2It is all higher than being equal to default first
Threshold value, root-mean-square error RMSE are respectively less than equal to default Second Threshold, perform step 9)；Otherwise re-execute step 1) extremely walk
It is rapid 7), until four coefficient Rs of response surface model2It is all higher than being equal to default first threshold 0.92, root-mean-square error
RMSE is respectively less than equal to default Second Threshold 0.08；
Step 9), the quality m and compression displacement S with negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box are peak value impact force P, average as optimization aim
Impact force F, compression displacement S and quality m are system constraints, with the base length a of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure, every tiltedly
The thickness t and negative poisson's ratio of vertical range h, negative poisson's ratio single cell structure between side and angle d, two bases on adjacent base
The width b of single cell structure is design variable, sets up the Mathematical Modeling of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box optimization；
Step 10), according to the optimized mathematical model set up in Isight softwares, using multi-objective particle to negative
It is the base length a of Poisson's ratio single cell structure, every hypotenuse and the vertical range h between angle d, two bases on adjacent base, negative
The thickness t of Poisson's ratio single cell structure and the width b of negative poisson's ratio single cell structure are optimized, and obtain Pareto disaggregation, and from
Pareto solutions are concentrated and choose one group of optimal solution；
Step 11) according to the optimal solution obtained after optimization, set up negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box simulation model and soft in LS-DYNA
Solution calculating is carried out in part, the actual emulation result of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box after being optimized.
7. a kind of Multipurpose Optimal Method of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step
4) quality of the rigid wall described in is 900kg, and the impact velocity between rigid wall and negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box is 15km/
h。
8. a kind of Multipurpose Optimal Method of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step
6) order of the high-order response surface model described in is second order, and its general type is：
Wherein, m is design parameter number, xiAnd xjIt is input, y is original response, ai、aiiAnd aijUndetermined coefficient is, its number
For k and：
9. a kind of Multipurpose Optimal Method of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step
6) the mass-basis response surface model of the negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box described in, compression displacement response surface model, average impact ring
Answer surface model, peak value impact force response surface model as follows respectively：
1) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box quality m is：
M=3.408-0.2187a+0.3961b+0.0855h-0.0426d+0.957t+0.0052a2-0.0146b2
-0.0000576h2+0.000176d2-0.022t2-0.0139ab-0.00272ah+0.00198ad-0.0313at
-0.00094bh-0.00123bd+0.0864bt-0.000666hd-0.0055ht-0.00462dt
2) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box compression displacement S is：
S=18.3507+6.4761a-3.9816b+2.2986h+1.2399d-28.604t-0.1569 a2-2.3859b2
-0.0877h2-0.00696d2+0.644t2+0.7614ab-0.1554ah-0.02834ad+1.546at+0.2692bh
+0.07567bd-8.2472bt+0.0125hd+1.0947ht-0.1047dt
3) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box average impact F is：
F=135.9968-4.3789a+0.5376b-1.417h-1.0003d+21.253t+0.1228 a2+2.3099b2
+0.0478h2+0.0062d2+3.397t2-0.6732ab+0.1196ah+0.0206ad-1.2859at-0.2522ah
-0.05623bd+7.818bt-0.0037hd-1.0269ht-0.02654dt
4) response surface model of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box peak value impact force P is：
P=129.4295-3.4271a-0.0704b-2.6319h-0.5749d+116.2096t+0.2 734a2+3.369b2
+0.1481h2+0.0042d2+14.5422t2-1.1753ab+0.1665ah-0.0061ad-6.025at-0.3413bh
+0.1725bd-2.6305bt-0.0196hd-1.6835ht-0.0027dt。
10. a kind of Multipurpose Optimal Method of negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step
It is rapid 9) described in negative poisson's ratio structure energy-absorption box optimization Mathematical Modeling be：
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