CN106476881B - A kind of design method of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column - Google Patents
A kind of design method of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column Download PDFInfo
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- CN106476881B CN106476881B CN201610835217.3A CN201610835217A CN106476881B CN 106476881 B CN106476881 B CN 106476881B CN 201610835217 A CN201610835217 A CN 201610835217A CN 106476881 B CN106476881 B CN 106476881B
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- sample point
- negative poisson
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- ratio structure
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/16—Steering columns
- B62D1/18—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable
- B62D1/19—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable incorporating energy-absorbing arrangements, e.g. by being yieldable or collapsible
- B62D1/192—Yieldable or collapsible columns
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column and its design methods, wherein the negative poisson's ratio structure steering column, comprising: upper column casing；Lower tubular column shell, column casing in connection；Negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, while the inside of upper column casing and above-mentioned lower tubular column shell is set；Steering column mounting bracket, for being fixed to vehicle body；Steering column upper bracket is arranged between upper column casing and steering column mounting bracket, for carrying upper column casing；Steering column lower bracket is arranged between lower tubular column shell and steering column mounting bracket, for carrying lower tubular column shell.The present invention can overcome the deficiencies of complicated finite energy that steering column absorbs in automobile collision procedure in the prior art, deformation energy absorber, reliability of structure reduction and higher cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile steering system technical fields, in particular to a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column
And its design method.
Background technique
When head-on crash occurs for automobile, positioned at being wanted comprising the steering system including steering column and steering wheel for automobile front
It is backward driver side to movement, and driver be since the influence of inertia can generate forward movement, so that driver is easy to
By the injury of steering wheel, steering wheel is very common in frontal crash of vehicles traffic accident to the shock of driver's thorax abdomen
A kind of type of impairment.Steering column is needed by absorbing energy to prevent touching beyond human body ability to bear during making contact
Hit power injury driver.
Traditional steering column structure steering wheel in collision process is mobile to top and rear portion, and mobile displacement is larger,
It is easy to cause compared with major injury human body.Energy-absorbing steering tubular column can preferably absorb the energy in collision process, alleviate steering wheel
Impact to driver.Such as Chinese invention patent application prospectus CN101254794A, CN101570213A etc. are respectively
A kind of energy-absorbing motor steering column is disclosed, the displacement of steering wheel can be effectively reduced, improves the passive security of vehicle
Property.In general, energy absorbing vehicle steering column mainly passes through steering shaft energy-absorbing, sleeve assembly energy-absorbing and mounting bracket assembly energy-absorbing three
Aspect realizes energy-absorbing.Although the rational design and deformation by structure can effectively mitigate driver when automobile collides
Injury, but there is the finite energies that collision process absorbs, and deformation energy absorber is complicated, reliability of structure reduce and at
The deficiencies of this is higher.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, it is an object of the invention to propose that a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column and its design are excellent
Change method can overcome the finite energy that steering column absorbs in automobile collision procedure in the prior art, deformation energy absorber
The deficiencies of complicated, reliability of structure reduction and higher cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column, comprising: upper column casing；Down tube
Column shell connects above-mentioned upper column casing；Negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, while being arranged in upper column casing and above-mentioned down tube
The inside of column shell；Steering column mounting bracket, for being fixed to vehicle body；Steering column upper bracket is arranged in upper column casing
Between steering column mounting bracket, for carrying upper column casing；Steering column lower bracket, setting is in lower tubular column shell and turns
To between column mounting bracket, for carrying lower tubular column shell.
Further, steering column mounting bracket further includes steering column mounting bracket stiffening plate, is connected to vehicle body.
Another aspect of the present invention also proposes a kind of design method of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column, comprising:
1) according to the shape feature of steering column, determine negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core on tri- directions X, Y, Z
Unit number, while the design parameter relationship of the basic component units according to negative poisson's ratio structure, establish negative Poisson in Matlab
Than the parameterized model of structure filling inner core, by change design parameter come the foundation of implementation model；
2) sample point is generated using Latin Hypercube Sampling method, is then based on the parameter of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core
Change model and seek response, to establish initial approximation model；
3) negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model is obtained to calculate sample point and carried out sample point according to importance
Grouping, is divided into seven groups；
4) sample point in each sample after grouping is calculated according to negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model
The quantity of sample point in importance and each sample assigns weight to sample:
In formula (2), niIndicate that i-th group of agent model calculates the number of sample point in sample；J indicates a certain specific sample
The number that this point occurs in j approximate model altogether；K is n times that agent model calculates sample point quantity；
According to the weight of calculating, calculates in sample and selected newly in each negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model
Finite element model calculates sample point, and the sample point quantity selected in seven groups of sample groups is respectively as follows:
In formula, m is the number of the calculating sample point of selection；
5) inspection institute selects whether sample point is optimal: according to design after selecting new finite element model and calculating sample point
Optimal conditions verifies whether sample point selected by previous step is optimal, wherein meets negative poisson's ratio structure filling core designs
Optimal termination condition are as follows: when the difference of 5 maximal function values can be ignored or
Wherein, fjIt is j-th the smallest functional value, ε is the constant value of an initially specified very little；
If above-mentioned selected sample point is not able to satisfy termination condition, newly generated finite element model is calculated into sample point
With the sample of previous sample Cheng Xin, then repeatedly Optimization Seeking Design step, until meeting termination condition, to make to bear
Poisson's ratio structure filling inner core meets design object；
6) it based on optimal negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design, is quickly generated using negative poisson's ratio structure parameterization model negative
The finite element model of Poisson's ratio structure filling inner core and steering column carries out car crass finite element analysis to steering column
The validity of design is verified.
Further, when establishing parameterized model in the step 1), the folder between negative poisson's ratio structure cellular thin-walled is chosen
Angle, the length of thin-walled, the thickness of thin-walled, thin-walled length as optimization design variable.
Further, the step 2) is established in initial approximation model process, is generated using Latin Hypercube Sampling method
The calculating sample point of initial finite element model, so that the calculating sample point using initial finite element model constructs initial approximation mould
Type, i.e., initial negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate model；
After generating W initial point, that is, initial finite element model calculating sample point using Latin Hypercube Sampling method,
It calls initial finite element model to calculate separately the functional value of sample point to generate three different approximate models, is Ke Lijin respectively
Agent model K (x), radial basis function agent model R (x) and second order polynomial response surface agent model Q (x), wherein W is a initial
The particular number of point is determined by design variable:
W=(n+1) * (n+2)/2
In formula, n is the quantity of negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design.
Further, the sample point grouping of the step 3) specifically includes:
Great amount of samples point is generated by Latin Hypercube Sampling method first；
It is corresponding that sample point is calculated separately with three kinds of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate models that step 2) generates again
Functional value arranges sample point according to ascending order principle according to sample point functional value size, selects respectively in three groups of sample point arrangements
It takes the maximum sample point of t functional value to calculate sample point as the agent model of three kinds of approximate models, respectively corresponds as A-K
(x), B-R (x), C-Q (x), 50 < t < 300；
According still further to selecting most possibly close to the principle of the sample point of optimum point, agent model is calculated into sample by sample point
Point is grouped, and is divided into seven groups.
Compared with prior art, the remarkable advantage of steering column of the invention is:
1, steering column of the invention is special using compression-compression of negative poisson's ratio structure during frontal crash of vehicles
Property and variation rigidity characteristic, improve the energy absorption of system to the greatest extent in the collision process initial stage, collision the ending stage
The deflection of system is then reduced, to reduce the steering wheel intrusion volume in collision process.
2, using negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, according to the shape feature of steering column, determine that negative poisson's ratio structure is filled out
Fill unit number of the inner core on tri- directions X, Y, Z, eliminate traditional endergonic structure compared to energy-absorbing steering tubular column, automobile just
In the collision process of face in the way of the idio-morphosis of negative poisson's ratio structure and energy absorption characteristics, pass through negative poisson's ratio structure tubing string
Reasonable deformation, buffer function played to human body, impact force suffered by human body is significantly reduced, improves the passive safety of automobile, and
Structure is simple, high reliablity and have lower production cost.
3, the parametrization of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core is established according to the design parameter relationship of negative poisson's ratio structure cellular
Model, while by the way of a variety of different meta-model Combinatorial Optimizations, it can be carried out according to unused vehicle structure and design requirement
The design optimization of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column mentions to realize the maximum energy-absorbing of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column
The passive safety and reliability of structure of high automobile.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the design parameter schematic diagram of negative poisson's ratio structure cellular.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the design method of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column of the invention.
In Fig. 1,1 it is negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, 2 is upper column casing, 3 is steering column upper bracket, and 4 is turn to
Column mounting bracket, 5 be steering column mounting bracket stiffening plate, and 6 be steering column lower bracket, and 7 be lower tubular column shell.
Specific embodiment
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, special to lift specific embodiment and institute's accompanying drawings is cooperated to be described as follows.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the invention, a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column includes: upper tubing string shell
Body 2；Lower tubular column shell 7, column casing 2 in connection；Negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core 1, while being arranged in upper 2 He of column casing
The inside of lower tubular column shell 7；Steering column mounting bracket 4, for being fixed to vehicle body (being not drawn into figure)；Steering column upper bracket
3, it is arranged between upper column casing 2 and steering column mounting bracket 3, for carrying upper column casing 2；Steering column lower bracket
6, it is arranged between lower tubular column shell 7 and steering column mounting bracket 3, for carrying lower tubular column shell 7.
Preferably, steering column mounting bracket 3 further includes steering column mounting bracket stiffening plate 5, is connected to vehicle body (in figure
It is not drawn into), for reinforcing the rigidity of steering column installation.
As shown in figure 3, the specific design cycle of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column is as follows:
First according to the shape feature of steering column, determine negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core on tri- directions X, Y, Z
Unit number, while establishing according to the design parameter relationship of negative poisson's ratio structure cellular the ginseng of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core
Numberization model.When specific design negative poisson's ratio structural finite element analysis can be quickly established according to the structural parameters of negative poisson's ratio structure
Model.When establishing parameterized model, choose angle between negative poisson's ratio structure cellular thin-walled, the length of thin-walled, thin-walled thickness,
The length of thin-walled is as optimization design variable, as shown in Fig. 2, we generate initial finite element using Latin Hypercube Sampling method
Model calculates sample point, so that calculating sample point using initial finite element model constructs initial approximation model.
Initial approximation model is established using the parameterized model of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, to make experimental design point exist
Design space can be uniformly distributed as far as possible, improved the precision of initial negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate model and calculated effect
Rate uses Latin Hypercube Sampling method when generating initial finite element model and calculating sample point, to utilize initial finite element
Model calculates sample point and constructs initial negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate model.Raw using Latin Hypercube Sampling method
After 36 initial points, finite element model is called to calculate separately the functional value of sample point to generate three different approximate models,
Gold agent model K (x), radial basis function agent model R (x) and second order polynomial response surface agent model Q in being respectively gram
(x)。
2000 sample points are generated by Latin Hypercube Sampling method first.The three kinds of negative poisson's ratios generated with previous step
Structure filling inner core approximate model calculates separately the corresponding functional value of sample point.It is wanted according to sample point functional value size according to ascending order
It asks and arranges sample point, choose 100 maximum sample points of functional value respectively as three kinds of approximations in three groups of sample point arrangements
The agent model of model calculates sample point, respectively corresponds as A-K (x), B-R (x), C-Q (x).It is most possibly connect according to selecting
Agent model is calculated sample point grouping by sample point by the principle of the sample point of nearly optimum point, can be mentioned significantly by being suitably grouped
Height chooses the probability of optimum point.
For example, only agent model calculate the sample point probability that occurs in sample A or B or C be it is the smallest,
A, the point probability occurred in B or B, C and A, C is larger, and the sample point occurred simultaneously in A, B, C is close to optimum point
Probability it is then maximum.After grouping, seven groups of sample points are formed, are respectively: D=A ∩ B ∩ C；E=A ∩ B；F=B ∩ C；G=A
∩C；H=A- (E ∪ F)；I=B- (E ∪ G)；J=C- (E ∪ H).
The importance and every group of sample of sample point in sample are calculated according to negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model
The quantity of sample point assigns weight to sample in this point:
In formula, K=300；niIndicate that i-th group of agent model calculates the number of sample point in sample；J indicates a certain spy
Determine sample point to occur in j approximate model altogether.Mould is acted on behalf of in each group negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core according to the weight of calculating
Type, which calculates, selects new finite element model to calculate sample point in sample, the sample point quantity difference selected in seven groups of sample groups
Are as follows:
ki=round (ωi× m), i=1,2,7
(3)
In formula, m=7.
Verify whether sample point selected by previous step is optimal according to design optimal conditions after selecting new sample point.
Wherein, meet the optimal termination condition of negative poisson's ratio structure filling core designs are as follows: the difference of 5 maximal function values can be ignored
It is not-time or
Wherein, fjIt is j-th the smallest functional value, ε=0.0001.
If above-mentioned selected sample point is not able to satisfy termination condition, newly generated finite element model is calculated into sample point
With the sample of previous sample Cheng Xin, then repeatedly Optimization Seeking Design step, until meeting termination condition, to make to bear
Poisson's ratio structure filling inner core meets design object.
Based on optimal negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design, negative pool is quickly generated using negative poisson's ratio structure parameterization model
Pine carries out car crass finite element analysis than the finite element model of structure filling inner core and steering column to set to steering column
The validity of meter is verified.
Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, however, it is not to limit the invention.Skill belonging to the present invention
Has usually intellectual in art field, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can be used for a variety of modifications and variations.Cause
This, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by those of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of design method of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column characterized by comprising
1) according to the shape feature of steering column, unit of the negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core on tri- directions X, Y, Z is determined
Number, while the design parameter relationship of the basic component units according to negative poisson's ratio structure, establish negative poisson's ratio knot in Matlab
Structure fills the parameterized model of inner core, by change design parameter come the foundation of implementation model；
2) sample point is generated using Latin Hypercube Sampling method, is then based on the parametrization mould of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core
Type seeks response, to establish initial approximation model；
3) negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model is obtained to calculate sample point and be grouped sample point according to importance,
It is divided into seven groups；
4) sample point is important in each sample after being grouped according to the calculating of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model
Property and each sample in sample point quantity, to sample assign weight:
In formula (2), niIndicate that i-th group of agent model calculates the number of sample point in sample；J indicates a certain specific sample point
The number occurred in j approximate model altogether；K is n times that agent model calculates sample point quantity；
According to the weight of calculating, each negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model calculate selected in sample it is new limited
Meta-model calculates sample point, and the sample point quantity selected in seven groups of sample groups is respectively as follows:
ki=round (ωi× m), i=1,2,7 (4)
In formula, m is the number of the calculating sample point of selection；
5) inspection institute selects whether sample point is optimal: optimal according to designing after selecting new finite element model and calculating sample point
Condition verifies whether sample point selected by previous step is optimal, wherein meets negative poisson's ratio structure filling core designs optimal
Termination condition are as follows: when the difference of 5 maximal function values can be ignored or
Wherein, fjIt is j-th the smallest functional value, ε is the constant value of an initially specified very little；
If above-mentioned selected sample point is not able to satisfy termination condition, newly generated finite element model is calculated into sample point and elder generation
The sample of preceding sample Cheng Xin, then repeatedly Optimization Seeking Design step, until meeting termination condition, to make negative Poisson
Meet design object than structure filling inner core；
6) based on optimal negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design, negative Poisson is quickly generated using negative poisson's ratio structure parameterization model
Than the finite element model of structure filling inner core and steering column, car crass finite element analysis is carried out to design steering column
Validity verified.
2. the design method of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1)
In when establishing parameterized model, choose the thickness, thin of angle between negative poisson's ratio structure cellular thin-walled, the length of thin-walled, thin-walled
The length of wall is as optimization design variable.
3. the design method of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2)
It establishes in initial approximation model process, the calculating sample point of initial finite element model is generated using Latin Hypercube Sampling method,
To construct initial approximation model, i.e., initial negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core using the calculating sample point of initial finite element model
Approximate model；
After generating W initial point, that is, initial finite element model calculating sample point using Latin Hypercube Sampling method, call
Initial finite element model calculates separately the functional value of sample point to generate three different approximate models, and Jin Dynasty is managed in being respectively gram
Model K (x), radial basis function agent model R (x) and second order polynomial response surface agent model Q (x), wherein W initial point
Particular number is determined by design variable:
W=(n+1) * (n+2)/2
In formula, n is the quantity of negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design.
4. the design method of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step 3)
Sample point grouping specifically include:
Great amount of samples point is generated by Latin Hypercube Sampling method first；
The corresponding function of sample point is calculated separately with three kinds of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate models that step 2) generates again
Value, arranges sample point according to ascending order principle according to sample point functional value size, chooses t respectively in three groups of sample point arrangements
The maximum sample point of functional value calculates sample point as the agent model of three kinds of approximate models, respectively corresponds as A-K (x), B-R
(x), C-Q (x), 50 < t < 300；
According still further to selecting most possibly close to the principle of the sample point of optimum point, agent model is calculated into sample by sample point and is clicked through
Row grouping, is divided into seven groups.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107139873B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2023-03-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Automobile rear bumper with function gradient negative Poisson's ratio structure and optimization method |
| CN107235024B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2023-03-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Variable-thickness gradient negative poisson ratio automobile buffering energy-absorbing structure and optimization method thereof |
| CN107415654A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-12-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Imitative ox horn vehicle door anti-collision joist and its optimization method based on negative poisson's ratio structure |
| CN110758547B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2023-11-14 | 长安大学 | Crumple type automobile steering device based on negative poisson ratio structure |
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| EP0882636A2 (en) * | 1997-06-07 | 1998-12-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 | Steering column comprising an impact-absorbing element |
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| CN104228929A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-24 | 清华大学 | Liquid-filled energy absorption steering pipe column and vehicle comprising liquid-filled energy absorption steering pipe column |
| CN104763772A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-08 | 华南理工大学 | Buffering and energy absorbing structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0882636A2 (en) * | 1997-06-07 | 1998-12-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 | Steering column comprising an impact-absorbing element |
| CN101254794A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2008-09-03 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile energy-absorbing steering pillar |
| CN101758851A (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2010-06-30 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile steering column with energy-absorbing structure |
| CN102729948A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 大连理工大学 | Vehicle safety belt braid |
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