CN106476881A - A kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column and its method for designing - Google Patents
A kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column and its method for designing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106476881A CN106476881A CN201610835217.3A CN201610835217A CN106476881A CN 106476881 A CN106476881 A CN 106476881A CN 201610835217 A CN201610835217 A CN 201610835217A CN 106476881 A CN106476881 A CN 106476881A
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- negative poisson
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- ratio structure
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/16—Steering columns
- B62D1/18—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable
- B62D1/19—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable incorporating energy-absorbing arrangements, e.g. by being yieldable or collapsible
- B62D1/192—Yieldable or collapsible columns
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column and its method for designing, wherein said negative poisson's ratio structure steering column, including：Upper column casing；Lower tubular column housing, column casing in connection；Negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, is simultaneously located at column casing and the inside of above-mentioned lower tubular column housing；Steering column mounting bracket, is used for being fixed to vehicle body；Steering column upper bracket, is arranged between column casing and steering column mounting bracket, for carrying upper column casing；Steering column lower carriage, is arranged between lower tubular column housing and steering column mounting bracket, for carrying lower tubular column housing.The present invention can overcome that the finite energy that in prior art, steering column absorbs in automobile collision procedure, deformation energy absorber be complicated, reliability of structure reduces and the deficiency such as relatively costly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile steering system technical field, it is in particular to a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column
And its method for designing.
Background technology
When automobile occurs head-on crash, the steering of steering column and steering wheel of comprising positioned at automotive front will
Be backward driver side to motion, and driver can produce motion forward due to the impact of inertia, thus driver is easy to
Injured by steering wheel, steering wheel is very common in frontal crash of vehicles vehicle accident to the shock of driver's thorax abdomen
A kind of type of impairment.During making contact, steering column needs to prevent touching beyond human body ability to bear by energy absorption
Hit power injury driver.
Traditional steering column structure steering wheel in collision process moves to top and rear portion, and mobile displacement is larger,
Easily human body is caused compared with major injury.Energy-absorbing steering tubular column can preferably absorb the energy in collision process, alleviates steering wheel
Impact to driver.Such as Chinese invention patent application prospectus CN101254794A, CN101570213A etc. are respectively
Disclose a kind of energy-absorbing motor steering column, can effectively reduce the displacement of steering wheel, improve the passive security of vehicle
Property.Generally, energy absorbing vehicle steering column mainly passes through steering spindle energy-absorbing, sleeve assembly energy-absorbing and mounting bracket assembly energy-absorbing three
Aspect realizes energy-absorbing.Although driver can effectively be mitigated in collision scenario by the appropriate design and deformation of structure
Injury, but there is the finite energy of collision process absorption, deformation energy absorber is complicated, and reliability of structure reduces and becomes
Originally higher etc. not enough.
Content of the invention
For solving the above problems, it is an object of the invention to proposing a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column and its designing excellent
Change method, can overcome the finite energy that in prior art, steering column absorbs in automobile collision procedure, deformation energy absorber
Complicated, reliability of structure reduces and the deficiency such as relatively costly.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column, including：Upper column casing；Down tube
Post housing, connects above-mentioned upper column casing；Negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, is simultaneously located at column casing and above-mentioned down tube
The inside of post housing；Steering column mounting bracket, is used for being fixed to vehicle body；Steering column upper bracket, is arranged on column casing
And steering column mounting bracket between, for carrying upper column casing；Steering column lower carriage, is arranged on lower tubular column housing and turns
To between column mounting bracket, for carrying lower tubular column housing.
Further, steering column mounting bracket also includes steering column mounting bracket reinforcing plate, connects to vehicle body.
Another aspect of the present invention also proposes a kind of method for designing of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column, including：
1) shape facility according to steering column, determines negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core on tri- directions of X, Y, Z
Unit number, the design parameter relation of the basic component units according to negative poisson's ratio structure simultaneously, Matlab sets up negative Poisson
The ratio parameterized model of structure filling inner core, by changing design parameter come the foundation of implementation model；
2) utilize Latin Hypercube Sampling method to generate sample point, be then based on the parameter of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core
Change model and ask for response value, thus setting up initial approximation model；
3) obtain negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model to calculate sample point and carried out sample point according to importance
Packet, is divided into seven groups；
4) sample point in each sample after packet is calculated according to negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model
The quantity of sample point in importance and each sample, gives weights to sample：
In formula (2), niRepresent that i-th group of agent model calculates the number of sample point in sample；J represents a certain specific sample
The number of times that this point occurs altogether in j approximate model；K is n times that agent model calculates sample point quantity；
According to the weights calculating, select new in each negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model calculating sample
FEM (finite element) model calculates sample point, and the sample point quantity selecting in seven groups of sample groups is respectively：
ki=round (ωi× m), i=1,2 ..., 7 (4)
In formula, m is the number of the calculating sample point of selection；
5) inspection institute selects whether sample point reaches optimum：Selecting after new FEM (finite element) model calculates sample point according to design
Optimal conditionss, to verify whether sample point selected by previous step reaches optimum, wherein, meet negative poisson's ratio structure filling core designs
Optimum end condition is：When the difference of 5 maximal function values is negligible or
Wherein, fjIt is the functional value of j-th minimum, ε is the constant value of the very little initially specified；
If above-mentioned selected sample point can not meet end condition, the new FEM (finite element) model producing is calculated sample point
The sample new with previous sample point composition, then repeats Optimization Seeking Design step, until meeting end condition, so that negative
Poisson's ratio structure filling inner core meets design object；
6) based on optimum negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design, quickly generated negative using negative poisson's ratio structure parameterization model
Poisson's ratio structure filling inner core and the FEM (finite element) model of steering column, carry out car crass finite element analyses thus to steering column
The effectiveness of design is verified.
Further, described step 1) in when setting up parameterized model, choose the folder between negative poisson's ratio structure cellular thin-walled
Angle, the length of thin-walled, the thickness of thin-walled, the length of thin-walled are as optimization design variable.
Further, described step 2) set up in initial approximation model process, generated using Latin Hypercube Sampling method
The calculating sample point of initial FEM (finite element) model, thus construct initial approximation mould using the calculating sample point of initial FEM (finite element) model
Type, i.e. initial negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate model；
After being the calculating sample point of initial FEM (finite element) model using Latin Hypercube Sampling method W initial point of generation,
Call initial FEM (finite element) model to calculate the functional value of sample point respectively to generate three different approximate models, be Ke Lijin respectively
Agent model K (x), RBF agent model R (x) and second order polynomial response surface agent model Q (x), wherein W initial
The particular number of point is determined by design variable：
W=(n+1) * (n+2)/2
In formula, n is the quantity of negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design.
Further, described step 3) sample point packet specifically include：
First pass through Latin Hypercube Sampling method and generate great amount of samples point；
Again with step 2) to calculate sample point respectively corresponding for three kinds of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate models generating
Sample point is arranged according to ascending order principle by functional value according to sample point functional value size, selects respectively in three groups of sample point arrangements
Take the maximum sample point of t functional value to calculate sample point as the agent model of three kinds of approximate models, correspond to A K respectively
(x), B R (x), C Q (x), 50<t<300；
According still further to the principle selecting the most possible sample point close to optimum point, by sample point, agent model is calculated sample
Point is grouped, and is divided into seven groups.
Compared with prior art, the remarkable advantage of the steering column of the present invention is：
1st, during frontal crash of vehicles, the compression-compression using negative poisson's ratio structure is special for the steering column of the present invention
Property and variation rigidity characteristic, farthest improve the energy absorption of system in the collision process starting stage, in the collision ending stage
Then reduce the deflection of system, thus reducing the steering wheel intrusion volume in collision process.
2nd, use negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, according to the shape facility of steering column, determine that negative poisson's ratio structure is filled out
Fill unit number on tri- directions of X, Y, Z for the inner core, compare energy-absorbing steering tubular column and eliminate traditional endergonic structure, in automobile just
Idio-morphosis mode and the EAC of negative poisson's ratio structure is utilized, by negative poisson's ratio structure tubing string in the collision process of face
Reasonable deformation, cushioning effect is played to human body, significantly reduces impact force suffered by human body, improve the passive safety of automobile, and
Structure is simple, and reliability is high and has and relatively low becomes product cost.
3rd, the parametrization of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core is set up according to the design parameter relation of negative poisson's ratio structure cellular
Model, simultaneously by the way of multiple difference meta-model Combinatorial Optimizations, can be carried out according to no vehicle structure and design requirement
The design optimization of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column, thus realizing the maximum energy-absorbing of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column, carries
The passive safety of high automobile and reliability of structure.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the design parameter schematic diagram of negative poisson's ratio structure cellular.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the method for designing of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column of the present invention.
In Fig. 1,1 is negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core, 2 is upper column casing, and 3 is steering column upper bracket, and 4 is to turn to
Column mounting bracket, 5 is steering column mounting bracket reinforcing plate, and 6 is steering column lower carriage, and 7 is lower tubular column housing.
Specific embodiment
In order to know more about the technology contents of the present invention, especially exemplified by specific embodiment and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings to be described as follows.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1, according to embodiments of the invention, a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column includes：Upper tubing string shell
Body 2；Lower tubular column housing 7, column casing 2 in connection；Negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core 1, is simultaneously located at column casing 2 He
The inside of lower tubular column housing 7；Steering column mounting bracket 4, is used for being fixed to vehicle body (in figure is not drawn into)；Steering column upper bracket
3, it is arranged between column casing 2 and steering column mounting bracket 3, for carrying upper column casing 2；Steering column lower carriage
6, it is arranged between lower tubular column housing 7 and steering column mounting bracket 3, for carrying lower tubular column housing 7.
Preferably, steering column mounting bracket 3 also includes steering column mounting bracket reinforcing plate 5, connects to vehicle body (in figure
It is not drawn into), for strengthening the rigidity of steering column installation.
As shown in figure 3, the specific design flow process of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column is as follows：
Shape facility first according to steering column, determines negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core on tri- directions of X, Y, Z
Unit number, set up the ginseng of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core according to the design parameter relation of negative poisson's ratio structure cellular simultaneously
Numberization model.Negative poisson's ratio structural finite element analysis can quickly be set up according to the structural parameters of negative poisson's ratio structure during specific design
Model.When setting up parameterized model, choose negative poisson's ratio structure cellular thin-walled between angle, the length of thin-walled, the thickness of thin-walled,
The length of thin-walled is as optimization design variable, as shown in Fig. 2 we adopt Latin Hypercube Sampling method to generate initial finite element
Model calculates sample point, thus calculating sample point construction initial approximation model using initial FEM (finite element) model.
Parameterized model using negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core sets up initial approximation model, for making EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN point exist
Design space can be uniformly distributed as far as possible, improve the precision of initial negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate model and calculate effect
Rate, adopts Latin Hypercube Sampling method generating when initial FEM (finite element) model calculates sample point, thus utilizing initial finite element
Model calculates sample point and constructs initial negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate model.Using the life of Latin Hypercube Sampling method
After becoming 36 initial points, FEM (finite element) model is called to calculate the functional value of sample point respectively to generate three different approximate models,
Golden agent model K (x), RBF agent model R (x) and second order polynomial response surface agent model Q in being respectively gram
(x).
First pass through Latin Hypercube Sampling method and generate 2000 sample points.The three kinds of negative poisson's ratios being generated with previous step
Structure filling inner core approximate model calculates the corresponding functional value of sample point respectively.Will according to ascending order according to sample point functional value size
Ask and sample point is arranged, three groups of sample point arrangements are chosen 100 functional values maximum sample point respectively approximate as three kinds
The agent model of model calculates sample point, corresponds to A K (x), B R (x), C Q (x) respectively.Most possibly connect according to selecting
Agent model is calculated sample point packet by sample point by the principle of the sample point of nearly optimum point, can significantly carry through suitable packet
Height chooses the probability of optimum point.
For example, it is minimum for only calculating, in agent model, the sample point probability occurring in sample A or B or C,
The point probability occurring in A, B or B, C and A, C is larger, and the sample point simultaneously occurring in A, B, C is close to optimum point
Probability then maximum.After packet, form seven groups of sample points, be respectively：D=A ∩ B ∩ C；E=A ∩ B；F=B ∩ C；G=A
∩C；H=A- (E ∪ F)；I=B- (E ∪ G)；J=C- (E ∪ H).
The importance of sample point and every group of sample in sample are calculated according to negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model
In this point, the quantity of sample point gives weights to sample：
In formula, K=300；niRepresent that i-th group of agent model calculates the number of sample point in sample；J represents a certain spy
Determine sample point to occur in j approximate model altogether.Weights according to calculating act on behalf of mould in each group negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core
Type calculates and selects new FEM (finite element) model to calculate sample point in sample, and the sample point quantity selecting in seven groups of sample groups is respectively
For：
ki=round (ωi× m), i=1,2 ..., 7 (3)
In formula, m=7.
Verify whether sample point selected by previous step reaches optimum according to design optimal conditionss after selecting new sample point.
Wherein, meeting the optimum end condition of negative poisson's ratio structure filling core designs is：The difference of 5 maximal function values can be ignored
Not-time or
Wherein, fjIt is the functional value of j-th minimum, ε=0.0001.
If above-mentioned selected sample point can not meet end condition, the new FEM (finite element) model producing is calculated sample point
The sample new with previous sample point composition, then repeats Optimization Seeking Design step, until meeting end condition, so that negative
Poisson's ratio structure filling inner core meets design object.
Based on optimum negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design, quickly generate negative pool using negative poisson's ratio structure parameterization model
Pine, than the FEM (finite element) model of structure filling inner core and steering column, carries out car crass finite element analyses thus setting to steering column
The effectiveness of meter is verified.
Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, so it is not limited to the present invention.The affiliated skill of the present invention
Has usually intellectual, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can be used for a variety of modifications and variations in art field.Cause
This, protection scope of the present invention ought be defined depending on those as defined in claim.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column is it is characterised in that include：
Upper column casing (2)；
Lower tubular column housing (7), connects above-mentioned upper column casing；
Negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core (1), is simultaneously located at column casing (2) and the inside of above-mentioned lower tubular column housing (7)；
Steering column mounting bracket (4), is used for being fixed to vehicle body；
Steering column upper bracket (3), is arranged between column casing and steering column mounting bracket, for carrying upper tubing string shell
Body；
Steering column lower carriage (6), is arranged between lower tubular column housing and steering column mounting bracket, for carrying lower tubular column shell
Body.
2. negative poisson's ratio structure steering column according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that steering column mounting bracket is also wrapped
Include steering column mounting bracket reinforcing plate (5), connect to vehicle body.
3. a kind of method for designing of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column is it is characterised in that include：
1) shape facility according to steering column, determines unit on tri- directions of X, Y, Z for the negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core
Number, the design parameter relation of the basic component units according to negative poisson's ratio structure simultaneously, Matlab sets up negative poisson's ratio knot
Structure fills the parameterized model of inner core, by changing design parameter come the foundation of implementation model；
2) utilize Latin Hypercube Sampling method to generate sample point, be then based on the parametrization mould of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core
Response value asked for by type, thus setting up initial approximation model；
3) obtain negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model to calculate sample point and be grouped sample point according to importance,
It is divided into seven groups；
4) in each sample after being grouped according to the calculating of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model, sample point is important
Property and each sample in sample point quantity, to sample give weights：
In formula (2), niRepresent that i-th group of agent model calculates the number of sample point in sample；J represents a certain specific sample point
The number of times occurring in j approximate model altogether；K is n times that agent model calculates sample point quantity；
According to the weights calculating, each negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core agent model calculate select in sample new limited
Meta-model calculates sample point, and the sample point quantity selecting in seven groups of sample groups is respectively：
ki=round (ωi× m), i=1,2 ..., 7 (4)
In formula, m is the number of the calculating sample point of selection；
5) inspection institute selects whether sample point reaches optimum：Optimum according to design after new FEM (finite element) model calculates sample point selecting
Condition, to verify whether sample point selected by previous step reaches optimum, wherein, meets negative poisson's ratio structure filling core designs optimum
End condition be：When the difference of 5 maximal function values is negligible or
Wherein, fjIt is the functional value of j-th minimum, ε is the constant value of the very little initially specified；
If above-mentioned selected sample point can not meet end condition, the new FEM (finite element) model producing is calculated sample point and elder generation
The new sample of front sample point composition, then repeats Optimization Seeking Design step, until meeting end condition, so that negative Poisson
Meet design object than structure filling inner core；
6) based on optimum negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design, quickly generate negative Poisson using negative poisson's ratio structure parameterization model
The ratio FEM (finite element) model of structure filling inner core and steering column, carries out car crass finite element analyses thus designing to steering column
Effectiveness verified.
4. the method for designing of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described step 1)
In when setting up parameterized model, choose angle between the negative poisson's ratio structure cellular thin-walled, length of thin-walled, the thickness of thin-walled, thin
The length of wall is as optimization design variable.
5. the method for designing of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described step 2)
Set up in initial approximation model process, generate the calculating sample point of initial FEM (finite element) model using Latin Hypercube Sampling method,
Thus constructing initial approximation model using the calculating sample point of initial FEM (finite element) model, i.e. initial negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core
Approximate model；
After being the calculating sample point of initial FEM (finite element) model using Latin Hypercube Sampling method W initial point of generation, call
Initial FEM (finite element) model calculates the functional value of sample point to generate three different approximate models respectively, Jin Dynasty reason in being respectively gram
Model K (x), RBF agent model R (x) and second order polynomial response surface agent model Q (x), wherein W initial point
Particular number is determined by design variable：
W=(n+1) * (n+2)/2
In formula, n is the quantity of negative poisson's ratio parameter of structure design.
6. the method for designing of negative poisson's ratio structure steering column according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that described step 3)
Sample point packet specifically include：
First pass through Latin Hypercube Sampling method and generate great amount of samples point；
Again with step 2) three kinds of negative poisson's ratio structure filling inner core approximate models generating calculate the corresponding function of sample point respectively
Sample point is arranged according to ascending order principle by value according to sample point functional value size, chooses t respectively in three groups of sample point arrangements
The maximum sample point of functional value calculates sample point as the agent model of three kinds of approximate models, corresponds to A K (x), B R respectively
(x), C Q (x), 50<t<300；
According still further to the principle selecting the most possible sample point close to optimum point, by sample point, agent model is calculated sample and click through
Row packet, is divided into seven groups.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107139873A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of automobile rear bumper and optimization method of functionally gradient negative poisson's ratio structure |
| CN107235024A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-10-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure and its optimization method |
| CN107415654A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-12-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Imitative ox horn vehicle door anti-collision joist and its optimization method based on negative poisson's ratio structure |
| CN110758547A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-07 | 长安大学 | Crumple type automobile steering device based on negative Poisson ratio structure |
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| CN104228929A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-24 | 清华大学 | Liquid-filled energy absorption steering pipe column and vehicle comprising liquid-filled energy absorption steering pipe column |
| CN104763772A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-08 | 华南理工大学 | Buffering and energy absorbing structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107139873A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of automobile rear bumper and optimization method of functionally gradient negative poisson's ratio structure |
| CN107235024A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-10-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of Varying-thickness gradient negative poisson's ratio automatic buffer endergonic structure and its optimization method |
| CN107415654A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-12-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Imitative ox horn vehicle door anti-collision joist and its optimization method based on negative poisson's ratio structure |
| CN107139873B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2023-03-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Automobile rear bumper with function gradient negative Poisson's ratio structure and optimization method |
| CN107235024B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2023-03-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Variable-thickness gradient negative poisson ratio automobile buffering energy-absorbing structure and optimization method thereof |
| CN110758547A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-07 | 长安大学 | Crumple type automobile steering device based on negative Poisson ratio structure |
| CN110758547B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2023-11-14 | 长安大学 | Crumple type automobile steering device based on negative poisson ratio structure |
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|---|---|
| CN106476881B (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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